The Dangers of Alcohol Intoxication: Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethylene Glycol

In this video we discuss acute intoxication with ethanol, methanol and ethylene glycol.
Methanol is a highly toxic alcohol that can cause severe health problems or even death if ingested. Methanol can be found in products such as windshield wiper fluid, antifreeze, and certain types of solvents.
The symptoms of methanol poisoning can appear gradually over several hours to several days after ingestion. The initial symptoms may include headache, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. As the poisoning progresses, the individual may experience abdominal pain, rapid heart rate, respiratory distress, and visual disturbances, including blurred vision, double vision, and complete blindness.
Acute intoxication with ethanol can result in a range of symptoms depending on the amount consumed. Mild symptoms can include impaired judgment, loss of coordination, and slurred speech, while severe symptoms can include vomiting, loss of consciousness, and respiratory depression. In extreme cases, acute ethanol intoxication can result in death due to respiratory or cardiac arrest.
The amount of ethanol needed to produce intoxication symptoms varies from person to person, depending on a variety of factors such as body weight, muscle mass, age, metabolism, and tolerance to alcohol.
The symptoms of acute ethylene glycol intoxication are similar to those of ethanol and methanol intoxication, including nausea, vomiting, and impaired coordination. However, as ethylene glycol is metabolized into toxic substances that can damage the kidneys, more severe symptoms can occur, such as oliguria, anuria, and metabolic acidosis. Treatment for ethylene glycol intoxication typically involves the administration of an antidote such as fomepizole or ethanol, which can block the metabolism of ethylene glycol and prevent the formation of toxic metabolites.
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