RF Design-24: Power Divider/Combiner Design - Concept to Gerber

[@santhibhushana996]

Good Explanation.

[@محمدامینناصری-س5ز]

It was so helpful thanks 👍👍

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Glad it helped!

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Glad it helped!

[@qiyu5549]

Sir, thanks for your video, it helps a lot! Could you pls tell me why you set Pin 4 and Pin 5 as a differential port with Z0=100Ohms? And when should we set 2 pins as a differential port?

[@victordatdo9880]

Hi Sir, Please help with one problem, when I set up run EM the message said resistor R1 No EM simulation support. So, I can't run it. Please show me how to fix it. Thank you

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi, You can check my EM cosim videos to get answer to this query. Other way is to simply connect 2 pins and make them as a pair for 100Ohm port as I have shown in the video.

[@victordatdo9880]

@@BhargavaAnurag thank you very much sir! really helpful your video

[@phamchung1789]

Sorry, i faced the same problem, how could i do, please help me more

[@prateeksingh5718]

Sir, please do make videos on oscillator and mixer design. Thanks for your efforts. Its really helpful

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Noted..will try to get there but not in schedule for near future....

[@rjrodrig]

Do you have a recommended reference text showing how to calculate the microstrip width for a multi stage Wilkinson power divider?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi, I used Keysight Genesys to quickly calculate the required impedances for multi-section PDs and then becomes very straightforward.

[@rjrodrig]

@@BhargavaAnurag so Genesis has a wizard where it does that kind of like linecalc.exe? I don't have access to that. I will look around the web for a source.

[@BhargavaAnurag]

@@rjrodrig You can obtain a eval copy of Genesys from Keysight. It has a very rich set of Synthesis programs of various kinds: Filters, Couplers, PDs, Impedance Matching, Oscillator etc etc and it's really cool

[@santhibhushana996]

so helpful thanks

[@divyanaveenan]

Can you please post a tutorial on how the same designs can be done using cpwg transmission lines ?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Coming next week...stay tuned...👍

[@张野-l4j]

​@@BhargavaAnurag can you please post a tutorial on how to model schottky diodes in ADS ?

[@AhmadRaza-je3qy]

Sir very informative and highly helpful video. Can you also make a video related to transformer based power combiners and there analysis in software ?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

My apologies but I don't have much idea about transformer based designs. However, I can try to create one if you send some relevant paper or reference link for me to read about that.

[@rakeshlatchipatruni5439]

Hi, Did you find any resource to design transformer based power combiner ? If yes, Please help me . Thank you

[@santhibhushana996]

I would like to design Power combiner at 3 to 3.5GHz, Pulsed power 2kW at output, with 5% duty cycle with your help. Please suggest.

[@nathanwille1769]

Hey Anurag, when I try to use the "Convert Traces" feature ADS doesn't do anything with the lines that I drew. Do you know of any way to fix this?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Not sure what could be going wrong here but for that option to work, you should have used Trace to draw lines and not Path or rectangle etc. If you can't figure it out then kindly contact Keysight Tech Support team for help.

[@Sheikshameer.]

Hi sir, I designed a power divider in layout but i am getting different phase in S(2,1) and S(3,1). What changes i should do to make the phase same in all output ports

[@BhargavaAnurag]

If you have different phase in port 2 and 3, it simply means electrical length is slightly different between the 2 branches and depending on the phase difference you can make one of the branches to little more or less length to achieve phase matching...😊

[@Sheikshameer.]

Thank you sir ❤

[@Sheikshameer.]

Sir, I have doubt on quater wavelength. Why do we choose 90 degrees for impedance matching. Why are you using 10 degrees for 50 ohm why not 90 degrees.

[@saisathya8172]

thanks for the informative video. I have one doubt :-"How substrate definition was included in the EM setup ?".

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Watch Momentum getting started video from Learn ADS in 5mins playlist: kzbin.info/aero/PL9OnCetH8TYrWFGB4QkDP8HVaY-Aum6Hc

[@saisathya8172]

@@BhargavaAnurag thanks Sir for your reply. I was able to include this and simulation was successful. I have one question regarding the design of MSL for my Rf output line with gsg line configuration. Ofcourse the Signal is finally soldered to a Sma slot.

[@derrickagbemazi4925]

I am designing for 26 GHz , anything I should look out for? Also should I consider a single section or multi-section design. I wish to achieve a 20GHz bandwidth it that possible? Thanks

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi Derrick, If you select your stackup properly then you should be able to do it but surely not with 1 section as you are looking for almost an Octave bandwidth. Also I am not sure what specs i.e. loss, flatness, phase difference you are expecting so difficult to comment on. Just give it a try with ideal Transmission lines in the schematic and see how far you can proceed.

[@praveenkumarbadam4029]

@@BhargavaAnurag When I designed 1:4 Power dividers up to 20Ghz , it is having flat gain upto 13GHz and after that it resonates it is bcoz of Chip resistor , So, Thin film flip Microwave resistor which needs to consider while measuring the performance

[@BhargavaAnurag]

@@praveenkumarbadam4029 Thanks for your comments...👍

[@BhargavaAnurag]

@@praveenkumarbadam4029 Thanks for your inputs...👍

[@profhalimboutayeb]

Very good!

[@santhibhushana996]

Is there any difference in design of divider and combiner?

[@MR-qi7fc]

Sir, i make a schematic wilkinson power combiner and i want to calculate the power, so use harmonic balance simulation and replace the two input termG with 2 p1_tone. But the system keeps showing“No source was found”. What is the problem? Thank you!

[@BhargavaAnurag]

I am not sure what could be the problem here but would recommend you to contact your local Keysight tech support team for help

[@MR-qi7fc]

@@BhargavaAnurag Ok. Thank you very much! I will contact my local keysight support.😀

[@yennamveni]

sir is there any way to get equivalent ckt from schematic ckt.....or is there any other way to generate it from patch........can you pls explain it sir it would be very much helpful to my research...

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi, I don't have anything directly but you could look at this video which could be of help if you know the equivalent circuit topology of the Patch: kzbin.info/www/bejne/pWbSqH2GdqdrnM0

[@yennamveni]

@@BhargavaAnurag THANK YOU SO MUCH SIR

[@poornimap4282]

Hi sir, I came across Active power splitters being used at the satellite HUB. Can you please make a tutorial video on the concept and design of active power splitters.

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi Poornima, Kindly send some relevant papers on the same and I will see what I can do to help you.

[@poornimap4282]

Sure sir, thank you

[@djgandb553]

hello sir, thank you for your video which are helpfull. a question ,I tried to replace in an identical project a resistor between two ports with a zero ohm one and I got an error. is this because we cannot have zero values ​​between two ports?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

0 should be avoided but you can keep something like 0.001

[@dangquyen8953]

Sir, Thanks for your video, It is very helpful. Additionally, I want to know the power handling of the combiner/divider. Is there any simulation relating to it? or any calculation that can be helpful?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

You really don't need any simulation for this. I am not sure how much power you need to handle but using theoretical calculations you can calculate recommended max power easily

[@kutluayucar2026]

Hi teacher,I am designing T power divider. What I should observing s 11,s22 ,s33.and My loss is under the -10 dB

[@BhargavaAnurag]

It is up to your specification or application but anything better than -20dB is always considered good

[@kutluayucar2026]

I understood. Thank you

[@saisathya8172]

I would like to understand how did you derive the impedance values of each isolation resistors and Transmission line.

[@BhargavaAnurag]

I simply used Keysight Genesys software which has Synthesis program to calculate initial values but you can refer to text books or papers to get the theory & formulas to use.

[@PastoriciciRobertYO4HFU]

Excellent!

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Thank you! Cheers!

[@manideepk8938]

Sir, for 50 ohms transmission line at branch 2 and 3, tapered turn will the line impedance is 50 ohm. I tried the similar design with tapered turn and 90degree curve shape but the results in tapered fit was better than 90deg curved 50ohm line for 1:4 PD any particular reason

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Difficult to comment when I haven't seen the layout but you can go with whatever works better for your particular case....👍

[@suryaganeshchalla8930]

Sir please mention how do you get Impedance of 3 different sections

[@BhargavaAnurag]

I used Keysight Genesys software which has Synthesis program to quickly calculate required values.....😊

[@nagarajudeevi]

Hi sir Thanks for the helping us. I would like to know the calculation details for multi section power divider Please provide the data

[@BhargavaAnurag]

You can refer to reference text books or papers on that. I simply used Keysight Genesys software which has various synthesis programs incl. one for Power Divider

[@manideepk8938]

sir, In wilkinson power divider instead of lamda/4 if we are using 3(lamda/4) and odd multiples will that effect the design

[@BhargavaAnurag]

I am not sure the very purpose of doing so. Theoretically it should work but you can expect higher insertion loss in your PD design which is not always a good thing.

[@samarthagarwal6716]

In my ads layout the naming like "Tee" or "R1" such naming of components are very much big in front size because of which component is hiding completely. How I can fix that please guide

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi Samarth, This usually happens when you start fiddling with technology i.e. units, like you started in mm then change to mils etc. I always recommend to decide the units & technology when you create new workspace and/or layout. Anyways, you can provide the correct size by going to Options->Preferences and use ComponentText or Text to provide the desired size. Hope this helps.

[@aaliz110]

Made complete layout design and substrate but it is showing "not a valid substrate selected " in em setup. How to set this problem.

[@BhargavaAnurag]

You also need to define the proper stackup to be used for EM simulation. Kindly watch few videos under Learn ADS in 5mins playlist.

[@deerghaagarwal601]

Sir if we want to use this as combiner then what S parameters we should consider as when I am checking S(1,3) it is coming -3.6 for 28.5 GHz.

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi Deergha, Insertion loss will be same as for that there is no difference between a splitter or a combiner. In combiner mode, if you feed 2 signal of equal power and same phase then it will be combined and you will see output power 3dB more. e.g. if you feed 2 signals of 0dBm at appropriate nodes then output power will be +3dBm (assuming no additional insertion loss but in reality it will be some amount) but when S21 or S31 is measured or simulated will be at least -3dB (ideal case) or practical like -3.6 dB that you are observing so -3dB is the splitter contribution which is expected and -0.6dB is the insertion loss of your circuit. Hope this helps.

[@edulchan]

When go from layout to schematic all elements are untidy.? There are some shortcut to tidy all components

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Not that I am aware of but you can work with your local Keysight tech support team to get help.

[@Marry-YY]

hello sir , i want to build a splitter to connect four antennas together but i can't find the correct way, can you help me?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

That looks like a classical 4-way power divider design to me (without isolation resistor of course).

[@ummziyad]

I think I have followed all the steps, however, at the EM simulation setup, the partitioning rule part is still not completed, showing that at the resistor RF_pad: . Therefore I cannot simulate. How to solve this issue?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Its difficult to support this kind of query on KZbin. Kindly contact local Keysight tech support team for help.

[@ummziyad]

@@BhargavaAnurag It is okay, I have found a local Keysight support to help me. Thanks for your reply.

[@kiranbharadwaj1385]

Not able to simulate it. There is an error in the ports page of the emsetup.

[@BhargavaAnurag]

contact local keysight support team for help.

[@PriyadharshiniV-yy4uq]

Whether it is possible to do this as our project!?? Kindly reply sir

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Of course you can do it as your project

[@PriyadharshiniV-yy4uq]

Kindly tell me sir, why are giving 5 ports instead of 3 port because WPD is a 3 port device only sir....

[@BhargavaAnurag]

@@PriyadharshiniV-yy4uq 2 ports to connect isolation resistor

[@phamchung1789]

it said that in R1 no EM simulation support how can i do. i see you do not have any error when manupulate with R

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Yes R1 is an circuit component. You need to change it to circuit or simply delete it from layout to connect 2 ports and then after EM simulation, generate emmodel & symbol to connect resistor back in the schematic. Refer to EM/Circuit cosimulation video to understand the concept

[@mebarkirahim9437]

Hi sir , can u explain how circulator works

[@BhargavaAnurag]

There are many texts and videos for the same. Kindly try googling it...

[@rajkarmakar3096]

How to reduce the size of component name

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Go to Options->Preferences menu and select the desired size under Component Text and/or Text tab...😊

[@rajkarmakar3096]

@@BhargavaAnurag Thank you Sir.

[@kiransiva9329]

sir please till me how to calculate E_eff value..

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi Kiran, If you need a formula to calculate it manually then do a google search on effective dielectric constant and you will get plenty of references, this is also given in any microstrip chapter... Alternatively, simply use LineCalc in ADS which does this calculation for you based on the stackup information your provide as I have shown in one of the videos....

[@kiransiva9329]

@@BhargavaAnurag thank you for your reply sir, my doubt is E_ Eff (effective length of line) this is in line calc. Some times you put 90° . What's the reason for that, I search a google i got different formulas I.e E_ Eff = 0.014lambda* 360/lamba is it true. Plz tell me sir...

[@BhargavaAnurag]

I am not clear about your question. For PDs, you need to have quarter wavelength line sections and that is 90deg so I calculate the physical length corresponding to 90deg on my desired frequency. Formula to calculate guided wavelength i.e. lambda(g) = 360/(Freq*sqrt(Er)) where frequency is GHz and lambda will be in mm and then you divide it by 4 for lambda/4 i.e quarter wavelength line. In Line Calc, I don't need to do all this as I can directly enter 90deg to calculate the required length. If this doesn't help you then phrase your question properly and point to exact time in the video and then ask your query.

[@kiransiva9329]

@@BhargavaAnurag I got the quarter wave transmission line length based on that formula. My question is in line calc what your give electric parameters that is E_eff is 90° . Why not 45° and 180° . What is the need of E_ eff. Plz tell me sir

[@olli3686]

What is this software?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

This is Keysight ADS software.

[@shubhamsihwag5877]

Why is the Lambda/4 = 17.2 ?

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Interesting question Shubham, you will get the number if you simply use the formula of 300/(Freq in GHz*sqrt(Er_eff)) Hope this helps....

[@shubhamsihwag5877]

@@BhargavaAnurag Thank you

[@shubhamsihwag5877]

@@BhargavaAnurag If you don't mind can you please put in the numbers you have used, the freq in GHz and Effective Er

[@priyankapatel9579]

@@BhargavaAnurag Er_eff=3.45 so lmbda/4=16.8mm

[@BhargavaAnurag]

@@shubhamsihwag5877 here it is: For 2.4 GHz, Er_eff = 3.45 for Er of 4.6 lambda = 300/(2.4*sqrt(3.45)) = 67.8 mm hence lambda/4= 67.8/4 = 16.8 mm Hope this helps...👍

[@mayarkhaled7014]

Can you send me the paper or reference you use it

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi Mayar, I didn't refer to any specific paper for this tutorial as this is very basic textbook stuff.

[@samarthagarwal6716]

Even after following the same step I couldn't obtain the same results just like yours. Even S11 also is not upto the mark

[@BhargavaAnurag]

Hi Samarth, As you can imagine, it's difficult to comment on the potential problem without seeing your design on KZbin. I would recommend getting in touch with your local Keysight tech support team to get the required help...👍