Dravidian Style Temple Architecture With Examples | Art & Culture | StudyIQ IAS Hindi

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MOST of the art and architectural remains that survive from Ancient and Medieval India are religious in nature. That does not mean that people did not have art in their homes at those times, but domestic dwellings and the things in them were mostly made from materials like wood and clay which have perished. This chapter introduces us to many types of temples from India. Although we have focussed mostly on Hindu temples, at the end of the chapter you will find some information on major Buddhist and Jain temples too. However, at all times, we must keep in mind that religious shrines were also made for many local cults in villages and forest areas, but again, not being of stone the ancient or medieval shrines in those areas have also vanished.
Basic Features of the Hindu Temples
The basic form of the Hindu temple comprises the following:Sanctum (garbhagriha literally ‘womb-house’)It was a small cubicle with a single entrance which grew into a larger chamber in time.The garbhagriha is made to house the main icon.
Entrance to the templeIt may be a portico or colonnaded hall that incorporates space for a large number of worshippers and is known as a mandapa.
Free Standing temples tend to have a mountain-like spireIt can take the shape of a curving shikhar in North India and a pyramidal tower, called a vimana, in South India.
The vahanIt was mount or vehicle of the temple’s main deity along with a standard pillar or dhvaj is placed axially before the sanctum.Many Hindu temples, feature mithun (embracing couple) sculptures, considered auspicious.Usually, they are placed at the entrance of the temple or on an exterior wall or they may also be placed on the walls between the mandapa and the main shrine.
HinduThe main features of this style of temple architecture are:
The Dravida temple is enclosed within a compound wall.
The front wall has an entrance gateway in its centre, which is known as a Gopuram.
The shape of the main temple tower known as vimana in Tamil Nadu is like a stepped pyramid that rises up geometrically rather than the curving shikhara of North India.
In the South Indian temple, the word ‘shikhara’ is used only for the crowning element at the top of the temple which is usually shaped like a small stupika or an octagonal cupola- this is equivalent to the amalak and kalasha of North Indian temples.
Fierce Dvarapalas or the door-keepers guarding the temple adorn the entrance to garbhagriha
It is common to find a large water reservoir, or a temple tank, enclosed within the complex.
At some of the most sacred temples in South India, the main temple in which the garbhagriha is situated has, in fact, one of the smallest towers. This is because it is usually the oldest part of the temple
t is common to find a large water reservoir, or a temple tank, enclosed within the complex.
Subsidiary shrines are either incorporated within the main temple tower, or located as distinct, separate small shrines beside the main temple
Kailashnath temple at Ellora is a famous example of a temple built in complete Dravidian style

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UPSC IAS (Pre + Mains) LIVE Foundation 2024 Hindi Batch 4 एडमिशन की अंतिम तिथि 30 अप्रैल 2023 है | बैच का समय संध्या 6:00 बजे | Hurry Enrol Now : bit.ly/4167Z1o भूगोल मूलभूत सिद्धांत Amazon : bit.ly/3xM0r7x Flipkart : bit.ly/3EBojhT Indian Polity Book For UPSC Amazon : bit.ly/3XYJtx6 Flipkart : bit.ly/polityhindi Bharat Ka Bhugol- Indian Geography Book In Hindi Amazon : bit.ly/3EzrWFg Flipkart : bit.ly/3WiNGeI

[@amitpanwar7285]

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[@friday1384]

Main differences between nagara and dravid archittecture is :- there is only one viman on the top of main temple dravid) while in nagara all subsidiary temple have vimana 🚩

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