Neil deGrasse Tyson and Brian Greene Confront the Edge of our Understanding

How do particles get mass? Neil deGrasse Tyson and comedian Chuck Nice discover squarks, sneutrinos, the Higgs boson, and whether dark matter has a particle with theoretical physicist Brian Greene.
Go to ground.news/startalk to stay fully informed on Space and Science news. Save 40% off through my link for unlimited access to the Vantage plan this month.
Can we finally get to the bottom of what happens when a quark falls into a black hole? Learn about the ultraviolet catastrophe, the start of quantum physics, and Max Planck quantizing packets of energy. We also discuss how Einstein won the Nobel prize for the discovery for which he is least famous.
We take a deep dive into the Higgs boson. Who’s Higgs? What’s a boson? Find out about how the Higgs field creates mass, the different quantum particles, and how quarks create protons and neutrons. Brian breaks down the theory of supersymmetry: does every particle have a counterpart? Learn about squarks, sneutrinos, and whether supersymmetry can give an answer to what dark matter is.
Is the fabric of spacetime woven by tiny wormholes? Discover the Casimir force, quantum fluctuations, and why you need so many dimensions in a string theory universe. We discuss whether the cosmological constant is, in fact, constant. Plus, find out about the biggest mismatch between theory and experiment in physics.
Timestamps:
00:00 - Introduction: Brian Greene
07:45 - When a Quark Falls Into a Black Hole
13:55 - The Beginning of Quantum Physics & Einstein’s Nobel Prize
18:01 - Discovering the Higgs Boson
21:52 - What is the Higgs Boson?
26:26 - How Do Particles in an Atom Get Mass?
30:30 - Is Dark Matter a Particle?
33:20 - Squarks, Sneutrinos, & Supersymmetry
40:16 - Fabric of Spacetime Woven by Wormholes
45:06 - Four Dimensions & String Theory
47:20 - Is Dark Matter Just Matter in Another Universe?
49:30 - Is the Cosmological Constant Constant?
56:16 - A Cosmic Perspective
Check out our second channel, @StarTalkPlus
Get the NEW StarTalk book, 'To Infinity and Beyond: A Journey of Cosmic Discovery' on Amazon: amzn.to/3PL0NFn
Support us on Patreon: / startalkradio
FOLLOW or SUBSCRIBE to StarTalk:
Twitter: / startalkradio
Facebook: / startalk
Instagram: / startalk
About StarTalk:
Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
#StarTalk #NeildeGrasseTyson

[@StarTalk]

The gluonic force between this trio is top tier! 🌟 What's something you wish Brian Greene could expand on?

[@GVO-SoaDWAB]

A lot of people put on "Dog T.V" or "Sounds of the Rainforest" for their dog when they have to go out. ... However, I put on Startalk "just in case." 😉

[@GalacticScribes]

what is the urantia book and how is it connected to science

[@InnaciKorushka]

Light and the electromagnetic spectrum is probably my favorite. You guys discussed the planck length but not really the impact it has on the forces and energy it applies to the universe. One of my personal(likely incorrect) ideas was that rather than geometry and curvature being responsible for gravity, it may actually be electromagnetic interactions and the latent energies within atoms and even down to leptons, quarks, etc. Since it's strong and weak nuclear forces(effectively electromagnetism) that holds things together at that level, why wouldn't that influence impact the greater universe even supposing the inverse square law significantly reduces the effect over distance. If the entire universe is saturated with these forces, it would make sense that small imbalances would causes attraction and even repulsion forces. Maybe you can do a video on something of that nature?

[@ianmcmillan5590]

Perhaps make clear that most of theoretical physics is just that , theory , not fact and not backed by any empirical evidence, a good example is string theory it is no more likely than a fairytale, sorry

[@henrythegreatamerican8136]

What about Donald Hoffman saying our perception of reality is not a direct representation of the objective world, but rather a simplified interface that has evolved to help us survive? And he thinks consciousness is not an emergent property of physical particles (like brains), but rather a fundamental aspect of reality itself.

[@vince7207]

Always love to see Brian on the show

[@--ART3MIS--]

where else should he go? working on... String Theory? why should he mess up the second half of his life too?

[@jazzunit8234]

Yeah the real Science Sect mumbo jumbo violin expert

[@liquicrum]

BG is the the man. His books rock, hard.

[@jazzunit8234]

@@liquicrum J.R.R Tolkien fiction is greatly better

[@AquarianSoulTimeTraveler]

​@@--ART3MIS--It is extremely simple to understand these are one-dimensional string membranes that are destroyed by The Singularity of a black hole and once this happens they are in a state in between 0 and 1 dimensional this creates Dark Matter coming out of black holes and what is considered non baryonic matter. This is the counterforce to the expansion of the universe. We don't we do not live in a 3 + 1 System One of the most important things that I recently came to conclude is that I have came up with a system to prove that we live in an infinite Multiverse. I will state it here and now. So if we follow the logical progression of the spatial Dimensions infinite zero-dimensional existence can stack into any size one dimensional existence and infinite one-dimensional existence can stack into any size two-dimensional existence and infinite two-dimensional existence can stack into any size three-dimensional existence so if we follow this logical progression we can conclude that infinite three-dimensional existence can stack into any size four dimensional existence. This means if we don't live in a 3 + 1 System we should observe the relative state or shape of the universe as flat or compressed in a non evenly distributed matter and basically we should observe a stacked effect of three-dimensional existence which would make a relatively flat universe or at least a universe in a distribution matter that is non spherical and evenly distributed... so because of this we can conclude that we are not the fundamental highest spatial Dimension and that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist and if so then infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence so ultimately this proves a Multiverse. Just remember infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence... this means that because the observed state of the universe is flat or non evenly distributed in a spherical manner then this means there is extra dimensional influence compressing the state making it stack and if a fourth spatial Dimension exists then a infinite Multiverse must exist and the stack ability must exist therefore this observed phenomenon means that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist making a infinite three-dimensional Multiverse the standard Norm....

[@JimmiMack]

Chuck's reaction to gaining understanding around fields is how I reacted to reading Brian's books.

[@NotIdefix]

Chuck's reactions are just annoying and interrupt the two people who actually provide content.

[@m.3d]

​@NotIdefix I feel this way too, it actually puts me off listening to Niels shows when i really want to stick around. This one was tolerable just about

[@ogi22]

Oh yea, it is so wonderful to watch someone getting so hyped about understanding something 😁 Last time that happened to me a couple years ago, I had an opposite reaction - I was sitting in silence for a few mintutes, just absorbing the fact that a strong nuclear force is the energy that is released during the explosion of a fission bomb. And you can measure that force... In a Helium atom, it is a bit over 20 Newtons. Between two protons... Two particles with completly negligible size compared to our size, produce a force of 20 Newtons between them. A bag of 2kg of potatoes. Between two protons. It took a while to absorb that thought. And make me truely understand why "strong" nuclear force is called this way. And then the amount of matter undergoing fission during the bomb explosion, suddenly made so much more sence. 😉 That's something you kind of knew, the information was there in your head. But the full understanding of the fact came much later.

[@wiscofishing3951]

​@@NotIdefixstop being such a blight. If you were so intelligent to understand what was discussed here you wouldn't have commented this. Chucks reactions are exactly how us regular people feel when we finally understand some level of the insanity of the science around us. Its infectious and he's there to keep us laymen interested.

[@wiscofishing3951]

​​@@m.3dI don't get it. He's the embodiment of non-science focused people becoming interested in things truly outside our typical understanding of life, the universe, and our existence. Why would we not want to further that. I'm constantly annoyed that more people aren't amazed by the existence of our planet, our solar system, the galaxy, the universe, etc. Its all so fascinating to me and makes my life more fulfilling. Why would a person like Chuck, who should be inspiring casual viewers to become more interested in the fabric of our lives, be such a threat to you? Maybe you are the problem.

[@KeelanJon]

It's simple, I see Brian Greene, I get hyped over science and come away mind blown.

[@CFLsurfr]

Dr. Greene is a phenomenal educator and physicist. Thank you for having him on the show.

[@ardellolnes5663]

When my ex left, i was really depressed. It just happened that science documentaries were explaining how the stars were so far apart, that when the milky-way and Andromeda merge the chances of two stars colliding are nearly zero. And that is how lonely i was feeling.. so i painted stars and galaxies and black holes and nebulae and comets... in fact we sold the house, and their kids loved it and it is still painted how i did it. My point is, I was inspired by science.. from amazing people like you three!.. i found a way to express my loneliness and depression, painted it... and somehow that made it easier to move on. Absolutely art inspired by science!

[@Current-Topics]

What if those paintings inspired those kids to go on to explore science and space too. How cool would that be

[@ardellolnes5663]

@@lovemutts ty, I has taken a lot of work, but I have come miles since then. I found I just needed perspective, and time. And therapy, lol. That has probably been the biggest part of moving on... and the house we sold used to be a daycare. So my universe continued on to the chalkboard and where kids grew up. Like the wonderful young couple that bought the house! She went to daycare there, and her kids love the paintings, and it shows as vast and infinite the universe is... at the same time it's not!

[@ardellolnes5663]

@@Current-Topics I hope it does! I'm really happy that even though I painted it to express loneliness, I painted with the love of science and art, and the fact that it kinda became something positive, for me to start moving on, BUT especially for the kids loving it and the parents leaving it. And I just have a feeling with that kinda start, they will look up at night to the wonders of our universe

[@rbee6507]

Truest, purest beauty.

[@Moishe555]

So in other words, you smoked alot of weed

[@dingo4229]

Brian Greene is the guy who got me into this stuff 20 years ago. He's the best

[@hicksboson1]

Yep. Same here red the elegant universe and fabric of the cosmos and here we are lol

[@idiotburns]

same, 24.5 years ago

[@AquarianSoulTimeTraveler]

​@@hicksboson1It is extremely simple to understand these are one-dimensional string membranes that are destroyed by The Singularity of a black hole and once this happens they are in a state in between 0 and 1 dimensional this creates Dark Matter coming out of black holes and what is considered non baryonic matter. This is the counterforce to the expansion of the universe. We don't we do not live in a 3 + 1 System One of the most important things that I recently came to conclude is that I have came up with a system to prove that we live in an infinite Multiverse. I will state it here and now. So if we follow the logical progression of the spatial Dimensions infinite zero-dimensional existence can stack into any size one dimensional existence and infinite one-dimensional existence can stack into any size two-dimensional existence and infinite two-dimensional existence can stack into any size three-dimensional existence so if we follow this logical progression we can conclude that infinite three-dimensional existence can stack into any size four dimensional existence. This means if we don't live in a 3 + 1 System we should observe the relative state or shape of the universe as flat or compressed in a non evenly distributed matter and basically we should observe a stacked effect of three-dimensional existence which would make a relatively flat universe or at least a universe in a distribution matter that is non spherical and evenly distributed... so because of this we can conclude that we are not the fundamental highest spatial Dimension and that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist and if so then infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence so ultimately this proves a Multiverse. Just remember infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence... this means that because the observed state of the universe is flat or non evenly distributed in a spherical manner then this means there is extra dimensional influence compressing the state making it stack and if a fourth spatial Dimension exists then a infinite Multiverse must exist and the stack ability must exist therefore this observed phenomenon means that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist making a infinite three-dimensional Multiverse the standard Norm....

[@libertyPersuitHappiness]

please make more episodes with Brian Green. Neil and Brian are the best speakers and astrophysicist.

[@user-dw1ft6zk5i]

I could’ve listened to that conversation for another 6hrs. Wherever Brian Greene is on, you know it’s gonna be a fascinating one. Him, Jenna and Charles are the A list guests.

[@roryblyth3396]

I really needed this break from politics. Thank you people for keeping me sane. And thrilled to be alive!

[@KermitOfWar]

It's only going to get worse, close to election year i'm afraid. Politics are tiresome.

[@Pickledsundae]

YAAS😊

[@leoblaze29]

Yet you come here mentioning politics 😂

[@alwaysrelyonchrist]

I’m hiding here too

[@moonshoes11]

The American experiment is ending. Fascism has arrived, wrapped in a flag and carrying an upside down Bible.

[@Elnidax]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1480">24:40</a> i have never heard the Higgs boson described so clearly. absolutely beautiful I'm as mind blown as Chuck

[@DrDeuteron]

omg, how could a pro like Brian give that terrible pop-sci analogy which is completely wrong? Higgs field is famously a "scalar" field, and that means you can't move relative to it, there is no doppler shift, unlike with EM fields, and BG knows this.

[@AquarianSoulTimeTraveler]

​@@DrDeuteronIt is extremely simple to understand these are one-dimensional string membranes that are destroyed by The Singularity of a black hole and once this happens they are in a state in between 0 and 1 dimensional this creates Dark Matter coming out of black holes and what is considered non baryonic matter. This is the counterforce to the expansion of the universe. We don't we do not live in a 3 + 1 System One of the most important things that I recently came to conclude is that I have came up with a system to prove that we live in an infinite Multiverse. I will state it here and now. So if we follow the logical progression of the spatial Dimensions infinite zero-dimensional existence can stack into any size one dimensional existence and infinite one-dimensional existence can stack into any size two-dimensional existence and infinite two-dimensional existence can stack into any size three-dimensional existence so if we follow this logical progression we can conclude that infinite three-dimensional existence can stack into any size four dimensional existence. This means if we don't live in a 3 + 1 System we should observe the relative state or shape of the universe as flat or compressed in a non evenly distributed matter and basically we should observe a stacked effect of three-dimensional existence which would make a relatively flat universe or at least a universe in a distribution matter that is non spherical and evenly distributed... so because of this we can conclude that we are not the fundamental highest spatial Dimension and that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist and if so then infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence so ultimately this proves a Multiverse. Just remember infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence... this means that because the observed state of the universe is flat or non evenly distributed in a spherical manner then this means there is extra dimensional influence compressing the state making it stack and if a fourth spatial Dimension exists then a infinite Multiverse must exist and the stack ability must exist therefore this observed phenomenon means that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist making a infinite three-dimensional Multiverse the standard Norm.........

[@Elnidax]

@@DrDeuteron The Cern website describes it the exact same way. the higgs field gives particles their pass by them moving through it. by the dragging force Brian described. then Cern goes on to say that the particle must be created in a particle accelerator. Cern says that it is the fundamental particle of the higgs field just like a photon is to light even behaves the same way as light in both a wave and particle form. what about his explination was pop-sci and wrong? because checking sources he seems to just be saying what Cern is. home.cern/science/physics/higgs-boson/what home.cern/science/physics/higgs-boson

[@Elnidax]

​@@DrDeuteron Cern describes it basically the same way. the higgs field is a field that permeates space and give fundamental particles mass, through the process Brian describes. The higgs boson is created by fundamental particles colliding and interacting with the higgs field. what about his description was terrible pop-sci? home.cern/science/physics/higgs-boson/what home.cern/science/physics/higgs-boson

[@stabilini]

Amazing talk... three memorable timestamps: 1- <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1570">26:10</a> Chuck figures out what the boson field is 2- <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1885">31:25</a> Brian "but geniuses makes up sh** that's right" 3- <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="3387">56:27</a> Neil final words are so inspiring

[@HRConsultant_Jeff]

Chuck is watching a tennis match, much like the rest of us. What a great place to sit between these 2 gentlemen.

[@jimmyzhao2673]

I feel like a golf announcer watching ice hockey and trying to comment on it.

[@kennyongyc]

😂

[@weezenberg]

be a lot better of a convo 1-1

[@patludwig1971]

Yep and I'm still jealous of Chuck. And I still smoke. Gonna do a puff right now for ya, my buddy! At least two heads were obliterated by today's episode. 🤯🤯

[@paulford9120]

Chuck is one of us, showing that we shouldn't feel bad that we don't understand every nuance of it.

[@Delayed-Lama]

I just love when Greene is on the show! This is food for the mind!

[@GarrettOdie]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1545">25:45</a> is my favorite moment. I LOVE it when science clicks for people. Props to Lord Nice for bringing it down to our level. I actually understood it based on his description!

[@YouTuber-mc2el]

I'm 63 and hope I will live long enough to share in the next cosmicbreaking discovery by mankind. When you listen to Brian Greene you can feel it is on the horizon.

[@BigSam450]

Brian and Neil together are the best!

[@vibehighest]

Brian Greene is the man!!! one of the few out there that makes physics so fun and interesting

[@silvershadow013]

Yes! He would have made my 8 a.m. physics class much more exciting!

[@AquarianSoulTimeTraveler]

​@@silvershadow013It is extremely simple to understand these are one-dimensional string membranes that are destroyed by The Singularity of a black hole and once this happens they are in a state in between 0 and 1 dimensional this creates Dark Matter coming out of black holes and what is considered non baryonic matter. This is the counterforce to the expansion of the universe. We don't we do not live in a 3 + 1 System One of the most important things that I recently came to conclude is that I have came up with a system to prove that we live in an infinite Multiverse. I will state it here and now. So if we follow the logical progression of the spatial Dimensions infinite zero-dimensional existence can stack into any size one dimensional existence and infinite one-dimensional existence can stack into any size two-dimensional existence and infinite two-dimensional existence can stack into any size three-dimensional existence so if we follow this logical progression we can conclude that infinite three-dimensional existence can stack into any size four dimensional existence. This means if we don't live in a 3 + 1 System we should observe the relative state or shape of the universe as flat or compressed in a non evenly distributed matter and basically we should observe a stacked effect of three-dimensional existence which would make a relatively flat universe or at least a universe in a distribution matter that is non spherical and evenly distributed... so because of this we can conclude that we are not the fundamental highest spatial Dimension and that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist and if so then infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence so ultimately this proves a Multiverse. Just remember infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence... this means that because the observed state of the universe is flat or non evenly distributed in a spherical manner then this means there is extra dimensional influence compressing the state making it stack and if a fourth spatial Dimension exists then a infinite Multiverse must exist and the stack ability must exist therefore this observed phenomenon means that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist making a infinite three-dimensional Multiverse the standard Norm.....

[@TenshiR]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1550">25:50</a> this is probably one of the best description I've heard explaining this. I think I had the same reaction as chuck while listening to it.🤯

[@aboynamedsue6912]

I watch StarTalk for a year now and I don't know how I found it but I'm very glad that I've found it. The chemistry between Neil and Chuck ( and the rest ) I don't think it can get any better than that. I'm more on the Chuck side, always have been semi interested in science but I was always more busy with fooling around. After what was discussed in this episode, I think I'm going to rest for a week, . I'm genuinely amazed by some of the things that have been discussed today! And of course a big thank you to StarTalk to make us a bit smarter every time in a language that everyone can understand!

[@bogwell]

Chuck's quark popping sound effect was pure genius 🎉

[@vibehighest]

i just heard the popping, and i agree with this message

[@charlesandrews2419]

9:10, 11:24

[@AquarianSoulTimeTraveler]

​@@vibehighestIt is extremely simple to understand these are one-dimensional string membranes that are destroyed by The Singularity of a black hole and once this happens they are in a state in between 0 and 1 dimensional this creates Dark Matter coming out of black holes and what is considered non baryonic matter. This is the counterforce to the expansion of the universe. We don't we do not live in a 3 + 1 System One of the most important things that I recently came to conclude is that I have came up with a system to prove that we live in an infinite Multiverse. I will state it here and now. So if we follow the logical progression of the spatial Dimensions infinite zero-dimensional existence can stack into any size one dimensional existence and infinite one-dimensional existence can stack into any size two-dimensional existence and infinite two-dimensional existence can stack into any size three-dimensional existence so if we follow this logical progression we can conclude that infinite three-dimensional existence can stack into any size four dimensional existence. This means if we don't live in a 3 + 1 System we should observe the relative state or shape of the universe as flat or compressed in a non evenly distributed matter and basically we should observe a stacked effect of three-dimensional existence which would make a relatively flat universe or at least a universe in a distribution matter that is non spherical and evenly distributed... so because of this we can conclude that we are not the fundamental highest spatial Dimension and that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist and if so then infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence so ultimately this proves a Multiverse. Just remember infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence... this means that because the observed state of the universe is flat or non evenly distributed in a spherical manner then this means there is extra dimensional influence compressing the state making it stack and if a fourth spatial Dimension exists then a infinite Multiverse must exist and the stack ability must exist therefore this observed phenomenon means that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist making a infinite three-dimensional Multiverse the standard Norm......

[@vincentzimmerman2011]

Great episode!! How many others think Neil has to get Brian Greene and Janna Levin on the show together? That would make for a killer show!!

[@abirgahfez6178]

I second this ✌🏻

[@invisibledimensions]

"The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science." - Albert Einstein

[@aryanak1989]

I’ve listened to the 17th minute now and I am absolutely loving it, the subject and stories being shared, the level of details talking about quarks (any science) and of course these 3 precious people (yes I love you too chuck, you’re indispensable), ABSOLUTELY MOUTHWATERING and EXCITING WATCH! Your ad at the 18th minute about critical thinking, bias, misinformation and the Ground news reporting coupled with the examples given is perfectly done and like a cherry on top of my enjoyment watching so far. LOOK NIEL, please please please, whatever level this conversation has, it’s superb and there should be so much more of it, please expect more of your audience and please give yourself, chuck and the fabulous Brian a hug for me in appreciation of existing in the world 💎🙏🏼

[@chrisandrew7577]

I took a wormhole to get here so early

[@jimmyzhao2673]

Welcome traveler to our Universe.

[@TestUser-cf4wj]

Closes in 5 minutes.

[@patludwig1971]

👻

[@andirhi]

Neil and Chucks minds are blown!

[@connorjames8807]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1554">25:54</a> Chuck is literally me in pretty much everyday of physics class...I'm so happy I chose this as my major, my mind gets blown everyday!!!!

[@vibehighest]

Chucks Eureka moment is golden

[@jaredkeim1852]

Best episode I’ve seen so far. Great explanations!

[@diegopenades1484]

I was about to write the exact same comment!

[@swedishDish]

Startalk is my lullaby. the smooth voice of neil is so comfy :p love startalk!

[@paulmichaelfreedman8334]

Astro version of Barry White

[@Current-Topics]

Going to try that

[@bitesizedgirlygamer8876]

Doing that now 😊💕

[@Lydmarie5588]

mine too😄😴

[@AquarianSoulTimeTraveler]

It is extremely simple to understand these are one-dimensional string membranes that are destroyed by The Singularity of a black hole and once this happens they are in a state in between 0 and 1 dimensional this creates Dark Matter coming out of black holes and what is considered non baryonic matter. This is the counterforce to the expansion of the universe. We don't we do not live in a 3 + 1 System One of the most important things that I recently came to conclude is that I have came up with a system to prove that we live in an infinite Multiverse. I will state it here and now. So if we follow the logical progression of the spatial Dimensions infinite zero-dimensional existence can stack into any size one dimensional existence and infinite one-dimensional existence can stack into any size two-dimensional existence and infinite two-dimensional existence can stack into any size three-dimensional existence so if we follow this logical progression we can conclude that infinite three-dimensional existence can stack into any size four dimensional existence. This means if we don't live in a 3 + 1 System we should observe the relative state or shape of the universe as flat or compressed in a non evenly distributed matter and basically we should observe a stacked effect of three-dimensional existence which would make a relatively flat universe or at least a universe in a distribution matter that is non spherical and evenly distributed... so because of this we can conclude that we are not the fundamental highest spatial Dimension and that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist and if so then infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence so ultimately this proves a Multiverse. Just remember infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence... this means that because the observed state of the universe is flat or non evenly distributed in a spherical manner then this means there is extra dimensional influence compressing the state making it stack and if a fourth spatial Dimension exists then a infinite Multiverse must exist and the stack ability must exist therefore this observed phenomenon means that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist making a infinite three-dimensional Multiverse the standard Norm.........

[@Tamar10000]

This is officially the greatest KZbin video ever. My mind is blown. I’ve always been interested in astrophysics. I remember when I first learned about quarks being smaller than protons and neutrons. I kind of wish I also went to school for astrophysics.

[@suradjbalgobind3935]

One of the best episodes...

[@oilerfreak]

WOW, I am astounded by this video. NDeGT you make me smarter by a fraction every time I watch one of your videos. At 52 I have finally found discussions like this just as exciting as a sporting event. Thank you eternally.

[@InnaciKorushka]

Oh snap, I showed up 25min after this published. Love the show. The mechanisms of space rather than just space itself have always interested me.

[@Riddimental]

I love when you guys start to talk more advanced and not too over-explicative, trust me you guys have educated us(your audience) so much, that just like chuck, we are ready for this advanced topics, I enjoyed this video so much, thank you guys

[@abirgahfez6178]

This episode is legendary! My only regret is that Neil didn't record his lunch with Brian 😂 but I feel lucky to live in a time where I could peek through a conversation between two scientists and try to work my mind through it. Thank you to everyone behind Star Talk, you're the best. Abeer from Algeria.

[@CaymenCider]

Brian Greene is a legend

[@brandonhenley3647]

We need to protect chuck at all costs!

[@Vince-ml9gw]

Outstanding show. The parting thoughts at the end would make an awesome Short. Thank You!

[@doublewides]

Absolutely fascinating conversation

[@MelHaynesJr]

Watching how much Chuck has learned over the years being on this show is pretty cool. Seeing how excited he was when he understood the Hiigs field. He is us

[@bonnibel_bubblebuns]

Idk wtf happened but I'm loving this new Chuck era SO MUCH! keep looking up!

[@Mr.PeabodyTheSkeptic]

One of the best shows I've ever watched out of hundreds of hours. Clear yet intellectually challenging. Engaging yet not insulting to us mere mortals. Chuck I'm with you. WOW! I need some WEED!.

[@ardellolnes5663]

That epilogue was beautiful!! Thank you!!

[@sush9749]

This might be one of my favorite episodes. Chuck n I are like gluons. When he was wigging out I felt that lmao

[@timhyatt9185]

I'm with Chuck, I need to be taking something before I watch episodes like this ;) Seriously, I've always found Brian Greene to be incredibly insightful. I do wish he would have talked more about the entanglement wormholes being the "fabric" that is space. Thanks for having him come on and talk about it; i've been coming back to it again and again after hearing about the lunch conversation. Please invite him back and have him go into more details on that!!!! (and how super-symmetry may have the answer to Dark Matter -- and does that tie back to "super-string" theory?!!?!?)

[@danhowie1699]

I gotta get me some mushrooms and watch this again. lol

[@AquarianSoulTimeTraveler]

​@@danhowie1699It is extremely simple to understand these are one-dimensional string membranes that are destroyed by The Singularity of a black hole and once this happens they are in a state in between 0 and 1 dimensional this creates Dark Matter coming out of black holes and what is considered non baryonic matter. This is the counterforce to the expansion of the universe. We don't we do not live in a 3 + 1 System One of the most important things that I recently came to conclude is that I have came up with a system to prove that we live in an infinite Multiverse. I will state it here and now. So if we follow the logical progression of the spatial Dimensions infinite zero-dimensional existence can stack into any size one dimensional existence and infinite one-dimensional existence can stack into any size two-dimensional existence and infinite two-dimensional existence can stack into any size three-dimensional existence so if we follow this logical progression we can conclude that infinite three-dimensional existence can stack into any size four dimensional existence. This means if we don't live in a 3 + 1 System we should observe the relative state or shape of the universe as flat or compressed in a non evenly distributed matter and basically we should observe a stacked effect of three-dimensional existence which would make a relatively flat universe or at least a universe in a distribution matter that is non spherical and evenly distributed... so because of this we can conclude that we are not the fundamental highest spatial Dimension and that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist and if so then infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence so ultimately this proves a Multiverse. Just remember infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence... this means that because the observed state of the universe is flat or non evenly distributed in a spherical manner then this means there is extra dimensional influence compressing the state making it stack and if a fourth spatial Dimension exists then a infinite Multiverse must exist and the stack ability must exist therefore this observed phenomenon means that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist making a infinite three-dimensional Multiverse the standard Norm.............

[@Elevenated]

Paradoxically that’s what makes human so special, our ability to make mistakes and then learn new ways of doing things and to correct those mistakes and to learn from them

[@vernonkroark]

Chuck freaking out is the best part of StarTalk.

[@kempokiin6280]

"The only way to talk about physics"---is to hit this blunt! lol

[@HITSONLYRECORDS]

😂😂 FACTS

[@amadeuscrossing7061]

FACTS 😂

[@AquarianSoulTimeTraveler]

​@@HITSONLYRECORDSIt is extremely simple to understand these are one-dimensional string membranes that are destroyed by The Singularity of a black hole and once this happens they are in a state in between 0 and 1 dimensional this creates Dark Matter coming out of black holes and what is considered non baryonic matter. This is the counterforce to the expansion of the universe. We don't we do not live in a 3 + 1 System One of the most important things that I recently came to conclude is that I have came up with a system to prove that we live in an infinite Multiverse. I will state it here and now. So if we follow the logical progression of the spatial Dimensions infinite zero-dimensional existence can stack into any size one dimensional existence and infinite one-dimensional existence can stack into any size two-dimensional existence and infinite two-dimensional existence can stack into any size three-dimensional existence so if we follow this logical progression we can conclude that infinite three-dimensional existence can stack into any size four dimensional existence. This means if we don't live in a 3 + 1 System we should observe the relative state or shape of the universe as flat or compressed in a non evenly distributed matter and basically we should observe a stacked effect of three-dimensional existence which would make a relatively flat universe or at least a universe in a distribution matter that is non spherical and evenly distributed... so because of this we can conclude that we are not the fundamental highest spatial Dimension and that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist and if so then infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence so ultimately this proves a Multiverse. Just remember infinite three-dimensional Universal potentiality can stack into any size four dimensional existence... this means that because the observed state of the universe is flat or non evenly distributed in a spherical manner then this means there is extra dimensional influence compressing the state making it stack and if a fourth spatial Dimension exists then a infinite Multiverse must exist and the stack ability must exist therefore this observed phenomenon means that a fourth spatial Dimension must exist making a infinite three-dimensional Multiverse the standard Norm...........

[@Ratchet-Network]

Haven't been this early since before I started taking HIMS

[@silvershadow013]

This is one of my very favourite episodes!!! Best explanation of the Higgs I've heard since Leon Lederman gave a class for us. Bria bkew my mibd describing the "net" that the universe is composed of. I never really thought about entanglement and wormholes. 🤔

[@grandwest11]

I am not an educated man but I do take great comfort in watching and listening to well educated and highly intelligent men converse with one another. I gives me hope that at least part of humanity is looking and moving in a positive direction. Thanks once again.

[@grantwilcox330]

The ending is awesome

[@carlaroman7043]

This was the best STARTALK EVER!

The end almost made me cry 😅 I love everything you do @startalk! Curiosity and exploration made my purpose.

[@gselvara]

This is my favorite episode

[@thoso1973]

In an alternative Universe, it's Chuck and Brian having a deep conversation about quantum mechanics and the cosmological constant, while Neil cracks jokes. 😄

[@GeorgeLivens]

That is the multiverse of madness😂😂

[@DM-jo5ko]

This episode was so good i'm watching it twice

[@brblakely420]

Favorite episode - peak StarTalk

[@sherlockazulu]

I love seeing Chuck get excited by understanding. We are Chuck. So glad he's a part of the team.

[@billbobaggons]

Always happy to see Brian greene on the show 🥳❤

[@michaelccopelandsr7120]

Neil and Chuck for 2024!

[@Jedicake]

If only...

[@stellybrah]

I’ll pass on that.

[@StaticFPV]

Just Neil lol

[@derekjasinski8508]

I think Neil is from Kenya😮

[@Shadinsb]

And give up our choice between a fossil and a criminal?!

[@MichaelAlhilly]

This was a great episode. Thanks for keeping me in the loop!

[@khugansixtyeight]

Wonderful show!

[@yimwee2401]

Wow this was one of the best episodes ever. Truly amazing

[@roshaan]

There's something so special and awesome about this episode. Love it.

[@dcterr1]

Neil deGrasse Tyson has to be the most fascinating and entertaining science narrator I've ever heard! I've been a mathematician all my life and I've also studied tons of physics, but I still don't know how to explain physics anything close to the way he does, with hardly any math, but still managing to explain all the important details in ways that many people with hardly any math background can understand. I just wish I could do more of this! Great job, and great video! I also really enjoyed everything Brian Greene had to say, although I'm still not a big fan of string theory, sorry to say!

[@SeanThomas2005]

I could listen to this all day long this conversation is AMAZING!!!

[@JamesSullivanCandiEyeStudio]

Wicked epilogue, Dr Tyson!

[@MojalefaMoletsane]

What an episode!!! 🔥

[@THCza]

Always good to have Brian on

[@MuffinMan87]

I'm with Chuck. That's crazy. I didn't know that about the Higgs Field or boson.

[@randytighe7150]

Love Brian Greene and Neal Degrasse Tyson, my favorite science communicators

[@jasonlmrcolon]

I just wrote a paper discussing the concept of quantum entanglement and its implications for the theory of general relativity, particularly in the context of information transfer at the speed of light. I struggle to understand how two entangled particles, which seem to affect each other instantaneously regardless of the distance separating them, do not involve some form of "communication" or data transfer. If the entangled state of these particles remains unaffected by distance, it appears to challenge the constraints imposed by general relativity on faster-than-light travel. Although I recognize that I conflated aspects of quantum mechanics and general relativity, I still find it difficult to reconcile the idea that no faster-than-light interaction occurs between entangled particles.

[@Ben-Ken]

I understand only the basics of these concepts but I think about it as entangled particles not actually having to send information a great distance because they don't recognize any change in space-time on our macro scale. It's as if they are still sharing the same spot no matter how great the distance is stretched between them. Perhaps they are linked by the theoretical worm holes (holding together the fabric of space) they spoke of in this episode.

[@juimymary9951]

Well... general relativity doesn't forbid faster-than-light information transfer or movement really... but in the theoretical scenarios that entail them spooky-looking stuff tends to follow suit, such as effects seemingly preceeding their causes in some reference frames, which does seem a lot like the retrocausality that characterizes some quantum experiments. I like to think that pheraps our universe is just a lot stranger than we like to assume.

[@Corvaire]

4 dimensional space is not effected by time. Time is a path created by expansion. Expansion is caused by 4 dimensional wave reproduction (both the pebble and the pond are the quantum point.) It's point to point with no time between them. Hence, speed of light is anomalous to entanglement. Make sense? ;O)-

[@angelayeh9129]

Does the Higgs field have anything to with entanglement? If there’s a field connecting them…? Time and space wouldn’t matter?

[@feynmanschwingere_mc2270]

Einstein was the first to think of quantum entanglement (EPR Correlations named after him) and he was the first to think of worm holes (Einstein-Rosen Bridges) and he came up with GR too. In relativity information cannot travel faster than light. But clearly there appear to be wormholes that connect virtual particle pairs which can connect any point in spacetime. Two disparate ideas by Einstein may coincidentally provide the key to understanding the final TOE: ER = EPR

[@nazcamain]

This has to be one of my favorite episodes!

[@ibite100]

one of the best episodes

[@julesmcginnigle9955]

Love the way you guys describe things

[@alvaroluffy1]

when Neil said "I have not been the same since we had lunch" for a moment i thought he meant that since humanity invented lunch, he has not been the same, it changed him on a fundamental level to have lunch and learn what a lunch is. And for that second of imagining such a world in which neil degrasse tyson is confused, marveled, and disoriented by the concept of having lunch, i am grateful to you, the universe

[@Cromanea]

Wow! Great Episode ❤

[@Srfingfreak]

I had to watch this a few times to get it. I might need another one.

[@EmpyreanLightASMR]

Hey StarTalk, I would be super open to a spin-off (StarTalk Physics or something!) where the discussion goes a little more in-depth into the topics including showing actual calculations and equations. Not because I'm a physics genius, far from it, but I've found my curiosity into the cosmos and our world has been deepening since I started listening to ST five years ago. Some of Brian's discussion here, for example, I would love to see what exactly he does. I'm not going to understand it. But I'm going to appreciate it. I want to *see* the beautiful notation of supersymmetry because it sounds so incredible. I literally uprooted myself from my life to take Physics 1, 2, Calc 1, 2, 3, just because I'm curious, and it opened up a whole new world to me. I never considered myself a scientist. But seeing how things work on a more fundamental level beyond simple discourse was almost revelatory. I know there are many resources online to access some of this stuff, but I would love to hear the StarTalk regulars and All-Stars-and especially Lord Chuck-swimming in deeper waters! Here's hoping. Thank you for all that you do.

[@Pickledsundae]

Such a blessing to see Brian Greene with Chuck and Neil!!

[@ancient_history]

Loved this episode. Thank you!

[@25.5M]

Brian and Neil , to see together talking was my dream ❤

[@1stnativeamericanmuslim560]

I’m with Chuck!

[@angelayeh9129]

😂😂😂😂 chuck I am right there w you this is the first time I’ve understood the Higgs field too. Amazing. 🎉🎉🎉🎉

[@shamus12]

That was awesome. Lucky to have this. Don’t forget.

[@dhrubaranjansarmah5687]

Now I can safely say that Chuck's mind was actually blown away by science.

[@KennyHillShow]

Neil Tyson, Brian Greene and the Notorious Chuck Nice ➡️ Thank you. This was indeed interesting. My GFF woke up at the worm hole discussion <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="90">1:30</a> 🕜 am . Had to explain quantum teleportation. I used Bewitched and Barbara Eden references as she went back to sleep . Then watched the last 20 minutes. Mr. Chuck Nice when are you visiting Stamford CT ➡️ NY Comedy Club again❓

[@bradtryon5421]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1542">25:42</a> chucks excitement is endearing. This is how i feel when learning a new thing about the cosmos. It could be right or wrong but you learn something new. I love the excitement in this dude

[@86ajmn]

I asked Gemini to explain what a "field" is in the context of phsysics but explaint it to me as if I was a child. I will paste its response here, it helped open my mind what I believe to be years of studying in tradition schools in 2 mins allowing me to follow this converstaion very easily. You're welcome. Imagine a big pool. The water in the pool isn't just sitting still, it's moving all around, right? That's kind of like a field in physics! Think of the pool as space, and the moving water as the field. This field is like an invisible force that fills up space. It can push or pull on things, just like the water in the pool can push you around if you try to swim against the current. Different kinds of fields do different things: The magnetic field from a magnet is like having a tiny whirlpool in the pool that attracts metal objects. The electric field around a lightbulb is like having invisible waves in the pool that make the bulb light up. The gravitational field around Earth is like a big drain in the pool that pulls everything towards it, that's why we don't float away! So, a field is basically an invisible force that fills up space and can affect things around it. It's like the water in a pool, always moving and interacting with everything it touches.

[@bobrenner67]

Wow, mind blowing. Thank you so much all of you.

[@sstrick500]

Greene is the GOAT

[@mickeybrumfield764]

We should be greatful that there are people out there like Neil Degrass Tyson and Brian Green who are not just scientist but are also public figures who spend a lot of their precious time to educate us on what is going on with their work.

[@tf4665]

That's cool and all, and I in general agree with you on that, but it doesn't change the fact that science has hit a major brick wall- there is no proven answer as to why we exist which is the most important question above all else.

[@ETAisNOW]

@@tf4665that had nothing to do with the comment

[@ETAisNOW]

@@tf4665and we exist so we can experience, hope that helps.

[@anthonyvigil3973]

​@@tf4665 While I would say yes, science has never been able to figure out that answer, doesn't necessarily mean they've hit a brick wall. There's still tons of amazing things that science finds out all the time about our universe, our planet, and ourselves. "Why do we exist" will probably be the greatest question of all time, but if we just sit here and only ever wonder that, then we would never get anywhere. Be greatful that we do, and if we ever find out, then be greatful for that, but never stop questioning the rest of everything. We are a speck of a piece of a piece of sand in this universe. Stay looking up!!!

[@goodquestion7915]

​@tf4665 "Why" questions are rarely smart questions, unless an INTENDER has been clearly identified and undeniably proven to be the cause and the mechanics are understood, and what remains to be learned is the final goal that triggered the action.

[@marcoesteves4367]

It's truly exhilarating to watch these brilliant physicists shine a little brighter light on our limited planet. Based on a lot of what was said and discussed... ..does our experience of reality not result from being the collapse of a wave function from some observer outside our universe?

[@nathanneal5525]

I want MORE!

[@shojuro3528]

terrence howard I think he loves you and is just angry you don’t recognize him or give him the love 😂😂😂

[@elbardo5778]

Chuck's Brain got melted on this one. 😅

[@rotten2959]

Great episode you three!

[@HarryNicNicholas]

this has to be one of the best discussions of quantum physics i ever heard. brilliant.