The hidden network that makes the internet possible - Sajan Saini

Explore how fiber optics uses light to transmit data over long distances, and with integrated photonics, expands our virtual world beyond the internet.
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In 2012, a team of researchers set a world record, transmitting 1 petabit of data- that’s 10,000 hours of high-def video- over a fifty-kilometer cable, in a second. This wasn’t just any cable. It was a souped-up version of fiber optics, the hidden network that links our planet and makes the internet possible. What is fiber optics and how does it work? Sajan Saini explores the vital technology.
Lesson by Sajan Saini, directed by Artrake Studio.
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[@bubbly7137]

I’ve watched your animations since I was 6, I found your channel on my moms iPad and made it my goal to watch all of the videos you already had posted. I watched every single one of your videos every time they uploaded. Until now. I’m 12 now.

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Indeed it is one of the most informative and well researched channels on KZbin, do check out Kurzgesagt channel as well(if you haven't yet) BTW glad to see a fellow Fullmetal fan...

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[@scienceogram7291]

The narrative and animate are top notch as always. Inspiring !!! Hope we get 6G sooon lol

[@scienceogram7291]

@Dominotik Ivan Tulovskiy That is why i mentioned "soooon"😂😂😂

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First i need proper 4G speed 😂 100kbps

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@Dominotik Ivan Tulovskiy i thought it means later

[@mirwaiz9619]

We have to get 4G first

[@SilverDawnArrow]

While we're all in lockdown and can't see each other in person, I've been video calling my dad every weekend. I'm in London and he's in Singapore, and it's almost unbelievable how little delay there is, given that it takes a person 14 hours to fly that distance.

[@megatron3265]

Informative video bro Keep up the good work

[@megatron3265]

Thanks for the heart :)

[@Stalka42]

TED is an organisation not a single person FYI

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Over the years I think so highly of TED-Ed that I cringed when this guy said 'bro' :D Kudos to TED-Ed!

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@@SanketDube maybe he ment the vid maker

[@MarkWTK]

some say the fire, wheel and electricity are the most important manmade inventions. i agree and i think the internet should be up there with them too

[@harshshitole6293]

天吉Mark Yes

[@silviusaran]

Man didn't invented the fire, wheel nor the electricity; he only discovered them. As for the internet, this is his solo invention

[@Capytalistbara_edits]

@@silviusaran yes

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Silviu Saran true

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And air conditioning as well :)

[@thecommentdoggo9271]

*2:46* There's a dinosour above Australia. Lol

[@cachecollin6984]

That's papau New Guinea

[@blueeye2281]

@@cachecollin6984 not papau its papua. Btw I've liked your comment. And are u from Sri Lanka

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Its' the Kangaroo King

[@Eric-qe6xz]

That's the island of Papua...

[@Sunny-zh6go]

u mean below?

[@agarsrish]

The animation, as usual, never disappoints. It almost feels like it's getting better and better!! Every animation team understands the brief so well, and they just know what the subject matter needs. Well done again, Ted-Ed!

[@mathsparaduxe4793]

Please give a watch to freequraneducation they do amazing animation too

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Incredible technology used for watching memes 🤔

[@stormysamreen7062]

Lmao yeah, we've come so far.

[@annymus4502]

You deserve this now (^-^) />🏆

[@duck1ente]

We truly inhabit a society

[@interopsty]

Everyday we stray further from God

[@user-sb8cs3le2j]

Check out r/dankmemes

[@Chaz042TFC]

This video was accurate up until the 2:58 mark..... 1.) Most data centers moved to fiber optics between server racks years ago, with some racks using fiber optic exclusively for high bandwidth applications. 2.) "Integrated photonics" is currently a pipedream next to everyday quantum computing, way too much has to happen before we can use the technology, like figuring out how to build it. 3.) We have a technology to convert electricity to light, it's called a modem. 4.) Researchers maybe working THz tech, but we have enough issues with day to day 60Ghz wireless, to the point, it's not used commonly yet due to pitfalls. Also, the THz spectrum is approaching the visual light spectrum. You'll need more more power as you go up to get the same results, like 300x ~ 1000x the power of used by current Wi-Fi. Also, while using that much power, it won't be able to penetrate anything whatsoever. 5.) Good luck running fiber to all those nodes that will provide coverage, even if you could convince a large Telecom to pay for that bill. The FCC or equivalent government bodies would have to give up all control on the spectrum in use and where nodes could be placed. 6.) 6G, lol, come talk to me in 25 years, then maybe we'll be there. We still haven't finished 4G, the original standard called for 1Gbps, you're lucky if you can get 2.5% of that.

[@specific_pseudonym]

Came here to say this. #2 is the big one that had me going "wait...wtf is he talking about?" because...he's referring to photonics in general, not integrated photonics. Literally all fiber requires using SFP modules, but that doesn't mean we can somehow unplug wires everywhere. Even if ALL processors WERE made of integrated photonics, you'd still have to run optical amplifiers, and those still require power.

[@coffeebeanB]

Interesting comment, perhaps you were so eager to watch a video whose content you know so well to prove it wrong, the video simply stated facts but never anything in concrete and I personally didn't finish the video thinking that 6G will be a possibility any time soon. Again, your comment is interesting, it does not, however, make the video inaccurate

[@e4531]

I mean. We have finished 4G. With 5G. You haven’t seen the ads?

[@Cherry-qx6rk]

There is 5G already used

[@uniqhnd23]

Nice comment and thanks for pointing out the wrongs.

[@scoopam_art]

It still amazes me how humans managed to capture audio,photo/video and transfer them around the globe in the form of electromagnetic waves...so magical

[@kingofbehfist6730]

Thank you 🙏 so much for this video I’ve always wondered how the internet was made possible

[@-4subscriberswithahammerad521]

If it can make the internet possible, then it can make skynet possible

[@DiracComb.7585]

-4 Subscribers with a hammer addiction Come with me if you want to live

[@saitenotoshuitsnaini]

Skynet is human

[@dakrakenz5314]

I'll be back.

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Get Out.. There's a Bomb in There

[@dh5760]

Keep doing what you guys do! Such a great and informative channel! These videos make my day!

[@torguttormsyvertsen9088]

“The more wonderful the means of communication, the more trivial, tawdry, or depressing its contents seemed to be.” ― Arthur C. Clarke (1917-2008)

[@sonialin6962]

Thanks Ted-Ed, your videos are always so nicely presented and great to watch. New Zealand isn't on the map at 2:46...

[@ra_alf9467]

Again..

[@samarendra109]

If you look from *sky* the hidden wires looks like a *net* . Hmmm. So it's a *SkyNet* 🤨

[@akuljamwal3085]

It's a *web* of fibres *deep* in the oceans So it's *deep web*

[@susmitamohapatra9293]

It's a web that spans world-wide, so it's the World Wide Web

[@terrymacd2310]

@@susmitamohapatra9293 The web will always be the dwelling place of the spider, so I wonder, does that make us all flies caught in it's sticky trap?

[@renaldyazhari2709]

No, it's StarLink Project

[@susmitamohapatra9293]

@@terrymacd2310 if we're the flies, what's the spider?

[@thecommentdoggo9271]

*2:17* This is how my television screen looks like on a rainy day

[@kowlc1660]

Don't watch TV when it's raining! It's dangerous

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@@kowlc1660 not really.

[@mid7699]

@@kowlc1660 ??

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@@kowlc1660 how

[@jokrwx3]

Making it understandable to public is a real hard work thank you so much

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That's a long way this video had to travel before coming to my phone

[@noahi.1381]

I love TED. Every video puts me into a new perspective, whether it's a talk, riddle, or Q&A.

[@thecommentdoggo9271]

*0:49* I'm so happy on seeing that person so happy Idk why😀😊

[@stormysamreen7062]

@@randomdude9135 Also that professor from the five-sided square video. Look him up plz, he is really excited about his subject.

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COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY + ENGINEERING + PROGRAMMING =LIFE

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Is hacker have a life?

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Wow Ted-Ed never stops amazing me. Thank you!

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Watch freequraneducation they are on another level of animation and u will surely enjoy

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I never missed any Ted Ed video, and this one is definitely one of my favorites. Thank you so much for creating this amazing content!

[@rockybhai88353]

Thank you for this video, because I was stuck in this topic for 2 today's and when I see is five minutes video the concept was instantly clear by this animation... Thanks a lot.

[@MarkWTK]

Thank you Sir Tim Berners-Lee for making the internet free!!!! 👍👍👐👐

[@showaibzaman400]

You animation is amazing 😋.

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Don't pin or give hear in this comment . If you are not bot.

[@disguisedhell]

Great animation as always

[@akhilambizhethu]

TED-Ed , please don't change the style. Animation, background score and narration, they together give an experience of a miniature "feel-good" movie. And knowledge and information, they are bonus.

[@czyruszamora5309]

Ted i have a question. What if all the people decide to sing all together. Same tiem and same day what's gonna happen. Whats the hight of the sound wave can rich

[@Guztav1337]

The Earth is so big. And we humans are so small. Nothing special would happen. Wouldn't even notice. Also, sound can not only increase but also _decrease_ the height/amplitude of the sound wave, due to interference.

[@shreyanshmishra3278]

The animation is fantastic!

[@fatted3004]

Have to mention... Dr. Thomas Mensah is a world-renowned Ghanaian-American inventor and chemical engineer. Mensah is most well-known for his pioneering innovations in fiber optics and nanotechnology.

[@paritoshjha28]

Ted...always the best

[@In-Shaan]

I am proud to be a human. Atleast some people from our species could able to invent such great technology.

[@firaca100]

Always, always, and always a very clear & interesting narration and outstanding animation. This channel makes me addicted to watch over and over again their videos. Keep up the good work, wish someday that I'll be able to be a part of Ted Ed team 😊

[@prachityagi83]

Thank you😊😊.. 3 min . Ago uploaded. .

[@zainn.a]

Amazing video, learnt this phenomenon in school recently! Great to see how this translates into real life

[@shivtejsalunke8629]

Very excellent phyllosophy Plz make video on a topic....... Sometimes When we are watching something we realise that this scene and environment we have experienced in our past times Why this happens

[@vandacatalano2660]

Very simplified and easy to understand explanation of how internet has spread so easily worldwide.

[@heidexeniah]

I honestly learned much more from TED-Ed rather than school

[@bebarshossny5148]

Because you didn't focus in school

[@NoahSpurrier]

Two facts I am critical of are: 1. the limits of fiber optics. The biggest limitation of fiber optics is “modal dispersion”. Submarine cables do not simply connect one continent with another with a single long cable. The cables are actually many short sections joined by repeaters that amplify the signal. Repeaters are required every 100 kilometers, or every 50 to 100 miles. The cables include electrical lines to power the repeaters underwater. 2. The narrator states that computer servers are overworked. This is a characterization that is both undefined and not supported. Servers infrastructure is always being upgraded as a normal part of technological demand and growth.

[@henryd-g5030]

How are there dislikes???😔 keep up the good workTed Ed love it!

[@henryd-g5030]

There are twenty already!

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Ted-Ed always saves my sanity here in KZbin.

[@v._.x]

Love it ❤

[@Blaze_0101]

Superb animation ....!

[@AntiParallali]

I had no idea they were all on the ocean floor! I mean, now thinking about it, that makes sense, but still way cool!!

[@aksi1916]

I had this question in my mind almost forever. Thanks for answering it . I love Ted Ed. Did you also think of this question before ?? Like if you did.

[@DearYASH]

Love You from INDIA✌🇮🇳

[@ruzahel6287]

Bless the scientists who changed our world yet again.

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i like ted ed giving useful and unique information

[@naveenraj2008eee]

Nice video ted-ed about optic fiber.. Thanks for the video..🙏

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Love those quirky animations.

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Animations, the knownledge with the narrator is so relaxing

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This channel even taught me better and more than in high school !!!

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I love Ted Ed because it can explain any thing.

[@AkashHalder003]

Please make a video about how internet cables are laid through the oceans around the world.

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Yes yes yessss! I would love to know how do they do it too! 😌

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Yesterday : discovered channels Today: subed I already love yall!!!

[@Elyazabarko]

You are best, as always. Love your canal

[@gsdaphu]

Amazing technology of optical fiber transformed the communication world. But not much is known about the inventor of process to make optical fiber, Mr. Narinder Singh Kapanny, a sikh gentleman, an another unsung hero proclaimed by Forbes magazine. I think TedEd should make video on his life and achievements.

[@soldierkevinYT]

I was watching the previous video, then I found this new video just about 10 minutes uploaded. LOVE IT

[@Skulltroxx]

The working of the internet has always surprised me!

[@thisisathul]

Top notch animation and narration as always. Keep up the terrific work 👍🏻

[@amalkrishnas1696]

what an amazing video, really blew my mind

[@rahul8454]

THANKS TO SAJAN SAINI

[@mauz791]

The animation diversity is magnificent

[@bautistakeithcharles3302]

One cannot overlook the contribution of glass in this. It made possible the internet we cannot live without today..

[@wades_world22]

WOW this is an awesome video. Learned a lot, and love the animation style :)

[@felooosailing957]

One of your greatest videos

[@sunlight4698]

this gonna need part 2

[@laapapapa6388]

TED-Ed answering questions I didn't even know I had!

[@krisnasaputra9511]

I could watch this channel all day without feeling guilty cause I actually leant something.

[@bubblewrapstargirl]

I never even considered asking how fibre optics worked. I had no idea it wasn't just a metal cable of some kind. TED-ed videos: answering questions I never had a burning need to know until the moment I see the title of the video.

[@eleazarevanmoeljono8804]

Thanks for the good animation

[@0Sildar0]

What makes the ping increase when you conect to a farthest server? Are those milisecond of ping the distance in speed of light between the server and the PC (by going zig-zag)?

[@twilightundersky8658]

Finally a ted ed video I can actually understand

[@biofluorescence]

Further extended my knowledge on optic fibres.

[@heyitsritu]

About two days ago I was thinking about how does the damn internet works and boom here it is. This vid made me go like ohh my biggg god this is genius. Thanks for the vid. Keep doing this we need this

[@Wingedkitten345]

3:54 Love that it’s a recycling truck

[@ReGeorgie]

I watch Ted Ed every single morning I’m not even close to finishing watch your videos they are incredible and very eductaional

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Gotta love the animation in ted ed videos. I need to use more animation in my own videos this is inspiring

[@sravankrishna8033]

Plz make a video on how different signals work and how the detectors or transmitters work

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Wish I could join you guys so that I can learn and also make learning possible. I've no clue how to do it....

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rayyan ahmed you can contact them through their website :)

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Congrats on 9M Subscribers Ted Ed

[@garrettk7166]

Fiber is amazing. Love it.

[@chryscantsleep]

Who remembers when 2G was amazing? How fast we've grown.

[@javieralejandrotrianapaz6343]

And now there's 5G

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This is so fascinating

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Yes pleaaase, more videos like this. My fav topics are food science and current technology. :O

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if possible could u tell me ur animation software...ur videos are great and the fact that visual media is registered faster in our brains than theoretical can be easily seen here...

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It's so good I watched 3 times

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i have watched your for a long time and i absolutely love your channel. keep up the amazing work

[@DebangaBarkakati]

Excellent video and superb demonstration .Bingo !!

[@ashwindev4340]

Hey I have a doubt. Why our normal PC's can convert light signals to electric signals and big servers can't do it?

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Ted Ed is one of the many epitomes of learning in this world

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Great Video!!! I wounder why the ice is melting

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With a great power comes a great responsibilities

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Very educational!

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Wow! Humans are awesome!!

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I learn alot from this channel everyday. Thank you. Keep up with these great vids