History of the Big Four - London and North Eastern Railway

Hello, and welcome to the finale of my four-part series on the Four Great Railways of Britain that existed between 1923 and 1948, the LMS, the LNER, the Great Western and the Southern, companies that were formed, and dissolved, through acts of Parliament to try and rationalise the 120 individual railway firms into something more manageable, but even though these operators only lasted a mere 25 years, during that time they left an indelible mark on the face of not only British railway history, but the art-deco culture of the period that continues to resonate globally even to this day.
Part 4 looks at the second largest of the firms, the London and North Eastern Railway or LNER, a company that, much like the LMS, spent much of its existence struggling to maintain a steady cash flow as various economic crises and its strong focus on freight conveyance meant it was often faced with the prospect of bankruptcy, though even with these troubling realities, the company was truly able to carve out a niche for itself as perhaps the most iconic of the Big Four railway firms, and indeed one of the most famous railway companies that ever existed, holding under its belt such legends of pop culture as the Flying Scotsman, Mallard, the Silver Jubilee and other such names that continue to resonate to this day as symbols of train travel's golden era.
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References:
A History of the LNER by Michael R. Bonavia (1984)
Railway Wonders of the World (and their respective sources)
Wikipedia (and its respective references)