🧑‍🎓 Spotlight on English ADVANCED ENGLISH GRAMMAR: Noun clauses beginning with "that" 👀

[@dimasadi93]

Thank you for the explanation sir, this material is the material I am studying now❤

[@anosensei]

Thank you for the feedback! I hope this video helps you to understand this area of English grammar.

[@tyoahsan6617]

Hi, Sir! I have a question about this topic! I usually see native speakers using present simple instead of future simple with "hope" to refer to the future, as in: saying "I hope she comes to the party tomorrow night" instead of "I hope she will come to the party tomorrow night" with the same meaning. But I wonder if we can actually use present perfect simple and present perfect continuous in place of future perfect simple and future perfect continous naturally and idiomatically to refer to the future. For example : 1. "I hope she has given the money to Tommy by the time that he meets me" instead of "I hope she will have given the money to Tommy by the time that he meets me" and keep the same meaning idiomatically and naturally. 2. "I hope she has been studying for 2 hours by the time that her mom comes home from work" instead of "I hope she will have been studying for 2 hours by the time that her mom comes home from work" and keep the same meaning idiomatically and naturally. What do you think, Sir ? Thank you 🙏🏼

[@anosensei]

Yes, they're OK. "After hope, we often use present verb forms even when there is reference to the future" (dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/hope). That applies to present perfect and present continuous as well as to present simple.

[@tyoahsan6617]

​@@anosenseiBut are they actually idiomatic ? Because I haven't seen any natives use the present perfect continous or simple to refer to the future in place of the future perfect continous and simple with "hope". Is it common ?

[@anosensei]

@@tyoahsan6617 You won't hear it often, but it's not wrong. Do exact phrase searches on Google to find real-life examples.

[@tyoahsan6617]

@@anosensei Thank you so much for your help! So, to wrap it up, I wonder if the future perfect simple/continous is more common to use than the present perfect simple/continous with "hope" to refer to the future. Because you only said "You won't hear it often", so, I wonder which tenses are more common to refer to the future with "hope" ( Is it the future perfect simple/continous or is it the present perfect simple/continous ?) Thanks once again!

[@sunimvlogs4519]

Thank you!

[@anosensei]

You are most welcome!

[@rough12819]

Hi, Sir! I would like to ask a question. I am confused about this sentence: "I have an email that contains a document and that my boss just sent to me." Here, there are double relative clauses referring to the same object (email). Do we need to repeat "that" in this context? Or should we leave out the second "that"? Thank you so much, Sir!

[@anosensei]

This is a curious case. Firstly, we need to note that these are not, in fact, "double relative clauses referring to the same object (email)", as you state. In the first "that" clause "email" is the _subject_ of "contains" and "that" is necessary. And no, we cannot omit the second "that" from ""I have an email that contains a document and that my boss just sent to me." We can say: 1. "I have an email that contains a document" 2. "I have an email [that] my boss just sent to me." "That" in 1 cannot be omitted, since "email" is the subject of the following clause, but "that" _can_ be omitted in 2, since the subject of the following clause is "my boss". However, if we combine 1 and 2, as you have done, we need to keep "that" in both clauses to maintain parallel structure. Rather than "that", I think most native speakers would probably omit "and": 3. "I have an email that contains a document [that] my boss just sent to me." Now we can omit the second "that", but the meaning is slightly different. With the second "that" it is ambiguous; the clause "my boss just sent me" could refer either to "an email that contains a document" or simply to "a document". If the second "that" is omitted, it really seems as if he clause "my boss just sent to me" refers to the document, not to the email. To avoid ambiguity or confusion, we might say something like: 4. "I have just received an email from my boss that contains a document." 5. "My boss just sent me an email containing a document." Finally, while "contained" isn't wrong, we tend to talk about files being "attached to" emails, rather than "contained in" them. 6. My boss just sent me an email with a document file attached to it. 7. I received an email from my boss with an attached document. Or even: 8. My boss just emailed me a document.

[@rough12819]

@anosensei Thank you so much!

[@anosensei]

@@rough12819 You're welcome!

[@sunimvlogs4519]

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