Everything You Need to Know About Living on Mars

[@zatar123]

I think once we start colonizing Mars, the whole Don't Contaminate the Planet rule would have been pretty much tossed out the airlock.

[@craigb8228]

Dude, We shot Saturn with Platinum.

[@783342]

The 1% say when they get rid of the 7 billion they don't want on Earth, it will only take them 3 months to clean it all up.

[@dalehartley2821]

Yeah, people poop, wee, and are hosts for countless microbes. So the moment we start living there we will contaminate it. Plus, people living there would be far more interested in an environment that they can live in as naturally as possible than maintaining a planet sized museum/clean room.

[@nobody6032]

Unfortunately, some contamination will always occur.

[@nobody6032]

@@craigb8228 not to mention nuking the moon

[@AtomicFrontier]

Awesome! Just made a documentary on this topic but focussing on colonizing the caves. Nice video!

[@nobody6032]

Hey I've been watching your videos

[@creightonfreeman8059]

We are talking about terraforming Mars if people are going to colonize the place, so talking about "contamination" is kind of a mute point. We're going to need cyanobacteria, algae, lichens, and eventually higher plants living there to put oxygen into the atmosphere. In any case, if your definition of contamination is introducing earth life to the Mars environment then human being setting foot there is already "contamination".

[@AsphaltAntelope]

You mean a moo point. Like a cow's opinion. It just doesn't matter. It's moo.

[@cillamoke]

@@AsphaltAntelope moot

[@kennethirgendwas4616]

Its about not contaminating it until we are certain that there is no alien life and if there is to first preserve and study it

[@chadwickerman]

There's practically no EM field on Mars so any terraforming, if such a thing evr became feasible, would be a waste of time. Any atmosphere developed would be stripped away by solar winds like Mars' original atmosphere. Mars is a dead rock, not capable of ever supporting life. I wish people would just get over it.

[@kennethirgendwas4616]

@@chadwickerman *cough* putting a huge electro magnet at mars' l1 *cough*

[@unicornswag888]

Lots of iron? Could Martian mining operations provide enough iron to stock my home gym with barbell plates?

[@EricPrudhommeaux]

damned muscle-heads just don't take science seriously

[@PaleGhost69]

Aren't weights normally lead or sand?

[@MrRishik123]

gravity is lower on mars though, so the "weights" would feel lighter.

[@unicornswag888]

PaleGhost69 Do you even lift bro?

[@wikilcontainments]

I'm sure there is enough iron ore to produce lots of barbells. However a ten kilo barbell on Mars might be the size of a refrigerator. Weights would be replaced by resistance as far as fitness. Lead would be cool to find to shield a habitat from radiation. Gold would be better. Who knows? Their might be gobs of gold on Mars. Your barbells would be smaller that's for sure

[@thejesuschrist]

Merry Christmas!

[@massimookissed1023]

Happy birthday, dude.

[@elonmush4793]

Hey Jesus, so what do you think about living on Mars? Yay or nay?

[@chucknorris7934]

When we lived in mars I am there God

[@cantgetitupanymore3244]

@@JaxxVs excellent banter

[@ninoninoshvili5687]

You dont even exist lol

[@exoplanets]

A new SciShow Space video, the best gift we could have !

[@iloveplasticbottles]

Technically, the food and dead body problems solve each other... Hello, Wall-E.

[@steviebob4]

So you're telling me we can't just send Bear Grylls and let him figure it out...

[@crackpotpolitics5986]

(David Attenborough voice) The Martian soil and atmosphere are so toxic and nutrient poor, even Bear Grylls couldnt make a fair living for too long.

[@robbabcock_]

If there's a Holiday Inn on Mars Bear will find it.

[@ValensBellator]

There’s no bear poo to squeeze water out of, so he’d be in some serious trouble 😂

[@Sharpless2]

@@ValensBellator nah he would just drink his piss in a neverending cycle.

[@calska140]

No. Let's send him anyway though.

[@evaristegalois6282]

SciShow Space: *"Everything You Need to Know About Living on Mars"* *_Elon Musk is typing_*

[@smartass013]

Mars had have bee more recent then Billion years . that's more then enough time for the wind to blow it away and how much atmosphere is left.

[@Spacemarine658]

@@smartass013 wut..

[@Spacemarine658]

@@PistonAvatarGuy except that's an idea proposed by actual scientists they think it's not a great idea (ie radiation is bad) but it was something seriously considered as a way to speed terraform Mars

[@PistonAvatarGuy]

​@@Spacemarine658 Not all scientists have valid ideas. Not only would that require an absolutely enormous number of nuclear detonations, but there would be nothing to keep the poles from freezing again in short order. The increase in atmospheric density would also be negligible.

[@Spacemarine658]

@@PistonAvatarGuy it was a thought experiment from the cold war era they did a ton of crazy napkin ideas involving nukes never said they were practical and their idea was nuke the whole cap and melt it all at once to try and thicken the atmo

[@storm14k]

I like these compilation videos that give you a full view of a subject. You all should make them a separate series/playlist and keep them coming.

[@hotdrippyglass]

Happy Holidays my friends. And Thank You for all the work your crew does to educate us and keep knowledge flowing from those that can find out to those that want to know but don't have the resources to find out.

[@Arikki1]

"The crypt of the First Martians" would be a great location in a scifi movie.

[@cherrydragon3120]

Thats just fucked up... you don't make movies in burial places

[@matthijskrans]

@@cherrydragon3120 indeed just ask Indiana jones or tomb raider or mummy and the countless horror movies set in graveyards

[@Marvinfj32]

Oh the fun Vincent Price, Bella Lugosi, Boris Karloff, and you can't leave out Mel Brooks could have had there???

[@brandonb3279]

Wow, absolutely fantastic! This is easily the best all-round exploration of the challenges humanity faces with our various plans and dreams for colonising Mars. Obviously, being SciShow, it's firmly grounded in reality based on established science and the best available research. But ontop of that it encompassed a surprisingly broad range of possible problems and solutions (considering the relatively short run-time of the video). You really pack so much information into such a dense yet easily digestible and enjoyable format! The focus on science and viable engineering is especially refreshing, given that when it comes to this topic, so many otherwise level-headed people seem to lose their grip on reality; often including those involved in the most serious attempts to colonise mars, and occasionally even scientists and engineers! Particularly I like that you managed to clearly outline how far we still need to progress, whilst still managing to keep a relatively optimistic tone about the whole endeavour. Well done and thank you all for all your hard work, I hope that you continue to find success and fulfilment in entertaining and enlightening the world far into the future!

[@peterstreet9893]

P

[@brandonb3279]

@@peterstreet9893 Q

[@Beryllahawk]

What a wonderful Christmas gift

[@GabrielGarcia-wg3iq]

someones got as crush xoxo ;)

[@dennislooney4428]

I love this channel, I've always absolutely loved astronomy. I love watching vids that teach me about space, there isn't too many documentaries here on KZbin that I haven't seen. All my life I've wanted to be an astronaut, but I'm not smart enough. That's why I'm a truck driver lol. Keep the awesome content coming scishow!!!

[@paulwalsh2344]

I wish I could be a truck driver...

[@dennislooney4428]

@@paulwalsh2344 u can, I have a felony that's 9 years old and I still got hired.

[@dennislooney4428]

@Tychus Findlay lol that'd be awesome!

[@davidbeppler3032]

@@dennislooney4428 They will need truck drivers too. Ever consider piloting a space ship? Long hours, infrequent breaks, cramped spaces, bad smells... you have all the real world experience!

[@dennislooney4428]

@@davidbeppler3032 that's a big 10/4!!!

[@sugandanataatmaja3331]

Very good explanation for Planet Mars Progressing

[@Skud0rz]

16:44 introduce Lycans? I don't want no werewolves on mars

[@feynstein1004]

lmao mate

[@yurisucupira]

See how lucky we are for having planet Earth to live on?

[@reallifechangingtruth7679]

Greetings. Exactly right! Except it isn't luck. 9-11-20 @ 10:51 P.M. Oregon Time.

[@Ayveh]

Very!

[@SpazzyMcGee1337]

Earth is great, so let's make another.

[@Darth_Revan25]

And yet we're just ruining it so badly everyday.

[@joemccallum710]

i live on earth....worms live in it...

[@Kessoku]

MARS: We need a massive global warming effect. HUMAN: Hold my beer. 🍺😏

[@brianstabile165]

Alfi Aflahal Muflih opey:help me I want nasa and mommy please help Ever body 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭 or die

[@brianstabile165]

Alfi Aflahal Muflih plant 20 million trees

[@danielcowan87]

@@brianstabile165 wtf are u ok

[@FormedUnique]

The global warming on earth is massively over exaggerated. The earth isnt supposed to have permafrost at its poles 12 months out of the year, we are technically in an ice age and the earth is in a natural cycle of heating back up. Yes the glaciers will melt.....that is because they are supposed to. Its called the milankovitch cycle. Now yes we are putting large amounts of co2 in our planet that is speeding things up and is not healthy; however, this is not the reason the earths glaciers are melting nor is it the main reason earth is heating up. You should study the milankovitch cycle its actually very interesting.

[@unilockcosmith4397]

Eat lots of beans and the methane will help! Fart, Fart and more farting. Lots of good lima beans.

[@solidnollid2932]

Rule 1: be a botanist, an engineer, and have a gallows sense of humor

[@freakdub6649]

and listen to disco!

[@goober7535]

@@freakdub6649 and figure out how to survive planet encompassing, months long dust storms.... along with an inhuman ability to sustain radiation without developing cancers... and figure out how to farm using soil that is irradiated and free of nutrients (no, human poo wont help you grow spuds... that was fiction)... and figure out how to breathe without an atmosphere... so sure... a bachelors in engineering should do it! :P

[@freakdub6649]

@@goober7535 well that too

[@brucemckay6937]

@@freakdub6649, I get the Joke. Happy Nude Year Too All Art Lovers. Regards Bruce McKay 🇦🇺🙃.

[@davidbeppler3032]

​@@goober7535 Um... a bachelors in engineering would allow you to dig 30 feet underground with the proper equipment that you bring with you, seal the tunnel, compress the air, connect the power lines, turn on the scrubbers, build the work stations, set up the lighting, and grow the food. Yes, a bachelors should do it. Thanks.

[@friedchickenUSA]

"Hank and Reed have already talked a little about all the things you would need to keep people _alive_ on Mars, but how do you keep them dead?"

[@WormholeJim]

You heed the warnings and don't go ahead and build that teleporter-device anyway.

[@somniloquist12]

I would watch that movie.

[@bandaidcheerios2309]

night of the living aylmaos

[@AramatiPaz]

Is that a Doctor Who episode?

[@Bootes_Void]

I don’t understand why scientists are so worried about contaminating other planets? That’s inevitable unless you just don’t explore space. Maybe contaminating a planet will make it habitable for us.

[@jparky1972]

Merry Christmas and Happy new year Sci show Space. ☺ Thank you for educating me this year. ☺

[@rogerhinman5427]

We're planning on terraforming Mars for human habitation and consider bacteria to ingest the soil's toxic perchlorates as an unacceptable invasive species. Hmm...but how would we not be as well?

[@chronosschiron]

no she said that a due to a treaty UN or govt agencies cant do it, loophole is that ther eis nothign stopping you, me , or a private company from doing so. HINT HINT

[@rogerhinman5427]

@@chronosschiron I was referring to Reed's earlier comment not her later one about the UN.

[@talltroll7092]

@@rogerhinman5427 An engineered perchlorate eating bacterium could be engineered to also have a limited number of reproduction cycles and/or a critical vulnerability to a human safe chemical agent. Ultimately, if we are going to live anywhere but Earth and space stations, we need to get rid of the "no bio-contamination" thing, but we need to know a lot more about how genetics works, and how organisms from different biospheres interact first. Right now, it is exactly the right policy. Once we have some idea what we are doing, it can be revisited

[@FormedUnique]

We can control human contamination and can tell if a human came from earth....not so much from bacteria

[@mcockerham2003]

@@chronosschiron seriously. I cannot believe for a second that other countries, governments, corporations, etc. would have the same squeamish attitudes about wholesale plunder of other planets.

[@jeffharmed1616]

Thanks for all the research on mars habitation. While watching the video I developed the idea that terraforming was not the way to go, rather it might be better to develop spacesuits as in the movie “Predator”. Spacesuits that work like endoliths. So humans could theoretically move around in any environment.

[@Dinjur]

*space suit decompresses and kills you, dying alone on the Martian surface* UN: Wait, that's illegal...

[@worldmadebyphysics8622]

What would be even more awesome is when we start digging and hopefully finding some form of life living within those conditions. Would be pure epic.

[@blobviss-3367]

Planetcore idea: drilling down into the solid metal core (pressure/gravity problem at centre should be looked at). Then placing nukes (should be low radiation nukes and pressure resistant shells etc) inside the iron core and sealing everything back up with the same materials. Then set off the nukes which energy and heat would be transfered right into the core with nowhere else to go. As it expands when it gets hotter and has nowhere else to go this would probably liquifiy the core (could calculate what presureequilibrium the iron would be liquid and mine out a ring arround the core so it doesnt explode the whole planet). Mars having a liquid iron core would probably kickstart the magnetic field like a heartpatient receives shocks to revive them. Lmk what you think.

[@manfromnantucket9544]

So you've seen The Core huh?

[@arvelcrynyd6311]

Impossible. The pressure would be too much for one and the idea that a few nukes could liquefy the core of a planet is pretty far fetched. How would it maintain a liquid state for any considerable amount of time without plate tectonics or some kind of friction anyway? No, sorry, terraforming Mars will happen when pigs grow wings and fly outta my butt. We need REAL solutions for Martian habitability being researched right now.

[@brandonjones5558]

Scientists: “We need to find a way to quickly force global warming on Mars!!” China: *Heavy Breathing*

[@scotthenrie5674]

Someone that actually knows what's going on, also India and Japan. With CO2 emissions in 2017 (not sure if data with 2018 is available yet) China was #1, India #3, Japan #6 (I think). bp.com/statisticalreview

[@Prosper_Dean]

@@scotthenrie5674 you should look at their emissions per capita. you should also look at their total emissions compared to other nations. China has nearly reached equilibrium with the west's levels of industrialization. China has done this in 40 years compared to 200 years of continuous industrialization for western europe and united states.

[@Prosper_Dean]

@@scotthenrie5674 also many "3rd world countries" create great portions of their emissions, while doing the dirty work of wealthy nations. Looking at only the data you provided to create a negative image of china, india, Japan, africa etc, is doing yourself a disservice.

[@harrythebait9793]

Thank you, I just cancelled the up coming field trip to mars next week.

[@kylekirkparick426]

I like hearing information that I can take in audibly while I fall asleep. But I like her face, her hair, her tone, and the general way that she speaks. I would watch her speak, more so than I could fall asleep while listening. Basically, she's keeping me awake at night, with her bouncing curles and her cute smile. I just kinda wanna watch her, while I am super addicted to listening to this channel to fall asleep. It's not that I'm not listening, I just like visualizing mentally. I am weird. Lbs. Also, chase or Jace is my favorite. I cannot remember his name specifically, but I also like his face and hair oddly enough. More importantly, I like his voice more than anyone else's. It's soothing, and not staccato. It's vivid but not lingering, it has depth but not specific intent. I like that you have multiple people hosting, but I have a favorite or two. Keep with the different people and I'll listen forever, just dont ever leave my favorites behind, please. Love you guys. Seriously, I fall asleep to videos that I've seen more often than I simply just fall asleep. Never stop, and I'll always watch, just keep the good people.

[@kylekirkparick426]

#Liked

[@thelastcube.]

Now I want an episode on Everything I need to know about pooping in mars

[@flyingdog1498]

Are there Poop eating bacteria on Mars?

[@damonedwards1544]

@@flyingdog1498 Poop comes with bacteria preinstalled.

[@solanumtinkr8280]

That old treaty was written to protect science experiments. Once the colonists move in, it's Game Over for it on Mars. Creating a perfect system would make the colony prohibitively expensive and contamination is going to happen anyway. And the other parts of the treaty would make even going there a violation, as nothing can be claimed, etc etc etc. It was a good stop gap, but once industry and colonists venture into space, the game changes. When is the last time you saw a flagman in front of a car? Still supposedly needs to be done... Scientists need to get their work done fast, the Earth Biome is coming for Mars. As I said, the treaty was a stop gap to avoid a nuclear war and space race.

[@talltroll7092]

Until we have MUCH better data on how mixing the DNA from Earth and any Martian life (assuming it uses DNA or something very similar enough - a good bet, but still not known either way), it's a good standard to have. It would be ironic if our desperate attempts to escape the one-planet trap became what ultimately wiped us out. Since it would provide a depressing plausible resolution to the Fermi Paradox, perhaps it would be better to be careful, for once

[@solanumtinkr8280]

​@@talltroll7092 The Fermi Paradox? Let's go there then. Back when SETI searched the skies and found no one calling, back when no Dyson Swarms were detected, it was called a Paradox, as they shoulld be easily visible! Today they maintain the same assumptions based on the same techniques that were used. even with the effectiveness of the equipment taken into account. So came "It's not aliens as it is NEVER aliens!" And "Hur dur where's the ray gun? Hahaha!" even though ray guns, radiant gun, aka LASERS had been around for decades. Then there is the SETI search from back then, which appears now to have targeted the wrong star types and searched very limited frequencies, on the assumption that a stars worth of energy would be what any civilisation would pump into an omnidirectional signal so some one might hear them. And the range, sensitivity and resolution of the equipment at the time, was laughable. Even today we'd be lucky to pick up our own transmissions from mere double digit light years away. Today's equipment IS getting better by a few orders of magnitude, but not enough to scour the whole galaxy, let alone the ENTIRE universe, though that may change soon. Even that you need to collect massive amounts of data and be able to sort through it for that needle in a hay stack, when both are made of straw. Those scientist can do wonderful things with what they have, but the equipment is not a magic wand. And if Dyson Spheres are in any way not viable, then the paradox vanishes entirely. As it would if there are any way to deal with heat generation for doing work, maybe that is not the lowest possible state, then the "we could see it acorss the universe!" argument collapses. As for an alien space bug devouring all before it like some kind of grey goo, it is very unlikely it would have the tools to jump to any Earth speices, let alone target humans. If it was that easy, there would be no life on Earth. I will admit that there has been some interaction between the organisms, like mitochondria and even our memory transcribing now seems to have incorporated a viral mechanism, weird, right? All I am saying here, is there is a difference between taking precautions and being paranoid. And having everything 'scientifically clean' is now suggested to actually bad for our immune system. The suggestion being that it then over reacts to what is normally harmless, due to the environment being too sterile... The research is on going and this is a very complicated issue to try and cram into a single post :P

[@gregorymalchuk272]

@@talltroll7092 Obiously, we would need to do a lot more investigation to determine if Mars is sterile. But if it is, then colonization would pose no ethical challenge. Interestingly, it may take the first steps of transforming, heating the planet, vaporizing the dry ice and melting the subsurface water before the dormant or hidden Mars life would become visible.

[@anthonyromasco3528]

But perchlorates give off oxygen when burned, and become chlorides in the process. We have all the oxygen we need! (7atoms of oxygen per molecule)

[@emmawatson9180]

Ultracrepidarian is the word you're looking for.

[@anthonyromasco3528]

@ShoeUnited Too bad.... The navy has been using lithium perchlorate and calcium perchlorate as emergency oxygen supplies for decades now. Ultracrepidarian used to vituparate.... Good luck with those student loan debts. Most of the chemistry degree holders I know work retail.

[@anthonyromasco3528]

@ShoeUnited Never said it would serve as a sole oxygen supply. You simply didn't cover all the uses in your chemistry class, and my chemistry teacher DID. As to your compulsion toward intellectual onanism via pissy comments, it's sad. Have a good life, and here's your participation trophy. Grown ups don't have time to waste on meritricious internet debates. Goidbye, Shoe. Get therapy

[@shawnwales696]

Oxygen's not the problem, it's the lack of nitrogen. Mars has virtually none. It's 70% of Earths atmosphere. You'll need a lot of it to increase the atmospheric pressure so we can breathe.

[@BrusselsInBelgium]

30 minute video about Mars, this is going to be so much fun.

[@pnumekin3642]

We just have to warp Mars in earth close orbit inside the magnetosphere. Tides on earth will be crazy but who cares, we have plenty of humans to spare and the view would be worth it.

[@thekaxmax]

Have you seen how much energy is involved in changing orbits??

[@JeremyWS]

Merry Xmas and a Happy New Year. What about a calendar? How would you time be tracked on Mars? Would the calendar have 12 very long months, 24 short months, or 22 normal-length months? Would the base unit of the calendar be an earth solar day or a Martian solar day? So many questions. Please answer them. Have a nice day/night.

[@corporalclegg5057]

batmanfanforever08 Mars runs on 24 hours exactly. Their year is equal to 2 earth years, so basically it's our standard time format of 24 hours, it's just the year is twice as longer. Quit overthinking it...

[@JeremyWS]

@@corporalclegg5057 :: Actually, a Martian solar day is exactly 24 hours 39 minutes 35.244 seconds long with a tropical year length of exactly 686.98 Earth-days long. If equate that to Martian solar days, you wind up with a year length of exactly 668.592 Martian solar days. This means you would need a calendar of 22 months long with each moth being about 30--31 Martian solar days long (one month on the calendar would have to be only 28--29 Martian solar days long, 10 months with 31 Martian solar days each, and the remaining 11 months with 30 Martian solar days each). It would have to have a leap year that occurs every odd numbered year and every 10 years, omitted on centurial years (except when those centurial years are evenly divisible by 500). This makes it to where in a period of 500 Martian years the 669-Martian-solar-day calendar would occur 296 times, whereas the 668-Martian-solar-day calendar would occur 204 times. So the 669-Martian-solar-day calendar would become known as a common year and the 668-Martian-solar-day calendar would become known as an uncommon year. So overthought it, I very much have. lol

[@UpcycleElectronics]

Hey SciShow thanks for another year of interesting. I have a year end challenge for you in the future. Do a compilation of uploads about science that has changed since y'all uploaded them originally. It would be both interesting to know what has changed and a good long term reminiscent affair. That's a lot of work to do at this point this year but it's just an idea and a way to address and monetize past uploads that are rather dysfunctional, assuming you still have them archived. Of course this would take more writing, recording, and editing than most of your other compilations, but it would also serve as an effective public redaction and way to limit any potential spread of misinformation. That would be a nice thing for an end of year review ;) I hope everyone at SciShow is enjoying some much deserved time off. I know it's challenging to squeeze out the time with a schedule like you guys keep. Happy Holidays -Jake

[@limiv5272]

Good idea!

[@Darkstar.....]

Im just sayin. 17:40 microwaves are real good at heating up my pie very unevenly. Does it heat up tue outside or the core first. Which cooking method cooks inside out first. Was it oil injection. Kfc was doing some dodgy stuff with there chickens.

[@neskey]

7 mars aliens disliked this video in hope that they will cancel the mission to mars and they won't be discovered and experimented on

[@joshglover2370]

It's their planet, WE are the aliens! If we find living beings on Mars, I hope we treat them right... 😞

If Eathman think him going to take Redman's Planet...him big heap mistaken!

[@volkhen0]

I would recommend building a self sustainable colony in the middle of sahara desert first. It’s much easier and we could learn a lot.

[@ArtofLunatik]

Mariusz Kozłowski they cant even do it on antartica . It still needs to be resupplied

[@pobembe1958]

Thought the same way, then I realized that even the sahara lies in somebody's country/countries border. Good way to start another war. Well guess they could be bribed.

[@Master_Therion]

Be a potato farmer. It worked for Mark Watney.

[@Capnarchie]

You need to have a degree in botany first to farm potatoes

[@guifrakss]

Good joke, very original

[@chronosschiron]

move to potato HO , the planet of potatosssss

[@valtur25]

@@Capnarchie if potatoes would be flowers... graduating as farmer gives better knowledge of growing potatoes than as botanist

[@Capnarchie]

@@valtur25 it's a joke in the movie damnit he has a degree in botany

[@MatejB69]

Thanks, I'm moving there next week.

[@pumpuppthevolume]

got it.... living underground and basically almost never get out

[@thekaxmax]

So, a normal population of geeks

[@pumpuppthevolume]

@@thekaxmax also...... mole people

[@davidbeppler3032]

@@pumpuppthevolume but mainly geeks.

[@lordgarion514]

We'll just have to switch over to being active at night, so when we need to go outside, the sun won't be blasting us with radiation.

[@pumpuppthevolume]

@@lordgarion514 won't be enough.... but might help a bit ....it will be underground pressurized compound going outside just for repairs and necessity

[@Arcsecant]

I would love to see this treatment explaining how difficult it is to discover the New World.

[@tophers3756]

Gee, given how practically everything about Mars is hostile to life it's almost as if we should be concentrating on preserving and maintaining this wonderful planet we're fortunate to have. 🌏

[@chronosschiron]

and then a 100 KM asteroid hits earth and were all gone .....happens about every 100-150 million years

[@amelian9677]

👏🏼

[@PistonAvatarGuy]

@@chronosschiron Billions would die, but, as a species, we could easily survive an impact like that. It would also be much, MUCH easier to survive on post-impact Earth than it would ever be to survive on Mars.

[@PistonAvatarGuy]

@@kevin4gwen "because planets can easily be destroyed" No, they can't be. Earth is 4.5 BILLION years old, what makes you think that it's going anywhere anytime soon? Nuclear power is the only thing that can save us from global warming, it's the best source of energy that we have!

[@kedarmantri4860]

To Topher - we are doing that, Meanwhile we are running out of space to live here - atleast in India we are. So by 3018 colonizing other planets will be thought about.

[@Windupmykilt]

The crazy idea of building an artificial moon that's a composite of asteroids to orbit and tidally kickstart Mars' core back into a dynamo to recreate its magnetosphere is pretty cool and doesn't require any extreme fringe physics to make work. Depending on your power source, the asteroid you go and pick up could provide the fuel!

[@connorvaughn6460]

I'm honestly surprised humans haven't discovered faster than light travel yet, or artificial gravity. Its probably one of those things that's so easy to do, but everyone overthinks it.

[@justinernest2363]

If it were so easy, it would have been done. Just because the theory is easy to understand, it doesn't mean the engineering has to conform...

[@Ummabdelmalik]

If it’s so easy, why didnt you do it then.

[@thefrostbite]

This is the stupidest comment I've ever read in any comments section of any platform. Yeah buddy, astrophysicists are probably overthinking it, the dummies.

[@brian554xx]

That was an exceptionally smooth compilation!

[@BladeScraper]

I don't need to know anything. There's demons there. Not going there anytime soon. #DOOM

[@moosemaimer]

At least someone was kind enough to leave shotgun shells lying around. Right?

[@Windupmykilt]

@BladeScraper - Rip and Tear.....Until it is Done!!! :D

[@luciferangelica]

not as many demons as on earth

[@scotthenrie5674]

There are*

[@scotthenrie5674]

@@luciferangelica spay and neuter your pet cats!

[@josephgriffin2054]

To melt the core you could try making it spin an let the friction heat up and melt the core or I saw a video of magnets somehow melting a spinning magnet

[@solanumtinkr8280]

What kind of ....sigh.... Who says you cannot contaminate any where then goes on to talk about Earth 2.0? The positions are mutually exclusive and incompatible.

[@screamingcactus1753]

The point isn't to never introduce life from Earth to Mars. It's to make damn sure we know what we're doing before we start messing with it, and to not touch it before then. Out of all the interstellar bodies in our solar system, there are only around half a dozen that even have the potential to support Earth-like life, and we don't want to screw up and ruin one of our only chances. At least, that's what I thought that meant.

[@bengoodwin2141]

Solanumtinkr international laws say you can’t contaminate anywhere, but people don’t care as much about those laws now

[@kaelanirevyruun1676]

Solanumtinkr the specification is CONTAMINATE any other planetary bodies. However, if we’re preparing to COLONISE another planet, the laws would most likely be removed for that specific planet.

[@lordgarion514]

@@kaelanirevyruun1676 Other than not wanting to contaminate because it might make it harder for you to find out if life existed there on its own, it's absolutely silly to care if a planet that absolutely can't have advanced life gets contaminated. I say we send a Rover with the ability to drill down at least 6 feet. And if no life is found in a few dozen places, declare the planet dead and let's get on with it. And if we do find life, take samples, and then screw it let's get on with it.

[@solanumtinkr8280]

​@@screamingcactus1753 In order to create Earth 2.0, you need the Biome. Plus bacteria and Viruses can be hardy little gits and survive the kind of conditions for sterilising that would kill off the entire colony in short order. Heck, there is a fungus in the same room as Chernobyl's 'Elephant's Foot' (the melted reactor core), everything should die considering the amount of gamma radiation being emitted. But this stuff has as much melanin in it's cells as is possible and still function... and then uses the gamma radiation for photosynthesis... Try and tell me that is NOT hardcore. So I wil repeat, te two positions are mutually exclusive and incompatible. It was a treaty only designed with only science and the search for life in mind.

[@aidincrown]

Just theoretically is it possible to beam some sort of low frequency radio waves from the surface from many different locations and focus them toward the center to warm the core?

[@bamdadkhan]

am i the only one who thinks of isaac arthur saying 'maows' when i hear the planet's name this many times? : )

[@SobeCrunkMonster]

We wiwoo exploe mouse

[@feynstein1004]

lmao mate

[@ReginaldCarey]

Re: heating core of Mars. Use sonics. Find the resonant frequency of Mars core and start adding energy to boost amplitude of vibrations resulting in friction and heat. Power it by beaming power from space based solar collectors. Might require tech of brobdingnagian scale.

[@TheNipSnipper]

Everytime they say Mars, take a swig. You'll be smashed.

[@mystomachhurt9312]

Scishow can you please explain why things in the world spinning? Any reason for angular momentum and such? I really want to know. Thanks

[@franticranter]

Mars: it's free real estate

[@edthoreum7625]

+low atmospheric PrEsSuRe...

[@myriaddsystems]

Uncle Sam's on Mars...

[@myriaddsystems]

A classic Hawkwind track. Dated but still good....

[@SureshSuresh-xq1sk]

Mars, answer, in, following

[@roberthouston8463]

You now know 👏👋

[@leocornett7707]

What is the pressure at the bottom of the canyon

[@stevenwilson5556]

"violating international law" … like international law is relevant on another planet.

[@VicInvades]

That's basically saying you don't want to come back. Especally if theres an emergency lmao They'll leave that ass stranded.

[@metcas]

It's more a case of cooperation at that point.

[@amirabudubai2279]

@@VicInvades Nobody plans on enforcing those laws. If you actually read them, they aren't even real laws, rather they are principles; one of them is "astronauts shall be regarded as the envoys of mankind." Moot point anyways, as the example she gave isn't a violation. It simply calls that states "avoid harmful contamination." Contamination itself isn't included, and I think plenty of people would agree that making the planet less deadly isn't "harmful."

[@atl5305]

We don't have to try and restart the core; we can recreate a magnetosphere locally, on the ground or with satellites in space. On the ground we could terraform a local environment. We could use an EM field generator to protect the area from charged particles, and factories whose sole job is to perfect the chemistry of the local area. Physical barriers could also keep the modified environment from escaping into the rest of the atmosphere. In space we could use the same EM field generators on satellites. A constellation of these satellites could be designed to act as a pseudo-magnetosphere to keep charged solar particles out and the newly terra-formed atmosphere in.

[@corporalclegg5057]

ATL530 thank god I found someone smart in this comments section, there are a lot of dumbshit libtards that don't know anything about space exploration or nasa in this comments section. Good luck in your near future and please teach some of these people to use common sense, please!

[@deanwalker5367]

I liked the videos for the most part but there were some silly statements made. Apart from the unfortunate irrational "we should not colonize or contaminate Mars..." arguments (see other comments where this is debated below @Solanumtinkr); saying that we could inadvertently introduce a micro life form onto the planet that will then become some kind of super bug because it could develop resistance to UVC, I find somewhat silly. The statement seems to forget how evolution works. Life adapts to the environment. If that (extremely unlikely) life form developed UVC resistance, that is only one adaption. It would not give it an advantage in another environment eg Earth which is not affected by UVC (to as great an extent). So it would be a meaningless adaptation if it arrived back on Earth etc... I doubt if any people, on Mars or Earth, infected with a life-form that has a UVC resistant bug are going to ask for the UVC radiation treatment. Dr Smith- "My usual treatment of zapping patients with harmful UVC light isn't working with you sorry...I'm afraid it must be a super bug." One could say the life forms that live by the thermal vent in ocean trenches here on Earth are super bugs otherwise, yet I don't see them taking over the rest of the planet.

[@wellMynameisJacob]

Dude, I thought the exact same thing! Also, it would be unlikely to spread throughout mars because there is not food or habitat for it, so it would just stay in the body until it ate everything and then starve to death or hibernate.

[@anitabressanthefelinealpha7377]

Question: don't you think that creating a magnetic filed on Mars would have domino effects on other parts of the solar system?

[@jacksonthesyndicalist2771]

Just put a space station that matches Mars’ orbit and stays between Earth and Mars. Have this space station use electromagnets powered by solar panels to create a magnetic field. While this field would be small around the station it’s magnetic “shadow” would shield Mars from harmful solar radiation. This station would have to constantly stay in place and would have an extremely high upkeep but would be worth it to prevent cancer and the stripping of an atmosphere on Mars.

[@massimookissed1023]

Kinda hard to stay between Earth & Mars, as they orbit the sun at about 2:1 rate. You'd be better off just not living on Mars at all. A spinning space station would let you tailor atmosphere & G to whatever you wanted. And has the extra advantage of not being yet another gravitational well.

[@jacksonthesyndicalist2771]

Massimo O'Kissed if we don’t start living on other places besides earth our extinction as a species isn’t a matter of if but when.

[@agsystems8220]

@@jacksonthesyndicalist2771 He never said not to leave, just not going down to Mars. If we are going to build a giant space station to host a magnetic shield, why not just stay on the space station? It is like breaking out of a prison cell only to lock yourself in a different cell.

[@talltroll7092]

Firstly, I doubt such an orbit is possible without an insane dV budget, and secondly, the sat needs to be constantly between Mars and the Sun, where solar wind come from. Fortunately, such an orbit already exists, the Lagrange 1 point. A giant magnet placed there would be able to steer the worst of the charged particles away, but would do nothing for the UV. Still, it's a start, it would making building the atmosphere that *would* solve the UV problem a lot easier

[@kennethirgendwas4616]

You guys know what a lagrange point is right?

[@hoangtrunganh]

29 mins of scishow space, awesomeeee

[@NewMessage]

But.. does Santa deliver there? No?... Then no deal.

[@squirreland]

New Message ... I mean... he works hard enough as it is... doncha think?

[@crazydingo3]

New idea. Tell kids that Santa is an AI in a robotic shell capable of interplanetary travel. Then explain that Christmas comes at different times on each of those planets have years of different lengths.

[@crazydingo3]

Mecha Santa.

[@HyperionaSilverleaf]

Santa vs The Martians is a lousy movie, but great for MST3K.

[@savodoom3175]

20°c is a lovely hot summer's day here in Ireland

[@bruceliu1657]

Mars needs a larger moon. My assumption is that because the earth is the only planet that has a moon 1/4 the mass of itself. The tidal forces keeps the core melted.

[@mnrvaprjct]

Bruce Liu that’d be incredibly interesting if true

[@bruceliu1657]

@@mnrvaprjct It is only a hypothesis at the moment.

[@holasnic3937]

I was honestly thinking the same thing. Do you think it would be impossible to push a big enough protoplanet in orbit around Mars to possibly cause enough friction to reheat its core?

[@holasnic3937]

Maybe a collection of a protomoon and a meteor to the poles? Hell the field generator didn’t sound like a complete bad idea either

[@AtomicFrontier]

Nice theory! Actually though, the main reason is because of the different sizes. The larger Earth is able to store heat for longer - just like a big vs small cookie. I actually just made a video on the topic over on my channel if you're interrested (Part 1 of Martian Caves).

[@justinbellotti7838]

What's the difference between vaporizing and boiling?

[@1234kalmar]

"Capturing Asteroids and propelling them with rocket engines." **WAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGHHHHh!!!*

[@mauricioabyara4171]

I'm from Brazil, and I'll give my opinion about the video and Mars itself. The video was very good under the theme on which it was based. About terraforming Mars: Even by creating a magnetic field under the planet it would still be too weak to contain a thick atmosphere in the long run because its mass is very low. The planet itself does not orbit any gas giant either, if it orbits Jupiter or another gas giant of our Solar System the tidal forces of the gravitational friction between the gas planet and it would help to keep at least the mantle convectively warm through gravitational tidal forces beneath the interior of the planet which would force a significant magnetic field on Mars, Saturn's Moon Titan has a very thick atmosphere because it has a significant magnetic field and also because it is farther away from charged particles than the sun emanates thereby preserving its atmosphere although titan still has a mass much lower than Mars. We could choose to drag some planetoid equal to Ceres from the belt of asteroids to orbit Mars thus creating a powerful dynamo under the planet, then we would have to build an immense protective shield that would orbiter Mars and that would block most of the charged particles emanating from the Sun and fall on the planet and because of its low gravity so even with magnetic field would still drag the atmosphere more slowly into space, then a planetary shield would solve a lot in this matter, looking at this side Mars seems to be a very delicate world to create an atmosphere. Perhaps closed cities underground and on the surface built with the resources of Mars would be much more advantageous, much of the planet would still be uninhabitable, but we could choose to transform 300,000 KM² of Mars surface into solar farms while living space could be 10 thousand KM², we could store the solar energy in silicon tanks that could then store the energy for up to a few days thermally in case a dust storm happened that covered the planet a day thus ending with the source of solar energy by this time, another way of storing solar energy would be in mega graphene batteries that could take up to 2 years to run out, thus keeping a safe energy stock under the planet's climate. One point to be quoted missing in the video is that NASA personnel already have a portable power plant that does not need plutonium to produce energy on Mars without the need for the Sun, it was introduced until some time ago and is called KiloPower works with uranium-235, the largest kiloPower class reactor will have a fissionable core of 43 KG uranium-235 and would weigh around 226 to 300 KG and 43 kWt of energy steadily for more than 1 decade with power decreasing every decade 2 such reactors would be enough to establish a human group on Mars safely and certainly with that there would be good energy provided for 40 years in a row, long enough to build the solar farm structure on Mars and the technology to store energy collected by the Sun when dust dominates the planet. Mars also appears to have thorium deposits according to NASA space probe analysis, when the thorium-borne breeding reactors become operational it would be interesting to find some thorium deposit on Mars to produce energy with it. Terraforming Venus and creating a magnetic field under it would be much easier than on Mars when we have the technology to extract heavy elements from our own Sun, as shown in video on the Isaac Arthur channel, Venus has mass almost equal to Earth , and even if we did not use the planet for housing it would still be interesting to use it to mine its vast natural resources that it potentially possesses. The planet for being massive can trap its atmosphere naturally, so we would not need to create a magnetic field on Venus, but create a shield that blocks the sunlight from the Sun and then cools the planet and terraform it to our taste. beyondnerva.com/2018/05/02/krusty-we-have-fission-kilopower-part-iii/ 10 thousand KM² of living space on Mars in enclosed spaces, would be enough to keep some habitats equal to those on Earth, depending on the power we are generating for it. In addition this space would be enough to keep more than 2 million beings quietly. It is the same as what we see in potential colonization of Jupiter's Moons: Europe, Callisto, and Ganymede, we would not terraform these moons instead construct immense cities sealed by feet of shielding thickness beneath the surface or below the surface, while within these places we might have breathable atmosphere, farms, space for habitats and also entire forests if we wished, while Venus would be the only planet in the Solar System that would really terraform because of its characteristics. When you have the means to store solar energy in batteries that can last for weeks or even more than 1 year on end, you have nuclear fission from thorium and uranium-238 through breeding reactors and you have the coveted nuclear fusion, the sky is no longer the limit.

[@DarthMalgusSith_Lord]

dude Venus doesn't even have a Magnetic Field, its days is longer than its years, its rotation is counter-clockwise, it have a very slow rotation, the core of Venus have already cool down due to the slow rotation of the planet, also Venus doesn't have a natural satellite like Earth has.

[@osmosisjones4912]

one way to protect a ship from Radiation is its own radiation. electrical feild . and sits on walls to reflect electrical out ward

[@chronosschiron]

radiation can pass thorugh stuff and be absorbed and re radiate out thats why very very dense materials can slow that to where it less harmfula nd stll have hydrogen water stuff that really absorbs stuff...see how nuke plants actually cool and stop radiation and how gold is one of the best radiaton shields

[@ZERO-th6dd]

Magnetic fields are not that hard to make in theory it could be done on a shuttle

[@jamesdyer2234]

I have a question. If we could divert Ceres (dwarf planet) into a Mars Lunar orbit could that create a magnetosphere with the tidal pull created on the planet?

[@jamiehay1027]

Roses are red Violets are blue I liked this video And so should you

[@hornetluca]

I think you'll lose your challenge

[@Tom-uv7ry]

Real wit

[@OneSon744]

Are ya all brothers and sisters up there in Montana?

[@aresmars2003]

Everything You Need to Know About Dying on Mars?

[@SkillandLuckCRAPS]

Published 12/25/2018. Is there an update to the captain obviousness of increasing Mars’ mass with the astroid belt? Is this the most realistic way to have Mars increase, and hold onto it’s atmosphere which is step 1?

[@jeffguevara5967]

Interesting video. It's a long shot. If we're able to overcome these technical obstacles and I believe they will. If and when they become self sustaining. Offsprings of offsprings of offsprings of settlers may no longer consider themselves Americans, German, Japanese or whatever. They might even call themselves Martians and may even develop their own language. Will they be allowed to establish their own autonomous goverment? It's not like we can actually stop it if they decided to do it. I know it sounds like science fiction but you never know what's around the corner until you actually make that turn. We may no longer be around when that happens, but still.

[@Wildestleaf]

i love these longer videos!

[@limiv5272]

You should say it's a compilation in the title. I was really disappointed when I realized this isn't new content ):

[@interestingplanets4476]

What if you try to use the compass to the mars. The earth has magnetic field so thats why the compass arrow always point at the north pole (correct me if im wrong)and the magnetic field creates a gravity. I want to know if the compass will work on mars because if there is a gravity there is a magnetic feild.

[@deftist]

Also, why not Bio engineering vs. Geo engineering? It can happen in far less time and we would have people on other planets much quicker. All we would need to know its what a human would need to survive on a said planet. Then form a mutation in genes to make that said person capable of living on a said planet. Think about it. We want to adapt tech amd A.I; So why wouldnt we adopt this???

[@chronosschiron]

explain all the ways you would do this and maintain your "humanity" , then all all the religious people and laws that actually prevent your experimenting legally

[@deftist]

@@chronosschiron its easy. Resources are finite. This planet is finite. We need resources to survive. Ethics amd morals will go out the window as soon as we are in danger. Why not be preemptive? God doesnt exist. So no moral value there. Creating humans to help the human race evolve and thrive on other planets is so unethical? It isnt about YOU. Its about preserving our species. We've evovled for thousands of years. So why is it so impossible to think instead of millions of years waiting for a planet to be geo engineered. Why not speed the process by bio engineerieng a human? Its just another process of human evolution. We either change our dna, or we become machines. However, if we become machines, we are no longer human. Just sentient machines.

[@agsystems8220]

All that is needed is to be entirely different... The temperature alone means that there is not a singly mammalian enzyme that would not need changed, and the lack of atmospheric oxygen would mean an entirely different metabolism. You would basically be designing a 'human' from scratch, for conditions that are less hospitable to delicate chemistry than here. Far easier to build self replicating robots, and they would be as closely related to us.

[@talltroll7092]

The results wouldn't be human anymore, adapting to Mars isn't just dropping a few tweaks in, it's redesigning biology from scratch

[@wikilcontainments]

@J Blob you are absolutely correct. Resistance bands, bows, and so on, are the means to provide the resistance needed for fitness, when gravity is weak. Or nonexistent.

[@cernunnos_lives]

If there's no life there. Then all bets are off. I say flood it with our Earth life. Our life needs to go beyond it's home. It's our backyard. Life needs to survive past this planet. And in my opinion, we owe it to every living thing that's ever existed, to spread everywhere. So give life a chance. Death sucks and not existing is worse.

[@MtnTow]

Ive actually considered the Viking lawn ornament before. I say we are in the business of panspermia and terraforming or we are in the business of fertilizer. Up to you which future is more attractive.

[@1usi0n]

almost 100% certain we wont be living there

[@snorky4153]

Agreed. We can't get along well enough on this planet, much less not kill each other on another. Also, if we keep trashing up the space surrounding earth, we wont be able to travel through it, anyway.

[@loganbledsoe5996]

How do i get a job working for SciShow? Im interested :)

[@mindblow7617]

the first mars habitants should be androids, that would taker a lot of problems out of the ecuation, and making an android seems more doable than all the other technologies needed.

[@Chris-jw8vm]

Wow I had no idea the temperature was 20c at the equator. Dunno how I haven't heard that before.

[@jaderal]

come on, I cant believe they are preoccupied with preserve martian habitat, its a WASTELAND its ridiculous

[@manfromnantucket9544]

Agreed.

[@facecrash24]

Nobody said that we would do that permenantly. It's important that we maintain the martian habitat uintil we conclude if life already exists there and further if the transpermia hypothesis is correct. We need Mars to be terra sterile until then.

[@noth606]

Jay Lord Nope, we don't. For a multitude of reasons, not to mention it isn't like the stuff we already sent there doesn't have some bugs on it. If mars had a separate evolution of life the best way to find out is to send people there to look, likewise if transpermia actually happened because we'd be able to place its evolutionary place in relation to our own. We can take any bug on earth and directly find out what it evolved from and when by genetic analysis, thus we can do the same there if it's related to us, and if it isn't we'd see that too pretty much right away. Poking at rocks using what amounts to glorified radio controlled cars is one of the most inefficient ways to go about solving this that one can imagine. The main thing is someone has to have the balls to tell Joe Q. Public that we will lose people doing this, and when we do it won't mean we will reconsider going there.

[@ToxicTerrance]

*I effing love these videos.*

[@rkpetry]

*_...Mikee of The StarTrails Game would ask, Why don't you do all this for planet Earth, instead of destroying a billion years of Martian history..._* *_...p.s. You left out areo-stationary elevators..._*

[@thekaxmax]

The elevators take far more tech than they've described here

[@lordgarion514]

Getting rid of the bodies is pretty easy actually. Most of the energy and oxygen needed to cremate a body is needed to get rid of the moisture that's in it. So once you get the body broken down into a powder, run the powder through a freeze dryer to recover the moisture for use (😱), and then cremate the small amount of powder that's left. Or just heat it up to a couple of hundred degrees for a few minutes and save even more energy and oxygen.

[@davidbeppler3032]

Um... food. Packing my barque sauce.

[@corporalclegg5057]

Yeah that's too complicated, you could just expose the newly dead corpse to Mars atmosphere by locking it outside of the habitat. That way all of the body fluids get sucked out into Mars atmosphere and the body becomes a naturally preserved mummy. Instant mummification!

[@writerme]

Even if we terraform Mars so that it's warmer, the atmospheric pressure is increased, and the oxygen content of the atmosphere is increased such that we can breathe unassisted on the surface, we'll never fix the low-gravity of the planet. That's why we need to forget about Mars and concentrate on colonizing Venus. High up in the Venusian atmosphere, the gravity, temperature, and atmospheric pressure is basically the same as Earth. And balloons full of Earth atmosphere will float up there. Plus, Venus is closer to Earth than Mars, so it'll be easier to supply the colony. #colonizevenus

[@ITILII]

13:25 Mars is NOT our closest planetary neighbor; it's about TWICE as far away from Earth as Venus is (25 million vs. 48 million miles) I hope you're not the one doing any calculations on this mission ;-/

[@RareEpicness]

ITILII I noticed that too lol.

[@solanumtinkr8280]

For pity's sake, the reactors they are now looking at are KRISTY/KILOPOWER reactors. Not PLutonium, which the world is running out of, unill more is made and will still be rare. Few moving parts, the fuel lasts a long time just standing idle and can be 'turned off' (unlike plutonium) and if far easier to make and get reactor designs certified on the cheap... So, yeah. RTGs are so yesterday's news.

[@brianlewis5692]

In order to give Mars a liquid core, we would need to provide Mars with a large moon, like the one earth has. The tension caused by the pull might be enough to heat up the core via friction, and generate a magnetic field.

[@rgerber]

I tried to eat only Mars for a week, i died. So not recommended

[@marcussmart3275]

I know theres a milky way joke somewhere around here, I just can't find it.

[@davidmccurry25]

I wonder could something similar to space x's star link project, but set up to emit EM fields?

[@DeathbyPixels]

“Scientists are constantly researching ways people could live on the red planet...” /shows super desaturated image of Mars that is boring brown

[@AJScraps]

4:40 it also can lead to becoming the fantastic four 👀😂