Some Ciliates Are Hiding a Secret Weapon

Go to curiositystream.com/microcosmos to start streaming The Beasts of Halloween. Use code "microcosmos" to sign up, for 25% off when you sign up.
The Microcosmos is a minefield. We can't see the dangers, but we keep looking, because we want to know, we have to know, what's causing these microbes to freeze.
Follow Journey to the Microcosmos:
Twitter: / journeytomicro
Facebook: / journeytomicro
Shop The Microcosmos:
www.microcosmos.store
Support the Microcosmos:
/ journeytomicro
More from Jam’s Germs:
Instagram: / jam_and_germs
KZbin: / @jamsgerms
Hosted by Hank Green:
Twitter: / hankgreen
KZbin: / vlogbrothers
Music by Andrew Huang:
/ andrewhuang
Journey to the Microcosmos is a Complexly production.
Find out more at www.complexly.com
SOURCES:
www.google.com/books/edition/...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14733...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1292663/
This video has been dubbed using an artificial voice via aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. You can change the audio track language in the Settings menu.

[@journeytomicro]

Go to curiositystream.com/microcosmos to start streaming The Beasts of Halloween. Use code "microcosmos" to sign up, for 25% off when you sign up.

[@crimson4066]

If there's a way to download the video files, I could label them using image software to make diagrams. It'd be nice to have a visual comparison for how things work

[@YEWCHENGYINMoe]

lol

[@OfficialGOD]

nice

[@sydurgraham7760]

I'm sure I can't even afford to look at one, but does anyone know what type(s) of microscope(s)/software(s)/camera(s) are being employed to be able to see this clearly at these levels? I've used standard, lab microscopes, but nothing with this type of resolution or tracking abilities. Any help or tips in the right direction would be appreciated! I'm just so curious!

[@AngryKittens]

What still blows my mind is that these are SINGLE cells. Yet they're doing things analogous to far larger multicellular organisms.

[@StayPrimal]

Thanks to the entire team for making top notch videos for the past few years. I learned a lot !

[@Scp716creativecommons]

Easily one of the most thought provoking channels that stream from the creative commons; which are themselves, easily, more thought provoking, per minute, than the top tier of discovery/pbs/science channel productions. I mean in their hayday, 92-05, before it got all 'reality'😂😂😢

[@avery8852]

@@Scp716creativecommonsso true

[@_ninthRing_]

There are times when I'd really love to see some diagrams & illustrations of these organelles included in the descriptions of how they work. Things in microcosm are so alien in their biology (to our comprehension) that trying to understand them by referring to well known aspects of macroscopic life would obviously cause misinterpretations. An obvious question is how do these microbes prevent their weapons from hurting themselves? Maybe some of their tools are like needles with a sharp end & a blunt end, or perhaps they're tipped with enzymes tailored to the chemistry of their prey? Presumably those with venom are at least resistant to self-inflicted stings or they'd all go extinct pretty rapidly, but do they have sensory mechanisms capable of recognising the difference between their own body (or another of their species) & that of a prey organism?

[@mimiteas]

0:28 How do you differentiate if it "expands outward" or it's dying? I didn't see it swim away afterwards... 🤔

[@dantelucef]

Yeah that looked like the cellular membrane burst and it leaked out ALL its insides

[@dator36]

It did survive as shown in the video, they expose the cell several times over and it's fine afterwards

[@mimiteas]

@@dator36 the one at the end seems to me to be a different one... also, it seems to be exposed to a milder form of cleaning solution or maybe a smaller amount.🤔 But the one at the beginning surely looked like it was dissolving 🙃

[@evilsharkey8954]

It definitely looks like it died after ejecting the trichocysts. The organelles stop moving, and the cell starts to lyse.

[@evilsharkey8954]

@@dator36It looks like multiple specimens of the same species, and they all appear to die from the poison immediately after ejecting their trichocysts as a last ditch attempt to drive off the threat.

[@GeoffryGifari]

When looking at long, thin extrusions from microbes like that... are they more like a sharp, rigid needle or a slack yarn? how can those protruding membranes maintain their shape and not snap off?

[@hongo3870]

Probably something like fiber optic glass or asbestos, crystalline fibers

[@nuip7936]

crystals which are sharp like broken glass

[@rot_studios]

So awesome to be able to see such incredibly tiny features in such detail and in motion too. Truly a Master of Microscopes :)

[@Oxide294]

Я продолжаю удивляться тому, что одноклеточные организмы на такое способны. Когда видишь многоклеточных, то как-то осознаёшь, что у них есть специализированные клетки, выполняющие определённые задачи. Но когда одноклеточные имеют те же возможности в одной клетке, это удивительно.

[@ronaldmorgan7632]

It's a wonder that different types get along within a single cell. "Hey, this is my ciliate, you, you, suckosome!"

[@mtwieg24]

"It's like when a cat is staring off into the distance with its every muscle tensed." Dude have ever seen a cat.

[@evilsharkey8954]

I saw a pair of Paramecium multimicronucleatum eject their trichocysts when the water droplet they were in dried on them. It was the last thing the poor little guys ever did.

[@MaryAnnNytowl]

Oh, I have SO missed Hank's voice as he takes us on the microscopic journey! Sure, the little critters and beasties are interesting, alone, but add Hank's golden voice into the mix, and the journey becomes magical! ❤❤

[@ArchangelExile]

I liked the voice better before I realized that it was Hank that was narrating these videos. Now, all I see is his face and it's distracting, even though it's an enjoyable and fitting narration voice. Years back, when I used to watch Sci-Show, I eventually started getting sleazy used car salesman vibes from him just from his appearance, mannerisms, and speech, and it turned me off.

[@GeoffryGifari]

those extrusomes look so similar to the nematocysts of jellyfish!

[@LimeyLassen]

My first thought was that jellyfish likely inherited that trick from a single-celled ancestor.

[@mohamedmohamedn5550]

Would it be possible to include notes- perhaps in the comments- with details on how images were captured (eg, brightfield, phase, any gels etc to slow organisms)? It would be great for those of us learning these techniques! Thank you so much!

[@AlienXtream1]

i think you may have used the wrong clip for the intro as the wording does not seem to be reflecting the video... at first it seems right but... we can see its not "expanding outward" or "freezing"... its dead... XD

[@ArchangelExile]

Lol, my brain was hurting trying to connect the two also. It didn't match at all.

[@HShango]

Again, thank you for this insightful (calm, collected) content that you and your team create for us consumers.

[@hippopajamas]

It's always so wild to me that Jams manages to catch these amazing moments!

[@darcieclements4880]

What amazes me is the amount of time that must go into editing this. Getting footage is easy, editing through hours of it to find the little nuggets like this That's a pain. I wonder if he keeps a log while it's running of exactly what time he sees things happen so that it's at least somewhat manageable. Still just needing to dump the footage and then find the spot. Man that's got to be just really time-consuming.

[@MinecraftTestSquad]

Intro clip looked DEAD bro, I don’t think it was just expanding outwards?

[@evilsharkey8954]

Yeah, it’s lysing. The organelles have all stopped moving, and the diatoms it had eaten oozed out.

[@Herperof1000derps]

No harm in clarifying that the 1st one dies. It would clear up a lot of confusion. If the commenters are confused, then many others are surely confused. That looks like the death from "This Ciliate is about to Die" that got me hooked on the channel.

[@supreetsahu1964]

So nice to have Hank back on the narration ❤

[@NewMessage]

"Trichocyst! I mean.. I mean, Trick or Treat! Sorry... just saw a neat video."

[@RogueJyn]

Didnt even know Hank Green had another channel, I loved this

[@robertsretrogaming]

The quality of the video in this episode is stunning.

[@darcieclements4880]

Oh that intro, that's not frozen that's dead. Very very very dead. ☠️ Edit: I don't know why but I feel so bad for this little microbe that hit the cleaning product. I know microbes hit cleaning products all the time, but my gosh why why poor little microbe. I mean I even knew that this is how cleaning products kill microbes, but oh the tragedy. That clip gets me every time. 🤪

[@Sparks.u]

I would love to learn more about this! How fascinating!!! Thank you for this video!

[@Ryodraco]

1:15 Honestly it looks more like it's being torn apart than simply strained.

[@Herperof1000derps]

That thing is very dead.

[@Lionfury1985]

Amazingly interesting. But I won't lie, there were a few times when large complicated words I've never heard before were used in succession and I thought I was having a stroke. XD

[@WAMTAT]

Another phenomenal video, great job team.

[@Anaesify]

I LOVE the new title screens (display screens?), so cool!

[@skittersspider1704]

That tiny cell with no ability whatsoever to comprehend human culture thinks hes walter white 1:49 💀💀💀

[@amberwalsh5767]

Thank you for sharing this information, I love learning and this channel always has something that I haven't learned yet

[@unni0p]

1:42 Skyler i am not the threat i am the threat

[@HolographicThoughts]

I wonder how analogous this experiment is to skin-dwelling microbes coming into contact with hand sanitizer, despite having very different morphology.

[@HotdogJuice]

I'm fully convinced the micro world is full of secrets

[@luisaparodi8571]

A new amazingly interesting, educational video! Thank you so much 🙏🏻😊💖

[@animab4737]

What kind of filters does james use? I would be happy to know the specific ones. Your videos are my favourites and I want to try making my own ones

[@anonymous5405]

The beginning has me confused that thing is dead as fuck it’s not frozen in terror

[@Herperof1000derps]

Very dead

[@user-nv8zj5pv3r]

I wonder if these diatoms that were in frontonia survived or not

[@katipohl2431]

War, murder and hunting in the microspere with chemical and physical weapons.

[@That_Freedom_Guy]

Fantastic Voyage! Thanks. 🦠

[@jakobraahauge7299]

Microcosmic Hank is so much more ensnaring than TikTok Hank - awesome video! Thank you guys

[@sydurgraham7760]

I'm sure I can't even afford one, but does anyone know what type(s) of microscope(s) are being employed to be able to see this clearly at these levels? I've used standard, lab microscopes, but nothing with this type of resolution or tracking abilities. Any help or tips in the right direction would be appreciated! I'm just so curious!

[@user-go5ri2yg5f]

I agree with others that this episode was quite confusing.... Who is killing whom in the first clip?

[@evilsharkey8954]

The organism ejected its trichocysts in response to a poison in the water. It dies shortly thereafter, and the cell begins to lyse.

[@katiusciapigini5519]

I love the homalozoon,thanks for this fantastic video

[@hellokittysays6333]

@3:50 Did anyone else notice the dileptus appeared to be covered by what looks like a fingerprint?

[@brendakrieger7000]

Love this channel🧡🔬🦠

[@allenbinger3067]

so glad youre doing ok hank

[@MCNarret]

He's dead Jim.

[@pedrocastel8177]

Love the way You explain , i Will try todo BR from Bolivia

[@dembro27]

Homalozoon: Grr, I hate those tricksy trichocysts!

[@GaryKing564]

It’s crazy because u can see the stingers eject 1:59

[@L4lN]

Im so high and this is the coolest shit ive seen in a long time 😮

[@frankwu4747]

So are the Nematocysts considered as Extrusomes for Cnidocytes? Are there Extrusomes in multicellular organisms?

[@Whomobile]

Hairy little fellas

[@z3rocool]

i love these vids smsn

[@Imbapiranha]

Damn!

[@joearnold6881]

So I’ve stopped it at the end of the intro, the “why is it reacting this way”, and… what in earth are you talking about? A cat freezing in place? My guy… it looks like a cracked egg spilling its guys all over the place. It just looks like a broken, gooey mess.

[@VictorFursov]

Thank you for nice video. Best greetings from Kyiv Ukraine!😮😮😮😊😊

[@A_polyhedron9459]

Cool

[@ObeyDeFi]

Imagine seeing this in 3D 😅

[@dannw1286]

Hey nice video, just wanna say id prefer it without any music. Too much energy. Just the voice is very relaxing

[@youtuber23450]

I wanna know is hank doing ok?

[@greatbutler]

I enjoy these views into the micro world, but I am never sure exactly what I'm seeing. Could you sometimes freeze a frame and label what's what? Then I'll know better what I'm observing. Thank you!

[@TheAntibozo]

Interesting video; NB hearing you use "paramecium" as a plural is distracting.

[@SyIe12]

👍⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

[@Nefertiti0403]

Now this IS something I can stop to watch 😬

[@Lay1894]

I really like the drum tracks you guys use. It reminds me of the Halo soundtrack lol.

[@joseandrade5399]

Respeito quem não acreditar, mas Deus através de Nsra de Anguera ,BA já profetizou o seguinte: 2.493 - Mensagem de Nossa Senhora Rainha da Paz, Anguera, transmitida em 10/03/2005 "Queridos filhos, do alto ele virá fazendo grande sombra sobre a Terra e muitos homens morrerão de pavor ao vê-lo..." Há uma outra profecia que também cita que Deus quebrará . Confiemos. Mas ele virá sim. Pode ser esse .

[@YEWCHENGYINMoe]

20h ago

[@BorisNVM]

i am the danger

[@Fummy007]

So it wasnt "stunned with fright" but just dying because you poisoned it?

[@TheRockybulwinkle]

God that music is wet

[@TheRockybulwinkle]

(Specifically the intro)

[@casiopea2161]

im a little saddened that the narration is more fast and energetic, and not as lullaby-like :(

[@markrix]

Man the names of these guys, talk about letter salad! Bet you have to redo the script so many times before getting it all correct !

[@RabidMortal1]

I know KZbin comments are ignored, but all these microcosmos videos would benefit from some superimposed arrows and/or freeze frames to help orient viewers. I THINK the content is super interesting, but I find myself constantly overwhelmed by not knowing what to focus on so I end up ending the video about half way through...

[@watamatafoyu]

Mic's too close to your mouth. When I can hear your saliva moving around, it's too far down your throat. My hearing sucks, BTW.