Lesson 7 | Aerodynamics of Flight | Private Pilot Ground School

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Lesson 7: Aerodynamics of Flight
Forces Acting on the Aircraft
Thrust, drag, lift, and weight are forces that act upon all aircraft in flight. Understanding how these forces work and knowing how to control them with the use of power and flight controls are essential to flight. This chapter discusses the aerodynamics of flight-how design, weight, load factors, and gravity affect an aircraft during flight maneuvers.
The four forces acting on an aircraft in straight-and-level, unaccelerated flight are thrust, drag, lift, and weight. They are defined as follows:
• Thrust-the forward force produced by the powerplant/propeller or rotor. It opposes or overcomes the force of drag. As a general rule, it acts parallel to the longitudinal axis. However, this is not always the case, as explained later.
• Drag-a rearward, retarding force caused by disruption of airflow by the wing, rotor, fuselage, and other protruding objects. As a general rule, drag opposes thrust and acts rearward parallel to the relative wind.
• Lift-is a force that is produced by the dynamic effect of the air acting on the airfoil, and acts perpendicular to the flight path through the center of lift (CL) and perpendicular to the lateral axis. In level flight, lift opposes the downward force of weight.
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[@SkyEagleAviation]

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[@lpappas474]

In unaccelerated flight the sum of all upward components of forces not just lift equals the sum of all downward components of forces not just weight. The sum of all forward components of forces not just thrust equals the sum of all backward components of forces not just drag. A portion of thrust is directed upward in climbs and slow flight and acts as if it were lift while a portion of weight is directed backward and opposite to the direction of flight and acts as if it were drag. In glides, a portion of the weight vector is directed along the forward flight path and, therefore, acts as thrust. In other words, any time the flight path of the aircraft is not horizontal, lift, weight, thrust, and drag vectors must each be broken down into two components.

[@Amos-fn7ie]

@@lpappas474 so upward=downward and forward=backward right?

[@lpappas474]

@@Amos-fn7ie Whatever floats your boat.

[@Amos-fn7ie]

@@lpappas474 I like your insight thanks so much

[@lpappas474]

@@Amos-fn7ie You weren't looking for insight.

[@kafa3228]

My ground school no comment, i get back here to understand better. Makes things so easly explained and understood. Free School. Thanks for everything you do.

[@andylee-fl]

Best KZbin Ground School!!! Scott has a great style about him, keep it coming!

[@Shannonbarnesdr1]

yes ! thank you thank you ! keep em coming, engaging, and easy to digest ground school !

[@jcgonzalez-medina7106]

I have to admit this is the best ground lesson i have seen.

[@About_Aviation]

Thanks a lot!

[@Crime_Daily111]

Thankyou! Love the content 👌 Please keep those Ground Lessons coming 🙏

[@rwallace0336]

I really enjoyed this! I would like to note that you don’t have to exceed the critical angle attack to stall. Think back to the red Baron with bullet holes in the wing your not exceeding the critical angle of attack however, because the airflow is disrupted, he can still stall. Also I would consider ice, I could be straight level not exceeding the critical angle of attack but with ice, I could stall because the air flows being disrupted.

[@kintarogold1483]

That is still exceeding the critical angle of attack. Just not the one written in the aircraft documents. The critical AOA would just change in this scenerios

[@phantomsnipe]

Thank for for another video 👍🏼

[@BHMPictures]

Just started the flight school journey. I hope this cyber classroom will help me greatly in accomplishing this mission.

[@Cherfield-D-Blessedman]

Wow, much appreciated for sharing the video, even if I am not a pilot, just my dream to become one.

[@navneethpawar4136]

Thank you so much 💞

[@c172inthesky]

I love your energy. I aspire to be an instructor like you one day.

[@jorgielane6859]

Thank God for you 🙏 😅

[@catherinerook8290]

I absolutely LOVE his teaching style. I'm studying for my PPL written right now and am using Sporty's online ground school....which is great but the language is so.....boring. This guy is a FANTASTIC teacher!

[@About_Aviation]

He is) thanks!

[@gabby2979]

👍

[@luispina8908]

Just one question - Why does the fluid increase in speed when it passes through the upper surface?

[@user-sb5hu7iu2t]

1:03:41 May I ask a question? If I let the throttle full open and turn off the carburetor heat, doesn't it make the power stronger and thus increase the speed?

[@user-sb5hu7iu2t]

Then why am I still maintaining slow speed flying?

[@gyshalom]

i have a question: wouldn't wind coming from top or bottom effect the angle of attack/relative wind?

[@mountainwavex]

No

[@locomojoboy2]

You would think so but I’m not sure either

[@c172inthesky]

it wouldn't be strong enough to change the trajectory of the plane. remember, relative wind is parallel and opposite of flight path.

[@mohssenkh6422]

Wait I thought if drag is equal to thrust it's not going to move?

[@locomojoboy2]

It will stay in the same state it’s currently in, whether that be motionless on the ground or steady flight in air. It will not accelerate or decelerate if those forces are equal

[@SierraHunter2106]

If drag is more than thrust the plane will decelerate, if thrust is more than drag then plane will accelerate. What you said is correct but only when the plane is stationary I.e. on the ground If the plane is in the air and moving and then thrust = drag then no acceleration or deceleration will happen