The Cambrian Explosion and the evolutionary origin of animals with Professor Paul Smith

[@nemodot]

KZbin randomly suggested me this video, maybe after watching so many Eons episodes. I'm very grateful. This was very interesting. I now want to explore the arctic in search of fossils.

[@matthewdrum2961]

PBS Eons is amazing as well. that's how i got here

[@OGbluetooth_]

Eons is my favorite channel by far

[@wirehead1000]

checkout Palaeocast for interviews with Simon Morris and Jakob Vinther. Great podcast with real information and a human face.

[@turgidbanana]

Then go do it.

[@asharnygee]

@@turgidbanana Its gonna be hard to find fossils in ice...

[@KipIngram]

I can see how some folks might find this massively boring, but I find it massively fascinating. I love it that there are people who thrive on gaining this knowledge from the Earth and bringing it forth to the rest of the world, even when it involves hardship and deprivation. Thanks to all of you, Dr. Smith - this looks like wonderful work!

[@paulgarduno3127]

It must be boring.! Starting with the title; " The evolutionary origin of animals ", presume that they already know how evolution originated life. That is a lie.

[@perujones2]

@@paulgarduno3127 Evolution didn’t originate life. You’re thinking about Abiogenesis. Also, there is a large difference between assumption and inference.

[@travisbicklepopsicle]

@@paulgarduno3127 there are plenty of free sources online if you are interested in learning about anything science related

[@trespire]

The prolific diverse expressions of life are fascinating. Thank you for sharing this lecture.

[@Strandjutter]

A very interesting lecture! Thank you!

[@alansdorsetfossils4028]

What a great informative incite to this fascinating period. Paul if I may say as an amateur fossil collector who finds some of the jargon a bit baffling it's greatly appreciated that you take the time and use the vocabulary that most of us interested enthusiasts understand. It allows us into this fascinating paleo world that is often denied us due to our less comprehensive education.You will be aware the academic community who pursue field work like your good self are relatively a small sample measured against the equally enthusiastic amateurs. So whilst this particular exposure is out of reach for all but a few academics, your brilliant video allows us a glimpse into a very rare and fascinating lager statten. Thank you again for this excellent video that has no doubt taken a lot of time and effort to produce.

[@pencilfriendpaperscribbler6032]

Heavens! If there was ever a textbook case for the value of an audio compressor, this is it.

[@enormousderek]

Oh bore off.

[@wishusknight3009]

there is one built into windows that can be enabled.

[@chris_iapetus]

Absolutely brilliant. One of the best lectures on the evolution of animals available anywhere.

[@dawnadams4067]

I'm a creationism. God created the heavens and earth.

[@chris_iapetus]

@@dawnadams4067 That's fine, there are other channels you will enjoy. Have a great night !

[@travisbicklepopsicle]

@@dawnadams4067 a god may have created everything, but evolution is how life on earth works.

[@Left_hand_clapping]

@@dawnadams4067who created God? You can’t be suggesting that God came from nothing?

[@anitapeura3517]

What an interesting lecture, and articulate teacher! Thank you, a great way to spend time during this pandemic, wouldn't have come across it otherwise. Learnt much about early biology, wouldn't have thought a hypoxic environment would lead to an evolutionary explosion, but that really shows our bias from the human perspective. And we think we scientists are without bias! Always present, and any new research that shows it up is worthwhile, quite apart from the other revelations about our early history. Great lecture, thanks again!

[@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264]

He’s lying, there’s no evidence for evolution.

[@andyabdullah3324]

@@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 okkm

[@andyabdullah3324]

Oo

[@andyabdullah3324]

O

[@andyabdullah3324]

Mo

[@MercuryIsHg]

Great talk. Particularly liked the description of how you get to site and how you had to create the airstrip etc. Not to take anything away from the fossils but just a real insight into what it takes to find them is so unusual. Thank you once again.

[@ResurrectingJiriki]

the fossils or the lack thereof?

[@trybunt]

@@ResurrectingJiriki how many fossils would you think is a worthy amount? 100? 1,000? I don't know if you actually care, but this one location (Sirius Passet) has been the discovery site of about 10,000 fossils. Ten Thousand. Regardless of your beliefs, 10,000 of anything is hardly accurately described as a "lack thereof" right?

[@leodenverrex3819]

Like a real-life Roy Chapman Andrews! = -D

[@imetr8r]

It is interesting and consoling how science corrects and improves itself over time. Viva Science!

[@nadarith1044]

The correct expression is HAIL SCIENCE!!1!

[@mickdodge9778]

I am so glad that i found this video. Thank you so much for your teaching.

[@FloozieOne]

I have been studying this stuff for a long time and have always wanted a fossil of my own. One week ago I saw a deal I could afford and bought myself a megalodon tooth. I want to hold it in my hand and feel the immense amount of time contained within it. I'm going to name it "My Cousin 1 Million Times Removed". Some day I'll get a trilobite too. They fascinate me with their eyes that have 1,000 facets and their cute but very efficient swim paddles.

[@spatrk6634]

depending on where you live, you can look up where to find megalodon tooth or trilobite they are pretty common to find in certain areas you are maybe lucky and live close

[@matta443]

Megalodon tooth £300 imagine how much this grifter makes preaching evolution with chordates in the cambrian 😆

[@ozowen5961]

@@matta443 Imagine how much idiots fail to make because they fail to understand the presence of chordates in the Cambrian means nothing. Because idiots think that somehow means birds and reptiles and mammals. They all came later.

[@psycronizer]

@@matta443 back to school you go..try engaging your brain this time round...

[@rustycherkas8229]

Careful with those "cousin" thoughts... I drove across Australia to 'drop in' on my stromatolite 'cousins' soaking in Shark Bay... No reaction from any of them when I rocked-up; not even the offer of a cup of tea or a cold beer... "Family" is a problem... Always has been... And, look! Here comes Christmas!!! Gawd, not again!!!

[@geoffreyraleigh1674]

Excellent lecture! I was supposed to be working. Nerdrebel!

[@colliecoform4854]

This was just recommended to me on 12/30/21. It was a fascinating lecture. I am just an interested individual who reads and watches all sorts of paleontology, anthropology, archeology and the like. KZbin has recommended many clips, some legitimate, some pretty far out there. I wish they had recommended this sooner. This was a fascinating look at precambrian which I had never seen before.

[@eyeree]

This was quite possibly the most fascinating lecture, on this subject, I've ever heard

[@matta443]

😆😆😆 The lecture admits chordates are in the cambrian. Did you catch that? (auto disproving evolution)

[@standardranchstash221]

Of course, Matthew. All the answers are to be found in the desert dogmas. I can see clearly now!

[@dancingnature]

What makes you think that chordates weren’t in the Cambrian or Precambrian. Our lineage is very old . All Bilaterians are essentially worms with bumps if they have limbs . One main lineage developed an internal support by developing a notochord (chordates) . Another main lineage developed an exoskeleton (arthropods). There are other ways of developing a support structure in a bilaterian like the hydrostatic skeleton of a starfish . That’s not evidence against evolution which is about how life diversifies

[@matta443]

Please show us your transitional form of your worm. Otherwise, go preach your grifty religion to fools like Paul Smith.

[@ozowen5961]

@@matta443 Your assertions about chordates are drivel. No one was trying to hide chordate presence, despite your deceitful insinuations. Typical creationist bunkum combined with manufactured lies and confected outrage.

[@rolandwatts3218]

Great talk. We can never get enough of this kind of thing.

[@JMDinOKC]

I agree. We need a bigger bat to whack creationists with.

[@matta443]

Did you not hear the grifter admit chordates are in the Cambrian? 😆😆😆

[@fredwitherow420]

@@JMDinOKC 2w

[@ozowen5961]

@@matta443 "admit" chordites are in the Cambrian? So what? Did you hear how the scammers pretend that means reptiles, birds and mammals? They lied.

[@eclepticearth]

@@matta443 There is no such thing as “chordates”! They have been reclassified by irrefutable DNA evidence as Paleopresbyterians. Somewhat related to Spineless Sectarians, but with less harrumph behind the gills.

[@TomBeakbaneToronto]

Thank you Professor Paul Smith. Diligent research.

[@davidwatson2399]

Thank you for an excellent discussion.😎👍 please keep up the good work. I am saddened by the number of religious trolls in the comments section, their wilful ignorance is stunning in 2022.

[@MelliaBoomBot]

My list of things to watch later on KZbin is ever growing...my goodness there is some good stuff on here.

[@skateboardist1686]

Everybody here needs to thank this guy for going out there and getting this information whether you believe in God or not I don’t care thank this man thank him many times

[@jfparhamutube]

This was truly interesting and well-delivered. Fantastic.

[@mr.squeaky8394]

Cambrian Explosion explained for the layman: Prior to this period there were very few, simple charts, and then there was a great variety of complex charts.

[@sstolarik]

Hilarious!

[@garymalcomb2882]

The arrival of indigenous Martian peoples. Including, many of the creatures that once arose on Mars. 🎓 🚬😎 ☕

[@alanbrown6633]

Dinosaurs lived w people until the flood around 4000 yrs ago. Creation was about 2000 yrs before that! Everything made worthiness 7days. Things aren’t millions of yrs old dinosaurs ect. That’s a lie

[@garymalcomb2882]

About 12800yrs ago the Earth was bombarded by ice asteroids and dirty snowball meteors. That was the cause of the flood. It was what also caused the Youngsters Dryass epoch. As ice hit the atmosphere. It evaporated. Forming a heavy dense cloud coverage. Deluging rains that lasted for many weeks. It also, blocked out the sunlight for many months. From, warming the Earth's surface. 🌌 🌠 🌩🌩🌨🌨 ☔ 🎓 🚬😎 ☕

[@robbie_]

Haha.

[@mrwideboy]

I love lectures like this..

[@wirehead1000]

Simon and Jakob have some great recollections and observations of this site and these expeditions. Always marvelous to get fresh eyes on the same rock! Superb talk on an unfolding chapter on the Cambrian.

[@la_belle_heaulmiere]

I fell asleep watching an interesting lecture on ice age timelines, woke up to an even more interesting lecture on the Cambrian explosion.

[@YogiMcCaw]

Wow! What you guy s did in the late 80s was simply amazing! Hats off!

[@matta443]

My favorite is how they ignore coalification experiments so Paul's grifting can continue.

[@ozowen5961]

@@matta443 Did you hear how creationists lied about all sorts of stuff? Frikkin liars.

[@bonysminiatures3123]

@@matta443 spammer

[@69eddieD]

@@matta443 Liar for Jesus

[@drewdam8871]

I thrououghly enjoyed the talk, thank you.

[@mikesnyder1788]

So looking forward to watching this video! I first came across the Cambrian Explosion in Stephen Jay Gould's "Wonderful Life." A short while later I finally made it to the Smithsonian Museum where I was able to see actual fossilized remains of some of these interesting creatures! Despite the fact that my college degrees are in English Literature and Modern History, I now spend a fair amount of time reading and viewing videos about these vast and ancient times! Love this stuff!

[@Strandjutter]

Similar story for me. It doesn't matter what your background is in my opinion. Its the love for natural history/palaeontogy. It never left me after "Wonderful Life".

[@Strandjutter]

*after reading Wonderful Life.

[@mikesnyder1788]

@@Strandjutter Yes, "Wonderful Life" is such an excellent book! Would love to visit the Burgess Shale!!!

[@Strandjutter]

@@mikesnyder1788 Me too!! Still a dream but hopefully one of these days a reality.

[@raphaelklaussen1951]

I hope you guys are now immunized against religion. If you live in the US, that counts as your most important life accomplishment.

[@fesimco4339]

How is this free? We live in beautiful times!

[@stevengill1736]

Yes! When I grew up in the 60s you had to practically live in university libraries to glean this kind of information.

[@ardd.c.8113]

A simple question. In order for studies to get funding they have to be represented on social media to draw attention to them. On social media you pay by giving information of yourself, through collecting personal data, which can be sold to institutions and companies who need to stay ahead of competition. This creates a feedback loop in which universities create free content to aggrevate usefull data which can be used for a myriad of things including student advertisements and business interests like private funding. It's a bit of a blackbox how this works especially since the data collectors don't have to be transparant about their technologies. Personally I see my data as currency because my interests will reflect on what I will be able to see on youtube. If I would watch only entertainment on this platform I would brand myself a low grade consumer and youtube would notice that by feeding me more of the same entertaining/no brainer stuff. I dont do that because I know my data is currency, it is worth something like an investment in my intelligence when I purposely look for scientific stuff, youtubr recognizes that thats the stuff you want to spend money and starts to feed me more of the same stuff. Surveillance Capitalism 101

[@fesimco4339]

@@ardd.c.8113 Apart from 'YT is collecting data' I haven't a clue what you're saying. Low grade consumer? Your data is an investment?

[@aureaphilos]

I've been fascinated with the Ediacaran and earliest Cambrian biota since before the Ediacaran was split from the Proterozoic. I was must interested in the latest conclusions on the evolution of biomineralization, which made the "Cambrian Explosion" visible.

[@GaryWinkler]

Yes on both parts..... I remember hearing about the Ediacarian fossils back in the late 80's while working in the geo lab at a jr. college. It was shortly after they discovered them and were trying to understand the actual effects of this discovery. Looking back now, I started to think about how many great discoveries and events happened in my life that most people today view as history, Such as the discoveries in electronics or the invention of aircraft! I remember watching Armstrong taking the first steps on the moon while laying on the floor watching it on an old CRT TV while my mother was telling me to move back away from the set before it baked my eyes and brain!

[@alexevans7916]

Thank you for a wonderful video.

[@DogWalkerBill]

This lecture added to my understanding. I've come across the idea that many trilobites lived in anoxic conditions but never saw a theory why. Probably in, "Trilobite: Eyewitness to Evolution" by Richard Fortey (2001) I own a copy. Also explained a question I had about how thick the sediments were and why.

[@maxdoubt5219]

TY Prof. Smith and YTube! Free education. Perspicuously delivered.

[@catgoyda4249]

Fascinating thank you for sharing 👍🙋🏻‍♀️

[@johnryan2193]

Thank you for your wonderful talk on the early earth !

[@ohyeayea6692]

Ejoyed this talk, thank you for making video available. 【・_・?】

[@lindagates9150]

Thank you for your presentation it took me two days to find the time to watch ,once my work load eases I hope to find more of your work to binge watch! As a new subscriber I look forward to seeing the past, present and the future programmes 🥳🤷🏼‍♀️👍👍👍👍👍👍🤔🖖🖖🖖🖖🖖🖖💐🙋🏼‍♀️

[@DisruptiveHarmony]

This is what I want KZbin to keep recommending to me.

[@bjdouma]

+10 for using a Tom & Jerry analogy.

[@YogiMcCaw]

The video changed my understanding because the Cambrian explosion is always presented to the public as being caused by an explosion of oxygen due to photosynthesis, and the common illustrations show the exact same lifeforms your illustrations shows as being in a shallow, brightly lit inland sea, and not out a ways towards the edge of the continental shelf in low-oxygen waters, as you show in your research.

[@matta443]

Very refreshing to hear someone heard he mentioned the Cambrian. Well done, sir.

[@jimbojet8728]

I have learned from this and one or two other vids over the past couple of days that there was no ‘missing link’ in the evolution of hominids. There was a long slow and smooth transmission from early hominids leading right up to us. Having an idea that life began in the primordial soup is borne out here but this lecture fully explores the origins of life and how it progresses evolving into it’s various niches. How calcium’s were taken up by early animals both for protection and predation was fascinating amongst so many fascinating facts, if only because I easily understood it. A very entertaining, enjoyable and insightful vid. I have enjoyed it.Thank you.

[@katrinakollmann5265]

Thank you so much. This was so, so interesting and informative.

[@Xaiff]

Free lecture. Nice 👍

[@yp77738yp77739]

This was interesting, thank you and I understand the theory and am a molecular biologist, however I sometimes wonder if we have the evolutionary mechanism of forming new species somewhat wrong. Perhaps falling into the trap that correlation is causation. I don’t have any better suggestions, however, this solution doesn’t fit comfortably for me, I have a similar concern with first life explanations and topically, anthropomorphic climate change.

[@fairwind8676]

thanks for the talk!

[@igorvkuznetsov3518]

Beautiful Lecture!!! Thank you very much! Watching your channel from Fairfield Connecticut O6825 USA 🇺🇸 I was part of Geological Research back in SOVIET UNION at Novaya Zemlya six Summers from 1984 till 1989, kind of similar terrains what have showed here.

[@matta443]

can you explain how Chordates are in the Cambrian strata?

[@gregoryyoung502]

Please sir I know about stromatiles. But what happend between them and coral.I grew up with "the Graval pit" in Grandville Mich right across from the digging.as kids we would pick up fossils as such normal things we used them in our game of marbles.they where individual corals.most had some kind of Crystal for the inner parts.I'm now an old and I've learned a bit.but I still have and I wonder how where the crystals formed.

[@AntoekneeDE]

Incredible talk, thank you so much for sharing

[@1joshjosh1]

I'm way too stupid to listen to this whole thing but this is awesome, Thank you for putting it up on KZbin

[@Notalloldpeople]

Wonderful. Not changed but has informed my opinions about evolution of life. Very interested to learn about the downgrading of the increased oxygen hypothesis with the sea level rise flooding the continental shelf alternative.

[@kategordeeva9428]

Thank you! That was very interesting!

[@yolandacroes5491]

Many thanks for an informative, easy to follow lecture for a non-expert like myself. What an interesting job these guys have, I’m jealous.

[@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264]

Interesting job? Their job is based on lies (evolution).

[@matta443]

winner 🏆

[@fortuitousthings8606]

please can i thank you and particularly Paul for building airstrips that have allowed lazy science fans like me to benefit from all your hard work

[@nicholasperry2380]

That is the fastest 86 minutes in a very long time. Absolutely fascinating and if Professor Smith had taught at school I'd have been a geologist. Beautiful presentation and narration too from the most highly qualified construction worker in the world! If you're still taking questions - How did this explosion of life in a low oxygen environment end up with an oxygen rich world? Particularly how far back could a modern human go back and still be able to live? Thank You for this series I'm off to mark the others.

[@Peter_Scheen]

Oxygen is a poison. It oxidizes a lot. Iron was abundant in precambrium oceans as free iron, it was dissolved in the water. When the first foto synthesis evolved oxygen was (stil is for plants) a byproduct that was expelled from the cell because it would damage the cell. At first, millions of years, it oxidized the free iron and that precipitated to the sea floor (now mined in Australia) and formed thick layers. At a certain point there was no more iron and the levels rose. Probably the first extinction event happened for most organisms could not handle this. The few that could evolved further. Ediacaran and Cambrium show the result. I must say that this is an oversimplication, there is far more factors involved. I do not know how far back we could go but a rough estimate would be some four hundred million years.

[@srmessimer]

This has significantly added to my knowledge of the origins of animals. The pieces of the puzzle of animal diversification are now known. There may be others as yet unidentifiable but the processes described here give me a clear picture of how the Cambrian explosion proceeded and to a degree how various body plans came to be. I have watch this a few more times as there is a deep concentration of information here that will require more study. I could not find links to other lectures in this series.

[@stevetennispro]

Have you read anything about symbiogenesis? Check out Lynne Margulis and her son Dorian Sagan's books on symbiotic mergers as the cause of a lot of evolutionary creativity. I've got a bunch of them out from the library at the moment.

[@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264]

@@stevetennispro evolutionary creativity? More like evolutionary imagination with no evidence.

[@TheWuschi]

What a wonderful lesson! I particularly admire and adore the bravery and the strength of the expedition team; the report was so exciting! I am happy, that KZbin recommended this feature to me (bravo in this special case for the algorithm!) and immediately subscribed to your precious channel! Greetings from Vienna, Austria!

[@melekhine]

Why does an interesting science lecture randomly turn into a painstakingly detailed pic-sharing sesh from a 30 year old vacation to a hellish wasteland? Loved the lecture 😂

[@virgilmccabe2828]

I agree, get to the point

[@ParameterGrenze]

It is perfekt, I love learning about how some science is actually done and lived. I can’t look this up on Wikipedia.

[@2horses4U]

Enjoyed this so much!!!

[@DanaMariedotorg]

Thank you for sharing.

[@QuaaludeCharlie]

No structures other than tents . Wow , Thank You guy's Paul all of you for expanding our Knowledge :) QC

[@Quebolas]

Thank you for the lecture. Makes me miss college :)

[@paul6925]

I keep getting distracted by the name drops of Phil Donahue and John Peel 😂 Peel is a an electronic music hero of mine.

[@ericmishima]

Sci-fi writer for me 😉

[@claudiogiovanetti6635]

Very, VERY INTERESTING lecture.

[@chrisjordan7739]

I really enjoyed this lecture. It was the right level of complexity to be consumable but informative and entertaining...slides were brilliant...well done and thankyou!

[@bobwrathall8484]

This was so interesting. Thanks for making the trek. I am absolutely astonished at the recreation of the ediacaran landscape and geology. Also, the idea that life developed in a low oxygen niche is rather mind-blowing. As Prof. Smith says, we are accustomed to thinking that oxygen is benign, even beneficial. On a purely mechanical level: what software did you use to make this presentation? I need something just like this.

[@alaskajdw]

How can this channel have less than 5k subscribers? Great content!!

[@norbertjendruschj9121]

@@clifforddaniels1317 As somebody from the bottom of the argumentative food chain you should take a page from Darwin´s book. Hide or run but don´t walk where lions roar.

[@norbertjendruschj9121]

@@clifforddaniels1317 FI³S?

[@norbertjendruschj9121]

@@clifforddaniels1317 To answer at your language level: Lady Gaga has more viewers because she has tits. And have you noticed that your tax money pays the "dullards"? The thought gives me great satisfaction, even schadenfreude.

[@pavel9652]

@@norbertjendruschj9121 I don't often wrestle with dust mites, but when I do I make sure to have a dust mite bite spray at hand ;)

[@norbertjendruschj9121]

@@pavel9652 Good advice, Pavel!

[@WildBillCox13]

Liked and shared.

[@sivavarma1502]

Went to oxford museum only last week even though i live here in Oxford. It is too damn good

[@postapocalypticwarlord4647]

Amazing!!!

[@StarWarsJay]

I’m a complete layman, so please pardon my ignorance. Why were there so many bizarre body templates during the Cambrian explosion that we no longer see today? Was evolution experimenting with new body shapes?

[@williamchamberlain2263]

Could be intensity of competition - now there's efficient animals in most niches so anything new has to be at least as efficient as that. There's still a lot of weird body templates in the deep sea where interactions are a bit less frequent

[@StarWarsJay]

@@williamchamberlain2263 great answer.

[@Popebug]

I think of it as nature throwing a bunch of weird things at the wall to see what sticks.

[@rafaelernestorosabal8734]

Amazing progress in this field of science! First became interested since reading BSCS in the seventies!

[@maxsmith695]

The progress is the story telling, not science.

[@wishusknight3009]

@@maxsmith695 Says the guy that worships a book of stories.

[@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264]

@@wishusknight3009 at least that “ book of stories “ is backed up by evidence, unlike evolution

[@andreaswimmer6864]

" Darwin's doubt " and " Signature in the cell " explore interesting aspects centered around the Cambrian explosion

[@rickmartin7596]

All those books offer is "god of the gaps" nonsense. If you don't know how something works, you don't get to jump to your favorite conclusion. Evidence is required.

[@rl7012]

@@rickmartin7596 Have you read them? No you have not. You are just making arrogant and narrow minded assumptions. And yes evidence is required for theories, so where are all the fossils that gradually evolved into the complex life forms of the Cambrian explosion? Where is the evidence for macro evolution?

[@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264]

@@rl7012 there isn’t any evidence for evolution.

[@rickmartin7596]

@@rl7012 QUOTE: "so where are all the fossils that gradually evolved into the complex life forms of the Cambrian explosion?" Ediacaran fossils. Look them up.

[@rl7012]

@@rickmartin7596 You are wrong that is just wishful thinking with no real evidence for it. The vast majority of fossil evidence of complex life was during the Cambrian explosion. Hence the word EXPLOSION. . Please refer to my other reply just posted to you with more detailed info backing up what I say. You have backed up nothing of your fairy tale of macro evolution. Incidentally I do not deny all evolution as of course it exists or farmers wouldn't be able to breed animals and crops etc to get the strongest/best ones. We can see micro evolution from one generation to the next.. But I do dispute macro evolution and that we all came from one common ancestor. That theory is pie in the sky utter nonsense and there is zero evidence for it.

[@RnRanimal]

thank you for posting this

[@arlaban22]

Very nice presentation. 😊👍

[@LimeyLassen]

Vetulicolia is such a stunning and weird creature. What is it? It looks like the forbidden lovechild of a lamprey and a bristleworm.

[@timblack6422]

I thought a Lamprey as well!

[@maxsmith695]

@@timblack6422 - that is the shark family. My ancestry DNA spectra scan showed my family evolved from the shark family 60 billion years ago. But we are all great swimmers, so we have that generational reminder.

[@timblack6422]

@@maxsmith695 I was on the swim team in high school - love the water

[@maxsmith695]

@@timblack6422 - I liked climbing trees when younger. My parents wanted me to be tested to see if I had any Monkey G DNA, but I chose to avoid the test. You had to hang upside-down while they gave you a shot in a tender spot. So I will never know if i evolved from a chimp or Razor back gorilla. I guess that is ok with me.

[@chimpanzeethat3802]

I have a pet shark named Gummy.

[@Pr1marySourc3]

Great adventure, the twin otter stuff sounds bonkers! I learned, and found fascinating, that animals would have first evolved in a low oxygen environment. Makes sense, and I also like thinking about the “arms” race of hard shells, and how different creatures pick different chemical structures to do it. Life finds LOTS of ways to make it in this realm.

[@wilsontexas]

You are trying to make life an intelligent designer.

[@wirehead1000]

the Cambrian atmosphere had far lower levels of oxygen then today's planet. That would affect water oxygen levels.

[@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264]

@@wirehead1000 there’s no such period called the Cambrian. The whole “geologic column” only exists in the imagination.

[@perujones2]

@@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 The guy showed a literal picture of it.

[@perujones2]

@@wilsontexas No one is trying to do anything, they’re just discovering how things are.

[@richardstone3473]

Being Welsh I am always amused that the first 4000 million odd years of Earth history means before Wales

[@norbertjendruschj9121]

I felt stupid for 5 minutes before at last I had my flash of inspiration. Nice pun, Richard.

[@RickyHiggs]

Very interesting and enjoyable, always good to learn from those who have knowledge. Thank you

[@michaelmacdonald2907]

What a clear and convencing presentation. Those fossils are amazing. Half-a-billion years ago ?! Where does the time go.

[@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264]

The earth hasn’t been around for half a billion years. The earth hasn’t even been around for millions of years.

[@holographicsol2747]

Thank you for this :) So fascinating!

[@maxfochtmann9576]

Спасибо, интересно, полезно. Я окончил учёбу 50 лет назад. А сегодня - ютуб, просто чудо.

[@KokowaSarunoKuniDesu]

Yes,but what latitude was the Siriuspasset at in the pre-Cambrian??

[@FloozieOne]

Very good question. With both sandstone and mudstone below that I would guess tropical swamp, river delta or really deep ocean floor transitioning to shallower warmer water since the sandstone is in such perfectly flat sheets which indicate the sandstone came from multiple layers of compressed silt and there isn't any sand in really deep water. Then there is basalt which indicates volcanic activity and then more sandstone and shale. Finally the glaciers came along and dumped all their accumulated trash. Considering all that I would guess close to the pole since that was the warmest place at that time. Just a guess of course but those animals needed warm water with lots of plankton so I think it is a reasonable guess.

[@glenbirbeck4098]

Your lecture style is great and deserves a better microphone

[@keyihu933]

interesting lecture, I was looking for music and suddenly captured by this. There is a lot of unknowns about the early evolution of animals before the Explosion. I wonder when we can find that out.

[@matta443]

my favorite part is the tundra trollies. imagine that fat grifter got exhausted moving 200 meters 😆

[@wilsontexas]

Imagination fills in the gaps in evolution. Evolution is losing ground as a viable hypothesis. Random mutations sumple cant create complex systems. That would be a mathmatical miracle.

[@wishusknight3009]

@@wilsontexas Or maybe you don't understand what evolution actually is. I have yet to meet any creationist who has even a very basic 5th grade understanding of evolution. My suggestion would be to search google for "berkley evolution 101" Berkley university offers a free online course that teaches the basics of evolution. its first module takes about 30 hours to complete, and after that to finish the rest of the basics curriculum is another 8-10 modules of roughly 30 hours each. After that you would have hopefully gotten just a small glimpse at the immense complexities and understanding there is known. After that you can apply to take the more advanced courses which are hundreds of hours, but usually those are not nessisary for a laymen. That gets into more specific aspects from the different branches of science that back up evolution 100% as fact.. Good luck.

[@matta443]

sorry to interrupt your evolution church but can anyone explain how Mankind's family (chordates) are in the Geologic Record 500 million years before your religious doctrine states (even at Berkeley)? (strawman argument means you can't)

[@wishusknight3009]

@@matta443 I am afraid your question makes no sense. Could you elaborate?

[@bovinejonie3745]

"A puddle that never dries." ...If only we had a word for that.

[@sislertx]

He evidently needs to.talk to a good.geologist too

[@paul6925]

There’s probably a name for that in German

[@markupton1417]

"Swamp"

[@bovinejonie3745]

@@markupton1417 I was thinking pond, but your answer's better. XD

[@wishusknight3009]

@@johndonahue3162 A creationist calling established science 'fiction".. How ironic.

[@alainlareau1733]

I found it useful the emphasis that oxygen was not a environmental driver.

[@keitoshyu]

What a wonderful talk! Thank you!

[@relaxingthesoulmind1879]

Great lecture and insight on that time scale. I my self have a nice fossil collection with many different types of Trilobite and many Bivalve and ancient corol

[@zapfanzapfan]

Interesting idea for why the explosion happened. I would have guessed the development of predation along with development of eyes and a through gut which would have kicked off an evolutionary arms race.

[@ResurrectingJiriki]

a far more important but never addressed nor answered question is *how* the explosion happened. I.e.: where are all the pre-cursors in the fossil record that would explain where all these new body plans evolved from, based on gradual changes from random and unguided mutations. The "difficulty" which Darwin himself pointed out, but "meant to say", according the professor that is, something else; that there seems to be "a part of evolution missing"(which Darwin clearly did not meant to say, or he would have done so himself... )

[@wishusknight3009]

@@ResurrectingJiriki Perhaps the understanding eludes you.

[@ResurrectingJiriki]

@@wishusknight3009 Perhaps you can't read nor understand the most simple and basic issues yourself? It's not that hard to understand. When something isn't there, it isn't there. Or when someone, like the 'professor' here, is clearly mincing words to fit his own 'agenda' if you will, to be able to uphold a dusty and outdated theory. You know, that one that its inventor KNEW would be in trouble if/when those PRECURSORS were not to be found.

[@wishusknight3009]

@@ResurrectingJiriki Well, you not understanding something is not proof its wrong or didn't happen. I can't help it if you didn't understand. But there is no agenda here. Perhaps you are just getting triggered by buzzwords that have been redefined to strawman and invalidate actual science. Like what creationists do.

[@ResurrectingJiriki]

@@wishusknight3009 hahahahahahahaha! whatever you need to tell yourself, bucko... Again, the lack of precursors for the Cambrian Explosion, as well as the very small paleontological time window, are there for all to see. Or to ignore. Much like the rollout of more Marxist totalitarianism... You know, that stuff that needs you to believe nothing really matters, has purpose or direction. Like Darwinism... Get well soon!

[@Patrick77487]

Entertaining, religious trolls enraptured with god's grace blubbering on science threads.

[@sciopadore]

Wonderfull fossils and what a location for an expedition! where can i sign up?!

[@sislertx]

Its actually thankfully hard to.get to. Even with that people go and mess it up..people who have no.idea what they are doing and those who just want to m Make money...not telling u.

[@matta443]

oh, come on, spill the beans, ya grifter.

[@chadthistle6425]

Hi you guys, I have learned that Cambrian critters seemed to like low O2 environments. Did not know that. Thank you, Chad Santa Rosa, CA

[@MikeJones-mf2fw]

I'm so glad the earth is warming up. We are gonna find so many new things!

[@kaylaandjimbryant8258]

As for the apparent lack of findings in the more sandy upper shelf regions, could it just be that the environment just wasn't conducive to preservation?

[@simonmasters3295]

I think he is saying he did not have present day access to other parts of the delta's sedimentary deposition zones. I guess as the ice melts this will change and other localities are exposed.

[@kaylaandjimbryant8258]

@@simonmasters3295 that's kind of my take as well, the continental shelf portion they are in was getting sandy layers from the upper shelf in storms, and sand isn't that conducive to preservation. But yeah, as large as the layer is maybe they will find something from the upper shelf that was more conducive like an underwater alluvial zone from a river or something with mud or silt transport into what used to be the upper continental shelf.

[@mikelooby8362]

The evolution of minerals and chemicals

[@matta443]

alchemy 😆

[@wishusknight3009]

@@matta443 Alchemy had nothing to do with it.

[@bonysminiatures3123]

@@matta443 christian witchcraft

[@jbtownsend9535]

The Cambrian is relatively "abrupt" looking on a 200 million year timeline but it's obviously due to both the scale in which we view it and our own conceptualizations of deep time- or lack thereof. A few hundred-thousand years- no. Million years? No- we are talking about tens of millions of years. Divide and stretch it with short generational animal lifespans and it multiplies into something a bit more gradual looking.

[@pjeffries301]

Its not so much a question of time but of fossils appearing as fully formed Phyla, Phyla that retain the same general form today. Similar to the Model T Ford car which is basically the same as today's Lambos, but had no predecessor.

[@bumfit5491]

I’m trying to build my family tree this is very useful …

[@gailblissitt4504]

Wonderful lecture ! And very exciting ! You are very brave to take yourself to such a remote, hostile and dangerous place….have read about the C..E. Years ago, and am so to learn more in-

[@kelliepatrick519]

Ouch, he keeps referring to evolutionary 'choices'. Most of us understand that he's speaking metaphorically but that's the kind of sloppy anthropomorphic language that scientists sometimes use that creates all kind of confusion (or ammunition) for creationists and their silly attempts to debunk evolution.

[@johnbull1986]

Creationists aren't "confused" by metaphors like that.

[@Popebug]

@@johnbull1986 Have you checked the comments? There's plenty of dummies going "but how aminal make choice!?1".

[@rogerclark8260]

Evolution is trillions upon trillions of bad mutations until one finally improves an organisms ability to reproduce it's self. Animals don't choose to do any thing.

[@xitheris1758]

​@@johnbull1986 Trolls will be trolls. The only creationists you'll see making comments like that are anti-scientific zealots; you can't stop them. As a pro-evolution creationist myself, I can say that they're usually just as defiant at church as they are here. They just like stirring up controversy to get attention. No matter how little ammo you try to give them, they'll always find something to use against you. Best to just go about your day and _not_ give them the negative attention they want. In regards to using anthropomorphic terminology when speaking about evolution, I think it encourages a better understanding of the mechanisms at play. In my opinion, an ecosystem can be considered a distributed collective intelligence, much like a market. Humans are notoriously incompetent at recognizing forms of intelligence that don't utilize a centralized nervous system. I think that ecosystems can be said to make choices, just as markets can. Check out Michael Levin's research on intelligence; it'll change how you see everything.