Capitals of The Roman Empire

[@RomabooRamblings]

Warning: the 4th crusade is mentioned.

[@Testimony_Of_JTF]

>Wake up >Remenber 4th crusade >Day ruined

[@RJStockton]

TRIGGERED

[@jakemckeown9459]

@@Testimony_Of_JTF it wasn’t all that bad. No mercy was shown here on earth, but God new His own in the next life.

[@thusspokedominicus]

@@jakemckeown9459 Amen

[@joe83175]

It was a based crusade

[@GnosticInformant]

Awesome video!

[@battlepans1927]

I can already imagine the day you’ll completely explode in popularity.

[@justinian-the-great]

If we further stretch the definition of the capital, we could even say for example Alexandria to be the "capital" of the Roman state, since during the second triumvirate Mark Anthony and his staff would basically rule the entire Eastern half of what is still nominally the Republic from there. Albeit this would be strange definition of the "capital" since Alexandria was both legally and literally in the other country at the time........while being also the capital of the said country.

[@calasalos]

in fact doesn't make any sense..

[@FazeParticles]

Rome was largely libertarian tbh. most of their governance came from military prowess and garrisons. if not for that they couldn't keep all this territory "roman" and it would break away and declare independence. and there are examples of this in the 3rd century and 4th century AD.

[@ultra-papasmurf]

@@FazeParticles *autonomous or highly decentralised youd have to have a very weird definition of libertarian for rome in anyway to resemble a (economically or socially) libertarian state

[@histguy101]

@@ultra-papasmurf well, they always talk about the great freedom they had. I believe Avidius Cassius said " They hate us for freedoms" and also "They hate us cuz they ain't us."

[@ultra-papasmurf]

@@histguy101 - mass slavery - religious and cultural persecution and argueablely genocides - heavy economic control (I.e Diocletian set a insane amount of price controls and introduced proto-serfdom) - proto-serfdom in the latter empire meant you literally could not swap occupations from your father's unless your were rich or wanted to become a soldier - extremely restrictive cultural values A pre-modern society did not value 'freedom' the same way your average westerner does. They chose bread and entertainment. The Aristocracy were very free to do what they want as long as their politics didn't endanger the government or (with Marian-Sullan and Imperial civil wars) the soon-to-be government. The Peasents, the vast majority etc. weren't given the same freedoms. Rome held no Liberal ideas of freedom and wasn't a Liberal society (I assume since your talking about liberty when I say libertarian that's what you mean and if you do mean libertarianism then that's a even bigger not-true)

[@erik9671]

I think you missed the Gallic Empire, ruling from Colonge and later Trier. While today called a "Gallic Empire", they considered themself a roman state and established a seperate senate.

[@RomabooRamblings]

Good point

[@jon_007]

And what of carausius and allectus in the late 3rd century?

[@ArcAngle1117]

@@RomabooRamblings By that logic adding Palmyra makes sense too

[@jonathanwebster7091]

The so called 'Gallic Empire' also appointed Consuls as well.

[@shamsuaddinrachedi792]

@@ArcAngle1117 it is, Odaenathus was proclaimed "Dux Totius Orientis imperator" (i.e ruler of all eastern roman lands) by Gallienus. Zenobia's entire claim to eastern roman lands was basically her saying my son inherited imperial titles given by the emperor

[@tylerellis9097]

If including Nicaea then Nymphaion should also be on this list since Nicaean Emperors preferred to rule from there. Which was due to its location being far from the frontier and located in a more prosperous area than Nicaea which was near the border. Another good vid 🤙🏼, I’ve always found Thessalonica and Antioch with their roles in the Empire to be the most fascinating cities after Constantinople. You should do a vid on major cities of the Empire and on their significance to the Empire. Antioch Immediately becoming the Byzantine Empire’s third most important City again after reconquering it and the most prestigious Military post while Thessalonica became a headache for the Palaiologos Empire with it now being the largest city in their Empire after the 4th, etc etc lol. A vid on the evolution of Roman-Byzantine coins would be fascinating too. Byzantine coins going from Latin to Greek to Latin-Greek back to Greek is the wildest ride.

[@laija4992]

Why was Thessalonica a headache

[@tylerellis9097]

@@laija4992 With it now being the Largest and Wealthiest City in the Balkans and Empire after the 4th, members of the Imperial family and even factions in the city itself could disregard and Challenge the Emperor in Constantinople. It’s part of why I think the Palaiologos should have not made a ruined Constantinople their Capital as Byzantine power couldn’t cope with other cities being substantially more powerful than Constantinople

[@Michael_the_Drunkard]

@@tylerellis9097 isn't that what caused the revolt of the Zealots in the 14th century, when the destructive civil war occurred? On the side: stop using the word "byzantine". It is ahistorical and a depreciation of their rightful claim to Roman continuity. Thx

[@naggu1243]

1:41 What a legend, reigning for a whole century

[@AE_AnarchistAlexcianEmpire69Bi]

LMFAO

[@hueylongdong347]

I'd argue Septimius Severus and Gallienus raised the question of what was the capital of the Roman Empire. Septimius had his court in York if I'm not mistaken when he was campaigning in Caledonia. Gallienus had his court in Milan like would his successors because it was more strategically located.

[@RomabooRamblings]

Yeah, I thought about it (Gallienus in particular), but decided that Diocletian's snubbing of the senate was a bigger "milestone"

[@septimiusseverus343]

_Eboracum was an absolute dump when I got there, don't know what it's like today though..._

[@MasonGreenWeed]

@@septimiusseverus343 still dumpster even tiny settlement of Cambodunum replace Erboracum as the capital of the duchy

[@michaeldunne338]

@@septimiusseverus343 believe Julia Domna, the wife, was noted for commenting on how the local women of Caledonia were hussies... (due to supposedly witnessing various incidents of amorous activities done al fresco)

[@GloryToTheUnitedStates6037]

Fun fact: Washington D.C. was designed to look like ancient Republican Rome. Washington D.C. has earned the nickname "Rome on the Potomac (the river)" because of its uncanny resemblance to ancient Rome. The "Capitol" Building got its name squarely from the Capitolium hill of Rome. Many of the monuments in Washington look almost like those in Rome.

[@maude7420]

America trying to have a personality challenge

[@redeye4516]

+Mauve Washington:"hey guys, it's ya boi Georgie, today we're going to be building another nation. This time we're going to try and do what we did with the Roman Republic and try not to get taken over by dictators and run into the ground. I've written in a few new clauses and legal bodies that should hopefully prevent that from happening. Now, gotta run, the Revolution and setup phase took longer than expected and my fever is killing me, so my boys Adams and Jefferson are gonna take over for me with my explicit instructions on how to do it. I'll see you all next time" Adams: "Fall of Rome speedrun strat?" Jefferson: "you know it baby, let's begin driving this bitch in-to-the DIRT"

[@andyrewpantah94]

Founding fathers were such raging romaboos our republics bound to fall the same way

[@CleverMonster101]

Just makes me dislike Americans even more (didn’t know that was possible)

[@kaloarepo288]

The layout was more like Versailles in France than Rome -Le Enfant the planner was French

[@unioneitaliana7107]

Roma, Milano, Ravenna for the West. Nicomedia and Costantinople later for the East.

[@Michael_the_Drunkard]

You forgot Thessalonica, Antioch and Nicaea.

[@rogerkulmala7410]

Nice video! I remember when I watched as a kid a tv program about the sack of Rome, and I wondered why emperor Honorius was in Ravenna, not in Rome. Wasn't he suppose to be the ROMAN emperor?

[@ITR933]

he's a little special

[@bigalmou2261]

What if the real capital of Rome was the friends we made on the way.

[@RmsOceanic]

Milan's time as an imperial capital should probably be pegged at least to 260 AD, during the Crisis, because that's where Gallienus set up shop after his father's capture at Edessa and the breakaway of the Gallic and Palmyrene empires. He didn't deliberately snub Rome like Diocletian did, but he started the trend.

[@historyrhymes1701]

Ah almost thought you missed Syracuse :). Never mind loving the new vids. Very good game on the topics, you are turning the yt algorithm into your Slave.

[@septimiusseverus343]

_The capital changes, but the entity remains Roman to the core._

[@shinsenshogun900]

Imagine naming periods of Roman history after capitals/seats of imperial residences Mfw the Romans set that standard more subtly than their distant Oriental imperial “””equals””” (Late Antiquity China, Japan, and, to a degree, the damn Sassanids)

[@imperator7828]

Syracuse also briefly served as the imperial seat during the 20 years anarchy period

[@digenesakritas]

This channel is incredibly underrated. Great content as always!!

[@kaloarepo288]

When the Lombards took over most of Italy from the eastern Roman empire they made the city of Monza near Milan as one of their capitals and they were crowned with the Iron Crown in the cathedral there.They were replaced by the Carolingian kings of Italy also designated Holy Roman Emperors and they too were also crowned with the Iron Crown.When Napoleon took over and made himself the new Roman emperor he crowned himself with the Iron Crown which repudetly contains one of the nails from Christ's cross.

[@TheDAWinz]

You forgot one capital. Brasilia, Romans were actually Brazilians!!! Come to Brazil!!!

[@vitorboldrini6337]

You joke, but a popular theory/myth here in Brazil is that Juscelino Kubitscheck believed he was the reincarnation of Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten, and that Brasília was modeled after Akhetaten, reviving its goal of building a capital for the sun god. There are actually a few resemblances between them, though they are probably just coincidental.

[@vulpes7079]

@@vitorboldrini6337 as a Brazilian, I can confidently tell you that that's not a popular myth at all here. This is the first time I'm hearing about it and my impression is that you're making it up

[@johngolden4166]

There was also the remnant of the Despotate of Epirus with the last city (or kinda fortress town I think not to sure) being Vonitsa which fell in 1479 but was recaptured in 1481 but finally fell for the last time 2 years later in 1483. That is the last known free Roman city that I know of. If you know any more free Roman cities that lasted longer or just others That managed to stay alive after the fall of Constantinople in 1453, pls tell me.

[@claudiu-mihaipuiu1221]

The Principality of Theodoro, a small rump state of the Eastern Roman Empire survived until 1475 when it too was taken by the Ottomans. It was located in the southwest of modern day Crimea.

[@goranpersson7726]

@@claudiu-mihaipuiu1221 there was also the empire of Trebizond, they fell somewhere around 1460 and had renounced their claim to the roman title (they were of the line Komnenos, a former emperor of the roman empire that relocated to Trebizond during a civil war) but technically that was also a roman remnant

[@Tortellobello45]

@@goranpersson7726 yes, around 800 the Komnenos Dynasty ruled on Byzantium

[@Michael_the_Drunkard]

@@Tortellobello45 *1100

[@Tortellobello45]

@@Michael_the_Drunkard true

[@jonathanwebster7091]

Ravenna even had importance after 476: Italy was of course still viewed as de jure part of the Empire under both Odoacer and the Ostrogoths (who both claimed to be ruling on behalf of the Eastern Emperor). And of course, even after that, it continued to be the seat of the Exarch (and Exarchy) of Ravenna, and thus the seat of imperial rule in Italy, right up until it's overrunning by the Lombards in 741AD. Even after this, it still retained some importance, though not to the Eastern Empire: it continued to be the place that the Holy Roman Emperors were crowned as King of Italy (although it sometimes alternated with Monza and Milan).

[@christopherevans2445]

Liked the Roman coin reverses used

[@christopherevans2445]

Userper Capitals would be interesting too. But that would have taken some time, and explaining of why and what happened everytime. Ex. Lugdunum ( Clodius Albinus)

[@gabrieltfa]

Loved the video. But the title gave me the impression that you would talk about the regional capitals. Which is my suggestion, an also interesting topic. To talk about from wich cities the governors ruled.

[@Briefplayer06]

The pain caused by the 4th crusade will never end

[@redeye4516]

If only Pope Innocent III hadn't blown the yearly crusading budget on some dualistic heretics and gave the 20,000 inbred French guys who showed up to take Egypt actual money to get there. Like it's really bad when they immediately rob a Catholic city right across the bay in Serbia and get excommunicated until they do their jobs. It's straight up just a DnD campaign with many crit fails paving the way to hell.

[@CrunchyNorbert]

crazy idea I heard; Constantinople was actually a few centuries older than the histories make it. The Catholic Church actually messed with the historiography a bit to give themselves primacy. The Byzantines thought of themselves as ethnically "Roman", the Romans themselves thought they were related to the ancient Trojans who came from the Dardenelles.

[@Maxistanca]

Bruh imagine carthage actaully becoming roman capital, would have been hilarious

[@kalaknjikov]

Greetings from Sirmium

[@poogmaster1]

Iirc Ravenna became a de facto Capitol candidate earlier than the date given here as a lot of officials/senate would summer there or flee there for months during times of danger.

[@i_likemen5614]

10:40 That's honestly crazy how Rome's capital could've been the same city as what was once their greatest enemy

[@patavinity1262]

The Roman Empire had already been split before the reign of Diocletian, so I'm not sure why you counted that as the first instance of capital cities which were not Rome.

[@RomabooRamblings]

Because Gallic and Palmyrene empires didn't claim to be Roman.

[@patavinity1262]

@@RomabooRamblings Clarify what you mean by 'didn't claim to be Roman'. The rulers of both states claimed the title of Augustus, established their own governmental apparatus, issued their own coinage, collected their own taxes, etc. There were some cultural differences in different parts of the Roman world, but I don't really see why they shouldn't be considered differently than any other later divisions of the empire.

[@RomabooRamblings]

@@patavinity1262 I mean they didn't claim to be "The Roman Empire", but were separate states with their own separate identity. They may deserve a mention alongside the post-Roman rump states, but this is still a different scenario than the East/West split, where both parts acknowledge that they belong to the same political entity.

[@ScapularSaves]

Interesting video... kudos to you for citing Theodoro and Trebizond. We could also consider Perugia as a extra moenia citadel, the Republic of Venice as Roman successor state to the of Exarchate of Ravenna with unique Ducal titles and privileges to the Doge and all Venetians (of which state lasted until 1797), the Despotate of the Morea which lasted through its citadels of Modon and Koroni until around 1500 under the Venetian Protection. There was also the Ionian Islands that lasted under the Venetian Protectorate until the Republic's fall in 1797, but liberated by the British and then proclaimed a Successor State to Venice called the Septinsular Republic with Lion of St Mark, but eventually joining the Greece Unification in 1864. Finally Spain and Austria as Roman Successor States with Charles V being consecrated and crowned Roman Emperor per both lines of succession - Holy Roman line and Eastern Roman line - with the double headed eagle of Byzantium as his standard and by the Pope of Rome himself, Clement VII at Bologna. Charles like Spanish-Roman Theodosius the Great (who was previously the last unified Roman Emperor in 395 A.D.) made a new partition for the Empire, so that means his brother Ferdinand I and son Philip II also were Co-Emperors per his abdication decree, and so the Austrian-Hasburg and Spanish lines can claim this legacy even today. Note: the claim to Eastern Roman Emperor was given as Titular Emperor of Constantinople as Andreas Paleologos willed its succession to the Catholic Monarchs, and Holy Roman Emperor from Charlemagne's coronation at Rome by Pope St Leo III during a long imperial vacancy of the Roman Empire (even in the East) in Christmas Night of 800 A.D.

[@doctorsechs]

i look forward to this becoming a big channel. then i can say i was the first of a few thousand here. keep it up

[@battlepans1927]

Same here lol

[@ozgurceltikci9106]

Great vid! I’d haven’t added Nymphaion to the list as John Doukas Vatatzes and Theodore II Lascaris basically ruled the Empire of Nikaia from there.

[@ozgurceltikci9106]

I’d have added^* obviously

[@CaptainGalaxyCat2]

What about the capital of Epirus that could have more explanation

[@abdul-hamid4703]

What about Leptis Magna?

[@DrCancado]

I’m a simple man. I se Romaboo videos, I watch them

[@MonsieurBananes]

great video man! I was surprised by how well you pronounced "Soissons", very authentic 👌

[@KostasBaidupis-fq5nk]

Why didn't Alexandria become the Nova Roma?

[@starcapture3040]

you forgot to add the decapolis capital Damascus

[@elshebactm6769]

🤠👍🏿

[@JoKer-kg3uw]

One of the eastern emperors did move the capital shortly to Syracuse I think

[@Michael_the_Drunkard]

He mentioned that.

[@arhexirthesnake]

Lyon and perhaps some more if we count usurpers?

[@akdele5]

forgot moscow and saint petersburg

[@seedo201]

love your video and very good deep research

[@denizthemenace2000]

I was born in istanbul and now i live in italy.

[@Michael_the_Drunkard]

Intredasting

[@shafiqulislam-zr4ng]

Very very thanks!.

[@angelb.823]

Imagine a present day Latin Rome or Greek Constantinople with the authority of the Roman Emperor and the reinstatement of the Senate. They would have been among the old forms of government that would function to this day.

[@GloryToTheUnitedStates6037]

There was once a dream that was Rome. You could only whisper it. Anything more than a whisper, and it would vanish. It was so fragile.

[@didonegiuliano3547]

we came close in WWII, but unfortunately Italy lost

[@TheDAWinz]

@@didonegiuliano3547 Italy would of needed to take the capital from Turkey and have the occupied romans in hellas and anatolia recognize him as legitimate, which is a fat chance.

[@Tortellobello45]

@@TheDAWinz that would be possible without the British, as an Italian am glad we lost

[@bluemachine1025]

@@didonegiuliano3547 America is the new Rome, the legacy lives on through America!!!!!

[@theromanorder]

Hey guys i think theres a bug going around were youtube doesn't show u all uploads and it unsubscribes you from channels i recommend double checking your inboxes and seeing if your subscribed to this great man!!!!

[@esti-od1mz]

No one is mentioning Syracuse? It was the capital of the Roman Empire for years

[@Michael_the_Drunkard]

He did. Watch the whole video man!

[@esti-od1mz]

@@Michael_the_Drunkard oops. Thanks for letting me know

[@slimebeingslimey8266]

Another stoopid American ​@@esti-od1mz

[@tylerfletcher1982]

Syracuse?

[@craigkdillon]

That was a delightful exposition of historical trivia. My favorite kind.

[@sulyvahn5017]

Great Video as always

[@gabeshaw3721]

Hate to be that guy but Istanbul? Til the ottomans fell circa ww1

[@b.s.1929]

You forgot to mention Serdica (modern day Sofia). It was a city of major importance in the early part of the 4th century. Emperor Galerius resided there in the last years of his life and issued the edict of Serdica in 311 (first document to stop the persecution of Christians). Later Constantine the Great spent a great deal of time there in the latter part of the 310s and early parts of the 320s, during his conflicts with Licinius (316-324). While it never became a residence like Milan or Nicomedia for example, it seems that he built a palace there (it is still not located or excavated though we need more of that in Sofia). Last but not least he toyed with the idea of making Serdica the new eastern capital, reportedly by sources saying "Serdica is my Rome!". Therefore, I think at least a mention at the end was needed. Bonus fact: a council of Serdica was held by Constantius II in order to resolve the Arian issue

[@jownbey]

then in 1492 a certain italian guy made a certain excursion...

[@unstoppable-ar3292]

why u speaking too fast brother. Trying to sleep to this documentary but can't due to ur fast talking.thanks nonetheless

[@RomabooRamblings]

Sorry, man. For you, I am going to make an ASMR video about the reign of Antoninus Pious someday.

[@ElSayyidCampeador]

Love your videos, can't wait to see this channel rise up in subs

[@numanbaran8607]

All insanely interesting thank you

[@robstone9628]

As a fellow romaboo do you have community?

[@RomabooRamblings]

what kind of community do you mean?

[@robstone9628]

@@RomabooRamblings a discord or something like that.

[@RomabooRamblings]

​@@robstone9628 I should create it. I even have a couple of ideas for community events. Once I get back on schedule with my videos and my job, I'm going to do it :D

[@robstone9628]

@@RomabooRamblings sounds great

[@mina7572]

ROMAN IS ALL CAPITALS

[@didonegiuliano3547]

I’m from Ravenna

[@MambisMind]

Does anyone know what Q.E. stands for at Asia Minor 7:31

[@RomabooRamblings]

Quaestura Exercitus

[@MambisMind]

@@RomabooRamblings I thank thee wholeheartedly

[@umkemesic]

Excellent video!

[@justins7796]

kinda ominous seeing Istanbul as when the party ended :'(

[@Michael_the_Drunkard]

You mean Constantinople. Not even the Ottomans called it "Istanbul", they called it Konstantinyye, which is the same city just in their language. Istanbul was derived from the misheard Greek phrase "εις την πολειν", meaning "into the city". That name was used only centuries after 1453.

[@ibrahimkalmati9379]

​@@Michael_the_Drunkard cities name change over time Istanbul has multiple name in past like byzantium, nova Roma and Constantinople. Its name now is Istanbul because what people call it that today

[@cerberus6654]

Excellent.

[@Testimony_Of_JTF]

Yo great video. Do you have any book recommendations? I'm trying to become a proper romeaboo. Cheers

[@RomabooRamblings]

sure, in which period are you most interested?

[@Testimony_Of_JTF]

@@RomabooRamblings Early to mid republic. Post Constantine too

[@RomabooRamblings]

@@Testimony_Of_JTF My favourite book on early Rome is Anthony Everitt's "The Rise of Rome: The Making of the World's Greatest Empire". It doesn't win any awards for following the latest research, but is a very lively reading with a lot of fun anecdotes. For the post-Constantine era I really liked "Empires and Barbarians: The Fall of Rome and the Birth of Europe" by Peter Heather. It starts with Julian.

[@Testimony_Of_JTF]

@@RomabooRamblings Thanks, have a nice day 👋

[@henkstersmacro-world]

👍👍👍

[@lars9063]

My man forgot Aachen

[@zacharyweiss7318]

You forgot to mention how Konstantiniyye remained the capital of the Empire until 1923 when Atatürk abolished it and created the Republic of Turkey.

[@thedukeofdeathpt6262]

What about Moscow (The Third Rome) ?

[@Old_Harry7]

The third Rome thing was a pretentious claim the Russians created after the fall of Costantinople since the Moscovytes shared with the Greeks the same branch of Christianity and the Rurikovic family, Russia's royal line, shared some blood with the Paleologos which were Byzantium last emperial dynasty. Romans themselves never pushed further than Dacia.

[@MasonGreenWeed]

@@Old_Harry7 Roman's vassal Regno Bosphorus was ruling across Azov coast

[@Old_Harry7]

@@MasonGreenWeed which can't be considered a russian state by any means.

[@bosniencommie1202]

Some turkish emperors clamed they onley userped rome and not destroyed it so ankara

[@johnmarck3240]

Vienna and Aachen: am I a joke to you?

[@toasterman5412]

Yes you are

[@MrPainisCupcake]

The text you put up is almost unreadable due to their backgrounds. You might want to use a blank image when you show text or give the text itself a stronger color and outline

[@RomabooRamblings]

Fair point