Starter Guide to BJT Transistors (ElectroBOOM101 - 011)

[@ElectroBOOM]

And while we are at it, GO IRANIAN PEOPLE GO! Best of luck in your efforts to take your rights and your lives back! #MahsaAmini

[@mehdikho]

مهتی کارت درسته

[@birgenair301]

Yes

[@enterprisesoftwarearchitect]

King of pop ha ha ha! I love transistors Electroboom!

[@mickeyfilmer5551]

Absolutely. Those women are so Brave. This is the 21st Century- not the 5th. Good for them.

[@PetraKann]

Rights?

[@SultanGamer124_GD]

I subscribed to electroBoom to see him blow things up but now I’m actually learning something from him.

[@playingweirdo4720]

Ikr!! I felt the same.. tbh I'm binge watching Electroboom videos nowadays

[@Jamie-st6of]

you've been learning the whole time! the explosions are a disguise for knowledge

[@dogs-and-destruction-channel]

The explosions are all part of the learning process, it teaches you what NOT to do or how to make fireworks with electricity lol😆.

[@EvanShechter]

That needs to be on a shirt

[@rumpleforeskin1812]

I know I’m starting to panic a little I’m becoming smart

[@stardust857]

EE undergrad here, thanks for all of your videos, it's really helpful for understanding the concepts in deep.

[@trapper1211]

the whole 2:09 section was genius, I love it The simplified graphics have always been very confusing to me, only onceI saw the real cross section of a transistor I finally understood how they work

[@sudocheese]

I was totally panicing at first.

[@robinsparrow1618]

you remembered? >:0

[@CD4017BE]

The simplified transistor schematics makes more sense if you view the two back to back diodes as optically coupled LEDs / photo-diodes. So every every electron that crosses the Base-Emitter diode emits a photon. These photons travel over to the Base-Emitter diode to get absorbed and each allow one electron to cross its PN-junction as reverse current. If you take this model, then the current amplification factor of the transistor inversely depends on the percentage of photons that get lost during the process (about 0.5% for a typical hfe of 200).

[@NathanSweet]

@@CD4017BE "These photons travel over to the Base-Emitter" did you mean Base-Collector in this sentence?

[@lennonmclean]

DONT LOOK AT THE CROSS SECTION

[@daylechipps7124]

Thanks!

[@raffaellu4375]

🫡

[@rpfour4]

This is a better lesson than I got back in my EE class in the 90s. I learned more in 10 min with Mehdi than an entire semester of hearing about the "glory days" of the professor I had.

[@BariumCobaltNitrog3n]

Yes he's very good at explaining things to slow learners so they walk away feeling like they learned something. But tomorrow...

[@thewhitedragon4184]

Honestly I don't see it. He cut out a lot of information in the video to make it shorter but at the same time he kinda explained transistors as a switch but jump to making amps which drive transistors differently

[@lwo7736]

I bet, your teacher once told you a 20 minute story about his life to try and relate to the class, and you spent the rest of this "entire semester" messing around, ignoring the teacher and just generally being a useless learner. So to save yourself the feeling of regret, you've concocted this "glory days" story to make yourself feel better. It's the same with all of these "I wish my teacher in school was like this guy" comments on every single science influencer video out there.

[@rpfour4]

@@lwo7736 Messing around? This isn't high school. Who the hell wastes money at a university?

[@tunkunrunk]

you learned in less than 10 min because of your EE class back in the 90's . if you were a beginner you wouldn't had understood that fast with Medhi

[@jeremey2072]

When I was taking basic electronics in the Navy, they taught us a simple way to figure out if it was a NPN or PNP transistor on the schematic. “Not pointing in” (NPN) or “pointing in” (PNP)

[@MitchellClark]

This comes at the perfect time. My electronics class is going over these in a few weeks. Thanks Mehdi!

[@RieMUisthegoaT]

bad timing for me as i just finished my electronics and electronics lab haha, at least i have a good overview now

[@spectra5029]

It was also not the best time, I just had my electronics exam xD

[@veselinmanev8895]

Who has BJT's at uni anymore?

[@arwlyx]

Same, we're on FETs now c:

[@matthewduphily5129]

I started them the day he posted this, so this is perfect

[@erinc1376]

I want to thank you because your videos are what peaked my interest in all things electrical, and now I’m pursuing a successful career as an electrician and I’m the happiest I’ve ever been

[@stargazer7644]

It piqued your interest. Protect your back and don't electrocute yourself.

[@KirbzYyY]

After failing my analogue circuits class (which is BJTs, MOSFETs, OP amps and filters), this 14min video explained BJT better to me than the prof did. I knew beforehand how to calculate the base and collector current, and all the other things we needed, but I now *understand* a lot more.

[@iFATE91]

I'm curious what type of transistors are these? Common base/collector/emitter

[@Inquisite1031]

that's what happens when u are more of a visual learner, college professors often rely too much on maths and text, and not show diagrams too much to help students visualize things, and they can be hard to follow I still remember my class on Multi Variable Calculus where my friends struggled so hard to visualize the functions and the partial derivatives, when a a simple graph plotted using a computer would have fixed that problem easily.

[@dennismunyaka6537]

@@Inquisite1031 haha yes watching this has helped me to. its currently 7:00 am and I have an exam on this topic at 2:00 pm. will updateafter exam. but it did indeed help understand how it works.

[@berniefranks4876]

I have never been so fascinated with a subject I knew nothing about. I wish I had a teacher like you when I was young Thank you!!

[@mikewillmitch3579]

I just want to thank you for making these. It's been 11 years since I got my EE degree and these are nice refreshers.

[@AmoghA]

Whenever Mehdi mentions a capacitor, I know there is going to be an explosion.

[@that1electrician]

That's what we're all here for isn't it?

[@jurijavsenak]

😝

[@flaps805]

Pronounced 'meat d eye'

[@official-obama]

@@flaps805 no

[@playingweirdo4720]

But this video has no explosions🥺

[@elliethebat4761]

as an electrical engineer, its fun watching you explain this stuff in a different way to how I learned it

[@masonhammers9497]

Currently in a coarse largely focused on MOSFETs and it was just lovely learning that the BJT's equivalent of a MOSFET's saturation region is called it's active region. Then to double down on the confusion, they called the linear/triode region of a MOSFET a BJT's saturation region. Ahhh I love electrical engineering.

[@kensmith5694]

IGBTs make it even more confusing. Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistors are really like a MOSFET driving a bipolar of the opposite gender. They, however tend not to be labeled that way.

[@agalah408]

Sounds like it was a coarse course.

[@beewyka819]

god that was a headache when i first learned about this shit

[@Zaros262]

Lol yeah. Personally, I think it's always clear to refer to the triode/saturation region as "linear" for both types and say "saturation"/"active" for FET/BJT Context helps a lot, though. Not sure I've ever encountered a situation where the term "saturation" actually caused ambiguity

[@monad_tcp]

hum, so that's why my mosfet exploded when I tried to use it as a BJT the other day, lol

[@jonlukewest4633]

This is exactly the BJT overview I needed. Thank you

[@unclesam6168]

Awesome vid Mehdi, please never be discouraged by lower view counts on your more educational videos as they are so high quality, and the view count should not matter to you as you are clearly so passionate about educating people about electronics in your own deranged way :P

[@uvtube2008]

To true Electrical engineers, his videos are like music from heaven. I regularly recommend his videos to practicing engineers and technicians to get things done much better than they would otherwise.

[@idko5452]

I'm working with electronics like 16 years and nobody, like nobody (school, forums and old repair men) did that great job explaning it in this detail to understand it properly like You, from this video everybody should understand fundamentals of transistors, amazing video great job Mhedi 💪

[@prvashisht]

OMG! How did you read my mind?? I just started looking for videos to understand BJTs and MOSFETs today and here you are! Thank you so much for this.

[@AndrienQ]

I've been playing guitar for over 20 years, and this is got into amp design that I'd never dreamed of; amazing video!

[@LordHonkInc]

Honestly, yes, this series (along with your other videos) has helped me tremendously in getting comfortable with small-scale electronics repairs. I'm still comfortably scared of high voltage stuff, but yeah, you've saved a lot of remotes, loudspeakers and the like from getting thrown out when it was easy to fix them; even hand-soldered my own keyboard after finally understanding how diodes work. So thank you a ton for all this free knowledge :)

[@Katia413]

Mehdi, your videos have been the key to helping me understanding concepts I thought I would never wrap my head around. It has unlocked so many doors on my career path as a controls engineer. I’m now delving into electronics and embedded systems, and I couldn’t be more excited! Thank you x1000 for your work on this platform, providing such a witty and engaging approach to what is normally very dry learning. You rule!

[@Thatoneperson1977]

This video couldn't be timed more perfectly! I have an exam on transistors coming up in a week. Thank you so so much you make everything so much easier

[@bupi.]

Petition to continue this Electroboom101 series.

[@F900_Gaming]

Mehdi, I was your your 962nd subscriber, I have never left you or your videos, they've educated me so much and I thank you for that 👍

[@jedithusnbixby2108]

When this account was made a year ago...

[@digitalchaos1980]

@@jedithusnbixby2108 I'd wager they probably meant 962,000th subscriber. Sounds more plausible.

[@F900_Gaming]

@@jedithusnbixby2108 Bro, not on this account, I have a main account that was the 962nd subscriber of electroboom. Sorry for any misunderstanding

[@UnicornAdvisory]

Thanks brother. Always putting out the best content since I found you in 2017. Cheers from Canada

[@davec8385]

These videos continue to be fantastic for concisely teaching electrical circuits! Thank you for making them, I hope you have a fantastic rest of your day

[@martin.winkelhofer]

ONE OF THE BEST "human" explanations of BJTs out there (from electrical engineering point of view). In around 10 minutes. Hats off. Need to pause to slow down the tempo, to use it to explain it to somebody else, but that's the style of videos we love so much about you, @ElectroBOOM. Stay the way you are! .. ello ello ommbrrello :)

[@stargazer7644]

I'm curious what other point of view BJTs might be explained from besides electrical engineering?

[@martin.winkelhofer]

@@stargazer7644 that would be the atomic / quantum mechanic level - what's happening at the PN junction and why it works the way it works (Veritasium has a nice one)

[@joelsmith5624]

Mehdi! You explained this better than any of my Engineering professors throughout me entire degree. I appreciate the refresher 🙌🏻

[@anton_c8gur]

WHAT A CHANNEL!!! WHAT A LOVELY CHANNELLL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@6754bettkitty]

0:10 Capacitor: the king of "pop" 🤣

[@Robbedoes2]

I know enough about Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors, but this video was pretty interesting and full of explaination about unclear parts of the oldskool transistor

[@pennamebic5262]

I recommend engineering students see your videos before they study transistors. Your explanations gives the students a real intuitive feel for the physics. The detailed semiconductor physics and mathematics I studied were actually quite abstract and honestly after years as an engineer were not as useful as your excellent examples. The minute differences in transistor fabrication and models is best learned after your introductions. Your doing a great job.

[@hv3750]

For those who confused diode model of npn transistor at 1:51, there is only a misdrawing. Both diodes should be directed to the outside.

[@cosmefulanito5933]

Brilliant 10 minute video that explains the basics. Excellently explained. Congratulations. I would have loved to have you as a teacher at school.

[@Jundas]

I don't why none of this stuff clicks in my head, but I love to hear him talk about it.

[@Soloist1983]

This made a ton of sense! Oddly, I now see the similarities between how vacuum tubes and transistors work

[@PetraKann]

Fleming patented the thermionic diode, the first practical vacuum tube electronic device, in Britain in 1904.

[@triffid0hunter]

@@PetraKann And Lilienfeld patented (US 1745175) the field effect transistor in 1925 - funny to think there's barely 20 years between the invention of the vacuum tube and the transistor!

[@Soloist1983]

@@triffid0hunter Wow, and it took us that long to adopt transistors?

[@ShaunieDale]

@@Soloist1983 not that long to adopt, Just that long to make them work!

[@SomeDudeInBaltimore]

@@Soloist1983 Just because the idea was patented doesn't mean there was a working one yet. They knew the potential of semiconductors from theories, but they spent that long making silicon and germanium sandwiches in a thousand different ways until the guys at Bell Labs finally did it. Kinda like how we know fusion works but don't have a commercial fusion power plant yet.

[@alessandrobaca8124]

I really liked it! Please continue, i would appreaciate a series about audio amplifiers. I would like to try out different circuit architectures on various levels of complexity. Awesome channel, as always. Let's also throw in MOSFETs and IGBTs.

[@PlasmaChannel]

Haha oh lordy, i've never been so willing to be slapped. Good video Mehdi!

[@shaunahn5730]

Thank you from Korea As a normal university student this video just helps out so much! i am really shocked at how you can explain everything so simply . you make it so easy

[@GeekRedux]

A better explanation of basic meanings and functions in 14 minutes than I got in 3 lectures of my EE program.

[@igorbondarev5226]

This is the best video about BJT's out there. Other authors omit real life things such as messy datasheets and hFE being not a constant. Respect

[@davefaust7317]

I earned an electronic engineering degree in '96 but the section on transistors was taught by a guy who was unfortunately on his way out so none of us in that particular class quite got it. This has been the best explanation I've heard since.

[@layfongchheat4856]

Man is the GOAT

[@aditya.21]

Hey Mehdi ! Love your videos and your style of explaining things

[@tylerstephenson8886]

God do I freaking love Electroboom. The dude makes electronics so approachable and fun.

[@TheSoldercreeper]

I wish I had both the diodes and transistors videos back then at my fourh semester. Would've helped me a lot

[@haroldfinz4863]

This was a brilliant video, an excellent lesson, thank you. Especially the clip, "BJT is like an adjustable resistor" (3:04 to 3:29) which means a lot to someone who got into EE (tangentially) near the dawn of the digital era.

[@johnslugger]

*Please show how to use an IGBT for high amperage power switching like BIG Battery to AC power inverters.*

[@brandonfurtado380]

Back when I was in school I would find it so difficult to undertsand concepts u explained but enjoyed ur videos so Id keep watching....now that im in uni I do understand quite alot of what u talk about in ur videos.. tbh a 1 hr class or 1 hr of reading doesnt help as much as your video helps understanding ...love the content simple and straight to the point with some fun

[@davidpanic]

That was a very good explanation, good job Mehdi!

[@iamboredfor2months]

THE VIDEO JUST RELEASED-

[@agl0d16]

Wait hol up-is this cuz of patreon?

[@pyroteamfrankenjunior]

@@iamboredfor2months yes and the comment is a day old

[@your_average_cultured_dude]

@@iamboredfor2months maybe the patreon supporters get a link to the unlisted video a day earlier than everyone else

[@pyroteamfrankenjunior]

@@agl0d16 I think so

[@halvorhansen]

This is super relevant to my studies right now. Thank you for these great videos

[@agalah408]

I'm not sure Mehdi should be teaching transistor theory. I think he's biased.

[@hyphen1210]

underrated

[@agalah408]

@@hyphen1210 Yay, thank you :)

[@bluekindasustho3370]

I expected many thousands likes. Many People properly didn't get the joke Underated AF

[@Arjuna_insync]

@@hyphen1210 lol 😜

[@avijatsinharoy8944]

I think he's just a beta male

[@davidtruelove5022]

Thank you! I recently had an issue with a pnp bjt that was supposed to a npn I just flipped it and everything started to work. Thanks for the 101 series. These are great refreshers even for experienced technicians

[@khushvendrabissa2031]

The diode equivalent of the NPN transistor at 1:52 is incorrect I guess.... The bottom diode should be reversed to bring the n side down and to make it "NPN" BTW nice video as always sir Mehdi ☺

[@user-yb4ok1xd1p]

finally a proof that i was not alone

[@danek_hren]

Yep, you're right

[@toymomofthree7870]

My son wants you to be his science teacher! He learns more from you than his own 7th grade teacher!! BRAVO GOOD SIR!

[@Indrakusuma_a]

Wait, you can use a speaker as a microphone? o.0 After all these years following this channel, I still don't understand a thing about electricity, yet I just keep coming back even rewatching the whole videos. But hey, at least I remember a name or two related electricity now ;D

[@hugoromeyn4582]

Yes. And you can use a microphone as a tiny speaker. Just like you can use a motor as a dynamo. Does it work perfectly? No, but it works.

[@jcsolt8323]

I have been watching videos on transistors for a couple days now. This is by far the best one! Thanks electroboom!

[@fliper975]

I've already watched this 3 times. No matter how many times my tiny brain gets an explanation on transistors I still think it's just magic.

[@tlatitude8586]

I slowed it down to .75 speed for a viewing and also recreated the drawings. I think it is helping a lot with the understanding, but I haven't finished yet.

[@fliper975]

@@tlatitude8586 I understand what they do, and how to use them. I just don't (fully) understand HOW they actually work. That diagram he threw up was actually something I haven't ever seen and made the internal layout make more sense

[@fliper975]

@@tlatitude8586 the understanding will come for both of us at some point. This is a great video

[@vinevicious]

@@fliper975 to really understand that you need to study solid state (and for that you need to know quantum mechanics)

[@DeShark88]

​@@vinevicious I'm not sure quantum mechanics is strictly a requirement. It helps explain what a band gap is and some stuff about majority/minority charge carriers, but really no-one is solving Schrödinger equations (or more accurately quantum electrodynamics vector field equations) for this stuff. It generally boils down to classic electrostatics for the most part.

[@khinoo4821]

Thank you, Your explanation is not only very informative but also very fun to watch

[@xTerminatorAndy]

Well done Mehdi. if a bjt is like 2 diodes, can you make a FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER with BJT's if you don't have a bridge or diodes handy?

[@ElectroBOOM]

Hehe! Interesting thought! They are not exactly equivalent in behavior, maybe I should try it. I would need to pair an npn and a pnp

[@JustPyroYT]

@@ElectroBOOM i would like to see that! :D

[@jhoughjr1]

@@ElectroBOOM the question is will it be an amplifier or an oscillator? Transistors like tow be fluid like that the more of them there are

[@windowsxpmemesandstufflol]

@@ElectroBOOM ooo

[@subhadepdas]

@@ElectroBOOM sir please make an video on freewheeling diode

[@baharam98]

What a joy to watch Mehdi make learning easy to understand through his balance of fun and info. BRILLIANT! Much love to everyone who seeks total freedom from all authorities except LOVE.

[@BayEmirkiYT]

I'm waiting for "how mosfet works"...

[@catalintimofti1117]

That works off my tears because i have to learn how it works

[@tekvax01]

Excellent demo Mehdi! I haven't thought about this stuff for many years after college, so it is always a welcome learning experience to refresh ones knowledge.

[@mrnovaxindividual-11]

I want to study electrical engineering in UG , Sir your videos are really helpfull 🙏🏻

[@lostguy362]

Jee ?

[@GeorgeFoot]

Brilliantly entertaining as always! I loved the inverted PNP graph, and laughed out loud when I saw the burn marks on the breadboard!

[@adriano2737]

1:11 🤨🤨🤨

[@1tgb4yb25ub5ub]

whats the t mean?????

[@1tgb4yb25ub5ub]

blow job ??????? trainer? tester? team? what would it be

[@xdeathstar]

I am a master's degree student at Technical University of Cluj and this explanations are really really good as a base to better understand transistors. I am amazed how you evaded all the theory and explained really plain and simple a difficult topic. I'm glad I subscribed to you, thank you Electroboom :D

[@devilette]

Wow this couldn't have come at a better time! I'm currently being held at gunpoint being forced to describe the operation of BJT transistors! Thanks Mehdi!

[@zacharybethel401]

Subscribed as a masters in electrical engineering. I laughed too hard when you reminded me the bjt cross section couldnt hurt me. Priceless. You deserve a comedy central special.

[@sangamxghimire]

I have my electronics exam tomorrow

[@ChristChamoun-t5l]

Same

[@Study_electronics_tips]

I am also in this field Where are you from?

[@uaalscn11]

i have my final in 3 hours

[@jackburnett4430]

I'm watching you after a study hiatus to try and get back up to speed and damn I wish my lecturers were this engaging! I love the way you jumped straight into setting up an amp before just info dumping about gain and all the different types

[@markcarneiro]

watched this full video. only remembered the micheal jackson part😆

[@jebkermen6087]

I would love the 101 series to continue.

[@johnaweiss]

1:22 Omg, proof that you use a green screen! I knew your background was fake. I mean, you never actually go back there and touch things. So, if your background is a projection, how do i know your foreground isn't also a projection? How do i know you're not a projection? How do i know i'm not a projection? How do i know the person reading this is not a projection? We must face the horror. We are just the tiny plaything of an alien species, who toy with the quantum fabric of space and time as we toy with BJT's.

[@MrSomethingdark]

I am almost crying rn. After books, papers and all these tutorials Mehdi finally did it for me. I finally understand these little devils! GIVE THIS MAN A NOBEL PLEASE!!!

[@025Shivam]

Video on MOSFET please DADDY!!

[@srijanraghavula]

This channel is so fun. I thought it was just him getting himself in trouble but I'm learning well here. I'mma sub.

[@liveen]

I wish more music producers watched electronics videos, terms like clipping etc make so much more sense when you get to see it in action visually, in the field the term originally came from

[@stefanfinesse7521]

I just wanna say I came across your page because im an EE student. I usually dont be too happy in classses. this just made me smile odeeee. Thnak you for being educational and fun....a rare achievement for EE instructors

[@deepaknarayan]

His explanation of small signal analysis was so well done!

[@dfs-comedy]

As an electrical engineer *and* a comedian, I love this channel. Fantastic comedy and really excellent teaching.

[@sirspamalot4014]

Something I didn't learn at uni but learned just now, Beta and Hfe are the same. Thank you, that's why I watch these even though I feel like I already know how they work, I still learn something.

[@nDarien]

Recently started to learn about transistors, this video helps a lot!

[@narayananmohan8114]

Despite having gotten a masters a year ago, I'm still feeling like I'm being assaulted by memories of my undergrad's second year classes. Well done sir - You've reawoken some old nightmares.

[@johnrychlomboy1479]

Thank you for explaining it clearly!!! btw you really look like chess grandmaster Kasparov

[@cmoki-ta]

Thanks!! I didn't understand the logic behind these, and now i know!

[@TheBombanater]

Im studying electrical engineering. I've been struggling in my Electronic Devices class. ElectroBOOM has been super helpful at answering questions i missed in the reading

[@rivergranniss3740]

Perfect timing! The module on BJT transistors in my circuits class started this week at university!

[@lurkersmith810]

When I went to school in the 1970s they were still teaching vacuum tubes, and maybe giving one hour per semester of "lip service" about transistors, which consisted of a snooze worthy film about electrons and holes with no explanation of how transistors worked in circuits. (They were a couple of decades behind in technology, and what I learned only helped my old age hobby of collecting and fixing old tube radios.) Thanks for helping us old geezers (re)learn about transistors!

[@jonathanlister5644]

You are just a brilliant teacher mate! Injecting humour keeps folks hooked on your message Brilliant!

[@markchan7241]

Thank you for informing me 🙂❤

[@stuffthings9618]

"That cross section cant hurt you" Thanks I needed this.

[@ElectroTechnics-g4s]

Nice topic bro... I learned a lot... ❤

[@SidewinderINC]

Using transistors in guitar effects pedals, and whilst I am following other circuit designs I'm needing to make mods, this is a really helpful video for starting the journey! thank you!

[@Zzzzzzzzz678]

This video is loaded with information, but it was about the most useful video on the topic I have ever seen

[@Autumn_Sunrise]

My 10 year old son watches your videos because he’s very into electricity and how it works! So I subscribed myself. Thank you for teaching my future electrician!

[@CaptainCandycorn]

I just had my first day of linear circuits class (MAE40) at university and this came up. Very excited to learn a new field of material!

[@gnarmyskateboardco]

i used to see you shock yourself and saw your face looking up transistors for guitar pedals and it was easy to decide to watch your video. even without shocking yourself though, you are an awesome youtuber and teacher!

[@magicalframe9441]

I'm currently taking basic electrical for my A&P license and this helped a ton.