Second Law of Thermodynamics

[@dawnhirsh6263]

I watched several videos about entropy (after reading about it in a textbook) and your video with its examples really clarified the concept for me in a more useful way. Thanks.

[@fitzgel1]

The 19th letter in the Alphabet.

[@fitzgel1]

Sorry it is -S- the 19th Letter in the English Alphabet.

[@shubhraagarwal9250]

I can't believe you don't have more views; you're videos are the best for conceptualizing concepts which are simply stated monotonously in textbooks!

[@marklandau365]

4 years after i needed to somehow learn this stuff, i still come back and LOVE Bozeman's series. Thank you again Mr. Andersen!! And the examples and explanation are for everyone. Genius stuff. Helped get me through college, and eternally grateful tbqf

[@joesmith5302]

The 2nd Law of Thermo, in layman's terms, is: "Things, when left to themselves, tend to proceed from a state of greater order to a state of lesser order." Your so-called closed system only become more ordered because you provided creative input from outside said system, ... ie, you didn't leave it alone.

[@kyraluces6672]

wow! This video awakened and enlightened me for my exam tomorrow. Thanks!

[@GunninWizard]

So for earth to form doesn’t that violate entropy? As were told it was just random gases that started to collect. And form. That seem to violate entropy. As it should of gradually increased entropy not decreased.

[@EulogizeMe43]

This video explained this difficult concept very well. Thank you!

[@loxleymoon]

Every time I search a video and see your face, I'm like, thank god, I'll actually be able to understand this time. You're even better than ChatGBT as of writing this! I loved the universe picture at the end to nail home the point. So clear like that!

[@Vector50cal]

The secound law of thermodynamics is my favorite law of the universe, even though it makes life harder. Whenever order is established an equal or greater amount of chaos is released. If more people knew about the secound law thermodynamics then they would understand why complete world peace is impossible, unless we obtain an extreme amount of energy.

[@ohaRega]

+Vector50cal i don't think it is necessarily applicable to the idea of world peace. one way i could put my statement into words would be the following: the chaos that gets created in order to obtain order does not have to be approximate to, or have a direct effect on, the location where you're establishing order. one bizarre example would be that you could create an immense amount of chaos in Venus, (or in the mantle of the Earth, or on the soils of unused areas, or anywhere else for that matter), and use that to obtain perfect order on Earth. So, I think you oversimplified the situation and made a definitive political/philosophical statement that does not necessarily hold, in terms of science.

[@ohaRega]

+ohaRega Because the human society is not a closed system. It has got the ability to harness the universe around it.

[@Vector50cal]

+ohaRega Even though chaos can be moved, you forgot one very important thing. The cost of the transportation and disposal of the chaos. Also It would require extreme cooperation to make it work. For example: when garbage is transported to a landfill energy has to be used. What is the byproduct of energy? Entropy (chaos) is. By transporting chaos, chaos is created. In order to pay for the energy used to transport this chaos, taxes have to be applied. If taxes are raised higher to get rid of more chaos then what is being done now, what happens? Peoples' paychecks are reduced and they become unhappy with the government and create chaos. Don't even think about transferring chaos into space. For now it is impossible. It costs about $10,000 just to get a pound of material into space. Now transferring it to the mantle seems like a good idea, but yet again there are consequences. Disposing of material does not change the fact that resources are running out. The scarcer resources become the higher the prices are. When prices increase, someone or something is at the expense of it. Think more about cause and effect and you will understand what I mean. You can't just do anything you want without it costing something. The cost always results in the production of more chaos. If you did not explore this aspect before commenting, please refrain from making comments like: "So, I think you oversimplified the situation and made a definitive political/philosophical statement that does not necessarily hold, in terms of science" to other people. Best Regards, Vector50cal

[@ohaRega]

+Vector50cal not sure why you got angry toward the end of your comment :D anyway, i will read and consider your opinion more thoroughly. good day.

[@Vector50cal]

+ohaRega I'm not angry. I just am pointing out that your comment could be taken the wrong way. I didn't know the context of your tone, so I tried to keep my response neutral, but I can understand how it could read like I am angry. That is why I don't like typing. It doesn't convey emotion like a voice can. Thank you for pointing it out so we can reach a clearer understanding.

[@JohnnyAnderson1]

So... this says that the order of life is so improbable that its impossible..... therefore pointing toward a creator that must have arranged things into order.... got it

[@JohnnyAnderson1]

@@acidastor9693 lol

[@abelurbina2003]

Prof. Paul, may I request to please correct me if I am wrong. Wikipedia meaning of explosion: An explosion is a rapid increase in volume and release of energy in an extreme manner The applications of explosion in the system the principle of Thermodynamics fail. The Internal Energy is multiple times lower than the work done by the system or The WORK OUTPUT is multiple times higher than the WORK INPUT I. A 15 ball billiard pool to be strike by white mother ball. F = 30lbs (White Mother Ball); D = 3ft (Distance from the white mother ball to the first ball to strike); W = Work, F = force; D = Distance The mother ball to strike the 15 ball is the work input The first collision is explosion followed by increase in force and travelled distance by individual ball followed again a series of collisions. The mother ball transferred the force to the group of 15ball. The momentum is conserved to the group of 15 while the explosion increases to 15 individual ball. The kinetic energy was absorbed by the group of 15ball. The explosion increases rapidly multiplied to 15ball individual. SOLVE FOR WORK INPUT W = F X D; W = 30lbs x 3ft = 90Ft.lbs SOLVE FOR WORK OUTPUT W = F X D; W = 30lbs x 3ft = 90ft.lbs X 15ball = 1,350 ft-lbs. II. For more heat energy the ball to replace with steel ball and steel side board. After strike are explosions of 15 balls. The explosion increases the group energy into individual 15. The work output higher than work input followed by series of collisions that produces more heat more work output, more sound energy more work output, more travelling distance more work output. III. To get even more energy output: Put additional two group of 6balls in triangular shape to be placed somewhere at the back of 15balls at least 4inches apart from the sidewall and back wall. A total of 15balls + 6balls + 6balls = 21balls. The explosion creates collisions after collisions increasing the energy output. The Internal Energy in I, II, III are the same however, after explosion the work done increasing 15 times the Internal Energy. That principle can use to make free energy machine. Thank you. Abel Urbina Abel Urbina Free Energy Super Machine

[@2artactical55]

So how do you get a human eyeball from the irreversible Entropy that the universe is?

[@lgbfjb48]

This makes me curious as to how the world is at such a harmonious state if things only become more chaotic over time unless there is some kind of intelligent intervention?

[@mark-anthonywilliams1725]

Don‘t you mean isolated system as opposed to a closed one?

[@lordante89]

A is forward because I can see your Hand's Shadow

[@weirdoscience9944]

LOL

[@jamesruscheinski8602]

In the examples, is gravity reason for entropy? Does gravity spread matter more diluted and evenly?

[@mosesmanaka8109]

Does the "theory" of Evolution comply with the laws of Thermodynamics?

[@carultch]

Yes. Because Earth is not an isolated system. There is a lot of entropy that Earth gives off to the rest of the universe in the form of heat rejection to the cosmic background.

[@mosesmanaka8109]

@@carultch Where did the energy come from to create the universe in terms of the Evolution Theory? The First Law of Thermodynamics states: Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed, it can only be transferred from one form to another.

[@carultch]

@@mosesmanaka8109 The origin of the universe has nothing to do with evolution. Only creationists think those two concepts are even at all related.

[@mosesmanaka8109]

@@carultch Have you ever heard of the Big Bang Theory?

[@carultch]

@@mosesmanaka8109 You asked me about the theory of evolution and how it complies with the laws of thermodynamics. I answered the original question. Now you keep changing the subject by bringing up the origin of the universe, i.e. the big bang theory. This has nothing to do with the theory of evolution. Evolution is a theory that explains the diversity and development of life on this planet. It doesn't explain how life began in the first place, how this planet formed, how the solar system formed, or how the universe in general formed. All of that is out of the scope of what the theory of evolution covers.

[@EatPezzzz]

Still don't get it. Could you start by giving a basic definition of the word Entropy? Trying to figure out what you're describing as you're describing examples of its process is just adding to the confusion.

[@ntLonky]

Thank you for making videos. Keep up the good work.

[@ohlawd3699]

Great video. I watched a few on this topic but they couldn't explain it as well and as simply as this one did. You could usually tell if people have a good understanding of something by how well they could explain it to others. 😊👍

[@radhajnair1506]

You are one of the best teachers i ever had. Anyone here saw T E N E T It's related to entropy😁

[@sentfrom4477]

Thank you for posting this. A question. Do you mean a closed system or an isolated system?

[@appleormac]

Is the universe as a whole a closed system or open?

[@MrJasonBibeau]

The video is done well. I just had one problem/question: Why do you say that the blocks getting back up from falling down is statistically improbable? I would say it's impossible for the blocks to get back up unless you pick them up and stack them there.

[@johnhammer8668]

why is disorder equates to less heat?

[@pogisosehume4228]

Bozeman can you explain the second law of use the example of a car and stove

[@CharlesBrown-xq5ug]

Do people highly educated in thermodynamic physics know of a higher consideration of nature that overrides accepting that diodes can rectify Johnson - Nyquest thermal noise power and, given the orderliness of consistent orientation in parallel, aggregate a DC residue from each diode into electrical power at any scale coproduced with refrigeration of equivalent thermal energy absorbtion?

[@anilsharma-ev2my]

What is an aneroid barometer workdone in joules per cell cylinder volume changing by virtue of which it can turned the needle ? Please tell Please Please

[@hunterbond7372]

This is a great video! Thank you!

[@sleepnessuk1476]

Thank you so much. I want some explaination about exergy if you can please.

[@gopinathrao1550]

Will it be possible to explain osmosis using concept of entropy

[@erickaraujo173]

thank you for this video! It was helpful for homework.

[@Zurr0]

Good explanation, really clear video, thanks man.

[@tedbates1236]

Excellent explanation.

[@chupapimunyenyo1667]

This man is a real TEACHER😌

[@oldtimefarmboy617]

Decreasing entropy always requires a controlled application of energy.

[@biasuffi]

whats an example of a closed system? and I did not understand the computer/video "order" example at all, I feel like i will never understand this concept, makes no sense to me whatsoever and the more i try to understand it the worse it gets

[@biasuffi]

***** thanks!

[@adamhensley9943]

A closed system is an invisible boundary through which mass may not transfer. Other things may take place across the boundary; heat or work, for example. An excellent example is the split second instant while the valves are closed in a cylinder after combustion; work is transferred across the boundary of the cylinder, and heat is transferred as well. But there is no mass transfer.

[@adamhensley9943]

Lol I didn't realize you had intentions of designing something that might be traveling at 1C! For those of us here on earth, a closed piston which may contract or expand is the simplest way to explain a closed system.

[@buckupfam]

Alex Azazel thanks for posting that explanation actually helped me but I'm still not getting then how do we have life if considering the sun AND the earth it is a closed system??

[@omega7377]

Closed system is a system which doesn't exanchge any heat or matter with surroundings. In real life there are very few such systems, for instance you are not a closed system because you continiously radiate and absorb heat. But universe as a whole is a closed system because by definiton there is no surrounding it can exchange heat and matter. Universe cannot have any surroundings because it is by definiton "the whole thing".

[@hellothere2409]

Thank you Professor Andersen!!!

[@manishawasthi2269]

Someone tell me about entropy in higher dimension??

[@duradim1]

So to make something more ordered you actually cause more disorder to achieve it.

[@MustbeTheBassest]

Cool video, but I would have loved more explanation around closed systems

[@sonamm1137]

can you explain why 100% of the heat cannot be converted to work?

[@namjoonsdesciple5141]

The heat supplied is used to increase entropy ,internal energy(if not isothermal) and also to do work.

[@Oeduardoalbrecht]

Excellent video!

[@joesmith5302]

It's a polished turd. Don't be duped.

[@fitzgel1]

What is the 19 Letter in the English Alphabet?

[@carultch]

Letter 19 in the English alphabet is the letter S. Why do you ask?

[@malo3287]

Plzzz make a video on first and third law too. Plzzzzzzzzz

[@ALeaud]

Very clear. Thank you.

[@TheWolverine1984]

Thank you for your video! I was having a debate with a religious person whose argument is "2nd law of thermodynamics is a proof of god." So I wanted to see what it means.

[@pauljordan756]

I would like to here people comment on this... It does seem that life is an irreversible process and it had to have a "creator" with infinite energy to begin with... similar to the blocks and milk in the video... at any rate this is very interesting to ponder... what are the thoughts from folks?

[@TheWolverine1984]

***** [It does seem that life is an irreversible process and it had to have a "creator" with infinite energy to begin with...] Not at all. The religious argument is this: According to 2nd law of thermodynamics things can't get more complex by themselves without outside interference. (For example evolution.) This argument of course is *wrong* because like the guy in the video says, the 2nd law of thermodynamics states that for only *closed systems*. Earth is not a closed system.

[@pauljordan756]

+TheWolverine1984 is the infinite universe a "closed system"? Closed system is a relative term...

[@TheWolverine1984]

***** Actually 'closed system' is not relative term. "In thermodynamics, a *closed system* can exchange energy (as heat or work) but not matter, with its surroundings. An *isolated system* cannot exchange any heat, work, or matter with the surroundings, while an *open system* can exchange energy and matter."

[@pauljordan756]

+TheWolverine1984 I meant "relative" in the sense of space... if the universe is infinite everything is contained within it and thus it is a closed system if it is considered in its whole context... nothing is outside it if it is infinite.

[@zainabazarbahram8342]

it was helpful. thank you

[@angel_machariel]

So it's called irreversible only because of a statistical improbability? I'm asking because the 2nd law is considered a fundamental law. You see what I'm getting at :)

[@omega7377]

Yes, this law is pure logical. It is not something like F=m*a or Gravitational Law. It is simply a statement that probable things happen more often than improbable things. I find this fascinating because if you think about this law you understand that it doesn't rely on any postulates like Newton's Law does, it simply exists.

[@feelingzhakkaas]

You are blessed. ...Great.

[@GirishManjunathMusic]

Prakash Kamath \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/ \o/

[@holgerjrgensen2166]

'In the direction of time', 'arrow of time', Do You really believe in this, Who is actually shaping your time.

[@filipvasilevski8115]

Arrow of time and entropy is proven right?

[@redglazedeyez6652]

gravity plays a part. reverse can never happen due to gravity on the milk in glass.

[@shreyasrajanna7361]

how do u define randomness scientifically

[@shreyasrajanna7361]

+Darnocium Sweggiest what is a pattern of events only humans can perceive pattern for nature a messy disorder room is same as nicely ordered room

[@VinayMaru2]

i fucking love you shreyas

[@AbhishekSachans]

Shreyas Rajanna watch 'Entropy' on mit opencourseware.

[@perfectionist7833]

Bozy gr8 explanation

[@qualquan]

I like his bored "seen it all" expression

[@abdulrahmanal-shammari3223]

Thank you so much 🌹

[@johannndsouza]

That last example is wrong; a computer over time will degrade aka fans start to loose its functionality etc etc therefore making a PC and a computer or laptop follow a closed loop system; there are ways of slowing down the failures but overall its headed towards a disordered system

[@victor7530]

Thanks. That made sense.

[@qualquan]

Entropy will finally bring peace and harmony as differences are reduced.

[@lgbfjb48]

I think quite the opposite. Chaos only leads to more chaos in this closes system.

[@stimulantdaimamld2099]

excellent .Thanks

[@travispolson6156]

it was helpful your always are.

[@aboodmohgazy2668]

Very clear ...............

[@ants08031236414]

The concept of "disorder" when trying to explain entropy is misleading, but, fortunately, is turning obsolete. What are the units of entropy? How about attacking the concept as Boltzmann did? Some statistics (probability) perhaps? Better to check kzbin.info/www/bejne/oZfJl6xnZ9qEbck

[@abhishekguptasargupta2439]

really helpful

[@tedsheridan8725]

I think the videos you use aren't the best examples. You could argue that milk doesn't float up due to gravity, and blocks don't spontaneously assemble (and move themselves upwards) for the same reason. I think a drop of food coloring in water would be a more instructive example as collecting together into a single drop doesn't violate gravity or any obvious physical laws, only the 2nd law.

[@thaison7332]

thank you

[@phillip6215]

Hmmm... I understood the concept... now lets talk about solving a problem

[@khan92asif]

Yes, it was helpful

[@samuacharya2794]

After watch this video. I understood my weakness

[@d.i.g.i.t.a.l.9268]

So basically no on can die...ressurect...and elevate into the sky post-death? 🤔 #Bummer

[@aryashahdi2790]

thank you!

[@conorb6281]

chaos and disorder are subjective.

[@homoerectus4923]

Apollo Carmb09 o

[@ragavbros9821]

Nice

[@twothesstwoone]

Evolution is an irreversible process according to the 2nd law of Thermodynamics.

[@qxingjian]

GOOD

[@stimulantdaimamld2099]

great

[@davidsmith4817]

That law is clearly broken. There's one thing you missed when you said the "Universe". What you missed is We are in the Universe, as are many more life forms. As you stated, you made that video and someone else made the computer. No matter how you measure it. The Spirit of Creation is at work. Proof is, Stars among other forms of life arn't losing energy to entropy. They sow the seeds of life.

[@goudattamaan2495]

Stars collapse at some point... also entropy isn't loss of energy it's a measure of disorder. "Stars among other forms of life" this is a nitpick but since you have no problem making bad arguments, I will make the point that stars aren't living or "forms of life". "They sow the seeds of life" No? There are plenty of other factors needed for life. If it was your case, there would be life on Venus or Mars or all the other planets on the solar system. It might seem like a computer is an example against entropy, but a computer isn't the closed system, it would be the universe, or we can even say, the world. The computer needs to get energy from somewhere to run and this is where entropy would take place, not to mention over millions of years the computer would degrade which would also be entropy. So, no matter how you measure it, the Second Law of Thermodynamics is true.

[@MiteranOfficial]

entropy does not exist becouse disorder does not exist .All the things happen becouse of order.

[@TMPChem]

The appropriate complexity of a discussion varies based on the target audience. For students in introductory chemistry courses, evoking a similarity between entropy and disorder is often an appropriate analogy. For more advanced students, we can bring up the deeper connections where entropy might be more precisely described as the statistical absence of regular patterns within a system. Or perhaps even more precisely we might say the quantity of information necessary to accurately predict the structure of a system.

[@MiteranOfficial]

Statistical absence is an hypothese that scientist try to verify. It is ignorance to use the word "entropy" becouse it misdleads the thought of people. It is more honest and right to use the word"dificulty to understand the proces of developmant rule from individual view point".

[@jjdoe1900]

No evolution then no life from non life

[@zombieblood1675]

john doe evolution has nothing to do with the origin of life.

[@chefkochjay]

Who thumbed it down?

[@jflathat5332]

You wanna know an idea that violates the second law of thermodynamics? Outer Space

[@filipvasilevski8115]

Can you explain ?

[@jflathat5332]

@@filipvasilevski8115 sure. Gas expands in all directions (by increase of entropy - 2nd law of TD). Outer space should be a vaccuum of close to one thousand billion times less pressure than atmospheric pressure. So why am i still breathing? Is it A, because gas isnt ruled by that natural law or is it B, the sky is not a vaccuum and for a gas pressure to be maintained or even created first thing you need is a container? Go check up the definition of gas pressure. Hope i helped

[@RahulBanerjeeisasuperelite]

nope

[@sunningnfox]

Spoilers!! Watch this video after you watch Tenet

[@pinkman9927]

not at all!!

[@brunobastos5533]

Just click to say i hate entropy

[@sufianahmad7337]

Wahoo

[@Satyr1971]

Very bad video - entropy is NOT a measure of disorder or chaos. Very disappointing.

[@redglazedeyez6652]

never be a teacher

[@launchamagoo7611]

Entropy is not going to increase over time, because our conscious understanding escapes it with order higher than its surroundings. Thinking would be an evil process if that were not so. Some people think so cosmically, that their thoughts organize their environment and relate to time in ... entropy! help!

[@blueschewsmith]

+Launcha Magoo You are wrong.

[@omarpalacios9734]

That is not entropy.... that it is organizing our thoughts as past experiences to "organize" entropy or to organize our disorder.... In other words, we are learning from our past experiences and making a change that entropy will not happen again this time...