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How do astronomers know how far it is to the next star, or the far side of the galaxy, or the next galaxy over, or the edge of the visible universe? They have all sorts of clever, overlapping methods, collectively known as the Cosmic Distance Ladder.
I produced this video for the University of Sydney's MOOC, Data Driven Astronomy: www.coursera.org/learn/data-d...
Credits:
NASA content sourced from NASA and its entities: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (Space Visualization Studio and Earth Observatory)
Night Sky by Greg Rakozy www.pexels.com/photo/silhouet...
Thumbs Up by Donald Tong www.pexels.com/photo/person-d...
City Skyline by Dwayne Hills www.pexels.com/photo/photo-of...
Lightbulb by Rodion Kutsaev unsplash.com/photos/xkEtD4Stn0I
Hydrogen Discharge Tube by Heinrich Pniok (www.pse-mendelejew.de),
Spectra by McZusatz
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
High Resolution Solar Spectrum, N.A.Sharp, NOAO/NSO/Kitt Peak FTS/AURA/NSF
www.noao.edu/image_gallery/ht...
Spiral Galaxy by Sev openclipart.org/detail/211401...
Blue Balloon by K Whiteford www.publicdomainpictures.net/v...
Ant Silhouette by Piotr Siedlecki
www.publicdomainpictures.net/v...
NGC 450 and a Companion, used with permission from The Sloan Digital Sky Survey,
Astrophysical Research Consortium, cas.sdss.org/dr6/en/tools/plac...
Spectrum, used with permission from The Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Astrophysical Research Consortium cas.sdss.org/dr6/en/tools/expl...
Galaxies - Broad-band Filters (Figure 10), ESA/Hubble
www.spacetelescope.org/projec...
Zooming in on the Adromeda Galaxy, NASA, ESA, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (Skysurvey.org), J. Dalcanton (University of Washington, USA), B. F. Williams (University of Washington, USA), L. C. Johnson (University of Washington, USA), the PHAT team, and R. Gendler