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Studying the genome, ancient DNA, is crucial to understanding the very first waves of European settlement by Homo sapiens and their encounter with Neanderthals. It raises many fascinating questions, which we'll address here.
What are the sites in Eurasia that have allowed the sequencing of the oldest traces of ancient DNA from these pioneering populations?
Who were these very first modern humans who arrived in Europe and at what time? Where did they come from? What migration routes did they take?
What was the degree of genetic interbreeding in Europe between the early arriving Homo sapiens populations and the indigenous Neanderthals? When and where did this interbreeding occur?
Are there any genetic traces left of these early European Homo sapiens pioneers in the genomes of present-day Europeans?
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CHAPTERS:
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00:16:04 Questions Addressed
00:53:16 Study of Ancient DNA
03:29:21 Ancient Genome Sequencing and Migration Routes of the First Humans to Populate Europe
05:11:13 Ust-Ishim Man in Russia (44,500 years)
07:47:13 Bacho Kiro in Bulgaria (46,900 years)
10:50:28 Oase 1 Man in Romania (42,000 years)
13:09:07 Zlaty Kun Woman in the Czech Republic (47,000 years)
00:15:48 Buran-Kaya Man in Crimea (37,000 years)
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