Strange Devices in Chernobyl Reactor - What Were They For? | Program Buoy | Chornobyl Uncharted Ep10

[@marcika]

Dude. LOVE your channel and your videos. I'm a little bit obsessed with Chernobyl accident. I have watched hundreds of hours of documentaries, but none of them were telling any new things for a while. BUT. In your videos almost everything I see is new to me! Keep up the job!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you so much! I mean, for us it is very umportant that you find them informative! P.S. on Patreon we translate typewritten reports from 1986-1988. Compared to facts explained there our videos are a kindergarten-level thing :)

[@MadScientist267]

​@@ChernobylFamilyCertainly way more information than any standard story told on the subject. I suppose this is an excellent example of "had to be there". There's no way that we here in say, the states, would have ever gotten this much detail otherwise. There hasn't been any mainstream news on the subject since the new safe confinement, and everyone agrees the HBO release has issues (and of course all of these omissions). In fact it almost went into the shadows until in 2011 when Japan had their version unfold... coming up in context of the standard "worst" mention (yawn), bringing it back to the surface again. I'm enjoying all of these as I too have the thirst but there's not much to drink, until these videos told the deeper story.

[@danieltaon]

Exactly, this stuff presented here is just pure essence!

[@intagliode]

I have watched documentaries about Chernobyl for decades. And all of them reuse the same information and film footage. Nothing new. What amazes me is all the unseen video you share. I am now thinking there must have been buildings full of research and information collected about this accident. Thank you for sharing it with us!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you! Most of information is in paper books, and generally they are quite 'hard' science.

[@Jesse-qy6ur]

@@ChernobylFamily: Are the books predominantly in Russian?

[@ChernobylFamily]

​@@Jesse-qy6ur Depends. What was published in Soviet time is in Russian, what published in Ukraine up to ±2010 is either Ukrainian or Russian, or bilingual, because we had still a collaboration with Kurchatov Institute and they published their chernobyl-related works. Later all in Ukrainian, latest can be in English. English for the first decades is rare, apart from international conference reports, as this literature was intended for experts who work at the facility so they did not need translations. Modern things in English started to appear during/after NSC project as many contractors were there. Speaking on earliest data, we gradually translate books of the 1st All-Union conference of the disaster elimination, you can find it on our Patreon in "Chernobyl-88" collection

[@ChernobylFamily]

A small detail we didn't mention in the video: the positioning of the buoys was carried out by the same pilot, Mykola Melnyk, who made Operation Needle possible.

[@meetem7374]

So there was some progress made in positioning? 1m precision sounds absolutely incredible given the positioning from the helicopter. Is it an outlier, or mostly the rule?

[@ChernobylFamily]

Outlier. Because in comparison, famous dropping of sand was mostly anything but accurate.

[@meetem7374]

@ yes, that’s what I thought, the needle wasn’t precise either. Thank you!

[@MadScientist267]

Sounds like this guy played an absolutely pivotal role in getting things going back in the right direction again... takes a special kind of "hell yeah" mentality to want to be in the air over that thing... one I don't think I personally have lol

[@ChernobylFamily]

in reality, the Needle missed literally a few meters. The pool is really close to the reactor pit.

[@SurfaceTension999]

Wow. When I wondered what these things were and researched, I only came across shallow results called "oh, it's just a measuring device". Thanks for your excellent explanation

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@tolgaguven3025]

🎉🎉🎉🎉​@@ChernobylFamily

[@GentiGace]

As a software developer and specialist on IoT and remote sensing this was one of the most amazing videos I ever seen about Chernobyl

[@ChernobylFamily]

This is cool. Thank you!

[@professionalvr]

With each episode of Chornobyl uncharted I learn new things about the aftermath of the disaster and the efforts for its containment. Your contribution and research is outstanding.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@dez1989]

You are hitting many of the "topics"/ questions I've had! There is so much about the wreckage and rooms to learn about! There are some great channels on Chernobyl, but nobody touches on the wreckage of the rooms. Thank you!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Glad you find it interesting!

[@Jhihmoac]

I've said this in one of your previous videos - "Necessity is the 'Mother of Invention'!" They needed all the information they could get! Thanks for sharing this!

[@ДмитроСкупейко]

дякую за неймовірні та пізнавальні відео !

[@ChernobylFamily]

Будь ласка! Далі буде!

[@emilschw8924]

This channel is highly recommended for people wanting to know more about Chornobyl and what happened after. Thank you for doing this.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you for the appreciation of our work. For both of us behind the scenes (and a cat, whom we found as a frozen kitten at the Zone's checkpoint) the Subject is a highly personal matter. So... it gives a bright feeling our job is needed.

[@elkneto4334]

you are doing a great job, highly underrated channel, thanks for keeping history alive for us

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you! Well, let's hope for the best...)

[@restaurantattheendofthegalaxy]

The amount of destruction in unit four is shocking. I’ve seen these buoys in photos and never knew what they were for!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Glad to help!

[@fullraph]

Another extremely interesting episode! Really looking forward to the next!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@swokatsamsiyu3590]

What a banger of a video! I'm guaranteeing you that you have made a lot of people happy with this very detailed, and excellent explanation of what these cones are. I have literally walked around for decades, wondering what they might be ever since I first saw them in pictures/on videos. Did surmise they had to be some sort of measuring device due to the lack of visible moving parts, and the cables coming out of them. But there is so much more to them than meets the eye, wow! And you're really doing the scientists that gave so freely from themselves, justice. Their names will be remembered. As nasty as the Soviet system as a whole was, the scientists were in a league of their own. Coming up in record time with ingenious devices that literally had to go were no human went before because they couldn't.

[@ChernobylFamily]

@@swokatsamsiyu3590 thank you, seriously!

[@Damien.D]

Never knew how much of a massive laboratory the ruins of the reactor was. And you have more stuff to share? Incredible. Indeed many things were learned, and invented, created, with this unfortunate event. Really a (still ongoing) unique scientific endeavor.

[@jimmymiller77]

Fantastic video. Each one is a new learning experience. Thanks again for your hard work making these. All my best, Jim

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you so much!

[@JustFixIt99]

These videos are fantastic. I have never heard of half of this stuff. The detail and level of information is fantastic. The length and level of detail in each video is also just right. Keep up the good work!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@inder_auf_tinder]

I'm watching your videos for over 3 years now, allways love them

[@ChernobylFamily]

Wow, thanks!

[@pedrohrsb]

Fantastic channel, full of info that i've never heard about before, it's really impressive.

[@JongJande]

Something strange happened when I viewed this presentation. The content is very realistic and honest. Nothing is covered. When there is a presentation from the USA I have the strong feeling that I can not trust what they are telling .......

[@ChernobylFamily]

@JongJande mate, understand one thing. We are just a mad couple with two cats who, for the last 15 years, do not do anything except to explore the Chornobyl Zone. For us, it is a passion, life, and a reason to carry on. That's it. And believe it or not, right now I am writing you this comment from the city of Chornobyl, from our little laboratory. We had a few bееrs after an exhausting day. I am standing on the porch having my cigаrеtte and there is a reflection of the porch's light in the windows of an abandoned house adjacent to the lab (as buildings in use often bound those disused for years). That's it. Welcome to the rabbit hole. Stay tuned and enjoy yourself here. Edit: typos

[@mousetreat]

This is such a great channel with such amazing videos. Please keep them coming and thanks for your hard work!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you! More to come!

[@flaviotrash9693]

Yay, I was waiting for this video :D

[@ChernobylFamily]

Enjoy!

[@kerbsidemotors9249]

This shows dedication to liquidation of the consequences, Carelessness normally the narrative of information to public in mainstream videos then /now. The disaster required space age jump in technology operating in most difficult of environments. Fascinating and thank you for more insights- previously unknown and showing skill and dedication of best minds given an immense problem to solve.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@SimonBauer7]

speaking of space age, luochod (i think thats how the soviet moon rover was spelled), was during development during chernobyl and one of the prototypes (i think that was how it went) was sent to chernobyl.

[@ChernobylFamily]

@SimonBauer7 Lunohod. Yes, and not really, at the same time. What you speak about is STR-1 robot. There was a task to its developer to adapt that technology, and the robot was developed based on the experience. Original Lunohod would not work as it was not designed for earth gravity, but STR-1 was super successful. We have a video called "Forgotten Robots of Chernobyl", there we mention this story.

[@tolgaguven3025]

🎉🎉🎉🎉

[@ChernobylFamily]

@@SimonBauer7 STR-1 actually were (there were 4 of them) so good that they used them to clean the snow in Pripyat near robotics lab in a free time :)

[@TheBigChill1]

Thank You for another very interesting and informative video... Your channel is no doubt the most in-deep investigation about Chernobyl on KZbin this days...!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@cathedraldarkness]

I’ve never seen this amount of vintage footage. Thank you for all the research and effort you’ve put into these videos.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you! Operative footage is a valuable source of data, as it is less сеnsоrеd compared to public documentaries.

[@shadowpoet4398]

I just subscribed after watching the elephant's foot/molten corium lava video. I'm gonna binge your channel now.

[@roybm3124]

I always thought they were turbine hall lights or machine number markings/alarms when watching Alexander Kupnyi video’s.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Interesting guess, no irony.

[@Ruan850_]

Thank you very much for another great content, I'm a new subscriber to the channel 😊.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Welcome!

[@neil4306]

Thank you for another absolutely interesting video.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Glad you liked!

[@neil4306]

​@@ChernobylFamilyall your videos are absolutely interesting

[@ChernobylFamily]

@neil4306 sometimes me and my wife watch old episodes as a comedy, so badly they were made :)))

[@tanelimp]

Nice video! 👏 Not strictly related to computers etc. but do you happen to have any information about the dust suppression systems and waste water treatment systems of the sarcophagus? It's really hard to come by, at least from English sources.

[@ChernobylFamily]

We do; we will talk about that when we make an episode about Sarcophagus, which is planned.

[@nobbybrown8056]

Fantastic information, we are always learning from you. Thank you.

[@leopiipponen7693]

It was another interesting video. There are so many things I haven't heard before about the accident.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you! More to come!

[@IrenESorius]

Very interesting content as always from you guys,, 👍‍‍🌟🌟👍‍‍ Thank you kindly from Sweden,, 💖🙏💖

[@ChernobylFamily]

Our pleasure!

[@IrenESorius]

@@ChernobylFamily 💖💖💖

[@allancopland1768]

Very interesting post Alex.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@Foxcb27]

Great work. Thank you that you are doing so much work to let us know more facts about this.

[@ChernobylFamily]

And more to come!

[@douro20]

Which series PDP was the basis of the M-6000 computer? Apparently there was an M-6000 emulator written for the BESM-6 supercomputer.

[@ChernobylFamily]

I think I made a mistake; it looks it was HP2000 compatible, not PDP. On PDPs was running Shater.

[@Pablo_Automotive]

Another wonderful video 💛💙👏

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@stefa168]

Amazing footage, great job as always!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thanks a lot!

[@bravodelta3083]

A most excellent presentation; thank you!

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you! Next episodes will be even better ;)

[@Chiavaccio]

Great video!!❤❤👏👏👏👍

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you 🤗

[@konradkanarek2593]

thank you for the subtitles

[@ChernobylFamily]

Optional proofread subtitles are always included for all videos

[@ptonpc]

Fascinating piece of history.

[@tori8380]

Fascinating video.

[@aramirez8427]

Awesome Channel. the info is incredible

[@ChernobylFamily]

More to come!

[@rafalg.6901]

I love soundtrack from your video's, what is the title?

[@ChernobylFamily]

Check literally the last 5 seconds of the video, there are credits. It is in every episode of the series. This is Kevin MacLeod's "SCp-x2x".

[@MaxWalker.1989]

I don't know what it is but I'd never heard of Chernobyl until I downloaded the Chernobyl 1987 movie just after COVID, that got me wondering about the power station and then got told to watch the hbo series Chernobyl, I've been addicted to Chernobyl and rbmk reactors. I was already really interested in soviet history Chernobyl just added to it. I've just about seen all your videos your channel is wicked and I love it from 🇬🇧♥️♥️😊😊

[@MadScientist267]

Oh man I'm getting on in age I guess... I never thought I'd hear or see anyone say they'd never heard of Chernobyl. I had just reached the double digits range when this happened, and it was about the hugest deal even here in the states. Second only to the recent NASA incident and hanging out with aids on the sidelines. It did finally start to quiet down a bit after about 2000 or so but I think even that was due to the massive paradigm shift caused by the events in NYC and a couple other places on that one day... But always thought that the unanswered questions and ongoing cleanup would keep it just enough forefront that nobody would be left wondering what it was when it was mentioned, at the very least. I apologize for the vagueness and "creative writing"... artifact of writing comments on KZbin.....

[@ChernobylFamily]

A funny detail that I worked with HBO unit in the Zone when they were creating the show. But, do not forget, that show is not a documentary, but a fantasy movie based on real events.

[@MaxWalker.1989]

@@ChernobylFamily yes I have looked into fact and fiction through KZbin and various websites. I learned about filming locations of the hbo series, knowing what I know now I would love to have seen in the series a bit more or a lot more about the workings of rbmk reactors things like more about re fueling and the scarla computer i mean in the series if I remember correctly the only time you see the reactor is when the caps are jumping up and down during the court room scene and the only time you see the control room pre explosion is in the same scene. Id love to have seen how they start the reactor and know what all the dials and gauges are for and the mosaic lights there's so much that could have been put in that series if I had my way I would have put so so much more in there. Also the aftermath explaining some stories you @ChernobylFamily cover in your Chanel I'd love to have seen it in the series. At least you and others have covered loads of really interesting info about everything, thanks again from max in 🇬🇧👍

[@MaxWalker.1989]

@@MadScientist267 I was only born in 1989 and there was no smart phones, tablets, home internet and so on so here in England we only had X4 TV channels to watch so there's so much I've learned about since KZbin and smartphone era.i grew up near 2 nuclear power stations (sizewell A and sizewell B) right on the 🇬🇧east coast that's what triggered my high interest in Chernobyl also being interested in soviet history

[@ChernobylFamily]

@MaxWalker.1989 thank you, mate. For us your interest is the biggest reward. As for HBO show, the most embarrassing thing apart of exploiting soviet narrative is total absence of Sarcophagus construction. That thing was the very core! That, not any other!

[@tonamg53]

If 90% of nuclear fuel remains within the reactor… there’s no way anyone can get anywhere near it just months after the accident. For example, Fukushima reactor 2 where there seems to be a breach with in the reactor vessel somewhere but they just don’t know for sure exactly… That is because they still can’t get anyone near the reactor 14 years after the accident. Only the most heavily shielded radiation harden robot can get inside the reactor but even that still only works for a very short amount of time. Today you can go take selfie with the elephant foot and you’ll be perfectly fine… as the infamous elephant foot actually contain less than 10% nuclear fuel and other fission products… the rest is just melted sand.

[@ChernobylFamily]

There was and is the way, as the specific situation of Unit 4 lays in its exceptionally diverse conditions. Plus, we do not know location of many FCMs yet. There is chance, there are some compared to which the Foot is a minor thing. I am not competent to talk about Fukushima, so I will pass on it.

[@majikglustik9704]

Happy holidays MY Chernobyl family: From Adm. Frame in Florida.

[@CommandProMC]

I had always wondered what those things were. I'm glad to finally learn. _PS: amazing documentary!_

[@ChernobylFamily]

Thank you!

[@Retrodip23]

Brilliant!

[@traumgeist]

American person here. In my country we call that an instrumentation probe.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Right. In fact, those sometimes referred in a similar way in the documentation, but still they are known as Buoys following the research program name. Apart from this very case this word is not used, apart from naval context, of course.

[@laurencebois5119]

Is there a reason why buoy 15 looks stripped down?

[@ChernobylFamily]

Yes, though exact reason is unknown. Most scientific publications claim it was hit during installation and cover was torn away. Given it is a thin metal which was holding in just few points, it is very much possible. But no one knows for sure.

[@Phil-D83]

Might as well be for use in space given the radiation they needed to withstand

[@Solesz]

Brother do you have any footage of the smokescreen project you mentioned @ 1:08? I belive I've seen two angles of it before in documentaries but I just can't seem to find them anymore.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Need to search. Cannot say right away, unfortunately. It is easy to mistake it with actual smoke which came out from the reactor during early stages of graphite burning.

[@Sterlingjob]

There is a video of some guy wandering around next to these buoys on KZbin somewhere!

[@ChernobylFamily]

@@Sterlingjob Yes, we once had a coffee with that guy. In fact, there are many people who do that as a part of their job. Not often, though - it is not needed.

[@masterman1502]

Not just next to them, but around (and inside) the reactor as well. His name is Alexander Krupnyi, and he has videos on his channel about those expeditions

[@ewanuno]

wow, i really want to see more about that software! the GUI is the most scifi thing i've seen in a while and its real....

[@ChernobylFamily]

This is an interesting but tough question as little information remained. But, we will talk about it when we make the episode about Shater system.

[@ewanuno]

@@ChernobylFamily great, I'll look forward to that!

[@ChernobylFamily]

@ewanuno a few days ago Michaela found a physical reel (in the national archive) of one movie from 1992, which has a good screen recording of radiation monitoring system of the Zone as of that time; as soon we have loose 200$, we will order digitizing. The ultimate idea is to make a DOS app with a simulation of all known computer screens based on movies. Probably partly interacrive. Those Buoy soft screens I re-wrote on Turbo Pascal already for EGA.

[@ewanuno]

@@ChernobylFamily that app sounds like fun, could you run the historical data through it? I think that those screens look better done with a cheap capture device. Maybe you loose a but of detail from a historical data preservation point of view but for me the aesthetic is only enhanced by the bad screen capture.

[@ChernobylFamily]

@@ewanuno once more, it is about footage of readings; we think to put into verified data. How it will go we will see.

[@jamingamer2782]

2:52 Actually, the heat exchanger still got built anyway, just never turned on.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Are you sure you are not mistaking it with the Bypass system, which was built but used literally in bypass mode? Because guys who manage the Shelter from late 1986 say down, there is just concrete.

[@jamingamer2782]

@@ChernobylFamily Maybe, the documents could be incorrect and the personal experience could be the real correct thing.

[@leonsokar]

The cursed tea bag

[@rohitgoyal7258]

Question- What happened to the steel lid of the reactor. I find very little info about this. When the lid popped off what happened to it after that? Where did it go?

[@ChernobylFamily]

Just to clarify, do you mean cylindrical scheme "E"? It is standing tilted in the reactor shaft. You can see it right in the thumbnail of this video with two Buoys atop; if you mean Scheme G (mosaic floor) - it was scattered everywhere in small parts.

[@rohitgoyal7258]

@@ChernobylFamily I don't have much knowledge, I am referring to that 1000ton lid made of small steel blocks. I guess I am referring to Scheme E.

[@chinsta00]

Do you think there are enough details in the published records to construct an accurate replica buoy?

[@ChernobylFamily]

I'd say around 80% available - accurate dimensions, design of detectors and dimensions of them, etc. What is unknown so far, is which radiation detector and which specifically preamplifier were used. In any case, we speak about only a scaled replica of a size of a bucket, which can be useful for a museum exhibition, because real buoys were giant.

[@chincemagnet]

You know what I say when I see one? WHATS UP BUEY?!

[@ChernobylFamily]

:)))

[@АлександрИпатенко-з8в]

Дякую що додали Українські субтитри

[@jandanielcrepaz8680]

Very interesting

[@leonardoalbuquerque9375]

Is Chernobyl open to visitors currently or is the war still preventing people from visiting the place?

[@ChernobylFamily]

No, it is off limits except media and humanitarian visits.

[@tori8380]

Didn’t the reactor operators not follow their own safety guidelines causing this catastrophe?

[@ChernobylFamily]

That was a soviet version; in reality, their actions were just a part of the deal, but not the main.

[@Blowcrafter]

Hey there, really love your videos but the unnerving background noise that you add really makes them hard to watch for me :(

[@ChernobylFamily]

...which very well match how it feels when you see that with your own eyes. My task is not to entertain but to deliver sharp feelings. It is not an overdramatization, trust me. Wait for more.

[@Cool-kaiden]

1:59 Minicomputer what a laugh 😂 edit: It’s crazy that that was then called “Mini”

[@ChernobylFamily]

It is not a "laugh" but a correct classification, which I suppose you are not familiar with. There are mainframes, there are minicomputers, and there are microcomputers (PCs, basically).

[@Cool-kaiden]

@ BRO you get what i mean 😭

[@ChernobylFamily]

@Cool-kaiden Frankly, I do not. This is the epoch that was 40 years ago. Tech everywhere was big and low-integrated. Compared to what was common 10 years prior to that, this is very much "mini." Edit: typos

[@Cool-kaiden]

Sorry for that, I love your videos. But i just wanted to say: it’s crazy that that was then called “Mini”

[@Cool-kaiden]

I’m gonna edit that

[@morgan-nova-2943]

merci

[@paulsto6516]

👍👍

[@ChernobylFamily]

🙏🙏🙏

[@error-wi3xb]

Hey what about some chemicals desister not nuclear

[@ChernobylFamily]

@error-wi3xb do us a little favor and explain what exactly you mean in an understandable way. Thank you.

[@drneves1]

Do you know what happened to Bionerd23? She disappeared! Died?

[@ChernobylFamily]

From that little we know, she lives her life, but the Zone for her is off limits. There were some of her actions that resulted in issues.

[@drneves1]

@ChernobylFamily thanks so much

[@Skravich]

6:23 skibidi

[@ChernobylFamily]

Sir, this is a Wendy's.

[@Kawka1122]

Why are you oligarch? You have Patreon !

[@ChernobylFamily]

That is a good one! Thanks for making my mood better.

[@Kawka1122]

@ChernobylFamily you are welcome 🤗. Nice channel!

[@piotrniewczas2413]

I quite dislike those new burned in subtitles. They are distracting to me, and I can understand you just fine. Since you also provide youtube captions, adding permanent ones is redundant and annoying.

[@ChernobylFamily]

I am insanely, I mean, nearly to smash-the-computer level tired of people who say that I have an accent. This is the result.

[@rdallas81]

Someone always has the complain.. Just watch the damn video and thank the Channel and narrator for it.

[@rdallas81]

​@@ChernobylFamilyYou do a very good job. Don't worry about people who say things like that. Some of us are here for the information which you provide in terrific detail. I never heard of these sensors and I consider myself pretty educated when it comes to Chernobyl and other nuclear accidents and incidents.

[@Tekwyzard]

@@ChernobylFamily They're not wrong, you do have an accent and it's utterly fantastic; a guy on YT called 'Diodegonewild' (you might like his videos) who often gets the same complaints, but much like him, you are nonetheless perfectly understandable to most native English speakers. Yeah, there's always going to some outliers and non-native English speakers, who will probably struggle somewhat, but that's what the optional youtube captions are for, I just wish they were not so intrusive, I didn't even know you did proper ones versus the often hilariously inaccurate automated ones. The inline captions you also now do are far less intrusive and distracting than the awful huge black background youtube ones, but I can understand some people getting uppity about not being able to turn them off.

[@WildKnightWolfsMusic]

​@ChernobylFamily I quite like your accent honestly, and you are very easy to understand. Ignore the negative comments. You're doing great!

[@ronaldgarrison8478]

Thumb down for text all over screen. **Use CC.""

[@kylothow]

"all over screen" - literally the smallest subtitles ever

[@ronaldgarrison8478]

@@kylothow Sorry, I forgot to do the measurements. FFFS.

[@rdallas81]

😂😂😂😂😂 STOP BI T.C HI NG

[@ronaldgarrison8478]

@@rdallas81 Bite me. I'll bitch if I want.

[@ChernobylFamily]

Gentlemen, you can't fight in here! This is the War Room!

[@RedTail1-1]

Hire a narrator.

[@ChernobylFamily]

How much do you charge per hour?

[@Tekwyzard]

Why? Can you not understand English or something? He speaks much better, fully understandable English than I could ever begin to speak any aspect of Ukrainian.

[@MadScientist267]

I don't have any issue understanding him at all.

[@Skupik1]

Stop calling everything Ukrainian. Those were SOVIET scientists, from SOVIET universities.

[@ChernobylFamily]

First, ask those people themselves and their colleagus first. THEY decide, not YOU. Second, because of the described, get lost.