The Cities of Mars: Exploring Martian Cityscapes

[@Zeppflyer]

Watching this after watching the first commercial spacewalk this morning was pretty cool.

[@Bobboby-v9t]

How did the space walk go?

[@Zeppflyer]

@@Bobboby-v9t Just fine. Two of the astronauts: Jared Isaacman (the funder of the mission, on his second spaceflight) and a SpaceX suit engineer; Sarah Gillis, both climbed mostly out of the capsule after it was brought down to vacuum. They both stood in the hatch for several minutes and performed various maneuvers with the space suits, reporting on how easy each movement was in vacuum. The hatch was then re-sealed and the capsule repressurized. They'll spend a couple more days in orbit performing various experiments.

[@Deridus]

F***ing AMAZING!

[@Squigglydodah]

Space habs art is so beautiful it's the wallpaper on my computer. Has been for years

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

Bryan is phenomenal artist and an awesome guy :)

[@godeezy5094]

@@isaacarthurSFIA woudn't arifical wombs and ivg (could you do a viedo on both ) be able to increase the population faster and self clancking repicator could build the mars based and robot nannies. would that lead to population of 1 million faster .

[@Bobboby-v9t]

It would but you probably wouldn't get as much public support, which sounds more interesting, robots on Mars or a colony on Mars.And artificial wombs MIGHT (not guaranteed) raise ethical issues

[@godeezy5094]

@@Bobboby-v9t i was think now more like 2160

[@definitlynotbenlente7671]

​@@Bobboby-v9tthe robot nanies are the bigger ethical issue

[@hibbs1712]

I can't wait to teach Botany and Horticulture at Hellas Planitia University

[@garypalmer1122]

Imagine being part of the team that has to re-wild Mars on a colossal tree planting project?

[@hibbs1712]

@@garypalmer1122 I'd love to be a part of that team! I would love to take care of plants on Mars

[@LezlyLikesYuri]

​@@garypalmer1122 "RE"-wild? Pretty sure we would just be wilding at that point. Also pretty sure it would be structured with nice even rows, at least at first unless we get really good at making those little seed-screw bombs that is

[@hibbs1712]

@@LezlyLikesYuri I was thinking how about how much of a pain it would be to be on the board that decides what qualifies as "native" and "ecosystem beneficial" to Mars 😭😭

[@4124V4TA-SNPCA-x]

​@@LezlyLikesYuri Maybe they meant descending into madness in the habitat and literally cannibalize each other. 8⁠-⁠)

[@planetdisco4821]

So I met Kim Stanley Robinson at a book signing for Blue Mars and frankly, he’s a pretty tightly wound spring lol. But after re-reading my signed copies of the Mars Trilogy I have to say it’s stood the test of time amazingly well because of the amazing amount of research he did before he even started writing. It’s probably the best “future history” hard science fiction trilogy ever written IMO. He’s actually a mountaineer in his spare time (as I once was back in the day) and wrote a short story in “The Martians” about a group of climbers that summit Olympus Mons that I thought was great. To put that mountain to scale, the actual cliff around the edge of the shield volcano is taller than Everest itself! The rest of it’s just a long uphill walk so kind of the opposite of the Himalayas lol. I’d also like to mention that the nicest author I ever met was the now sadly departed Greg Bear who was a titan in the genre and just a genuinely pleasant guy who took the time to spend an hour in conversation with me, a filthy dirty, grease smeared 18 year old apprentice boilermaker who’d skipped out of work early with a shopping bag full of his novels to get them signed by him at the bookshop at the local mall and it turned out, I was the only one there! RIP Mr Bear, the foreman docked my pay when I tried sneaking back into the factory but your signed editions still take pride of place in my collection…

[@NickTaylor-Phantom-Works2]

I'm about 2/3 the way through red Mars at the moment. I'd love to an 'Expanse' style (ish) series made from it!

[@planetdisco4821]

@@NickTaylor-Phantom-Works2 it’s probably a little slow paced for the modern attention span but it could possibly work if KSR allowed such a thing to happen, which he is unlikely to do I suspect. But if you haven’t seen it yet, I highly recommend watching the series “For All Mankind” which is getting better every season. And yep, I loved the Expanse…

[@NickTaylor-Phantom-Works2]

@planetdisco4821 much appreciated. Yeah I'm a big fan of for all mankind and the expanse too, especially all the parts of them to do with Mars. Can't think of any other equivalents that are relatively grounded in reality like those.

[@planetdisco4821]

@@NickTaylor-Phantom-Works2 Although not much of the series took place there, Babylon 5 did a great job of it with limited resources back in the day…👍

[@NickTaylor-Phantom-Works2]

@planetdisco4821 heard of it, but never saw it. I'll look it up though.

[@albizu75]

Cities of Mars, as in the band? Seriously though I would love to jump 200 years into the future and visit Bradbury City, Underhill, Port Lowell, Utopia Planitia, Londres Nova, Vishniac or Chryse. Look forward to the video!

[@iivin4233]

Maybe 2000 years into the future.

[@albizu75]

@@iivin4233 maybe 🤔. I was going to write 100 years first but then I thought 200 would be more realistic.

[@garypalmer1122]

New London, New Paris, New Berlin etc etc. What would Mars' equivalent be of the Amazon forest be? Or the New Forest, or Redwood / Sequoia National Forest... What about the oceans - what will their names be, and will they have nice vacation destinations?

[@brunocesarcerqueira2525]

​@@garypalmer1122 Yes, we need good oceans. High waves in low gravity will be really cool after we import just a little water from Europa, or Ganymede. Maybe Enceladus, who knows. New Havaii.

[@garypalmer1122]

@@iivin4233 Even if it's 1000 years in the future - that's not long in human history. When we have liquid water on the surface of Mars, we will all have a second home - forever. Then it will be Venus, and then out to the rest of the solar system.

[@Lngbrdninjamasta]

I watched the space X civilian space walk this morning 🎉 We r one step closer. ❤🎉 🌟

I love the idea of Martian Cities, but I do feel like Luna is going to be our first target for large scale permanent habitation before we see Mars. Just given the close location and usefulness of a lunar colony.

[@Missmori]

have you read the book Artemis by Andy Weir? but i feel like Luna's gonna be more of like the goldrush towns out west in the US. a MASSIVE rush and then total abandonment rather then perminent settlement.

@@Missmori That could happen for sure, but going on Isaac's video Moon or Mars first, I think there is a lot of sense in Luna being our first permeant base, getting ships from Luna to Mars is going to be a lot easier than from Earth to Mars and cheaper as well if we find enough water and set up fuel building facilities and maybe even shipyards up there. I have not read Artemis it's on my list here soon, might even be next, I do enjoy Weir's work. I don't know for sure either way, we might skip the moon it just seems like it's a lot closer, safer and easier to set up a permanent base where we can actually get help to someone if they need it in a timeframe, they might actually service vs Mars. Time will tell I Guess :)

[@_martian101]

@@Missmori moon is valuable transit site for anyone to go to mars, the heavy industry on the moon can provide everything for earth and mars

[@yesterdayschunda1760]

I don't see a city on even the moon happening. If we cant build a self sustained city in Antarctica then it won't work in space.

[@Zurround]

I posted above that human health would deteriorate due to the gravity being so much lower on Mars. To be healthy the human body needs close to 1G of gravity. If the gravity is slightly more or less than 1G the body can adapt and I do not know exactly where that line would be. A lot of health issues are not based on exact dividing lines like how much sugar or cholesterol is too much for example, sometimes it is common sense. However, Mars has barely more than a third of Earth gravity and the moon has about a sixth of Earth gravity which is even weaker. I have seen (on tv and other forms of video and described in magazines) the horrible effects zero G has on the human body and obviously SOME gravity is better than none at all but the "gravity deprivation" would gradually harm the human body over time. Note that Venus has very close to Earth gravity (I think its only 10 percent less) and granted its a toxic and hot environment that is lethal to us but if you just go by the GRAVITY of Venus its a great place to live.

[@dariustiapula]

First act as governor of Mars. The Adeptus Mechanicus symbol is our official seal.

[@dogninja8]

Gonna have to declare independence so Games Workshop can't sue you

[@mill2712]

​@dogninja8 Or wait until the copyright runs out. Unless it's trademarked then they could renew it as long as Games Workshop exist.

[@dariustiapula]

There is a reason why Mars are always depicted as rebellious.😉

[@Missmori]

my boyfriend and i are wanting to know where we go to trade out the weak flesh and board a shuttle to the promised land.

[@comentedonakeyboard]

Life on Mars as national Anthem?

[@Uf7f7d6cufihud6dgco]

Your thumbnail pictures are particularly wonderful this year.

[@stoweby]

I wish they would have promoted John Carter. I really enjoyed that movie. Sad that it flopped so badly.

[@SailorBarsoom]

Eventually, somebody is going to try again. The 1939 movie _The Wizard of Oz_ that we all know and love is a remake, and so are the three _Lord of the Rings_ movies from the early 2000s, so maybe it's the 2037 Barsoom movies which will be the huge hits.

[@timezone5259]

The thumbnail for this episode looks really good The archology gives a lot of Gallifrey vibes

[@BurtonShotton]

The first cities constructed need to be two cities close together, named Greater and Lesser Helium. We can then move on to Hastor, Ptarth, and Gathol. No Zodonga though.

[@jsbrads1]

Yeah, Zodonga made the seas disappear.

[@Deridus]

Are you trying to give Rebels an idea of where they should congregate? Because you just know that's where the rebels and non-loyal opposition will end up.

[@mpetersen6]

Dahvor il Adazar

[@VisualFrequency13]

I LOVE Kim Stanley Robinson's Mars trilogy!!!! A true masterpiece.

[@chinmaychandraunshuh]

Leo orbital rings, moon bases, space stations, mars cities, mars space stations, asteroid mining....so much can happen I'm so mesmerized by the future, but I think all of the above will take at least 300 to 400 years

[@Komiroya]

St Augustine represent.

[@angelmontgomery6168]

The oldest city founded by Europeans in the Americas was Santo Domingo on the island of Hispaniola in 1496, 4 years after Columbus. St. Augustine is the oldest in the United States.

[@angelmontgomery6168]

It's now the capital of the Dominican Republic.

[@angelmontgomery6168]

I wonder if KZbinrs ever deliberately put factual errors in their videos because they know that people like me will be irresistibly compelled to correct them in the comments section.

[@innerstrengthcheck]

Copping new Isaac 18 minutes after posting is the scienciest divine intervention of this week. Great as usual mate 💯

[@elliotsmith9812]

A nuclear power plant on Earth typically has huge cooling towers because all the power generated has to be rejected as heat. On mars a cooling tower, which is a really efficient way to do the job, would have to be 1000x bigger and consume insane amounts of water. Heat reduction will be the largest part of any city on Mars, but it never shows up in the illustrations.

[@connecteddthoughts]

Well it is pretty cold. Maybe use the heat for…heating?

[@elliotsmith9812]

@@connecteddthoughts Ultimately it is the heat flow rate you have to maintain and that is limited by the size of your radiators. On Mars 90% of heat rejection is going to be radiation. Here 90 % is convection to water or air via water.

[@MS-ii1sv]

​@@elliotsmith9812Put the cooling tower inside the dome then.

[@missZoey5387]

I had this idea for a story where the human settlers of Mars live in various city-states that each have satellite towns, villages, and industries. Each one sends representatives to a kind of national assembly. In the narrative, Mars is in the middle of a war of independence where some city-states are loyal to the UN on Earth, some are pro-independence, and some are neutral in the conflict.

[@niveketihw1897]

Not a word about the Swedish atmospheric doom band of the same name? Awesome episode as usual!

[@alexanderreintzsch5315]

Total Recall!!! That is what was a great Mars movie! With Arni that is!

[@GRAHAMESIMPSON]

Also based on a short story by Phillip K Dick

[@innocentbystander3317]

🎶 We're gonna run run run to the cities of the future Take what we can and bring it back home So take me down to the cities of the future Everybody's happy and I feel at home. 🎶

[@zico739]

Great stuff as usual.

[@jamesfra1311]

There's water, like a lot of it under the surface 15km deep. Mars getting more hope.

[@jebes909090]

Oh is that all 😅😅

[@filonin2]

​@@jebes909090It will be much easier to dig deep on Mars due to lower gravity and lower internal temperature.

[@dvaritek434]

​@@filonin2easier to drill, but hard to transport equipment to drill that deep. Just the drilling mud and concrete to.secure the well is a heavy lift

[@iriswaters]

​​@@dvaritek434 concrete can be made there. The machinery to dig would be a task though, either having a huge pricetag to ship, or a long manufacturing tail to make in situ.

[@jsbrads1]

@@iriswaters to construct on mars, find an iron deposit, and only bring what u need to process the ore into a usable material, and the forge to convert that material into usable tools and machines. Use local materials exclusively to make everything else.

[@petertuckergoettler5720]

GOOD STUFF, MERCI.

[@SailorBarsoom]

Just wanted to drop in and say how cool it was to hear one of my namesakes refed in an Isaac Arthur video.

[@taxman3749]

This is awesome and perfect timing because I am in the process of writing historical lore for my Star Citizen fleet... The Mars Assembly Aerospace Union.

[@mostmrduck8350]

Hey isaac. Love your show. I frequently listen to it on Spotify, but the audio tends to be very quiet, even on the highest volume. Is it possible that you can turn up the volume on your Spotify episodes?

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

Everything is normalized at -4db, post compression, from prior experience that's on the louder side. I can't adjust, but maybe check if it's louder on the soundcloud, art19, or audible versions, as it might be spotify

[@KogureDevilchan]

You could try enabling volume normalization on your OS (assuming it's Windows) (I personally don't use it except for those times since it distorts music)

[@s4098429]

I think what’s missing from all these animations is the scale of infrastructure required to support a modest village on mars. Just like on Earth, where we devote the majority of land to agriculture, Mars will have to devote most of its buildings to growing food. Not in pretty greenhouses either, warehouses with artificial lighting would be the economical way to go. I’d imagine a colony would feel rather empty, huge and numerous buildings with racks of plants and equipment, with a few staff scootering the breadths of the installation to perform maintenance.

[@dvaritek434]

9:30 Space trains? Galaxy express 999!

[@eliqfor1]

Economic reasons to go to Mars : 1 Water and volatiles (Co2 Ice ) in close proximity to asteroid belt (a lot closer than Earth). 2 Massive amounts of metals and gases in the same 3 Due to easy access to metal (no regulations or ecological considerations) low gravity and next to no atmosphere ,we can easely construct orbital launcher - thus sending raw materials anywhere in the Belt or Jovian System at a fraction of a cost of Earth . 4 Due to the same ease of access we can construct habitatas , large scope ships and industrial vehicles in orbit

[@theOrionsarms]

Close proximity? It depends on the criteria you use, if you use time transit for the main belt asteroids , earth is closer because Holhman transfer orbit are faster (with 15 months, not almost two years ), if you use deltaV from low orbit around planet to asteroid belt also earth winn because of the Oberth effect from the higher gravity , if you ask how often a launch window is open between a specific asteroid and Mars or earth, again earth is winning because for the main belt asteroids is also one at 15 months, but Mars needs 4,5 years approximately (because of the oddity of orbital mechanics that makes also less frequent transfer between earth and Mars than that between earth and any other planet). Oh also the average distance between earth and an asteroid is smaller,if you count only the distance when two bodies are at conjunction yes the Mars is closer, but this is like asking which planet is on average closest to earth,Mars Venus or Mercury?a Mars fanboy would say Mars, because sometimes it is only 56 million km,a more educated in astronomy would say Venus because the closest come at 35 million km, but the correct answer is Mercury, because we are speaking about average distance, and even if never came as close as Mars or Venus,it never came as far, so what is closer to a specific asteroid on average, earth or Mars?

[@iriswaters]

Why is it useful to have things in close proximity to the belt that are significantly easier to get in the belt? The main reasons I can see for Mars colonization are 1). Romantic ideas about planets being better, and 2) the eventual need for more material than the belt has available.

[@ebonaparte3853]

@@iriswatersExploration into the Belt might start from Mars at first.

[@iriswaters]

@@ebonaparte3853 why would that ever be useful? Setting up mining in the belt would be orders of magnitude easier to bootstrap, and iterative growth from there would be simple. Why spend the Delta v to get to Mars, spend huge amounts on getting material to the surface, more on building things up to be livable there, and then spend huge amounts getting material off Mars to send to the belt, when everything is so much much easier to get from the belt? There's no rational reason to do Mars before the belt. Getting to the belt from Mars is not really particularly easier than getting there from Earth, and there's nothing on Mars that the belt won't provide, faster, cheaper, and easier. All Mars has going for it is the emotional comfort of solid ground, the romantic appeal of a new world, and the fact that it's got a ton of resources for once the belt is mostly mined out. But for that last, the moons of Saturn and Jupiter are the more appealing next step.

[@archmage_of_the_aether]

Dude, every point you make is better met by skipping Mars and going right for Psyche. Lower gravity, less atmosphere, more good stuff, less bad stuff.

[@Seekarr]

A couple of TV Shows that feature Mars colonies are (JMS's) Babylon 5, where it is a rebellious Earth colony, and (Ronald D. Moore's) For All Mankind where it is a rebellious Earth colony... There are differences, Babylon 5 features a long established colony with perhaps millions of people already there. For All Mankind features the first astronauts to each Mars (Season 3), the establishment of the colony (Season 3), and the expansion of the colony to about 200 people living there in season 4. As a note: Ronald D. Moore (Deep Space 9, Battle Star Galactica) created the show with many of the same themes and characters of the prior two shows, but For All Mankind is far more stylistic and polished - bringing in some Breaking Bad style cinematography having some of Ronald D Moore's directors and writers that have been with him since Deep Space 9, and also a few from the Fargo TV series. For All Mankind is my favourite TV series right now, leaning into more the drama and alt histor. It asks the question, "What happens if the space race didn't end in 1972?" each season covers a snapshot roughly a decade apart from the others, although, aside from season 2 which takes place entirely in 1983 and season 4 entirely in 2003, the seasons take place across several years. There are shorts of roughly 2-5 minutes each that take places per gap year, usually a fictional news broadcast.

[@Cartoonicus]

I'm curious about the whole lava deal. If we think Mars's Core is solid, where does that lava come from? And are there active volcanos?

[@comentedonakeyboard]

They once where active, but then the core cooled down, thanks to less mass and fewer radioactive isotopes.

[@xgjgxoycdfgghuggf]

Great video

[@ultramarinus2478]

Hi Isaac. Have a point or two to your bowl-carousel-city vission. 1) How is the see-thru covering dome protecting the inner volume from the sun/space radioactivity? Wouldn´t it be much safer and more protective to go (architecture-wise) underground? Or at least COVER the "surface" buildings with dirt, sand and regolith, to increase the level of protection for the people, animals (supposing fish, chicken and insects) and crops inside? 2) System to move and BALANCE the "bowl-carousel", especially when in your video it seem there are multiple story buildings in the bowl and people and materiell/cargo WILL be moved inside, seem as unnecessarily intricate and gargantuan in scope to me. Not to mention, i see no way, to start it gradually, according new needs and materials at hand. I sugest to you a possible alternative to consider. "Metro - ring". - It is basically underground (or optionaly underground) construction (wich hightens its capability to protect living material and people inside from unhealthy levels of Mars-surface radioactivity), majority of wich can be build out of localy sourced and refined materials. - Building a ring-shaped subway tunnel on (or in) the wall of a crater seem to me as extremely LESS resource hoging endevour (than the bowl-carousel), especially in the first months of colony. Of course, there is a possibility to utilize a fleet of mostly self/driven fleet of worker robots, to boost-skipp the initial liabilities with the building process for the colony. - When the tunel (consisting of AT LEAST 3 paralel tracks inside the tunel) is build, the "subway" city can be started - basically on the outer track will permanently ride a city "train", by its movement in a circle (with possible tilted track to counter the centrifugal forces influence on the train itself) providing suitable rad-protection and 1G gravity to all passangers. - The train is scalable (lenghtwise) - you can add traincars, till the locomotive is touching its trains tail. The reason for having 3 tracks is two-pointed: A) the outer track serves for much smaller train cars, wich act as personell and bigger cargo transport between traincars. B) secondary reason to have a backup track is, in case of failures or problems, the de-facto city train can switch to the second track and leave the first one to be repaired and (or) revitalized. C) in case of only shortly forseen emergency, you can "evacuate" the whole train-city, by simply switching tracks and proceed (if there are some access tunnels, or abandoned mining tunels with tracks). During the period of emergency, the people will not be in 1G environment, but that should be for quite short period of time (week or less.) BTW regarding scalability, you can build another tunnels underneath and above the first one and fill the "bowl" of crater with your watter supply instead.

[@Missmori]

anyone else see Mothman at 6:40? i'm kidding but i seriously had to stop and go back after catching that weird light spot out of the corner of my eye LOL.

[@ikenosis8160]

Great EP! Thanks for all your hard work. Liked and shared. Godspeed

[@internationalartprojects8660]

If they build a monorail I'm going!

[@taxman3749]

I call the big one 'Bitey.'

[@isaackellogg3493]

20:24 Garland Crater, +1 minerals in squares just inside the rim

[@hotsnow5042]

I love your videos, Man

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

Thanks :)

[@Maimkillburn69]

May mars be built up for the glory of the Omnisiah

[@Gurbuyten1146]

Nice video dude!

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

Thanks!

[@elfinkenshi6437]

Alright, you sold me that Martian city with your presentation. When can I move there? 😃

[@mikithekynd]

I've recently played Per Aspera and now I have a completely different image of how exploitation of Mars could look like.

[@lordcirth]

Did you like it? I've played Surviving Mars and Terraformers and like both.

[@H1Guard]

"Fusion by the end.of the next century" Finally, somebody not claiming we're "twenty years from fusion power."

[@adamkubiak7132]

Very cool

[@markusmencke8059]

For in-city traffic in not to strongly segmented cities, kick bikes and kick scooters may come in handy. Easy to make (somewhat easier than bicycles), not requiring much in terms of resources, and at least the bike version can actually carry some loads.

[@frankphillips5533]

Desire backed by Dedication equills results. My , you've come a long way. Well done.

[@Keeagn]

I don't like the idea of teraforming Mars, it's unrealistic. It would be cheaper to build a few space habitats like an O'Neil cylinder.

[@waspsandwich6548]

We could paraterraform mars, distinct habitats that are internally conditioned for an Earthlike environment. I agree terraforming Mars seems like a bad idea unless the year is like 2600 and we're super advanced and just want to do it as an experiment or something IDK, not something our generation should be thinking about at all

[@NikolaiManning]

i know not all stock videos can match the subject matter, but as someone from the St. Augustine area, I would have liked to have seen images of the old Spanish fort that is there, or the bridge of lions. They are two of the most well known landmarks of the city.... aside from the Fountain of Youth... which tastes like sulfur.

[@UrdnotChuckles]

Always nice to continue seeing optimistic space settlement stuff here, especially with all the pessimistic takes that keep popping up. Also nice to see other folks thinking about building into cliff walls on the red planet!

[@Gregorythe5_5551st]

Marthursday

[@archmage_of_the_aether]

Correction: the planet Mars was not named after the god of war, but rather the god of war was named after the planet. First folks identified the planets, Then they personalized them with characteristics (ie red means blood means war) Then these personae got deified

[@the_sage_of_dragons1881]

NOTIFICATION GANG!!

[@lordmortos979]

17:30 Apache moonbuggy! 😮

[@RamenNoodlePackets]

As for growning food, it's a major hurdle due to how toxic the soil is, it's loaded with perchlorates.

[@GrandviewKing]

Rate of development timeline counter argument: Singapore Not saying you are wrong but I can see a relatively rapid initial development once it becomes possible, perhaps to the extent it becomes an economic bubble we have to endure a temporary collapse of..

[@SineN0mine3]

I think it depends how developed our space economy is when we eventually do begin colonising mars. If we managed to colonise mars before we have a permanent settlement on mars or a reasonably large population in orbital habitats then I think it's unlikely that thriving cities would spring up within years. On the otherhand, if we accelerate our approach towards colonising other parts of space before we decide to settle mars we might have a lot of the techniques practiced to the extent that we could support a reasonably large city and build it quickly with automation.

[@mpetersen6]

My favorite Mars setting is in Court of the Crimson Kings by S M Stirling. Total fantasy.

[@carminedesanto6746]

Interesting…I doubt they will be on the surface for some time to come…underground ..with a surface “dome” …but an interesting idea.

[@Imagine_Beyond]

I like the idea of colonising Mars, but it just feels a bit more like a side goal given all the other great things space has to offer us.

[@Charlie-ok1cq]

Hi Issac! I have a science question that I think would be interesting to speculate in one of your future videos, I'm not a physicist so maybe there's a simple answer that I'm just unable to find but I was wondering if certain parts of the universe could evolve intelligent life more quickly than Earth by experiencing time more quickly relative to Earth or the rest of the universe due to special relativity. From my understanding, Earth is moving very quickly through the galaxy and the universe and thus experiences time more slowly than something which would be moving more slowly, I can't help but wonder if there are celestial bodies which don't move very fast relative to us or exist in a region with little gravitational influence and have more time to develop an advanced civilization earlier than Earth. Thanks for reading and keeping posting your awesome videos!

[@GRAHAMESIMPSON]

Double Star by Heinlein is another sci fi novel in which Mars plays a significant role

[@dongiovanni4331]

One person I follow proposed that the cities on mars would be more lines. You dig a wedge into Mars, not a long wedge, mind you, and build an archway over it, and a pressure bulkhead on each side. When you need to extend the city, just dig to the side of the wedge, and extend the archway sideways, and build a new bulkhead.

[@jsbrads1]

Why not a circle?

[@greggweber9967]

3:05 What is a town between village and city?

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

Apples a d oranges, for Ohio anyway. And many Midwestern states. Village is 5k and less and has a charter, cities 5k plus with a charter, towns are unincorporated. Many villages and cities exist inside towns, and some have tens of thousands. But no charter and run by 3 elected trustees. As opposed to a council

[@EveryoneWhoUsesThisTV]

Water on Mars may end up being too precious to convert into rocket propellants.... :) Personally, I think Mars will get busy once we master propellant-less propulsion, which is hopefully sooner than we'd think. The rocket equation is merciless, as are cosmic rays. Rapid spaceflight for crewed missions is preferable, electric propellant-less spaceflight for efficient missions will be preferable. It's hard to picture too many pioneers looking to set up a Mars homestead, if they need to burn ungodly amounts of expensive propellant for every ton of luggage they want to take. Homesteading takes a LOT of equipment and supplies. Mining ice on Mars will take even more, plus all those spare cutting edges, drills, pump liners, pipes etc - so, so much heavy equipment. I suspect we'll end up having top-notch propulsion and exporting what we need from earth and won't end up doing ISRU mining for propellant, the astronauts time is too valuable to waste on drilling ice for weeks. I think Mars ice will be mined by homesteaders for water and oxygen eventually.

[@lostandlost519]

I have never watched Blade Runner. To this day, I have no idea how I have managed this avoidance, so to say. It makes no sense to me. Based upon my interests, Blade Runner seems like a movie I would find entertaining.

[@animistchannel]

When someone noticed & mentioned to Elon Musk that the Boring Company tunneling machine just happened to be just small enough to fit inside the cargo capsule of a SpaceX Starship, he answered, "That might not be an accident." When somoene mentioned to Kimball Musk that his cargo-container hydroponics systems that were developed for urban gardening would also fit well along the walls of the walls of the Boring Company tunnels with room to walk or have a cart-rail between, he answered (approx), "Huh, go figure. Maybe there's a point to that." Between lava tubes and tunneling machines, it would be fair to project that the early cities of mars will not be big round domes, but rather long snakey networks of tunnels lined with distributed food production, with side-chambers for living quarters. That solves your radiation problem, your perchlorate problem, temperature regulation, tansportation, agriculture/aquaculture tanks (ironically, martians will likely be eating a lot of fish, folks), and your meteorite shielding issues. About the only thing that needs to stick up above ground are landing ports for access to surface activities and spaceship dockings.

[@bergonius]

Domes of Mars will be iconic, and they'll grow like mushrooms. But underneath domes will be a network of tunnels, vast and dense akin to mycelium under real mushrooms.

[@mannygee005]

once a colony is on Mars and transport is available, a content creator could probably get funded to travel there to make content. They just need 10 million subscribers.

[@ProSimex84]

Forges of Mars?

[@Warchin007]

I wonder how many astronauts they will send to Mars for the first manned mission? Anyone have any ideas? My guess would be sixteen peps. Four groups of Four, Eight per starship. A total of four starships, two beign cargo ships. Any ideas? ❔

[@bjturon]

"The Fighting Man of Mars" is a great Barsoom novel, doesn't feature John Carter or family, female companion of male protagonist is as much a fighter as the man, to his initial surprise 😄

[@lancewesterhoff4544]

Yeah, those pics of the city at the cliffs of Tempe Mensa really gets the trypophobia going. Between 21:40 and especially 21:44 then at 22:20, there is no way that city looks appealing.

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

I had to look that one up, but yeah I can see how anything beehive-y would bug ya

[@DSlyde]

I always wondered how you'd design large vehicles for non-oxygenated worlds in the near future. Do you use ICE vehicles and carry oxygen? Huge batteries? Try to get away with cabled or beamed power where you can?

[@Smiles10130]

I have always thought that the only way to make mars colonization and asteroid mining feasible is to use mars as a processing center for the material from the asteroids. Instead of rocks of a 100 elements, you get bars of whatever is mined. You'd send just a few ships every 2 years to not destroy the supply demand curve. The first president of Mars will be from the most established processing center.

[@bijoylaha7245]

I am 100% confram mars war with Antarctica freezing full connections

[@iivin4233]

"Earth may die, but that is a sacrifice we are willing to make." - First Martian tweet.

[@gregmarsters2434]

My strong suspicion is cities on the Moon and Mars will be giant caverns underground with virtual day night cycles and large spinning platforms for artificial gravity. Human psychological health in tiny little rooms will probably not be great.

[@swamphawk6227]

They should do a dome over Olympus Mons and fill it with air.

[@sarcasmo57]

Yep. That's the way I would do it.

[@MartinCHorowitz]

Too bad you didn't contact Vera Mulyani who used to run the Mars City Design Conference, she has a bunch of great artwork from the submittals that were made over the years.

[@robertgraybeard3750]

at 19:45 ", , , it helps to think of < a rocket > as a giant flamethrower attached to a warehouse full of explosives that you're trying to softly crash onto the ground." L O L

[@minhmeo9506]

I still love a city underground, perhaps inside a lava tube or cave.

[@Vlamyncksken]

I heard some prolific people say it'd be easier to have a permanent presence on the moon than on mars because of the distance, gravity and lack of atmosphere

[@TroyRubert]

Did you plan to release this walkabout minigolf vr?

[@eclipsenow5431]

I love that SFIA now has 792k subscribers - but feel like fans need to hit that LIKE button more! 63k views but only 3.2k likes?

[@bobsinhav]

Outpost > Base > Settlement

[@jamesfowley4114]

Would stripping the atmosphere from Mars and using it to support habitats and enclosed farming make sense? It would simplify launch and landing events.

[@JamesBarry-j7m]

The problem is low gravity and solar radiation

[@bergonius]

Not really a problem

[@PerfectAlibi1]

Once we invent a spaceship engine that can move off a gravity well like a planet like Earth, as easily as you can drive a car 10 miles. I feel cities on Mars would just be another place for people to live. ^^

[@isaackellogg3493]

According to Rudyard Lynch, during the Middle Ages there wasn’t really a concept of privacy, with whole families sleeping naked in the same bed, and friends and families having sex in front of each other. If privacy does go extinct, perhaps it won’t actually cause societal breakdown, anymore than the extinction of the nation-state, the constitutional monarchy, or the crossbow.

[@picturesalbum4532]

I have heard Village less then 1000 qualifys Town over 1,000 but it must incorporate elect a Mayor and provide certain services is a Town and a City requires 12,000 people ( but again must incorporate have more services and 640+ persons per square mile ) so there are villages of 7000 and towns of 30,000+ even though there are also citys of 12,000 and towns of 1,000 but lately a new thing called Regional Municipality is being pushed 😒

[@David-di5bo]

Not how we pronounce St. Augustine here in FL, but it's cool.

[@justinatwood8728]

we need venus's atmosphere on mars and more mass/gravity for both to terraform them and have them properly retain their atmospheres.

[@nickkorkodylas5005]

PRAISE THE OMNISSIAH! *grabs incense

[@_martian101]

i expect mars to have cities like in the movie tron in the future

[@kingofspades1776]

Are you making the AI generated art in these videos yourself? Can you make a video on how you get such great results? I've tried but I'm terrible at prompting or there is a method I don't know.

[@Marcus_Postma]

He's stated before that he sees ai as a tool, but most of the artwork featured in his videos are made by friends and colleagues. It has been some time since those comments were made, so things might have changed, but I doubt it.

[@isaacarthurSFIA]

I make some for visuals where there just isn't anything else to use and for some practice sine as a futurist I kinda need to be upto date on AI but most is from friends and stock footage, I think a lot of that is AI now too but I don't really pay attention.

[@icewind117]

What do you think about air ships on Mars?

[@Truther00]

Space x is the new CGI 👍🏼

[@comentedonakeyboard]

If we send settlers to we wont just fix that disapointing lack of marsian life, but might eveu get that Invasion from the Red Planet we hav been waiting for.

[@carminedesanto6746]

16:53 I think of a buried Aircraft (American) carrier…