The Birth of Civilisation - The First Farmers (20000 BC to 8800 BC)

In the first of a three part series, we cover the earliest origins of agriculture in settlements throughout the Near East, and the great monuments their peoples erected.
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#History #StoneAge #GobekliTepe
“Arid Foothills” “Ave Marimba” “Night Cave” “Infados” “Night Dreams” "Silver Flame" "Accralate" "The Pyre" and “Ritual” by Kevin MacLeod are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
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[@TheHistocrat]

General sources: Chris Scarre (2018) The Human Past. Fourth Edition. Klaus Schmidt (2012) Gobekli Tepe: A Stone Age Sanctuary in South-Eastern Anatolia. Marc Van De Mieroop (2016) A History of the Ancient Near East. Third Edition. Amanda H. Podany (2014) The Ancient Near East: A Very Short Introduction. Video References: Stefan Milo (2019) How bad was the Younger Dryas? Causes-Megafauna-Civilisation. References: Gautney and Holliday (2015) New estimations of habitable land area and human population size at the last glacial maximum. Journal of Archaeological Science. Watkins (2010) New Light on Neolithic Revolution in south-west Asia. Antiquity. Revedin et al. (2010) Thirty thousand-year-old evidence of plant food processing. PNAS. Spivak and Nadel (2016) The use of stone at Ohalo II, a 23,000 year old site in the Jordan Valley, Israel. Journal of Lithic Studies. Groman-Yaroslavski et al. (2016) Composite Sickles and Cereal Harvesting Methods at 23,000-Years-Old Ohalo II, Israel. PLOS ONE. Snir et al. (2015) The Origin of Cultivation and Proto-Weeds, Long Before Neolithic Farming. PLOS ONE. Maher et al. (2012) Twenty Thousand-Year-Old Huts at a Hunter-Gatherer Settlement in Eastern Jordan. PLOS ONE. Ramsey et al. (2018) Risk, Reliability and Resilience: Phytolith Evidence for Alternative ‘Neolithization’ Pathways at Kharaneh IV in the Azraq Basin, Jordan. PLOS ONE. Maher et al. (2015) Occupying wide open spaces? Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherer activities in the Eastern Levant. Quaternary International. Grosman et al. (2016) Nahal Ein Gev II, a Late Natufian Community at the Sea of Galilee. PLOS ONE. Liu et al. (2018) Fermented beverage and food storage in 13,000 y-old stone mortars at Raqefet Cave, Israel: Investigating Natufian ritual feasting. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. Richter et al. (2017) High Resolution AMS Dates from Shubayqa 1, northeast Jordan Reveal Complex Origins of Late Epipalaeolithic Natufian in the Levant. Scientific Reports. Arranz-Otaegui (2018) Archaeobotanical evidence reveals the origins of bread 14,400 years ago in northeastern Jordan. PNAS. Eitam et al. (2015) Experimental Barley Flour Production in 12,500-Year-Old Rock-Cut Mortars in Southwestern Asia. PLOS ONE. Grosman et al. (2008) A 12,000-year-old Shaman burial from the southern Levant (Israel). PNAS. Dubreuil et al. (2019) Evidence of ritual breakage of a ground stone tool at the Late Natufian site of Hilazon Tachtit cave (12,000 years ago). PLOS ONE. Olszewski (2012) The Zarzian in the Context of the Epipaleolithic Middle East. International Journal of the Humanities. Rosen and Rivera-Collazo (2012) Climate change, adaptive cycles, and the persistence of foraging economies during the late Pleistocene/Holocene transition in the Levant. PNAS. Lorenzo Nigro (2014) The Archaeology of Collapse and Resilience: Tell es-Sultan/Ancient Jericho as a case study. ROSAPAT 11. Dietrich et al. (2012) The role of cult and feasting in the emergence of Neolithic communities. New evidence from Gobekli Tepe, south-eastern Turkey. Antiquity. Dietrich et al. (2017) Feasting, Social Complexity, and the Emergence of the Early Neolithic of Upper Mesopotamia. In book: Feast, Famine or Fight?: Multiple Pathways to Social Complexity. Dietrich et al. (2019) Cereal Processing at Early Neolithic Gobekli Tepe, southeastern Turkey. PLOS ONE.

[@iAm223]

No mention of Africa huh?

[@tsopmocful1958]

@@iAm223 No mention of Fred, Wilma, Barney and Betty either. I'm hugely disappointed.

[@iAm223]

tsopmocful cute but you have no civilized people or civilization without Africa

[@iAm223]

tsopmocful now look into ishango bone then cross check the rest of the world and see what everyone else was doing

[@Metal0sopher]

Just some constructive criticism here. I hope you take it as such. No ill will meant. The true start is at 9:46. Why such a long convoluted preamble of talking about what you are going to talk about, in future tense about the past no less. That was jarring, and so unnecessary. And more dates. Please more dates. What is more important when talking about history than the date? It's so frustrating watching so many of these documentaries where they jump from time to time and treat dates as incidental to be mentioned here and there. I wish all history documentaries kept a permanent timeline on screen always displaying the date(or approximation) they are covering in that moment. But overall good documentary and thank you for the effort.

[@rivermorrison8383]

Those ancient villagers didn't realize that if they would just collect 500 food and 200 gold they could level up to the Castle age at their town center then have Knights to fight with.

[@thelordgold]

If you two ever need eye spectacle tape, you let me know; I got a guy.

[@jacoboneill2494]

No tutorial, no help section, and no replies from the devs. 😤

[@jacqueslheureux9161]

didn't have a manuel before printing...

[@Nodnarcreator]

Fast castle into knight rush OP asf

[@travisjenkins3109]

LOL

[@elrondhubbard7059]

It really puts your life in perspective when you think about how many generations of people have come before.

[@vanillajack5925]

If you go back even more generations, you'd meet your fish ancestors.

[@charlesdolaya]

@@vanillajack5925 huh?

[@TheGemar14]

@@vanillajack5925 You do know that's not how evolution works, right?

[@vanillajack5925]

@@TheGemar14 That's exactly how it works, where do you think amphibians, reptiles, and mammals came from?

[@TheGemar14]

@@vanillajack5925 What I meant is, the common ancestor of both mammals and fish would be an organism that is technically neither a mammal nor a fish. So, semantic disagreement

[@ZauberbergV]

The three videos in this series just might be the best videos on KZbin.

[@TheinternetArchaeologist]

My dude this is some pretty cookie cutter KZbin documentary it's informative to be sure but get real😅

[@nayrtnartsipacify]

​@@TheinternetArchaeologistno its the best things in existence. AHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH!

[@evamaria1441]

I can’t thank you enough for having proper ENG subtitle. Now I can watch and understand each word slowly and effectively 😊

[@scottc3165]

Fascinating. I really like the way the presenter is not bound to any narrative, but freely states if something is unknown. The sign of a real historian.

[@nickkings7881]

Yeah too bad so much of Academia really doesn't think that way like all of the water erosion on the pyramids people won't believe that they're older than they think. They found all those underground cities from hundreds of thousands of years ago and no one will admit that there was civilization before ours that had to come in and go. Civilization that lived through these ice ages a quarter of a million years and you really think there wasn't any other civilization that explored this world people are nuts it only took us a couple of thousand years why do you think it couldn't happen before and got an erased from some sort of climate change

[@Aithis.]

nickolas reyes the only thing is we would be able to track if there was ever a previous civilisation like ours from co2 levels although there are no quick or much noticeable rises in co2 from our past. Unless there was an advanced civilazion that somehow lived their live completely different to us and didn’t go to the levels of harmful industrialisation as we did so higher co2 levels wouldn’t show up. Who knows though if we got wiped out by an asteroid or flood right now, then in around 10000 years or more there might not be any evidence we were even here either

[@hakkyakky4883]

@@nickkings7881 I take it this comment is parody?

[@DarkVeghetta]

@@Aithis. Given what we know of geology and biology, as far as we can tell, it should be close to impossible to not notice signs of current-level human civilization, for hundreds of thousands or even millions of years into the future, should we be wiped out and someone actually bothered to look. All the right angles of our buildings, for one, are exceedingly unlikely to be confused with natural formations - certainly not on the scale we've produced them, and a good amount of them would be preserved for millions of years to come, given their sheer size and number, never mind the presence of such on all continents. Plus, all the vast quantities of tools/clothing/cemeteries we'd be leaving behind - if even a tiny fractions are preserved/fossilize, it would take effort to not connect the dots. There's also circumstantial evidence, such as domestic animals leaving tell-tell traces in the fossil record. Never mind our mile-wide trash heaps, or, come to think of it, piles and piles of nuclear waste packed nice and tight underground in dozens of sites, worldwide. Heck, the Moon Lander and Neil Armstrong's foot prints might survive a few epochs themselves, given the lack of an atmosphere on the Moon (though micro-meteorites will eventually disturb them... but that lander's pretty sturdy). Actually, given the huge amount of geostationary garbage that we currently have in Earth's orbit, I wouldn't be surprised if a detectable amount of such would still be glaringly detectable for a few thousands, if not millions of years from now. So, no. We've definitely left our mark here. And for the same reasons we would have found signs of earlier advanced (post-industrial at the very least and likely bronze-age or later) civilizations already.

[@dan7242]

@@Aithis. ever heard of C14. The decay rate has been constant until we increased it at Trinity. This proves there was no nuclear power in the past. That is not to say that there was no leverage or hydrological based complex civilisation in the past. Only that there is no evidence. However an absence is not a proof. Best stick to been the God of your favourite empire building game

[@CassiusColeman]

Imagine how rich and old our culture is, evolving for thousands and thousands of years before recorded history. The amount of information on our ancestors we'll never know is simply unfair. Civilizations, cultures and histories remaining unknown for all time.... all that's left are pieces and gravel.

[@lindabarry7867]

They will never know about us either.

[@Spaceman_Spiff_74]

"...My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings; Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair! Nothing beside remains. Round the decay Of that colossal Wreck, boundless and bare The lone and level sands stretch far away" (Shelley).

[@MagikarpMan]

@@lindabarry7867 I beg to differ tbh. The internet has been able to record all human culture for the past 30 years. It's essentialy a giant archive of 21st century humanity. I could see future humans researching the the internet the same way we do archeology now

[@SuperGGLOL]

@@MagikarpMan 30 years is ok

[@patrykpalarczyk3979]

There were multiple civilisations before ours, that rose and fell over the millennia, just as there were multiple cataclysmic events, that divided different eras. Last one was atlantean, and we don't even remember that it really existed.

[@wildernesswordsmith]

Very well researched. Easy to listen to and very informative. A lot of work went into providing this, W.

[@Randominfogamingspecs]

One of the things I’m really interested about is pre-early history and it sucks because there’s so little known about it but this is a great video

[@justinwinter4908]

Thanks for the video. I am so fed up with KZbin suggesting all these conspiracy history videos; ancient aliens, hidden history, unbelievable ancient technology. And the videos have millions of views and worst part the viewers believe them to be facts. Saddens me, but I'm glad to have your videos

[@RH-ro3sg]

I must say I sometimes watch that kind of videos, just for entertainment, to see what bizarre ideas and 'connections' they've managed to conjure up this time. Thinking about the number of people that actually take that #@$%! seriously is less fun, though.

[@infoskrimp420]

hidden history doesn’t fit with the others! lol but i agree

[@Alexherrera183]

You don’t say

[@donnylee9897]

I hate watching those too man. You end up with more questions than answers, on those smh

[@scottydu81]

Some of those conspiracies are amusing to entertain as possibilities. I think Hollow Earth and Agartha are pretty cool. Even involved Nayzees in Antarctica!

[@NarlepoaxIII]

Other scientists: I don't know what purpose this thing serves. Archaeologists: *R I T U A L P U R P O S E S*

[@thedreamer702]

Archaeologists: Ritual Purposes Morons: *A L I E N S / A D V A N C E D A N C I E N T C I V I L I S A T I O N S*

[@Snagabott]

Ritual purposes just means "no obvious practical use", doesn't it? That's not zero information.

[@moofymoo]

@Jasta 2 you must do rituals to honor God of Shoes, otherwise you will step on Lego.

[@shotgun6X]

Humans: Sometimes we just make things because lol

[@Romanplaystation]

@Narlepoaxlll 😊 Francis Pryor on every episode of Time Team.

[@nerdelf3704]

Hands down one of the best documentaries ever made.

[@ompeezy]

Yes!!! This is exactly what I was looking for, a video explaining early civilization, thank you!!!

[@HistoryTime]

Histocrat - uploads. Me - yes.

[@joannaoconnor9418]

We just need one from you now 🙏🙏😉

[@carrot3957]

@@joannaoconnor9418 we need it now 😤

[@sathishpoojari6365]

Is it same voice China unsensered?🤔🤔🤔🤔

[@AbhinavSrivastava11]

Yes yes yes

[@user-hr2bi4oh5g]

Sublime statement.

[@TheHistocrat]

A pretty major correction at 1:02, I was supposed to say 300,000 years ago. This is what it said in my script, for some stupid reason I read out 30,000 and never noticed whilst making the video. Also two minor corrections: 1. Where I say '"Global temperatures were on average lower by 20 degrees C", a more accurate version is temperatures were lower by 20 degrees in some places, not on average. My sources got this right, I just misread it. 2. its El Wad cave not "El Wadi" as I said in the video. I didn't notice this until now despite hearing it back about 20 times.

[@LegendofLaw]

We appreciate your corrections but don't be so hard on yourself. Most youtubers don't do half the research and fact checking that you do.

[@clancywoods7728]

Thank you for posting this.

[@LegendofLaw]

@@dixztube actually, you're right. I agree with you.

[@freeroommalmo2792]

You're probably going to change most topics in the video in a few years now that the archeological instruments and methods are even better.

[@sodarkfilms101]

Nice, I was just about to check out when you said that and am glad to see the correction here. Will continue watching. Cheers!

[@march11stoneytony]

This channel is great for learning while falling asleep. The narration is so comprehensive and calming. I comprise many of these views.

[@user-vt7cy5nc9h]

👋 are you agreed of all that things which he told us or you disagree with some of this

[@Beegee1952]

This channel and the Fall of Civilizations channels are great those of us interested in anthropology. Thanks!

[@chrisdooley6468]

I find the period between 11,000BCE - 1,500BCE exceptionally fascinating. Your video really could take the place of an introductory course it’s that good.

[@biggusgeekus2561]

@@iannovak5223 -1499 is when the first Taco Bell appeared. Totally ruined everything. Anyway, I agree with @Chris Dooley.

[@EvilSapphireR]

You live in a FAR more fascinating, FAR more happening time.

[@frater_niram]

it's actually the really obscure part of our history, hence the interest it triggers but the story just doesnt make sense.. domesticating wolves ? killing entire species ? we were supposed to be less than 2millions over the entire planet... how did we do that? makes no sense im not saying i have the truth, im just pointing out the inconsistencies of this theory... btw.. anyone said pyramids ?

[@martijn9568]

@@EvilSapphireR I'm willing to disagree about that, since it probably really depends on your social hierarchical status. If you're in one of the lowest groups of modern society life may have been more interesting 10.000 years ago rather than now. I personally feel like that most humans would have been better off without civilisation for most of human history. It's only been these last 100 years that civilisation has improved the position of everyone in large areas on the globe.

[@KetsaKunta]

@@EvilSapphireR I'm romantic about the past, can't help it

[@gwanael34]

Now this is what youtube was meant for.

[@bananapeaches6370]

gwanael34 just what I was going to say. I’m so over the flerf community .... it’s all my algorithm knows now .... dam 🤦🏼‍♀️

[@jakemoeller7850]

gwanael34 • And cats!

[@brainwashingdetergent4128]

@@bananapeaches6370 just start clicking not interested on every one of the videos you see eventually they will disappear.

[@carlosmarte428]

gwanael34 I love this type of content, but your statement isn’t really true. This site was nothing but shitposts in 2006.

[@johnberney6563]

It was DEFINITELY made for shitposts and silly cat videos, but I'm superbly grateful histocrat's content is on here too haha.

[@sylvianorthling1223]

I love these documentaries and your narrations are great to listen to, while resting,housee work,hiking,etc

[@kamilla1960]

Thank you. Your videos are fascinating and beautifully produced.

[@johnplayer420]

My goodness, this is refreshing. Unlike the History channel, you actually talk about History. Thank you. Your videos are awesome.

[@peterj-s6421]

The history channel is poop, and not the kind that is useful is determining our great (x50,000) grandpeople's dietary habits.

[@davidmichels9454]

@@peterj-s6421 you failed history class huh?

[@davidmichels9454]

@@peterj-s6421 you failed history class huh?

[@peterj-s6421]

@@davidmichels9454 🗣️💨

[@TrySomeFentanyl]

The history channel on KZbin is actually very good, there isn’t a single good thing on cable tv so its not fair to call them trash because its the networks fault.

[@Kaytoun]

I wish time travel was real. It would be so interesting to go back in a time and see all these ancient prehistoric places when they were new and thriving with our ancestors.

[@ant-cb6hv]

It is real I'm from 2000Bc I'm just visiting

[@Enders.paradise888]

@@ant-cb6hv woahhh Sick!

[@williamjohnson1618]

I always want to say hi to you. You are such a beauty I pray to God to give you a lot of beautiful days and I hope God bless you to have a great day, I'm Williams by name from Arizona phonex and you where are you from...?

[@blindegg5182]

those time traveler prolly will die instantly of they encounter human at that time. They were build for hunt

[@AmericanStrongEveryday]

💪🏻😎

[@Incorruptus1]

Well done. Thank you for producing and uploading.

[@Rubicon_TV]

Gebekli Tepe is such a stark contrast to everything else shown in this video. Shockingly different, actually.

[@kalebgullan4157]

Yeah this video is explaining the mainstream idea, not the true history..

[@IblameBlame]

​@@kalebgullan4157 because nobody knows "the true history" from that time.

[@juliethornton7162]

@@IblameBlame Mainstream archaeologists seem to be struggling with the mounting evidence that impacts current theories. It's like they're wearing blinkers.

[@nickinskeep]

​@@kalebgullan4157 go away already

[@vectorfox4782]

@@nickinskeephe’s right. Prehistory wasn’t recorded well but a lot has transpired even during 30,000 BCE.

[@bobokin5815]

I love these videos, the thing that fascinates me the most is the fact that so many people lived before writing was invented, and we will never know the names of these people, we will never know their stories, they are a mystery that probably will never be unraveled to us. This part of our history is the most unknown to us and i love that about it. Thanks for the upload, histocrat

[@IblameBlame]

We will never know what languages they spoke or how they relate to any known about languages.

[@bobokin5815]

@@IblameBlame Exactly! I also love philology and thinking about how all these people had different languages that we will never know and we will never be able to speak them..

[@thomasstorey4480]

@Chimpin Out this is a weird narrative to drive since we have several examples of pre-modern cultures that allowed a non-binary gender system. Hate really is just a you thing, not some natural human instinct for you to pretend is justification.

[@cormac3367]

I love this era of history, simply fascinating.

[@0kedoke]

Cormac You and me both! Mankind harnessed Mother Earth, then the rest is History.

[@rangergxi]

Prehistory is a strange time to study.

[@ariesarielsful]

Yes!

[@eboranshard6220]

It is so fascinating indeed one wonders how life was at Ahlo 2 and what happened to it !

[@ParMonts8ParVaux]

Technically it isn't history, it's prehistory

[@majorkalashinikov1277]

This may sound wierd, but anyone else fantasizes about living on the time period talked about in the video? A feeling that modern society has become too complex, stressful and overcomplicated and you'd just wanna move into simpler times where all the things were still undiscovered.

[@maartenvandam344]

Yeah, but not for long. Constantly hungry, not knowing where next week's food was going to come from, women dying in childbirth all over, diseases that were mysteries, and any infection could lead to a slow, painful death. If you survived all that, you were likely to die from rotting teeth before you were 50. So, no thanks. You can keep it.

[@erickhouston2967]

I’m the opposite. I love looking at these kinds of videos in the comfort of my own home to makes me appreciate how good i have it.

[@OfficialDenzy]

Their teeth were healthy, They most of the time had no problem with gathering and finding food, only in the winter obviously. The rest is true ​@@maartenvandam344

[@mandelbro777]

Gobekli Tepe is indeed fascination. It's like a lens in time that focuses the most primitive of times into the birth of what we now call civilization. I wish information on Gobekli Tepe was easier to find and more plentiful, so I greatly appreciate your efforts making this wonderful video which will doubtless raise much needed attention to it.

[@piaten]

There's no shortage of info about Gobekli Tepe, more or less every known detail about it, is available online...

[@nayrtnartsipacify]

🎉

[@iLikeMyOwnPosts]

To any aspiring KZbin creators: see how this channel uses real sources and has done their own research? Be like this channel, not the ones that just do a few quick google searches and watch a few KZbin videos and then regurgitate what they found.

[@DixieSchizo]

Watch Voices of The Past on youtube. You would really have to go out of your way to find the info there

[@kingofdetroit358]

No...he missed adam, eve and all the prophets and kings.

[@Anthony-hu3rj]

@@kingofdetroit358 Who are they? Never heard of em.

[@WarbossFraka]

@@kingofdetroit358 Thats a yikes. Stop being a bad Christian please.

[@kingofdetroit358]

@@WarbossFraka I don't assosiate partners with god...before noahs flood the same thing happened just like this. People saying gods a myth n science made everything...this next catastrophic will be the next. Its already been 1500 years since the last prophet n noahs got destroyed 1600-2000 years after creation. So the wrath of God should happen within the next 10 generations after us or sooner.

[@kellydittus4772]

I wonder how long I'll lay in peace before they dig me up and try to figure out what I was eating.

[@dexter9919]

Eating hotdog and cereal and out dated milk

[@paulohagan3309]

Who knows? Maybe they'll have the technology to bring you back to life and ask you directly ...

[@Kingmelo47]

@@paulohagan3309 hey hey hey hey let’s don’t get carry away now you can’t bring a soul back to life unless you’re Jesus or god

[@paulohagan3309]

@@Kingmelo47 Some of you relgious types are pretty humorless, aren't you?

[@Kuhmuhnistische_Partei]

@@Kingmelo47 Jesus wasn't the only necromancer.

[@AlEndo01]

Wonderful series! Is "The" Histocrat a single person, or a group? Who voices the commentary? Is he the author of the material? Kudos to whoever he/they is/are!

[@scobra5941]

its a voicebot.

[@__-my3qz]

@@scobra5941 don’t think that’s true

[@scobra5941]

@@__-my3qz You have much to learn, my young Padawan.

[@robmooijaart5313]

Google is your friend, spoiler alert ; it's not a voice bot

[@scobra5941]

@@robmooijaart5313 No corporation is your 'friend'. They exist to take your money, most often by deceit.

[@casasdomundo]

Thank you so much for this work, this is amazing and answered many of my doubts!

[@danielt1337]

Wow man, I don't know why I've been missing your show but this is presented as well as any big documentary. The only difference is you don't get the budget to present on location. Great work!

[@somsoc_]

I think it's worth contacting Netflix, Amazon and the like and telling them how much we enjoy these documentaries, and suggesting that they work together to produce a series. It is honestly such good work that deserves a bigger platform and budget.

[@quillquickcard8824]

For anyone who like me is absolutely in love with stone age anthropology, I strongly recommend the Earth’s Children book series by Jean Auel, beginning with Clan of the Cave Bear. Though fiction, Auel paints the world of the Paleolithic with a vibrant brush bringing to life this ancient realm with a level of detail Tolkien himself would have found harrowing. You’ll learn about ancient technologies and methods while being immersed in cultures and live so rich that it can sometimes be hard to remember they are works of imagination. They are the very thing that sparked my fascination with stone age anthropology

[@phredphlintstone6455]

Very good series of books.

[@Hanagigi]

Bought the omnibus and started the first book, it is greatly interesting and beautifully written! Thanks for the recommendation.

[@richardbinkley8487]

I read that series quite a few years ago. A great series!

[@seafoambeachcomb]

I love Clan of the Cave Bear! Didn't know it was part of a series. Will look into it right now! Thank u! 😊

[@richardbinkley8487]

@@seafoambeachcomb it gets so much better after that book!

[@matthewakian2]

Great documentary regarding our origins. Thanks for posting.

[@island-life8548]

This is super thorough. Great job!!

[@reniecoffey]

Every time he says wild cereals my brain just pictures a field of cocoa puffs and I just can't even

[@path1024]

Wild spear wielding Cocoa Puffs... yet to be enslaved by the pale faced Cheerios and their thin milk.

[@actliketonymontana]

Yeah but cocoa is a plant too. And so are cereals. Or grains or whatever. So really when I imagine wild grains and those wild grains are Cocoa Puffs. I’m alright with it

[@Mabeylater293]

These facts are devastating to religions based on the Bible especially the Genesis account.

[@a.N.....]

@@Mabeylater293 big if true god invented fruity pebbles, no mortal could have unlocked the universe to make those.

[@stevelenores5637]

Essentially agriculture grew out of harvesting grasses that grew on plains as the snow receded from the last ice age. Makes me wonder if our fascination with preening our lawns is a subconscious return to those skills.

[@martinford4553]

The tower certainly could be defensive. Defensive towers are common inside settlements and walls too, a fallback point, to protect a powerful person, to protect supplies, or all three. An ancient keep as such. I know it's a more modern thing but if you can build a tower it's not a huge jump to see it can be used defensively from the inside of the wall.

[@redtsun67]

Other people with a time machine: I'm your granddaughter Me with a time machine: "put the hoe down and get back to hunting and gathering, I don't want to work in a a cubicle anymore."

[@Carl_Brutananadilewski]

There are communities right now you can go join and do just that. You just want to sound cool on the internet.

[@redtsun67]

@@Carl_Brutananadilewski it's just a joke man

[@Carl_Brutananadilewski]

@@redtsun67 haha jokes on me you’re only pretending to be regarded

[@redtsun67]

@@Carl_Brutananadilewski 😭😭😭

[@newday2447]

It’s amazing to think that these civilisations emerged at around the same time, due to agriculture, is it possible that these early civilisations were actually in contact with each other somehow , through travelling people??

[@jonathanorillo8721]

Look up the Silk Road.

[@Yellow_Slug]

@@jonathanorillo8721Silk road was waaaaaay later.

[@zebedeetotty]

I'm shocked that this channel still has under 100k subscribers, out of all of my nearly 300 subscriptions this channel has gotta be in the top 5 keep up the good work Histocrat

[@bigredwolf6]

Alexander Jenkins Do I even want to know what a WAP is?

[@bigredwolf6]

@Aleš Kirsch Thanks

[@bigredwolf6]

@Aleš Kirsch Ya got me.

[@KrisTheCodeManDude]

@Aleš Kirsch you’re a character.

[@MrMarko4]

Good content but the monotone voice sends me to sleep!

[@StefanMilo]

Can't wait to dig into this!

[@elliottbaker1998]

Stefan!!! If you’re here, I know I’m on the right track.

[@father2518]

Stefan Milo I watch your videos stefan

[@admiralsquatbar127]

With your spoon.

[@yes24__]

This is some BBC/History Channel professional content!!!! love it!!!

[@TheodoreDorado]

". . .vast bureaucracies" was such a sick line sooo professionally delivered. This also makes me want to quit my job and go back to school

[@garnerjoyce606]

Psychiatrists finished their book, outta NY, and might not want to be kicked out again

[@ShuffleYourLibrary]

The detail, the engagement, the writing. This is gold, make more

[@angrytedtalks]

Brilliant. Unbiased and detailed account of human civilisation citing science, geology, archaeology and physical evidence. Plenty I didn't know or wasn't certain about. Fabulous production.

[@angrytedtalks]

@ref eds Plenty of people make stuff up. People often deny truth.

[@admontblanc]

@ref eds oh you'd be surprised at the vast amounts of reasons people find to ignore evidence, or fabricate their own narratives.

[@MegaGman50]

​@ref edsIf he gives examples then it would become racial.

[@zeustutu1364]

What the science geology and archeology he's using is biased 🤔

[@angrytedtalks]

@@zeustutu1364 Do tell me what isn't biased in your "unbiased" opinion.

[@darrencalvin1034]

Thank you for posting this it was perfect

[@betelgezaa]

Very interesting. And the calming drum music.

[@tsopmocful1958]

An excellent documentary that pieces all these pivotal changes together in a very coherent way, along with a perfect visual presentation.

[@TheLacedaemonian300]

I didn't want this to end! Fantastic work. It's as if you custom made this video for me! Can't wait for the next part!!!

[@dotech4128]

You have a great documentary voice. Very relaxing

[@TakeTheRedPill_Now]

Mind expanding information. Thanks!

[@thelast344]

The way this year is going I figured I need a refresher course on how to restart civilization.

[@proculusjulius7035]

You and me both friend, you and me both.

[@shawncoleman8530]

That's why we are all here... gotta figure out how they did it... then again, it's going to be harder with all the nuclear reactors, bombs, chemical residues, and contaminated soil... but we'll figure it out and when life expectancy shoots past 25yrs in the year 21688, humans will do it all again

[@havetacitblue]

That’s precisely why I’m researching the 24Kya and 12Kya periods - for hints on how best to encourage the next round of civilization.

[@bigbrotheriswatching2680]

if you nerds want to help continue civilization, become self sufficient, independent, reliant on yourself. think about why cities are left wing... they're dependent on farmers hundreds of miles away. collectivism is what you're against if you're for civilization.

[@soundbwoikilla764]

Its interesting how little we really know about the dawn of early human civilization. I mean this video goes from 20,000 bc to 3,000 bc in a matter of seconds.

[@888jackflash]

Like rural living... there probably wasn't much of anything exciting to report. People hunted..Gathered.. lived & died, with little fanfare or change.

[@somsoc_]

@@888jackflash It's all relative though, isn't it? I'm sure they had plenty of exciting things within their own sphere of existence (just maybe spread out over longer timeframes relative to us now).

[@christinafidance340]

Just like the start of evolutionary history, most natural processes start out very, very slowly and then gradually build momentum over time. There were way less people on the planet back then and like another commenter said, things moved much more slowly. If you look back at the beginning of life on earth, it took literally BILLIONS OF YEARS just for life to evolve past single cellular organisms. However, in more recent evolutionary history (within the past 100 million years, say) we have had multiple mass extinctions, dinosaurs came and went, the first humans appeared, and all sorts of MAJOR major stuff happened!

[@ssssSTopmotion]

We only know 3% of human history

[@SAGE0FTHEEAST]

It's not that it's unknown it's just not talked about because it doesn't fit the narrative.

[@singledijjiti.q.2294]

You can farm all the wild cereals you want if they dont have Lucky Charms I'm not staying

[@tobyward9784]

Well done and rhank you for such an informative documentary.

[@rickmorrow993]

This is well thought out and presented. The gradual transition to agriculture over a long period of time was propitious and prepared our ancestors for the changes in climate that came shortly thereafter. Well done!

[@Campbellteaching]

Excellent presentation

[@kishorram9112]

What about nelish nilkanth oke......????

[@stopitnow7762]

Except its quite white.

[@Kachowchan310]

@@stopitnow7762 bruh

[@casteretpollux]

Very white considering the white skin mutation only kicked in about 4, 5000 years ago ?

[@seanleith5312]

It's sad to see stupid people, ugly people reproduce more. What does this leads to? Where is Darwin?

[@johnhancock2914]

What incredible documentary.

[@eliotsalandybrown]

Thank you for this insightful video 🙏

[@ThatLadyBird]

Youve done it again, histocrat. Fantasic video. Cant wait for the next chapter.

[@realvilejelly]

Thank you for your efforts in producing this channel. What a great treat to see this new episode after a tough day.

[@fookdatchit]

What a lovely voice, I understood every word. Thank you.

[@evelyn367]

superb thank you I, felt your spirit in the telling as you probably felt their spirit in the research great stuff

[@scamperooniespanker8736]

This is one of the most entertaining and enlightening anthro documentaries i've ever seen -- better than big budget stuff airing on big tv networks sharing this with everyone I know

[@radstar2185]

I absolutely love this. I can only imagine the different cultures that lived all over the globe not just the ones we have found. After all if the water level was so much lower it stands to reason that alot of villages and towns would be underwater now. Thanks for posting this.

[@scottydu81]

Like Doggerland!

[@Barcodez5555]

interesting.. did people have names before they used symbols?

[@freedomisthechoicesyoumake8594]

@@Barcodez5555 yes, they did, but the Europeans ruined that.

[@kora4185]

I always assumed most of human history is forever lost duo to the evidence being all underwater/underground, and even that perhaps the oldest civilizations we know about maybe were just outcasts that ran for the (at the time) hills and lived in limited conditions for the time

[@KasumiRINA]

​@@kora4185Eh, it's not that hard to check. There's a Greek (2k not 10k years ago) ruins dig site outside my house in Odesa, but further away, where now's seaport that russians bomb weekly, was a settlement before the sea level raised even further.

[@yodangurung6825]

Watching this as i mow the lawn. Feeling so connected to my ancestors

[@ccchezer]

you know its a good video when you get assigned to watch it by a professor and when you click link you already watched 40 minutes

[@sjambler]

Great video. Thanks. A mini-course in archaeology in less than an hour. Looking forward to the next episode.

[@lordspongebobofhousesquare1616]

Thanks for making this video, I've always find our progress as a civilization inspiring

[@voidpriestess42]

Rlly proud of myself for calling that youd be talking about gobekli tepe when you mentioned turkey Thanks Milo Rossi!

[@CzarrIV]

Isn’t it amazing how myself and you, the one whose reading this, are currently living in a time frame where EVERYTHING and ANYTHING is available.

[@austinhoover4962]

I have been doing research for my fantasy book set in a bronze-age technological setting, when I first stumbled across your channel. This is amazing and you should keep up the good work, I love the focus placed on ancient stone, copper, bronze and iron age people.

[@mpfilgueiras]

yes, for fantasy books this channel is good, for facts not so much

[@TheGemar14]

@@mpfilgueiras And what are your facts? Oh that's right, you have none

[@tylerlindley9506]

Hey when you finish your book or have some part of it published, it would be cool for us to read it! I wish you the best of luck!

[@failedfishermanBC]

Hi, how's the book coming along? Would be nice to read it once finished.

[@eboranshard6220]

The brain goes wild with thought and imagination to how life must have been in these truly ancient lands !

[@MichaelJohnson-fe8tm]

Constant struggle for survival.

[@JUANCARPENTERO]

Not true

[@TheGemar14]

@@JUANCARPENTERO What isn't true?

[@taekooktrash9607]

@@TheGemar14 he's just a troll

[@CzarrIV]

I love how past astrologists were able to come up with theories about space that still hold up to this day!

[@nathanielgardner8208]

Yeah but they also came up with some stuff that was entirely wrong

[@JH-ej2yt]

@@nathanielgardner8208 and?

[@tuckergary1516]

very interesting and well-researched thanks.

[@sicksideworldwide1599]

I love chilling out to these so relaxing and informative its a definite win win keep up the good work 💪

[@MrSridharMurthy]

I enjoyed tbe background picture presentation and videography during the historic narration. It was captivating ! Thank you !

[@Ruby-ep8oc]

Thanks this is very well narrated and interesting

[@sandrinevanzeist]

Thanks for the reportage

[@jamesewanchook2276]

best cure for a hangover is your artful delivery of all that and more! thanks from Vancouver B.C.!

[@AlegraGreen]

Well, I've discovered a new channel to listen to while studying! Thanks, it actually really helps me focusing (+ I'm kind of learning something new too!)

[@paurushbhatnagar8100]

Excellent information, what I get from it that glacial maximum had caused early human to look for domestication of plants & start agriculture in it's infancy.

[@kartoffsun]

I love your speech, your way of putting things. You've done your research exceptionally well. I think this is a very high-quality documentary, and I love it. Good job!

[@Trig188]

One of the best historical documentaries I ever seen. Bravo!

[@Embracehistoria]

I love the images being used.

[@ac-fw4vr]

Been wondering why they all look European. Pretty sure prehistoric man probably looked a bit different...

[@kallyb1998]

@@ac-fw4vr they're not all European, those are just the ones you apparently notice or are familiar to your eyes..

[@NjieSeedy]

I am confused my eyes must be deceiving me - the hue of these people are all pink or white - are you kidding everyone with your profile- who are your Patrons??

[@kallyb1998]

@@NjieSeedy what

[@NjieSeedy]

1 Out Of 7.7 Billion your eyes see - so please explain what you believe or what you see that I’m missing - I am of European heritage in case your wondering- having traced my history record to 1600s I know my ancestors. Kentish Cow hearers/Farmers

[@redclayagain]

I believe Gobekle Tepe represents an excarnation cemetery, wherein the heads of ancestors were taken and plastered over for display in people's houses...The hole in the short pillar held the head of the deceased while the rest of the corpse was vaulted above on the dual t shaped pillars...only two because there was no roof on this building. Most of these elements appear together at Catal Huyuck some few thousand years later. Some of the tepe enclosures have milling holes reminiscent of grain processing, especially for Beer brewing...it's obvious these ceremonies included beer drinking and I agree with Braidwood, the need for beer may have been the thing which led to the onset of Agriculture.

[@reeseni7620]

Thank you for this.

[@manosassassin]

Yes! A very interesting topic! Your voice is amazing for these kinds of videos, thank you for your work!

[@jeremyleven1733]

The artwork in your docs are amazing. Overall just a really well made piece your team has made. Bravo.

[@thefisherking78]

Such fascinating hints 😁

[@brixcosmo6849]

Nice Doc! Thanks! Best Regards from Portugal ❤🇵🇹

[@engiespy]

These videos are honestly amazing and I hope you continue

[@Callisto_Arcas]

Wow. Another great video. Well worth the wait, and imo worth the hard work you put in. I especially loved the new art & images you've been able to add. A vast improvement in the overall impact of the subject. I continue to find it fascinating how much rituals, spirituality and mythology can impact society. Makes me even think of Terence McKenna's theory. (Tho I'm still not completely convinced of that). I'm looking forward to the next 2 parts of this series. Great, great video!

[@l4zrh4wk]

I wonder sometimes if we made a mistake turning away from our hunter gatherer roots

[@santimayaghalley5262]

Thanks for this vidio Because it can help us to understand the history 🎉

[@egoborder3203]

this is truly masterful, thanks for making it and sharing!

[@barbarawright5306]

Very much looking forward to the other episodes. Thoughtful, well-researched and engaging. Thank you!

[@williamjohnson1618]

I always want to say hi to you. You are such a beauty I pray to God to give you a lot of beautiful days and I hope God bless you to have a great day, I'm Williams by name from Arizona phonex and you where are you from...?

[@chrischase90]

amazing job thank you so much