DRY ICE vs ELECTRONIC COOLING!

We demonstrate why TECs or Peltier devices have a lower temperature limit. We also describe how low temperature liquid baths are set up in a lab, why they can be dangerous and even though we drop the "hot" side of a TEC to "only" -43C with a small amount of dry ice, we are approaching the practical limits of what TECs can do.
Previous related videos:
• TEC Freezer - Build Yo...
• EXTREMELY LOW TEMPERAT...
• TESTING OUR DIY REFRIG...
• BUILD YOUR OWN REFRIGE...
Find us on Patreon - / techingredients

[@SolarWebsite]

This man is like the Bob Ross of technology.

[@Muonium1]

I always got more of a Bob Vila vibe. But maybe it's the timber framed lab.

[@DangerDarin]

Just a happy little thermal electric device... justtt let it happen

[@MickeyD2012]

"Just a nice little Dewar, these things are amazing."

[@superdau]

Let's just hope that should there be an accident, it's a "happy" one as well!

[@ramrod126]

Nah, he is better because even when watching Bob Ross I can't paint worth a damn but I can recreate the things on this channel. :)

[@0xc0ffea]

This is the single most underrated sci/tech channel going.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks! Comments and thumbs up are very important to promotion by KZbin.

[@ghostindamachine]

Man, the science and technical information is brought in such a clear and understandable manner. Just incredible. And fun to watch too!

[@TechIngredients]

Great!

[@simeydotme]

Not only that, but you can see moments and sparks of pure passion and happiness about science/engineering from him interlaced in the incredible clarity and technical details!

[@ghostindamachine]

Simey I totally agree! That makes it a joy to watch :)

[@simeydotme]

@@ghostindamachine I've never had an interest in sound quality or speaker material, or the resonating frequencies of polystyrene.... But I watched 2hrs of techingredients on those very subjects!! Just because of the delivery! Haha. What a channel!

[@simeydotme]

@@ghostindamachine and I learnt so much

[@chemicalcorrosion]

Yes, we ARE “interested in that subject” and ALL of your subjects! Thank you.👍

[@hekk_tech]

why is this channel so underrated? it deserves a couple of mil subscribers in my opinion!

[@TechIngredients]

Of course it does! Thanks! It has become clear that KZbin's algorithms promote based on engagement ie thumbs up and comments. Keep them coming!

[@3DPDK]

I'm an "Ol' Fart" who grew up on the "Watch Mr. Wizard" series in the early '60s. I didn't realize it at the time but watching that series at 5 to 8 years old gave me a foundation understanding of physics, chemistry, electricity, and heaven only knows what else. The genius of Donald J. Herbert was that he was a likable person and used terminology a child could understand. His show wasn't about how smart he was or an attempt to sensationalize his activities; it was more about how easy it is for anyone to learn. Interesting that it has taken 50-some years for someone to present complex scientific ideas in such an understandable way. By-the-way; I love your shop ... I want your shop ... but ... I live on a boat ... so .... yeah ....

[@TechIngredients]

Yours is a rare lifestyle choice and and an interesting one. He had the right idea in my opinion.

[@vargasd55]

Thorough and to the point, plus safety information... Awesome video. Thank you for making these videos.

[@TechIngredients]

Sure!

[@BlackWolf42-]

I've wondered how TECs work for 30+ years. You have just provided the BEST explanation yet - I can die a happy thing now.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks! Did you see our first video on the TEC refrigerator? There, I expand on this principle further.

[@dingleburry7919]

Your shirt reminds me of TV pixels when zoomed in.

[@kiyoponnn]

Criminally underrated. This channel should've exceeded 1 million subscribers years ago.

[@LordDragon1965]

I would never consider you a mad scientist. You're too happy.

[@misterhat5823]

I don't know... Add some green tint to the "smoke."

[@TechIngredients]

You saw that video then?

[@SianaGearz]

"This scientist looks too happy. I don't trust him!"

[@robertmont864]

You are a mad scientist. I like this channel.

[@kiyoponnn]

@@capturedflame Autism causes vaccines? Is this some kind of meme?

[@Peter-nv3wu]

I am an older male from the UK, and found your channel by chance. If only they had taught like this when I was at school. Thank you so much for making learning "real science" so very interesting !

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks and welcome!

[@DavidFMayerPhD]

This guy: 1. Knows what he is talking about; and 2. Explains it beautifully. Congratulations!

[@simioni]

"This methanol bath is actually more dangerous than liquid nitrogen since it doesn't immediately evaporates in contact with skin. Should probably wear gloves." *Camera zooms in to his bare hands...* 😂😂😂

[@GrimFaceHunter]

"These dewars are really amazing!"-as the liquid is running down the side of it and onto his jeans.

[@garethprice4223]

on the subject of hands zoom in, I instantly thought they could do with some Hemp Hand Cream (other products are available :) )

[@BrendanOrr]

His son was in rare form on this one! At the end I could just imagine him smirking while still recording the send-off. I like the zoom in on the camera screen and transition to said cameras footage...smooth as butter.

[@EgadsNo]

Man, I can't help but thumbs up your videos immediately upon loading. It is scary the certainty I have you will provide an excellent video.

[@Bennyboy-dog]

Another accurate and detailed explanation of a physical effect. I can feel myself getting smarter! Thanks.

[@TechIngredients]

You're welcome!

[@InsideOutsideCo]

I can’t decide if this is one of the best or if it’s the best channel on KZbin. If it’s not the best it sure is my favorite.

[@Nuovoswiss]

There's some interesting graphs on the wikipedia page for seebeck coefficient (voltage vs ∆temp) vs absolute temperature for different metals. Some increase with temperature, some decrease, and some do both depending at different temperature ranges. The common feature is that all of them trend toward 0 as temperature approaches absolute 0. Semi-conductors work differently than metals in that their "apparent" seebeck coefficient depends on how they're doped, but across the board their figure of merit trends to 0 as absolute temperature approaches 0.

[@Swi55Milk]

These just keep getting better! I used the same process with isopropyl alcohol to make a mini -40C combustion chamber with the help of a few more tricks.

[@Strange_Brew]

I was experimenting with my small thermo electric refrigerator and desiccants and I got 15 percent more efficiently using the same current. Your videos inspire me!

[@TechIngredients]

Great!

[@ilusjon]

You guys are going to get big real fast! Keep up the good work, best science channel on KZbin I've ever seen!!!

[@MrEazyE357]

Man, I just love your channel. And it may just be my imagination, but it seems like you're getting a little bit cooler with every video. Thanks so much for everything you do!

[@satyris410]

Amazing video as ever, I love this channel! My only suggestion would be to build an audio compressor and then record the audio separately. It would even out the sound levels and be an awesome video to watch you make it!

[@YbborNetsrek]

Either you guys buy everything new... or have the best cleaning habits on KZbin : )

[@tamasmihaly1]

I imagine this family has a lot of good habits.

[@manickn6819]

I suspect its all new. Clearly a senior engineer so I would think he made some decent money over the years.

[@pierreforget3357]

I must admit this guy is not there for the money, because there is certainly not enough money to make on KZbin for this type of presentation. Very professional presentation and I do appreciate a lot the fact that he takes so much trouble in presenting the scientific facts. Must certainly love what he is doing and love to share his knowledge. Must have retired from a well paying job to have all this equipment. Sometimes, I would like to share more of my knowledge, but I have monetary limits. We need more people like this guy. In a certain way, I would compare him to Bill Gates and his foundation, on a smaller scale, more on a scientific philanthropy style. Young people need that kind of stuff to get interested in science. Bravo!

[@kiyoponnn]

@@pierreforget3357 There is a way if you have no integrity by using millions of ads or by promoting sponsors, but at least you get to choose which sponsors

[@ikocheratcr]

Now I know why peltiers do what they do, super great explanation, thanks.

[@jjhack3r]

Your videos are more professional than anything I've seen on KZbin...

[@charlesfournierletourneau9369]

Your science is music to my eyes, food for my ears and a painting for my brain.

[@calipete]

Thank you for another awesome video! Love the information! Love the delivery! The Indium foil: Brilliant! Your demonstration of the Leidenfrost effect: Genius! Even your titles are great! Never any click-bait titles! As I'm writing this, there's a video suggestion in the right column, from another channel, that starts out, "5 New Technologies That Could CHANGE..." I'm glad you don't do that with your videos. They don't need it. The fact is, I've seen enough of your videos that if you made a video and called it, "Tires vs Pavement," I would watch it, because I know it would be chock full of really cool, useful information. Thanks again! As long as you keep making great videos, I'll keep watching them!

[@splackism]

I really enjoy the explanation of the topic and supporting technology. The experimental process demonstrating is understandable and well planned. Even the safety content follows the same style, e.g. gas cushion and frying pan. This is such a great channel! 👍

[@SilverSergeant]

Not exactly what I expected from the title....but a great video and a wealth of information.....

[@danharold3087]

I enjoy how your subjects are eclectic and generally fall in line with my interests. Thumbs up.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@hendrikvanderryst3361]

What a great topic. Excellent content and understandable explanation. Let's see where this journey takes us!

[@Nighthawkinlight]

I'd like to see you make a TEC powered cloud chamber.

[@DC_DC_DC_DC]

Absolutely. One thin and large enough so that it can be hung like a painting.

[@cantsolvesudokus]

I don’t even know what that is, but i wanna see it too

[@rorygallagher628]

Thoughtemporium is doing this right now on his Instagram.👍

[@bernardo00124719]

whats a cloud chamber?

[@typistkid9012]

I think the thought emporium did that

[@radiowallofsound]

11:49 hahaha you already look like a mad scientist! please never stop making these videos! they are the best!!!

[@Objectivityiskey]

Thanks for this endeavor! As high functioning, this feeds my soul. I can't find this kind of content anywhere else. I am very grateful.

[@causer13]

I love this channel and I also learn english by watching these videos.

[@TechIngredients]

Great!

[@lalPOOO]

Sick. I subbed after seeing your speaker video. Love this channel!

[@chrisw1462]

The speakers were awesome, for sure! Those drivers are still sold out half the time I look.

[@TheZombieSaints]

I had to laugh when you said " maybe I should be wearing gloves" and your cameraman zooms in on your hand... and then a little bit more for good measure. lol. love it and love your videos.

[@GlennHamblin]

Long time purveyor of your videos. So I subscribed today. Thanks for the hard work and consice explanations.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@hawkie333]

Excellent description of Peltier devices. Lots of potential with the homebrewing community, these are good for fermenting.

[@hawkie333]

Wu Me that too!

[@markbell9742]

Thanks as always for your efforts. Safety tip for dewars: wrap the exterior with surgical cloth (athletic) tape that way when it decides to go south it will be more contained with fewer flying bits. All it takes is just a small bump by something, but I have them go-off inexplicably. Cheers, Mark ****************************** PS However, they do look much 'cooler' without the tape.

[@longwildernesswalks]

Yes, you sir definitely look like the 'Mad Scientist' we've been looking for. LOVE your channel! Keep up the GREAT work!

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@PaulaBean]

Thanks for explaining the dangers of cold baths. I wasn't aware of the lack of Leidenfrost Effect in methanol.

[@therondunn4670]

You remind me of one of my favorite tv shows when I was a child. Don Herbert as Mr. Wizard. Love your content.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@Rhannmah]

Hi Tech Ingredients, I loved your series on TEC's as I've been thinking about a TEC setup to reach very low temperatures for a couple years by now. This demonstration here really explains well why you can't go for very low temperatures easily, or at all, even. But through my own experimentation I recently made a water cooled heat exchanger housing with 3D printing to circulate water through with a simple water pump and evacuate all heat from the hot side and keep it at room temperature, and with this setup and a single TEC1-12706 I could measure temperatures below -30°C (my infrared thermometer doesn't go that low) on the cold side while keeping the hot side at about 20°C, which seems a much better temperature differential than what you were getting. I was powering it at 12v though, as that's the recommended working voltage for those units. I actually thought about using methanol to circulate through a 2nd heat exchanger attached to the cold side to try and bring that methanol down to the temperature recorded on the cold side. Would that possibly work?

[@BazilRat]

"Makes me look like a mad scientist, doesn't it?" He says, gleefully. I would be exactly the same.

[@talon0863]

I'm guessing when the cameras are off he is a mad scientist

[@andymouse]

Very interesting comparison between liquid nitrogen and your "Bath" of methanol, I used to slosh nitrogen around at work (microscopy) and as you say, when better informed your relatively safe. The only time I ever received a "burn" was when I was told to wear gauntlets by a health and safety officer, the liquid ran into the glove and had time enough to cool my skin and then the nitrogen touched me and the air turned blue!...we never did see eye to eye after that.

[@AtlasReburdened]

I bet you have at least one osha guy in cold sweats over the cryo methanol, wishing you would hire 9 more people so he can get you for not wearing gloves.

[@EgadsNo]

Long as he is sole proprietor he can do whatever he wants and OSHA can't say a thing. If he orders a nondirect family member to do the same though- you are right though.

[@Shadowmaster625]

I'm more worried about the antifa guys watching this and getting ideas 🤷‍♂️

[@ecospider5]

Amazing video you really are the best. The difference between cold liquids that boil at skin temperature compared to cold liquids that don’t boil at skin temperature was very interesting and a great piece of safety knowledge.

[@theone14444]

Great content once again. I really enjoy your professional, topic-focussed approach. Informative and detailled. Might be a bit of a nieche here on youtube, but I'm glad you fill it so well. Greetings from germany!

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@josephkingston9252]

Something tells me this man has never had problems paying his monthly bills, talk about smart, this man has a technical astronomical brain of understanding, he's the one that instructs the phd's of modern day society.

[@ernestoterrazas3480]

Super interesting experiment and very well preformed and explained CONGRATULATION and thank you very much.

[@pyromen321]

How soluble is CO2 in methanol? I’ve done similar dry ice baths with isopropanol and acetone in the past. I found that with acetone, especially, there was still a huge amount of CO2 dissolved in solution after it warmed up to room temperature. I wanted to keep the acetone for reuse, so I put it in a bottle, but I couldn’t actually cap it for about two days because it would build up so much pressure. I’m wondering if you experienced similar issues when trying to save the methanol you used

[@TechIngredients]

It's the same for the methanol. You could also make carbonated whisky with dry ice

[@eulemitbeule5426]

One method of getting rid of the CO2 would be a simple destillation. Given that you are dealing with organic solvents which have a rather low boiling point, it should be a rather quick solution to dump it into a rotavap, put the pressure to 0.5 bar and wait a few minutes.

[@eulemitbeule5426]

@raedotted Out of experience (having to clean more than one rotovap that experienced a boil-over) i can tell you that most organic solvents will boil at room temperature when you go below 0.3 bar. Putting them into a vacuum chamber will just boil them off, with the added benefit of having a highly flammable gas going through your hot vacuum pump (those things create a lot of heat through friction between the piston and the wall). Personally, i can live without a gas with a temperature above its flashpoint in my room.

[@greggv8]

@@TechIngredients I'd love to see you do a video on re-carbonating flat soda with dry ice.

[@stan.rarick8556]

@@greggv8 I used to do that in high school, got the dry ice from the concession stands at sports events. As a byproduct, you also get carbonated 'popsicles'.

[@smalltownwireless]

I like this one. Perfect length where my brain does not explode with all of the great knowledge shared! Keep up the great work!

[@RinksRides]

cool subjects, great editing and video, well researched material. Thank you for providing a good reference bar.

[@restcure]

(hehe - colder than cool)

[@gertbenade3082]

As usual, a great video! Also: your shirt looks like the pixels on an LCD panel! 🙂

[@megankerr4298]

You're like a modern Mister Wizard for grown-ups. I love it!!

[@RaivoltG]

You're the happiest "mad scientist!" I wish you much happiness, please continue the madness!!

[@SamHancke]

'this kind of makes me look like a mad scientist'... You ARE a mad scientist and I love every minute of your videos! Except for the 5 min 1000Hz tone previously :-p keep it up!

[@UPsideDOWNworld321]

Camera zoom to the camera is a nice touch

[@pauladams1156]

You’re like the super intelligent grandfather, I wish I always had. Great work! Keep it up.👍🏻

[@weberito]

Paul Adams take it easy Morty!

[@sriramn1809]

Nice video. I have a question. You mentioned at around 13:00 that handling methanol-dry ice bath is much more dangerous than liquid nitrogen because liquid nitrogen forms a shield of steam while methanol does not evaporate and maintains liquid contact with your body. However just a few minutes later when you dipped the metal end of the cap into your bath, there was some steam formation(which you predicted as well). How different is this from liquid nitrogen? Is there a subtle difference between boiling and evaporation at play here that i dont have clearly understood?

[@mecacell7732]

I like the way your explaining things, really like your videos, very informative...🙂👍

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@kevinbatt9587]

Nice demonstration!

[@ghlscitel6714]

Very convincing, very substantial. Congrats!

[@ohmhackman7365]

Great video! As always. I hope you haven't lost interest in the massive magnet you built, I have been waiting for a follow up since it was posted.

[@TechIngredients]

Not at all! Its like a candy store here...what next?

[@jsepulveda7550]

Oh man! Sweet demonstration!!! I love your Chanel.

[@DmitryMyadzelets]

You could get colder on the cold side of the Peltier if you are warmer on the hot side. That's cool :) I can report that I've got -62 C on the cold side having -16 at the cold side. And yes, the 46 degrees difference is smaller wrt 70 degrees difference at room temperature.

[@gregorythomas333]

"I seem kind of like a mad scientist" @14:29 "Oops...sh(bleep)t" Naw...just kind of like miffed...not really mad :) These are some really great experiments...learning quite a bit about so many different subjects...thank you for creating these videos!

[@konstantinlee2275]

Finally! Right decision @18:50 you'd better make aquarium lights... please, aquarium light are much healthier and safe. Don't work with methanol anymore. Take care!

[@kentharris7427]

That is a nice Temperature meter. The cheap meters only go down to -50C where yours goes below -200 C!

[@kUb_kOb]

since the tecs work better at higher temps, would they work in combination with a high power cob? cob>tec>heatsink?

[@TechIngredients]

Yes, they would.

[@GoldSrc_]

Ooh, big and powerful LEDs, can't wait for that.

[@CXensation]

Always something very cool on this channel!

[@TechIngredients]

Ha!

[@Equinitry]

Nice explanation and experiment! Keep on going ;)

[@yucelkucukcirkin4252]

I would like to see a project about making dry ice is you guys willing to do that :) By the way great video thanks for your effort.

[@johnnew3182]

That would be awesome. NO FIRE EXTINGUISHERS though.

[@seymourclearly]

Great channel, interesting and educational

[@ddiva1973]

im looking forward to checking out the other peltier videos you got

[@terryivinho3228]

Your such a good speaker.

[@TechIngredients]

Thank you!

[@maciekm7953]

As always awesome video 👍 I watched them all. Am i addicted? 😂

[@TechIngredients]

I hope so!

[@matthewfox3760]

An understandable genius Thank you for sharing your knowledge

[@christopherbenetatos5123]

Always great content 👍

[@ephjaymusic]

Electroboom also tried to create a stack with a heatsink. This is awesome!

[@Zekesaxman]

Another great video, thanks for the free education.

[@3dprintingpunk31]

I would have loved to have this man as my father. I didn't have a father growing up but I was always curious so I learned about computers before most of my friends did. I'm trained to repair them and my friends either come to me or go out and pay a ton for someone my age to kind of guess what's wrong....if they get lucky they get a guy who has a cert like me.

[@kashinathpratapm]

I like your camera person. He/she highlights your little mistakes like not wearing gloves. 😄

[@candicebeebe6688]

Scientist YES, Mad NO. These are the best video's on the Tube. Don't know what you do for a living but I hope you work for the USA Military.

[@tomhood8897]

Thanks for another fantastic educational video!

[@arfink]

Could you suggest any possibilities for acoustic dampening/absorption in a very high frequency range, specifically 15khz? I've been trying to do some research on the topic, but there's so much advertisement disguised as science around the topic, and I'm not knowledgeable enough to feel my way through it. I want to try to find a way to deal with CRT whine for a project I have in mind.

[@michaelyoutube5149]

CRT ?? What's that? You could just wait 20+ years... that sound used to be loud and drive me nuts. Then CRT's went away, and then... so did the range :-( Did you check out the Tech Ingredients video's on Hydrogen? kzbin.info/www/bejne/oKmyq6OGf8ehiqs kzbin.info/www/bejne/lZLClaF3r5mFr9E

[@johnofthejungle5699]

Best channel on youtube!

[@ivanrlynn]

Looking forward to the next one!

[@nicomedia62]

Great video as always, thanks.

[@Margarinetaylorgrease]

I use TEC as heaters, I heat a 100Ltr hot water tank to around 55c. It will go up as the weather gets warmer. I'm using 12 TECs in 4 stacks, 11V, 5.5v and 2.25v per layer. I started doing it last year because someone told me I could not heat water for domestic use with a 12V solar panel system (over summer). I had been using a standard 600w 12V water heater for 2yrs previous to this but I just decided to double down in my proof.

[@Margarinetaylorgrease]

@Wu Me Can you lend me £1000? I plan to add a water to air (or is it air to water?) on the cold side one day but that's after I pay off my over draft. i proved him wrong and the watt input is tiny. I have not paid for more than 10% of my hot water for 4yrs. Building the system is just starting to pay off and reliability is a big factor. More pumps is not high on my want list. Good 12V pumps are expensive.

[@Margarinetaylorgrease]

@Wu Me "you can just" is an option of privilege. My privilege is minimal

[@Margarinetaylorgrease]

@Wu Me Thanks for the thoughts though.

[@Margarinetaylorgrease]

@Wu Me WOW!!!!!

[@Spirit532]

Wasting power. A regular heater is 100% efficient, peltiers(if heatsinked) are 50% efficient.

[@3harath]

professor could you make a video on- -extracting heat using tec and converting it to electrical energy(seebeck effect)

[@TechIngredients]

I am currently building that very device.

[@unperfil]

Love the videos! Thanks!

[@bailey125]

14:41 Dunno why I laughed at that hand zoom-in lol

[@gafrers]

Constantly awesome content.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@martinmiller7623]

Very cool no pun intended thanks again great channel.

[@Xikss]

Why couldn’t you reach -78C in your dry ice bath? Was your thermometer out of place? I would also be curious to find out this table with fluid mixtures and respective temperatures