Steven Bonta's decipherment of Indus script.

Steven Bonta is a Phd in Linguistics from Cornell where he did extensive work in South Asian languages. A two-time Fulbright Scholar, and has done fieldwork in Tamil and Telugu dialectology in Sri Lanka. He has worked on the Indus Valley script for more than three decades, including an MA thesis in the mid-1990s.
Decipherment paper: www.academia.edu/105163460/A_...
Read Bonta's other papers here: independent.academia.edu/Stev...
00:00 Intro
01:00 Decipherment is an art
07:00 Indus sites and seals
15:00 Types of writing
18:03 What works and doesn't
25:31 Ascertain the writing system
26:54 Fields
33:55 M-fields
38:51 O-subfield
41:00 Staff sign
42:47 The U sign
44:16 Patterned and complex
48:07 P,C,T-fields
53:09 Sanskrit Noun compounding
1:01:34 Metrology
1:09:56 pala
1:11:49 The first signs
1:19:30 The 5 initial values
1:22:55 The signary
1:34:51 Reading complex inscriptions
1:39:46 The T-fields
1:49:04 Meanings of readings
1:55:55 Conclusions
2:05:40 Discussion and Questions

[@yajnadevam]

Summary: Indus inscriptions seem to exhibit noun compounding, a characteristic of Indo-Aryan languages. Indus inscriptions are divided into fields, some fields contain measurement data. Based on this, values for 3 primary signs: pala, matra, dhanus were postulated. The other signs were derived from dictionary search of compounds containing these primary signs. The meaningful readings from this method are claimed to be a successful partial decipherment. Note to viewers: Skip to the timestamps in the description for the areas of your interest.

[@RLP90Gdpy-qv8jt]

Indus language Is not Arya language Stop your proboganda many Western people try to protect indian brahamins people.😂😂😂😂😂

[@NirmalKumar-ru2ke]

JOURNEY OF CIVILIZATION INDUS TO VAGAI BOOK IS MAIN PROOF ...Then i am also lot evidence available people speak to Mainly Tamil language only.. Why? ..I have proof. 1.)TAMIL language total Number of inscription 67000 nos..Then inscription age 700.B.C. 2.)SANSKRIT total inscription is 4500 only..Sanskrit INSCRIPTION is 100.B.C 3.)Sangam literature lot proof avaialable..Sangam Literature land wise People how survive lot poem available. Kurinji land - mountain land, Mullai land- Tree land, Marutham land -aggreculture land , Neythal land - sea land , Paalai land - Desertland or Sand land or waste land ,So land wise poem avaialable..Sangam Litrature lot poem avaialable in desert land poems..Sangam Literature writing 2500 year ago.. This is the mainly Proof .. India lot INSCRIPTION avaialable 1.)Tamizhi inscription 2.)Poly language inscription 3.)Ashoca inscription 4.)Devanagari inscription.. 5.)SANSKRIT inscription Then Tamil language world wide Lot of evidence is available. But Sanskrit evidence little bit only available..

[@NirmalKumar-ru2ke]

JOURNEY OF CIVILIZATION INDUS TO VAGAI BOOK IS MAIN PROOF ...Then i am also lot evidence available people speak to Mainly Tamil language only.. Why? ..I have proof. 1.)TAMIL language total Number of inscription 67000 nos..Then inscription age 700.B.C. 2.)SANSKRIT total inscription is 4500 only..Sanskrit INSCRIPTION is 100.B.C 3.)Sangam literature lot proof avaialable..Sangam Literature land wise People how survive lot poem available. Kurinji land - mountain land, Mullai land- Tree land, Marutham land -aggreculture land , Neythal land - sea land , Paalai land - Desertland or Sand land or waste land ,So land wise poem avaialable..Sangam Litrature lot poem avaialable in desert land poems..Sangam Literature writing 2500 year ago.. This is the mainly Proof .. India lot INSCRIPTION avaialable 1.)Tamizhi inscription 2.)Poly language inscription 3.)Ashoca inscription 4.)Devanagari inscription.. 5.)SANSKRIT inscription Then Tamil language world wide Lot of evidence is available. But Sanskrit evidence little bit only available..

[@VSM101]

@@RLP90Gdpy-qv8jt how do you know that have you deciphered it lmao moron

[@user-wf7yn8gd8z]

Someone who can't even write properly should not lecture

[@yamsox]

Thank you Yajnadevam for giving the opportunity to Steven Bonta to share his work. Much gratitude to him for the decades of research he has done. I am increasingly in awe of the Sanatana Dharma.

[@ranapratapsingh3416]

The Vedic Rishis and sages may have created this Indus script to preserve their Vedas, upanishads and puranas.

[@zojozojo-ox6wj]

😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣🤣​@@ranapratapsingh3416

[@KrishnaAyilavarapu]

The measurement of "Pala" was used until 1940s in Telugu states. 16 Palams or 16 Masham = 1 Karsha (half oz) = 20 Chinnamu. The unit is small weight measurement as such grains like black gram seeds or Guruvinda seeds are used as weights on one side of balance to measure the weight of precious metals and gems. Pala also means meat in telugu. Tula and Kasu are the other measurements still being used for weighing gold.

[@drashokkumar9209]

' PALA' was a unit of weight , mentioned in KAUTILYA ARTHASHASTRA . Interestingly , ' PALA ' is also used in rural Jharkhand to measure certain forest products , like CHIRONJI ( almondette ) .

[@user-mz6ch8rt2f]

Professor Bonta’s work is truly fascinating!

[@DasanaMitana]

This outstanding video offers a comprehensive analysis of the Indus Script Decipherment, making a compelling three-hour watch. Dr. Bonta, trained under the renowned Dravidianist Iravatham Mahadevan, stands out in the field for his expertise in both Dravidian and Indo-Aryan languages. This unique dual perspective is rare in a field typically dominated by specialists in one language family. Dr. Bonta's work convincingly suggests that the Indus Script is Indo-Aryan. Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) was likely multilingual, with Dravidian languages prevalent in its southern regions, while Sanskrit may have been a predominant written language and Lingua Franca, akin to Latin's role in Europe. Evidence supporting this includes the Dravidian-origin word 'Pilu'/'Piru' for ivory, which was used in Akkadian and linked to IVC trade. Additionally, a study of Sumerian texts reveals that around 30 out of nearly 60 musical terminologies - encompassing names of instruments, singers, songs, and even musical notations - are phonetically and semantically similar to ancient Indian Sanskrit terms, albeit with some 'Sumerianization'. This study, detailed in Vyas 2020, also identifies patterns in how these words were adapted into Sumerian, finding close to 90 Sanskrit terms in this context within Sumerian texts. These findings suggest that the musicians referenced were likely Harappans, indicating a cultural and linguistic exchange between these ancient civilizations.

[@themaskedman5954]

That "pilu" paper is a garbage All the data presented in that paper is wrong that author makes very silly mistakes throughout that is laughable For eg she says fowl is called as "Kori" in Tamil but we only say "Kozhi" not kori😂

[@DasanaMitana]

@@themaskedman5954 I didn't realize that 'Pilu' paper author is not even a linguist but a Tech person working in software industry. She even published that paper in Nature. This tells me that even if your paper is shit but in line or supports with "mainstream" theories, they will allow publishing it. But even if legit research comes out challenging the "mainstream" views then they will block it. Academia has become a laughing stock of "schools of thought" politics with strong stonewalling.

[@mangopudding5979]

So called Aryans and Dravidians never existed.

[@nandans2506]

​@@themaskedman5954tulu people say kori. Tulu is a distant cousin of tamil and split is very early on from the proto dravidian family

[@ranapratapsingh3416]

The pilu paper is completely garbage. The dravidian hypothesis scholars can't go beyond few signs ( fish sign).

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

1.48.25 we have 10 direction in sanskrit And every direction protected by asht digpal अष्ट दिग्पाल plus 2 extra Here number of line shows king territory which is protected by king

[@ivarhakuse8572]

If you used colons instead of full stops in the time signature it becomes a link. Also you can tap/click the time signature icon found on the right of the box you type your comments in to make it even easier!!!

[@brahmoser1432]

By far most scientifically and logically researched paper summary I've ever seen releted to IVC script. Hope will know more details in near future without any political ego stuff 😅

[@beauforda.stenberg1280]

This was a personally, very rewarding watch.

[@Apastamgha]

Thanks to Dr. Bonta for the excellent methodology and approach. I am wondering if there may be some conceived assumptions that a) Sanskrit is the spoken language b) Caste system rather than "profession-based system or Varna" c) short text dominated (rather than signs) analysis, etc. Prof. Rao (while excavating Dwaraka) mentioned lots of seals on shipments that explain the goods/merchandise in Medetarian trade. Another interesting fact is, Brahmi was everywhere in Bharat in different variances. In Andhra Pradesh, Bhattiprolu excavations proved that Telugu language is written in Bhami and even in Temples such as Gudimellam, Ramalingeswara Swamy temple, etc. during 3-4th century BCE. I concur with you that there was a missing link between Indus script to Brami script. However, Brahmi is more popular as it is more structured. Please add me to the future seminars! It is a great topic

[@anuradham8435]

Very interesting ❤ thank you

[@LS-ql4wp]

Yajnadevam shd in the next video discuss his own paper with him

[@LS-ql4wp]

Must say it is way more complicated than yajna devam's decipherment

[@baztel5561]

The Vedas our literature of Sanatan Dharma, Oldest scriptures in the world Smriti & Shruti transmitted orally & memorised by our great Sages & Rishis. This orally recited & memorised even before the Indus Saraswati hydrographic finds, The seals of Pashupati in Mulabhandasana pose as that of Adhiyogy & the seals found of man in peepal tree awaiting by hungry tiger nearby is known even today as of a man on peepal tree fasting on Shivratri Shiva first Adhiyogy until next day as the hunger tiger had left. The proof of Sanatan Dharma is embedded in our civilisation from the beginning of Manu scriptures deciphering may help but memory of culture will always be here today & future 😊😊😊

[@zojozojo-ox6wj]

🤣🤣🤣😂😂

[@DeccanPS]

Thank you for the video. Great efforts by Dr Bonta. Please bring in more such videos. People are hungry for genuine scholarship and not the Witzel school of misinterpretation.

[@ranapratapsingh3416]

Very well said.

[@mevenstien]

Nice video , thank you for posting his work here. Those early times in India and its influences on indus valley are fascinating and can teach us alot.I find it very interesting. Been wondering about the Little seals as to being tributes to be paid , offerings to temples, and other trade in commerce . Well done! Have you or steve done any work on the excavated similar early egyptian "scorpion king" seals as early commerce or similar uses in connection with these very early indus seals and their influencial roles? Enjoyed this video and the Q&A afterward too. Looking forward to more ✨️🙂✨️

[@MARK-gp9hb]

He did it! Every other attempt at deciphering it which has been made pales in comparison! He is also good at explaining, it was very easy to understand, it kept me stuck to the screen the whole time. Now the question is what about the other words that are still undeciphered, maybe they are not indoarian and were borrowed, maybe the IVC had both indoarians and non-indoarians as inhabitants like in the case of the Mittanni. I also wonder what criticism he received, if there are any issues with this research and if it can be improved

[@user-lh9no8ps2s]

Great work 😮 Dr Bonta

[@OfficialGOD]

2:30:46 Thanks!

[@OpenRecords]

The most informative presentation on the Indus Valley text I’ve ever seen and really blows it right open. Just wow

[@extremaz9908]

Very nice presentation on a sensitive but enthralling topic. It seems to me that if we are comparing what we presume to be names which are composed of a few short sounds with names and name-endings that we find in a large body of literature, then we would expect to get a certain number of hits by chance alone. It would be promising to explore if it's possible to show that the amount of names that you have identified exceeds that than would be expected by chance alone.

[@meeras.g8087]

Great, perfect logic. Thank you.

[@lewisrobinson3380]

1:06:07 the symbol for Ma here looks a bit like one of the Chinese Hanja for má 麻 (hemp) upside down and simplified.

[@nikitaagarwal5691]

Thank you for this lecture. I have a question. @2:40:00 Steve mentions about budha stupa at mohe jo daro sight however in my knowledge Gautam budha is believed to have lived in 5-6 century BCE. what am I missing?

[@yajnadevam]

A stupa was built on top of the old IVC ruins.

[@nikitaagarwal5691]

@@yajnadevam Is it possible then that Buddhist stories or myths may have recorded their findings about IVC?

[@NishantKumar-ry9rp]

Woh stupa bahut baad ka hai, indus valley civilisation ke time ka nahi.​@@nikitaagarwal5691

[@NishantKumar-ry9rp]

​@@nikitaagarwal5691lagbhag kushan period ka.

[@linguistme6870]

@@nikitaagarwal5691 dear friend just a bitter truth if you accept then good , if you don't then also your choice but don't troll me after reading As per Matsya Purana chapter 271-272 can be used to find the time period of Siddarth Gautam Buddha which is only around 1200-1250 years after Mahabharat . So if we accept MB dating of around 3000s BCE as per of 700+ inscriptions found till date out of which Aihole Inscription is most famous then Siddarth (who was son of Suddhodhan , grandson of Shakya, father of Rahul in Ikshavku lineage) should be around 1800s BCE. The PURANS like Vishnu , Matsya , Vayu even claims Mauryas in 1500-1300 BCE time frame The Puranas list names of all dynasties of KALI in Parallel is mentioned.

[@sudhanvabhat3100]

Dear Sir, Can you read out megalithic graffiti since they share many symbols with indus script. There are mixed inscriptions of megalithic graffiti and brahmi

[@yajnadevam]

A few of them can be read. Mostly no, because they are so short.

[@sudhanvabhat3100]

@@yajnadevam Thank you for the answer! A fan from IISc Bangalore

[@yajnadevam]

@@sudhanvabhat3100 would love to present at IISC if you can arrange it

[@newi-nb8jt]

Good interesting work, are all seals considered , since some were found outside India, what it would have represented in west Asia??? Because then language should be common or colonies of people should be there, what evidence suggests??? Both of u have done quite diligent research

[@linguistme6870]

ah there happens to some confusion to you here . As per genetic studies in 2500 BCE people from Afghan-Iran region migrated to west asia and then there is another Steppe migration(AMT) into India around 1600 BCE time frame.

[@newi-nb8jt]

@@linguistme6870 well genetic studies don't show large scale migration, the relation is more linguistic not genetic in case of sanskrit and other languages, genetic data don't show migration from West Asia but most probably form common location from central Asia Pontiac steppe

[@jahanaraklug705]

Why should it all be Base in english? When i visited mohenjo i was welcomed..with the following word at the entrance of the priest and i m not craizy...,it took quiet long.you came back dear daughter...

[@mver191]

I see great logic in this. I just have a question. Variants on pater (father) and mater (mother) are found in every indo european language. So patra meaning father and matra mother would make more sense to me than king or prince. The Ma however is an interesting symbol here. It either looks like a breast or female private part, which would makes sense in both instances. The Pa(la) looks like a pole, and a variant of pala is still used in mainland Europe for pole (Paal in Dutch for example). With just a slight bit of fantasy you can connect a pole to something a male has. Another word that would be interesting is "water" or some variant on it. We know the Hittites already used a variant on this word. So it would be the va/wa with the 3 stripes in theory.

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

1.53.17 is maatoshri मातोश्री Name very good name

[@allampatisreedharreddy440]

Phala as a measurements in our part of Nellore dt until the 1980s. Mainly by vegetable and fish sellers wos wod sell them house to house.

[@Sara-cy3wo]

Great work I always hoped to one day see some serious work on the deciphering of the script. Thanks a lot

[@-757-]

Interesting and informative. Thanks for the work

[@Ivvanir]

The domestication of the Horse in 'Central Asia is consequential to the end of the Indus Valley Civilization. Armed Adventurous young Central Asians assembled near Kandahar in the west to raid the Valley through the hostile impregnable Bolan Pass.

[@ChinmayKelkar1707]

Amazing work by Dr Bonta - history will remember him far more kindly than the present is... This is breakthrough research - wish GOI could help fund these type of studies and genuine scholars with no agendas! Thank you for giving him this platform!

[@sumanair9317]

Ancient people have a habit of burning the scriptures after memorizing. That might be the reason for an absence of long textured scripts or scriptures.In Sanskrit, the translation of grass is "thrunam".pel or pul is a Dravidian word for grass

[@jamesraymond1158]

Wonderful! Keep plugging away.

[@mohansatpute5948]

Dear Yajna Devam, you and Dr. Bonta should work together on this topic.

[@DasanaMitana]

The Indus Valley Script decipherment is happening at the right time, because Indo-Iranians Steppe theory does not hold water and has a lot of glaring gaps, not limited to: 1. The arrival of Steppe ancestry in India was very late, post-1000 BC. Swat is not relevant because it is female-mediated (Narasimhan et al.) unless someone believes that a bunch of Andronovo women seduced Indian guys to write Rigveda. Indian Steppe ancestry source is very different from Swat Steppe ancestry and is much later. 2. Brahmi is already attested in Anuradhpura Sri-Lanka by 600 BC in Middle-Indo-Aryan Prakrit and that settlement came from Indian‐derived black and-red ware culture in 900 BC which is in line with the split of Proto-Sinhalese around 1000 BC by Heggarty et al. Both 1&2 can't happen at the same time. 1. In Tamil Nadu, spanning 600-300 BCE, there is no evidence of Steppe ancestry in the examined samples. This period is critical because the attestation of Middle Indo-Aryan Prakrit in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, by 600 BCE precedes the Tamil Nadu samples timeline and that too without Steppe ancestry. Of course, one can argue that Tamilians should not have Steppe ancestry, but most modern Tamilians do have Steppe ancestry. 3. Mitanni Empire Indo-Aryan's 1761 BC presence cannot be explained by the Steppe-Andronovo route as it was too late to arrive in Syria around 1800 BC, as an already established elite force, from Andronovo through BMAC ('Indra' the Vedic god of the gods is a loan word from BMAC) and have the Proto-Indo-Iranian to Indo-Aryan split. Remember, Sintashta (2004 BC -1852 BC), which is Proto-Indo-Iranian, is the predecessor of Andronovo culture. There are barely 50-100 years left to do all of the above, it is nearly impossible to pull that off during that time. Hasanlu site which is associated with origin of Mitanni has 22% IVC ancestry and a Swat haplogroup L-Y6288. 'Hasanlu Bowl' archeological artifact shows clear Mitanni Indo-Aryan connection (Francfort 2008). There is no Sintashta ancestry in Hasanlu. 4. There is not even a single archeological evidence in India, Iran or Mitanni that connects these regions to Steppes. 5. R1a-Z93 subclades in India are locally derived from Y3+ and L657 clade which are not found in Steppes, which contradicts mass migration from Steppes. On the other hand, there was mass migration from Andronovo Steppes to Xinjiang and we do see Steppe clades in Xinjiang but NOT in India. Even if R1a-Y3 is found in Steppes then it should be in large number and from Andronovo, which is nearly impossible. But either way, it doesn’t matter much because R1a in India does not show any correlation with Steppe ancestry. For eg: Jats are L1a 37%, Q 16%, J 10% and probably less than 15% R1a (which is Steppe Y-DNA marker), so highest Steppe ancestry people show no correlation with R1a. Even Chenchu tribals has 27% R1a with barely any steppe ancestry. This means Steppe ancestry is very likely female-mediated ancestry and there is no correlation between Steppe autosomal ancestry and R1a Steppe haplogroup in India. This happens when: 1 Steppe ancestry did not come through males but through females. 2 Along with these females, there were some males who underwent specific R1a local mutations (Y3+ and L657) in the Indian subcontinent or carried it from Steppes, and as these intermediate female Steppe ancestry/male Indian mixed ancestry people spread further in India, they spread the Steppe ancestry. This mixed group of people had folks with R1a haplogroup with very low Steppe ancestry and folks with Indian haplogroups (L1a, R2, H, J, etc) with high Steppe ancestry. This group expanded and very likely exploded in their expansion from there on. 6. It is very hard to believe that so-called glorious Aryans came from the Steppes between 1700 to 1500 BC started composing RigVeda and suddenly forgot their entire journey from their glorious Steppe homeland, but perfectly remembered their mythology. There is no mention of anything even remotely related to Steppes in RigVeda. 7. BMAC’s familiarity with horses, evidenced by depictions of horseback riding on seals and pottery, connects it to Iranian culture. This link is further supported by elements such as Soma, Ephrada, decapitated horses, and chariots found within BMAC artifacts. Notably decapitated horses and chariots predate their discovery in the Sintashta culture, aligning with the hypothesis of BMAC as an Iranian civilization. Chief Excavator of BMAC, Mr. Sarianidi, also concluded that BMAC was an Iranian civilization with Indo-Aryan influences. 8. Genetic Evidence from Kashmir (1200 BCE and 2nd-3rd Century AD): 1 1200 BCE Samples: Genetic analysis of samples from Kashmir dating to 1200 BCE reveals no Steppe ancestry. This finding is crucial as it pertains to a period that is often associated with the spread of Indo-Aryan languages in the region. The inhabitants of this site engaged in regular trade with the Harappans. 2 Later Steppe Ancestry Influence: Contrastingly, samples from the 2nd to 3rd century AD in Kashmir show significant Central Asian Steppe ancestry. This suggests a much later arrival of Steppe ancestry in India, not aligning with the period of Indo-Aryan language development. 9. Even Narasimhan seems to back off from his 2019 paper's Steppe-Indo-Aryan claims in his latest tweet: twitter.com/vagheesh/status/1685100012223836160 (summarizing it below) 1. "I’m a bit on the fence on this one (Heggarty et al. 2023). Will wait on the genetics from Iran and India. The flip side to this argument (BSI-IIr affinity) though is the other linguistic tree (Chang et al. 2015) is very difficult to reconcile with the genetics. No steppe ancestry in anatolia. Steppe ancestry arriving so late into the BMAC and in extremely low proportion into India, with Gandhara grave showing female bias. Ancestry (in India) is still much much smaller than in Europe and R1a could have just been the result of a single successful kingdom expanding in historical times." 10. Sinauli Chariot Vedic Site Evidence (2000 BCE - 1900 BCE) indicates No Steppe Ancestry: This is crucial because the site, featuring chariot burials, weapons, and warriors, is often linked to the Vedic culture, by both Kurgan and non-kurgan camp, which is central to the development of Indo-Aryan languages. 90% of the Sinauli site artifacts are indigenous and distinct from Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) and remaining 10% are from IVC. This is interesting. It could imply that IVC was Indo-Aryan but not necessarily Vedic. Additionally, there is more evidence from Dr. Bonta’s Indus Script decipherment mentioned below: 1. Indus script wirtings does not have any Vedic god references but it does have a reference to Soma. This could indicate that it is not Vedic (but still Indo-Aryan), which is in line with a recent statement from the Archeological Survey of India, which said the Sinauli site, which is Vedic, is distinct from the Indus Valley Civilization. Remember, IVC ancestry = Indo-Aryan but the question of Vedic Aryan vs Non-Vedic Aryan is a matter of distinct cultures within larger Indo-Aryan framework. Vedic people could have resided in Northern IVC and rest outside IVC but in the Northwestern and Western Indian subcontinent close to Iran borders. On the other hand, If you have high AASI ancestry (not Austro-Asiatic) then you are likely a Dravidian speaker, but of course this depends on geographical location and is not Black/White. 2. It references a king (Somabhu) who is into Moon worship, almost like a founder of the Lunar dynasty. This is critical because the places where IVC ancestry proportion is high, like the Deccan plateau, have most of the Empires/Kingdoms that claim to be descendants of the Lunar Dynasty through Krishna Yadavas. Lord Krishna is one of the most important figures in the Lunar Dynasty. This native Deccan population also lacks significant Vedic influence and is in line with Outer Indo-Aryan languages (like Marathi and Konkani) spoken by non-Vedic people, whereas Vedic people spoke Inner Indo-Aryan languages (related to Hindi). But these Outer and Inner Indo-Aryans were already mixed post-1800 BC, though they might have retained some of their earlier core characteristics. 3. Dr. Bonta said the words in the IVC script resemble somewhere between the Pre-RigVedic to RigVedic eras. 4. This is a partial decipherment and he does not claim that he has deciphered all of it. He hints that the civilization could be multi-lingual, with Sanskrit playing a role similar to Latin as a written language in Europe. 5. Most of the decipherment concerns Royal names, Royal titles, King names, Caste-related names and epithets. But this does NOT mean Out of India theory is right. Geneticists have recently been doing research on West to East migration of Iran Neolithic ancestry people (along with minor Anatolian ancestry) coming to Indian Subcontinent and mixing with ancestors with Indus Valley people. They could be the source of Indo-Iranian languages. Note that the Northwest Indian subcontinent very likely already had this Iran Neolithic like ancestry but without Anatolian ancestry.

[@Drsjanakiraman64]

WOW ! Excellent 👍🏻

[@williamliamsmith4923]

Very good analysis

[@OpenRecords]

Brilliant analysis. If Dr Bonta is right, and I suspect he is, it certainly pushes back the first time the word Vasudeva was written down by many thousands of years.

[@katyayansarkar3697]

Woww...can you a number how can I contact you

[@nandans2506]

Interesting read. Very well put together

[@neil9457]

Please have a brief session on German linguist Kurt Schildman's decipherment on Indus Script. His outstanding achievement is the decipherment of the ancient Indian Indus Valley script in the mid-1990s - recognition of the phonetic structure of Paleo-Sanskrit which was not 'officially' recognized by AMT elites that controls the system. Kurt Schildmann worked as an interpreter for the new German Federal Ministry of Defense until his retirement in 1974, he founded the "Society of German Linguists", of which he later served as president and which published various of his publications.

[@dr.hussainbuxkolachi6343]

I heard this presentation while in Hyderabad Sindh heart of Indus valley i have visited 20 times mohanjo daro this lecture has done great service to original residents of Indus valley to decipher the script

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

1.30.56 time Suma word is swaym bhu स्वयं भू राजा

[@sourajitchanda1100]

Simply awesome ❤🙂👍🏼

[@ranapratapsingh3416]

Great work from Steven Bonta. I tried to contact him before he never replied back to me. IVC is post-rigvedic society. By no means Saraswathi river is post-IVC. Some of the hymns in Rigveda easily go back to 7000 years BP especially the hymns that glorify saraswathi river as mighty and flowing all the way from Himalayas to the ocean.

[@anuradham8435]

Super…v impressive Dr. Bonta…thank you so much 🙏🏼

[@indusscript]

I appreciate the Steven Bonta's efforts

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

महादेव mahadev Vasudev वासुदेव Indradev इन्द्रदेव Devswami देवस्वामी

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

2.05.10 vasukra or vasisth वशिष्ठ

[@MichaelMarko]

I love this! Fantastic!

[@mohansatpute5948]

This is the most comprehensive IVC decipherment effort and most likely near to the reality.

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

1.28.01 time in vedio Tri pati is Tripathi त्रिपाठी

[@Loksog47]

Very nice video

[@Vswagat]

2:11:57 🎉

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

1.25.14 vedio time discussing name in sanskrit

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

Mh4650 is bhopalasy mean bhopal k liye mean for bhopal BHOPAL is Capital of madhypradesh

[@sudumama]

superb

[@mlucasGrindstone]

I really enjoyed this. It opened my eyes to several things. Something has been weighing on my mind, the Bible has a similar structure and lineage. My postulate is the earliest aspects of the Bible come from the Mitanni, the Priestly Elite in the Levant. Working with this Abraham AKA Abram… was Brahmin! His two wives Sarah and Hagar correspond to the Saraswati in Hagar Swati.. tributaries of the Indus River… it was a written record of when the Saraswati was barren. One other key connection was the high priest Melchizedek who was the king and a priest. In India Malki Sadek… a king present in The Vedas. I have limited access to texts to do research, but I see many parallels in the structure of the history.

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

Deva dhi dev mahadev

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

Or som raja mean chandrama चंद्रमा

[@ranapratapsingh3416]

maa + traa = U ( with spoon inside ) + III . Perfect.

[@NandKishor-fn5me]

Or इन्द्र

[@Ivvanir]

The hardness and speed of the Horse made it possible for the marauders to Breach the Bolan Pass and randomly attack the hapless inhabitants.who fled the Valley to safer areas

[@traps-vari4533]

Experts have established that the script of the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) has no links to Indo-European derived languages. Sanskrit and Hindi belong to the Indo-European language family, and any forceful attempt to find links is futile. The IVC script is indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. The only Indian language that shares scripts with the IVC script is the proto-Tamil family, also known as Tamizhi (commonly Brahmi), which is the family to which Tamil and other Dravidian languages belong. To learn more about the Indus script, consider watching the TED lecture by Mr. Rajesh Rao on the subject. Since many North Indians may not have encountered information about Tamil history in their NCERT textbooks, they might not be aware of the evolution of the Tamil language or the history of the Tamil Civilization. This presents an opportunity to educate oneself about origin and evolution of languages that are indigenous to ancient India.

[@yajnadevam]

Experts have established that the script of the Indus valley civilization (IVC) is Sanskrit and any forceful attempts to link it to Proto-Tamil is futile. To learn more, watch other videos on this channel.

[@traps-vari4533]

@@yajnadevam 🤣 I wish you all best with your efforts. I really hope you were right. But when I look at the arguments made on both sides, Sanskrit does not hold water. Neither genetics nor linguistic connections have been established between IVC and Indo-European elements. Sanskrit is an Indo-European language. Sanskrit-speaking Brahmins have a major Central Asian & European ancestry. IVC existed thousands of years before the ancestors of present day Brahmin immigrated from Central Asia and Europe. We all know how Sanskrit's phonology was influenced by ancient Dravidian languages.

[@eshwarprasad524]

"Experts" are literally tryng to force fit IVC as "non Indo-Aryan" because it messes up their Aryan Migration Theory timelines lmao. Keep an open mind and just chill out, the world isn't that simple. Won't it be more fun if IVC turns out to be Indo Aryan? The so called experts will be in shambles XD

[@premgogdia7677]

I'm north indian but tamil bro is right

[@NirmalKumar-ru2ke]

JOURNEY OF CIVILIZATION INDUS TO VAGAI BOOK IS MAIN PROOF ...Then i am also lot evidence available people speak to Mainly Tamil language only.. Why? ..I have proof. 1.)TAMIL language total Number of inscription 67000 nos..Then inscription age 700.B.C. 2.)SANSKRIT total inscription is 4500 only..Sanskrit INSCRIPTION is 100.B.C 3.)Sangam literature lot proof avaialable..Sangam Literature land wise People how survive lot poem available. Kurinji land - mountain land, Mullai land- Tree land, Marutham land -aggreculture land , Neythal land - sea land , Paalai land - Desertland or Sand land or waste land ,So land wise poem avaialable..Sangam Litrature lot poem avaialable in desert land poems..Sangam Literature writing 2500 year ago.. This is the mainly Proof .. India lot INSCRIPTION avaialable 1.)Tamizhi inscription 2.)Poly language inscription 3.)Ashoca inscription 4.)Devanagari inscription.. 5.)SANSKRIT inscription Then Tamil language world wide Lot of evidence is available. But Sanskrit evidence little bit only available..

[@sumanair9317]

So do you say that it's Proto sanskrit? If so the Yamnaya people or Eurasian people migrated and mixed with Indus people much before we anticipated? If so why is there an Archeological evidence of the similar kind of building constructions, advanced sewage canals, etc and pottery styles etc were absent during 1500-1000 BCE? Humans have a habit of repeating or replicating their habitat,habit, wherever they go!! But we haven't seen the IVC type of buildings &construction method is totally absent later on? Doesn't show us any evidence to connect ,they were the same people as far as the habitat is concerned. But you say that Lang has connected!! Need more clarity!!

[@nandans2506]

Decadence is a common phenomenon. We assume time is linear and we keep progressing however history shows us that urbanization/de-urbanization is a common occurrence. Civilizations rise and fall owing to not just external factors but because of religion, morals, birthrates and so on

[@christopherellis2663]

Orkhon uses a fish symbol for m.

[@goczho]

If you will study deeply, you will find that Mahayan Buddhism is later called Hinduism (it's cause of conspiracies of clever people) people don't wanna accept this fact because of the politics

[@NishantKumar-ry9rp]

It is Neo Buddhist propaganda 😂. Even " hindu " word is older than mahayan Buddhism 😂.

[@NishantKumar-ry9rp]

Watch SANATAN SAMIKSHA.

[@NishantKumar-ry9rp]

Mahayan khud hinduo ke cheezo ko copy kiya karta tha . Ek book hai " biography of Eminent monks" karke wo padh lo aur SANATAN SAMIKSHA channel ne bhi inn propaganda ko already expose kar rakha hai .

[@obcmahasabhakerala]

Vedic aryans were forest dwellers.. Their chief god Indra was destryer of towns of Asuras.. Who were these Asura/ Vritras? May be the Assyrians... There are also African Gods in rigveda....

[@malay2381]

Excellent Excellent... No Words to describe your extensive work on this Script...

[@dwijgurram5490]

There was no vedas or shiva when indus valley civilisation thrived, the naming of the seals as pashupati is a very biased and unwarranted act. Finally, swastika which is a pre vedic buddhist symbol is heavily relevant to the indus valley civilisations context throws hinduism out of the window

[@user-zv8js6wt2y]

I stopped watching the presentation when said "indo-Aryan" and started to look in Sanskrit. Poor guy, he did all this good sequential work, then effed himself over when he started to match the signs up with Aryan. These symbols are Dravidian and/or Elamo-Dravidian and are from a time when Sanskrit and Aryan did not exist in the Indus Valley or coterminous Pakistan.

[@lewisrobinson3380]

I’ve long been leaning towards a steppe theory for Indo-Iranian languages but this is certainly leading me to believe that a Indo-Iranian or more specifically Indo-Aryan language was in the area prior to even 1800 BCE. I’m curious how certain proto-Uralic words ended up Avestan and how certain Indo-Iranian words ended up in proto-Uralic now though. It was even brought up in this video but only a handful of languages have noun compounding to the level of German and Sanskrit most of which other North Eurasian languages like Uralic languages.

[@DasanaMitana]

There is Indo-Iranian or Iranian migration from South to North, since borrowing is one way into Proto-Uralic not both ways and there are words for Bactrian Camel cult in Proto Uralic which again indicates migration from Central Asia to Urals and not the other way around

[@lewisrobinson3380]

@@DasanaMitana There is likely 1 word that Proto-Indo-European or at least many of it's descendants got from Proto-Uralic. Proto-Uralic *kala which exists in Avestan as 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬀‎ (kara) both meaning fish while probably missing within Indo-Aryan languages it is however in most other branches. In all proto-Uralic languages it means fish but in Indo-European languages it can be a whale, a shark or some other kind of large "fish". The reason this is believed to be a proto-Uralic word borrowing is because Indo-European languages already have other words for Fish derived from PIE *dʰǵʰu- and/or *peysḱ- that and Proto-Uralic *kala as a much more consistent meaning than the PIE derivations. Also to further bolster that argument Proto-Uralic *kala -> Proto-Indo-Iranian would result in *kara for Avestan however if it was originally a PIE word *kala or the other reconstruction given being *(s)kʷálos-> Avestan kara wouldn't work out due to satemization which for both reconstructions Avestan should be *skara or *skarah. Now it could be a later borrowing into Proto-Iranian via later migrations into Central Asia from the Steppe that are known to have occurred after ~1200 BCE or perhaps even via trade with Uralic speaking people selling fish.

[@peterwaksman9179]

Fabulous analysis. Lucky you had a nearby language to try!

[@kanhaibhatt913]

धन्यवाद वीडियो के लिए यज्ञदेवम

[@rayhilchey6706]

Sir, I am completely amazed with your dissertation. As you mention your early ambition to solve an unsolved problem, I would consider that you have accomplished your life's goal. Certainly this research equals or even surpasses that ofJean-Francois Champolion. I have learned a few Sanskrit schlokas and collected several Harappa cylinder seals and clay goddesses and after taking refuge in Tantric Buddhism have gained a pityfull bit of knowledge on the subjects you have mastered. I recently acquired a Lapis Luzuli unicorn seal with a four letter inscription ending in an arrow Thank you for explaining it. Thank you for sharing your exceptional work

[@devannayar6456]

It doesnt make sense. If Sanskrit already had a script, why was there such a gap in writings between IVC and the first Brahmi script ?

[@yajnadevam]

There is no gap. Brahmi is a subset of Indus script. The script evolved gradually. The earliest mixed script is 1800 BCE and older forms continued into Tamil nadu 200 BCE and even some Gupta forms in 500 CE.

[@devannayar6456]

@@yajnadevam Yes. there is a gap. As no written records are found during this interregnum.

[@yajnadevam]

@@devannayar6456 Attestations: 1800 BCE brahmi and Indus characters on anthropomorphic figure, displayed in Delhi Museum, 1500 BCE brahmi /Indus characters in Vikramkohl, 1300 BCE Bet Dwarka, 600 BCE Brahmi/indus in Keeladi, 200 BCE in Marungur. This is in addition to a continuous stream of Indus symbols in Megalithic sites upto 50 CE (yes thats CE, not BCE)

[@ayushsunilshukla]

When he was pointing out something on the screen you should have interrupted him as we don't see any cursor move. Come on man!!

[@subramaniyamm2288]

Only analytical evidence is that veda brahmins are classified the people in 4 category. Each one should not involve their culture each other. Then how united people were living in the indus valley should be Indo Aryan..?

[@jmnaik6]

Any attempt to tie Sanskrit to IVC script is a non-starter.

[@dwaynewojtysiak2815]

This is somewhat obvious. It's astronomy ophiuchus in the center represents the male and female merger of farther time and mother destiny around it you have the four fixed signs depicted in the Bible as the angel bullshead,eaglehead,lionhead,manhead . But in this early depiction is the Indus version as they all differ. Eastern astrology, western astrology, native American astrology and so on . The astrology is the same knowledge just the animals depicted are different. But above every symbolic picture is the constellations signs of that zodiac. This is only mysterious to those who can not see. It's all about the proffecy of what's to come. Fixed water fixed earth as the clay of humanity and there roll in the final evolution of humanity. Known as the 5th turning. Which is now. Coming to a home here you in the sign of taurus the ascending, soon to be the descending turning everything back to the good as the evil has run its course. There's a new spirit in town and all truths will be known. Buckle up. And no matter what tell the truth or be made a fool.

[@Kokomo-tj9er]

The word "caste" which means race in Spanish or Portuguese, should NOT be used in the Indian context! The correct word is "varna". As you probably know already, the meanings of these two words are entirely different. Please do this one favour for the love of Indians-do not use the word caste anymore. Thank you!

[@MARK-gp9hb]

why not? castes have existed in basically every civilization, there is nothing to be ashamed of

[@sumanair9317]

Pashupati is translated as head of cows or A head of cowherds. Sabhapati is the head of a sabha.. group. So the word pati transformed a lot and became pashupati ( shiva) only recently in 2000 -1000years. We started calling shiva Pashupati because, we call the bull pashu and he sits on a bull so pashupati. Only because,we give the name Pashupaati to Shiva doesn't mean that the reference of "pashupati" in the IVC is about the lord Shiva itself. Shiva is also called as Umapati( husband of Uma) So the meaning of Pashupati can be male gender of pashu that is bull!! The IVC people might have worshipped only Bull. As bull is an integral part in farming( ploughing etc) And pashu can be translated as animal too. So the person who takes care of all animal can be called as Pashupati! So before comes to conclusions about ..yes..its indeed Shiva, lets think logically and rationally

[@sumanair9317]

If we assume that, sanskrit Language was created by adopting Indus script Similarly Tamil too was created from Indus script.is it agreeable? The current Malayalam language is created by mixing samskritam with Manipravaalam. We know that Manipravaalam is not as old as Samskritam....but Somskritam was in use,elsewhere ...not in South of India. But suppose after a few thousands of years ,if people in that timeline search about the origin of the Language Malayalam. They might come to the conclusion that, Malayalam and Manipravaalam originated from Samskritam.... because of the similarity of languages. But we know that it's wrong & untrue. So it wouldn't be clear whether Manipravaalam was the oldest form of Malayalam or the language Malayalam totally originated from Samskritam and later on mixed Tamil and became Manipravaalam.! A few years( 100 or 200) difference between the existence of Manipravaalam or Malayalam might be difficult to pinpoint after 2000 years. Similarly, now we are deciphering a language or sign that existed 5-6 thousands of years back. We don't know in those times, in between...within that period..within 200-300 years,new alterations or mixing of Indus language with proto sanskrit had happened !! So what's the answer for these questions?

[@theomnisthour6400]

Since thought is fundamental - not matter and energy - I think Farmer's assertion that the characters represent deities in some sense is ABSOLUTELY TRUE, and Steven is showing just how blind his post modernist dogmatic view of reality has made him to the work of others - which has been shown to be the bane of real science in this age of the narrow-minded cult of materialist scientism.

[@yajnadevam]

Farmers thesis is full of logical fallacies. 1. There is no need to have multiple "gods" in the same inscription. 2. Gods would follow a particular order or completely random order. The probabilities of adjacency reflects the entropy of language. 3. Farmer has no mathematical basis for any assertion he makes about Indus script. Its essentially a bunch of "I think that it is .." statements.

[@theomnisthour6400]

@@yajnadevam your assignment of so-called logical fallacies is fallacious, and shows a mind as closed as a constipated crab

[@theomnisthour6400]

@@yajnadevam gods have pedigrees and etymologies that connect them and assemble them into greater god teams. How do you think the gods of the alphabet assembled Shakespeare?

[@John_O_Connor]

Sindh (Indus) Valley Civilization - the heritage of the Sindhi and Pakistani people ❤️🇵🇰

[@dibyajyotimohanty6371]

😂😂1400 year old religion, 75 year old country😂. And you call IVC your heritage😂.

[@cryptonash16]

From the River to the Sea, the Indus Valley will be Free! 🔱 🇮🇳

[@rockeySharma357]

Hindi me samja sakta hai koi

[@civilizational_bridge]

Mein samjhaaniki koshish karoonga. Check out my Ramayana Vds.

[@obcmahasabhakerala]

It is not sanskrit... Let him check Paali....

[@rajan36742]

Vedic is the oldest Indo-aryan language and Pali is a middle Indo-aryan language. Classical Sanskrit was created by Panini in 600 BC by reforming Vedic language.

[@zojozojo-ox6wj]

​@@rajan36742 bla bla

[@rajan36742]

@@zojozojo-ox6wj Are you a Mahar by any chance? 😀

[@zojozojo-ox6wj]

@@rajan36742 who is Mahar?

[@zojozojo-ox6wj]

@@rajan36742 You said that in 600 BC Panini reform ok Give me some written inscription ... Let me also know what a great historical evidence of classical Sanskrit you have obtained.

[@ranapratapsingh3416]

Few clues to Indus script in Sumerian Concordance. Sansrit. ḍiṇḍima डिण्डिम a kind of drum. This instrument is played till today in India, known as dimdi. Sumerian. dimdim a musical instrument wr. ĝeš dim3-dim3. 2) Sanskrit. सालिका,a kind of a flute Sumerian. SALI a musical instrument wr. SA.LI 3) Sanskrit डमरु ,a sacred drum Sumerian . dimmaršu an instrument (1x: Old Babylonian) wr. ĝešdim3-mar-šu 4) Sanskrit करताल beating time by clapping the hands, clapper, small cymbles, clappers with cymbols etc. Kara (RV)+ Tāl (Tal root (RV)) Akkadian. Katral small cymbles?, clapper? Galpin (1937), Sachs (1940) 5) Sanskrit आडम्बर a kind of drum Sumerian . adab a drum; a song (42x: Old Babylonian) wr. a-da-ab; a-da-ba Akk. adapu 6) Sanskrit . सायन्तूर्य instrument played in the evening Sumerian. sabitum a musical instrument (5x: Ur III,Old Babylonian) wr. ĝešsabi2-tum; sa-bi2-tum 7) Sanskrit मृत्युतूर्य a kind of drum beaten at funeral ceremonies Sumerian. miritum a musical instrument (4x: Old Babylonian) wr. mi-ri2-tum 8) Sanskrit कम्रा kind of musical instrument. Sumerian. kamma a part of a musical instrument ?:tuning? (2x: Ur III, Old Babylonian) wr. kam-ma Sumerian.miritum a musical instrument(4x:Old Babylonian) wr. mi-ri2-tum 9) Sumerian. eštalu a type of singer (2x: Old Babylonian) wr. eš3-ta-lu2; aš-ta-lu2 Akk. aštalû 10 ) Sans. maṅgalatūrya म"लतूय'a musical instrument used at festivals Sumerian malgatum a musical instrument; a type of song (5x: Old Babylonian) wr. ma-al-ga-tum Akk. malgâtu

[@magnuscorbin5040]

Great video. Yes it's definitely an early form of Sanskrit which means the steppe theory is deader than dead. The Indo-Europeans came from the Middle East or were indigenous to India.