Synapse | Neurotransmitters | Classification of synapse | Nervous system

Synapse | Neurotransmitters | Classification of synapse | Nervous system
A synapse is a small gap or junction between two neurons (nerve cells) in the brain or nervous system. It's a critical region where chemical signals are transmitted from one neuron to another, enabling communication and information processing.
At a synapse:
1. The terminal end of one neuron releases chemical messengers (neurotransmitters).
2. These neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptors on the surface of the adjacent neuron.
3. This binding triggers a series of electrical and chemical changes that can either excite or inhibit the adjacent neuron, depending on the type of neurotransmitter and receptor involved.
Synapses are essential for:
- Learning and memory
- Information processing and integration
- Neural plasticity and adaptation
- Regulation of various physiological processes, such as movement, mood, and cognition
There are two main types of synapses:
1. Chemical synapses (most common type)
2. Electrical synapses (less common, but important for rapid transmission)
In summary, synapses are the critical connections that enable neurons to communicate and process information, making them a fundamental component of our nervous system's functioning.
06:26 Types of Synapse
09:53 Functional Classification ofsynapse( Electrical and chemical synapse)
09:55 Electrical synapse
12:15 Chemical synapse
14:10 Process of transmision of nerve impulse
16:39 Nerve impulse generation
19:09 Neurotransmitter
23:15 Hyperpolarizatio
24:53 Types of Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals from one neuron (nerve cell) to another, enabling communication between them. They play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including:
Mood and emotions
Movement and coordination
Sleep and wakefulness
Pain modulation
Hunger and satiety
Learning and memory
Hormone regulation
Heart rate and blood pressure
Common neurotransmitters include:
-Acetylcholine (ACh)
Dopamine (DA)
Serotonin (5-HT)
Norepinephrine (NE)
GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
Glutamate
Endorphins
Neurotransmitters work by:
1. Release: From the terminal end of one neuron.
2. Transmission:
[02/06, 3:06 pm] Meta AI: Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals from one neuron (nerve cell) to another, enabling communication between them. They play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including:
Mood and emotions
Movement and coordination
Sleep and wakefulness
Pain modulation
Hunger and satiety
Learning and memory
Hormone regulation
Heart
The transmission of a nerve impulse, also known as an action potential, is a complex process that involves the following steps:
1.Resting Potential The nerve fiber is at rest, with a negative electrical charge (about -70mV) due to a higher concentration of potassium ions (K+) inside the cell and sodium ions (Na+) outside.
2.Stimulation A stimulus, such as a sensory input, triggers the opening of sodium channels, allowing Na+ ions to rush into the cell.
3.Depolarization The rapid influx of Na+ ions reverses the electrical charge, making the inside of the cell positively charged (about +30mV).
4. Action Potential If the depolarization is strong enough, it triggers an action potential, a rapid change in electrical potential that travels along the nerve fiber.
5. Repolarization The action potential triggers the opening of potassium channels, allowing K+ ions to leave the cell, returning the electrical charge to its resting state.
6. Refractoriness The nerve fiber enters a refractory period, during which it cannot generate another action potential.
7. Transmission The action potential reaches the nerve terminal, releasing neurotransmitters into the synapse.
8. Binding Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, generating a new action potential.
This process occurs rapidly, allowing nerve impulses to transmit information quickly throughout the body.
Here are some important tags related to the topic of synapse:
Synapse
Neuron
Neurotransmitters
Neuroplasticity
Synaptic plasticity
Action potential
Nerve impulse
Brain function
Neural connections
Neurocommunication
Synaptic transmission
Neurosignaling
Brain signaling
Neurobiology
Neuroscience
Cognitive function
Learning and memory
Neural networks
Synaptic strength
Synaptic pruning
Neuroadaptation
Neuroregeneration
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#neurotransmitters
#Typesofsynapse
#Typesofneurotransmitter