The Dutch, Koxinga, and Qing Campaigns | The Conquests of Taiwan (1624-1683)

How hard was it to invade Taiwan / Formosa in the 17th Century? We examine the three successful conquests of the island from 1624-1683: the initial colonization by the Dutch East India Company (1624-62), the takeover by Ming loyalist Zheng Chenggong or Koxinga (1661-62), and the final conquest by Qing Admiral Shi Lang (1682-1683).
SCRIPT: strategosstuff.blogspot.com/2...
All errors are my own.
▬ CHAPTERS ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
0:00 - Introduction
0:46 - Taiwan Before the Conquests
2:46 - The East Asian Maritime Trade
7:00 - Conquest 1 - The Dutch (1624-1642)
16:03 - Conquest 2 - Zheng Chenggong (1661-1662)
29:04 - Conquest 3 - The Qing (1681-1683)
38:55 - Conclusions
▬ SOURCES ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Andrade T. How Taiwan Became Chinese. Columbia University Press 2008. www.gutenberg-e.org/andrade/an...
Hang X. 'Between Trade and Legitimacy, Maritime and Continent'. UC Berkeley Thesis 2010. escholarship.org/uc/item/1338...
Wong Y-T. China's Conquest of Taiwan in the Seventeenth Century. Springer 2017.
Clements J. Coxinga and the Fall of the Ming Dynasty. The History Press 2011.
Crozier R. Koxinga and Chinese Nationalism. Harvard University Press 1977.
Mateo J. The Spanish Experience in Taiwan, 1626-1642. Hong Kong University Press 2009.
Scott C-P. 'Navigating the Black Ditch'. Center for International Maritime Security 25 December 2014. cimsec.org/navigating-black-d...
▬ CREDITS ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Ingrid
Nitin
Alex
▬ ATTRIBUTIONS ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Google Maps
Wikipedia
Chiu H-H. The Colonial 'Civilizing Process' in Dutch Formosa, 1624-1662. Brill, 2008. (Taiwan Aborigines)
new.qq.com/omn/20200512/20200... (Taiwan's Geography)
www.gutenberg-e.org/cgi-bin/dkv/gutenberg/slideshow_andrade.cgi?pn=49 (Siege of Zeelandia)
new.qq.com/omn/20200512/20200... (Battle of Penghu)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolt_... (Three Feudatories)
Made using Powerpoint 2013, remoteMouse, Blue Yeti, HandBrake, Audacity, WavePad, VideoPad, KZbin.

[@OCinneide]

Your ability to go between Chinese words and the English sentences is amazing.

[@OCinneide]

@Andrew Gianelli Ah, that makes a lot of sense.

[@mrniceguy7168]

@Andrew Gianelli It may be confirmation bias but when I found out he was a Hong Konger, it kind of makes sense. He has an ever so slight HK accent

[@Therworldtube]

It only really takes a whole year of chinese school to pronounce them properly, all 5 tones (and one of them you don't even know what tone to use)

[@Fakeslimshady]

@Andrew Gianelli HKers have very poor Mandarin tbh, so it still is surprising lol

[@hatchegg80]

the pronunciation of koxinga in taiwanese is not bad either but with a teochew twang, maybe teochew hongkonger?

[@david7384]

It's absolutely crazy that Taiwan was only 200km off of the biggest world power for MILLENIA and not until 1600+ was it colonized... By Europeans sailing over 20,000km to get there!!

[@algutgeutschwin1511]

14:41 This immediately reminded me of: *"Economics is the allocation of scarce ressources that have alternative uses."* - Thomas Sowell

[@theacme3]

are you sure about that quote? I think it should be "economics studies the allocation of scars resources" The beginning of your sentence doesn't make much sense and the "alternative uses" is not necessary. Even if something has only one use, but two people want it, it is relevant for economics.

[@epsilon3821]

@@theacme3 Clearly you never read Sowell, let alone understood what the quote meant and instead projected your biased petty view

[@epsilon3821]

Always glad to see the man being shared. He is about to kick the bucket anytime soon and we still have idiots like the other reply in this chain not understanding his already simplified arguments on basic fucking common sense. May Sowell see the world be better before he departs. The man lived his whole life predicting where we are now as it only got worse and worse.

[@theacme3]

@@epsilon3821 Well, one of us has a PhD in economics and is therefore at least mildly qualified to give the basic definition of economics. The other one (you) rambles incoherently about random stuff. -_-

[@epsilon3821]

@@theacme3 Results tell everything. 1) You still didn't bother to try understanding the quote 2) You think an economics degree gives you complete authority when it is among the most pathetic meme degrees out there now. AOC has an economics degree, but perhaps you share the lack of critical thinking too. Ladies and gentlemen, most economists are stuck in their own environments and lack the feedback of reality other careers such as engineering and business have and as such are given no incentive/accountability. Thomas Sowell himself illustrates this in his book Intellectuals and Society, especially on intellectuals such as Richard Wolfe and Noam Chomsky. Take anyone who boldly states they are economist and yet have arguments with results of cardboard in rain with a grain of salt. That said, let's not feed the troll further and let him do the research of humanity with the keynesian economics degree he got from some generic college that failed to teach him how to think and only what to think.

[@Kali23Yuga]

You've done a better job at explaining an entire century of Taiwanese history and comprehensively breaking down all the strategic factors than most history books on the subject. Extremely impressive work you're doing.

[@analogous1224]

You'd know that from all the Taiwanese history books you've read obviously

[@Kali23Yuga]

@@analogous1224 You must have a very exciting life to start picking a fight with a 2 year old comment… Why start flinging excrement my way? Yes I’ve actually read books on the topic and I speak Mandarin fluently. A lot of the books will not cover troop movements thoroughly like this channel does. It’s valuable material.

[@gabrielwright9477]

Hey man, Just wanted to say that you were able to create some of the most informative content on the nature of States and geopolitical strategies. While I hope that you eventually decide to continue to upload I wanted to thank you for putting in the work to curate this content. Well done. All the best, A friendly stranger

[@thesusposter48]

im happy this channel is up and running again thanks

[@robertortiz-wilson1588]

I deeply admire how clear and concise you're able to be alongside your visuals that achieve much the same!

[@kentucky4480]

I’ve just discovered my new favorite channel, only to find that it hasn’t posted in almost a year. This is possibly the greatest tragedy to befall any human in all of history

[@StrategyStuff]

I’ve partnered with HistoryMarche to make videos for him! Mainly to get back into the rhythm of making my own videos… eventually…

[@hanshazlitt4535]

@@StrategyStuff at least you didn’t die

[@joerogue231]

@@StrategyStuff Didn't the Tang conquered Taiwan before any Chinese dynasty ?

[@ahmedshaharyarejaz9886]

@@StrategyStuff You must soon make videos on Ukraine. We desperately await your return.

[@jp38able]

Great video. Your visualizations are great. They look very clean and show only essential information. Thank you for your hard work.

[@Matt-eq5ft]

Welcome back dude, missed your videos

[@actang9429]

I absolutely love this channel, and yes!! Citations!! I can't wait to see what you do next.

[@micahistory]

i love how you explain all the strategies used, it explains so much

[@kesorangutan6170]

Hey man, I'm subbed since 10k subs and please don't stop making videos.

[@thebadblokke]

I have been reading about the period and area recently, this video patches everything together wonderfully.

[@StrategyStuff]

So who do you think came up with the best strategy to conquer Taiwan? I've made a poll in my community tab if you're interested in voting for somebody!

[@markcorrigan3930]

Could you do a video about how russians survived and overcame the tartar/mongol rule?

[@StrategyStuff]

Yes but not this year

[@alpharadisbad3927]

Very good video! Love it !

[@ricardoponcefernandez6339]

@@StrategyStuff Good enough for me! 2022 hype.

[@TRAINAlytics]

Mhm, 2022 hype....

[@CedricAyres]

Nice! I can't believe we got an update so soon!

[@e.solberg6636]

Thanks for the recent return! These videos are quality stuff. Considered having something like a discord group, to discuss these and other ideas further? Cheers

[@StrategyStuff]

Sure that sounds like a great idea, but I have to figure out discord first

[@copeandseethe9279]

new strategy stuff videos!! i never even even realised. so glad.

[@tylerbakelman9214]

Awesome! Can't wait for more videos, I watch every one!

[@cynic2201]

Please give us a patreon. I desperately want to pay you for these

[@johnchao2422]

hear hear

[@neilbradley9035]

I'd pay too.

[@astrolonim2032]

thats the truth. This is the best of this type of strategy/econ/geopolitics channel on youtube

[@leaveme3559]

He doesn't even read comments ????

[@wheresmyeyebrow1608]

Thank you for your videos! Please upload more when you can!

[@TysonFuryTheGOAT]

I've watched your Peleponnesian war series for whats probably a 3rd time. Really appreciate the great job you do. I was wondering if you could do a similar series about the strategy/grand strategy of the Punic wars?

[@StrategyStuff]

Sure, that’s a subject that has plenty of research written on it. But you might have to wait a while…

[@thomaslynch5182]

Where have you gone friend?

[@BekeroParyin]

Thank you so much for these videos!

[@mokhtaramran7041]

Happy you're back!

[@angrybudgies]

Excellent video as always 🙂

[@micahistory]

very interesting, i never expected this to be this interesting

[@clazch]

Love this! More videos please

[@grizla1895]

i love this channel, inspiring content

[@lel7531]

Please make more of those!

[@jonnaylor9202]

Brilliant as always

[@Winterwalker442]

We need this stuff now more than ever

[@ClamTheClammy]

I hope you come back. Your videos are very detailed and very interesting

[@StrategyStuff]

I’m currently doing a video for HistoryMarche so that’s something to look forward too soon!

[@solonsolon9496]

@@StrategyStuff Okay good to know, look forward to more of your own content too.

[@mertroll1]

Please consider making a video about the geoeconomies of the ottoman empire, its really an interesting topic, one of the only empires who had territories on 3 different continents connected.

[@cumpanions8105]

he died

[@mertroll1]

@@cumpanions8105 nice

[@syiniydethepotatoe9486]

roman empire?

[@fahdf5736]

Very cool video. I recommend adding background music and all the luck to you my friend 🤗

[@heseriawuk5584]

Xi Jinping while watching: "Write that down! Write that down!"

[@e1123581321345589144]

Xi Jinping's no idiot, he already knows this, but taking Taiwan is not an easy feat. Not only because of the it's difficult geography, which will bog down any invasion force for years, or it's large concentration of missiles which will make any attempted invasion a costly affair, but also because Taiwan is the world's leading microchip manufacturer and the west is not ready to loose it and will, most likely, defend it fiercely.

[@witoldmatuszek8736]

Very interesting, thank you.

[@TimZandbergen]

Love your videos. Have you considered making one on Bismarck's Realpolitik? Should be very interesting case study

[@StrategyStuff]

Yes, but not this year, which I’ve largely planned out (assuming can keep to schedule of course)

[@accessthemainframe4475]

@@StrategyStuff can you give us an idea what's on your schedule?

[@StrategyStuff]

The channel will be divided into a longer-running video series broken up by one-episode videos like this one, each taking c 3 weeks. So far the schedule for the next 4 videos (which I’ve planned out the reading for) is Lenin > Wellington in India > Mao > the global WWI. Then I’m thinking my next video series will be abt the conquest of the North American West, interspersed by some classical / medieval / African stuff.

[@johnsmith-ir1ne]

@@StrategyStuff it's criminal that you don't have 100x the view count!

[@TRAINAlytics]

@@StrategyStuff Whatever happened to that schedule?

[@jessie4351]

we patiently await your return, king.

[@enduser8410]

It isn't often I sit through 30+ minute videos, but this along with the American Revolution video have been some of most insightful and thought-provoking videos on geopolitics that I've ever watched. In-depth yet delivered in a very understandable and interesting way. Not even the numerous so-called experts on places like Quora (who went as far as translate and summarize Chinese sources) ever mentioned that the Qing and Tungning actually had a truce and potentially peaceful coexistence that was dashed by an overly eager Zheng Jing. With that aside, I know this is kind of an out of the way request, but would you be open to making a similar analysis on the Nagorno-Karabakh wars and the dynamic between Armenia and Azerbaijan, coupled with the larger regional players involved in the region such as Turkey, Russia, and the US/France? The sheer amount of info from English and Russian speaking diasporas among others is amazing, and there is a quite a lot of political intrigue in the Caucasus.

[@StrategyStuff]

Thanks! I normally wouldn't do anything too modern due to the lack of actual research, but the most recent war has been seen as a 'next gen' war (Azerbaijani drones etc) so I might look into it.

[@Natogoon]

@@StrategyStuff Oh boy, have you got stuff to cover...

[@johnchao2422]

YES WELCOME BACK STRATEGY STUFF!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@zomgneedaname]

This says a lot about the current political situation between the Modern PRC and ROC. History really does Rhyme over and over again

[@neilbradley9035]

We want more!

[@robertsanders7060]

Note that at the same time, the Dutch were also engaged in a life or death existential struggle with Spain and Portugal in Europe - the eighty years' war, 1566-1648, with Spain claiming Netherlands as part of their empire - explaining some of the aggression between Spain and Portugal and the Dutch. Also, "Spanish Formosa" is hardly mentioned. It always was my own cynical impression also that the Spanish, Portuguese and Dutch stopped being particularly interested in Taiwan because they found easier and more profitable economic opportunities elsewhere. The limited nature of these struggles, with not many soldiers involved (this in the 1600s, not 1800s) also is not quite clear from the video.

[@cockatyusha2359]

Omg this is so detailed. Could you also do Liao-Song-Western Xia wars as well please.

[@paiwanhan]

There is no Zheng Cheng-kong. Koxinga's real name is either Zheng Shen, his given Han name, Fukumatsu, his given Japanese name, or Zhu Cheng-kong, the name and last name bestowed to him by Emperor Longwu. The whole reason he is named Koxinga (the Lord with the Royal Surname) was that Emperor Long Wu, Zhu Yu-jian, bestowed the royal last name to him, along with the name Cheng-kong, meaning success. Of course Koxinga would never refer to himself as Zhu Cheng-kong, as using the royal name was an important taboo. So koxinga would refer to himself as Gou-xing Cheng-kong (Royal Lastname Cheng-kong), and his followers would refer to him as Gou-xing Ye, or more accurately Kok-sìng-iâ, which the Dutch and the Spanish recorded as Koxinga.

[@verdortudor]

good stuff

[@zechariahtlee]

The video I forgot I always wanted.

[@Apodeipnon]

Feels like history repeating itself with Taiwan

[@TheHunterOfYharnam]

Are you going to make videos about modern strategy, geopolitcs ect ect?

[@cooolbigguy]

I am so happy to see this video. I am really interested in Taiwanese history especially this period. Learned a lot of the outside factors! Another video idea if I may add a suggestion, Taiwan from the late 1800s to mid 1900. From becoming a Chinese province, getting ceded to Japanese Empire, becoming "China" then the civil war and breakaway.

[@edwardchen2481]

can you do an analysis video of the qing dynasty during the high qing era?

[@michinoix]

19:08 "pay lip service to the ming" I assume you mean lip service to the qing? Fantastic vid as always for the rest!

[@StrategyStuff]

No, pay lip service to the Ming as in not actually doing much to further the cause of Ming loyalism (since the taking of the relatively poor and politically minor Fujian cities was never going to do anything substantial to restore the Ming). ZCG actually went a bit further on this by ignoring the Southwest Ming courts (Yongli) orders to put the local Ming dynast (Prince Lu) in a position of authority

[@FernandoNagib]

hi! your first link in the description is broken

[@StrategyStuff]

Fixed, thank you.

[@HxH2011DRA]

The lesson here is that it always pays in the end to cover your bases

[@kategrant2728]

The lesson here is that you are always in the comments section

[@HxH2011DRA]

@@kategrant2728 lol nah I'm not justin Y or that guy with a mustache

[@robertortiz-wilson1588]

Heh

[@CORRI_Pond.ENT_MelowZinclair_]

Great #FACTS 💯 DUDE 👍

[@Thecognoscenti_1]

Finally, someone did a video on 民族英雄國姓爺，鄭成功！

[@swampassgaming3526]

Might be appropriate for a presentation on Ukraine & how it factors into the Eurasia equation.

[@TysonFuryTheGOAT]

The government should mandate by law that strategy stuff must make more content :)

[@erzar.1730]

i was wondering what the font you use in your videos. i love it.

[@StrategyStuff]

It's just the standard Calibri font in Powerpoint. If you mean the more 'spaced out' arrangement for the regional names, then you can toggle that in the 'character spacing' tab next to bold, italic etc

[@erzar.1730]

@@StrategyStuff thank you so much! I love your videos!

[@erzar.1730]

Wait so is all of the things in your video created on powerpoint? I mean, I can see how you can do it.. but Im just curious. :)

[@StrategyStuff]

Well all the visuals are, but the audio is not. Basically I record the Powerpoint as a presentation while simultaneously recording with Audacity, because Powerpoint for some reason has awful sound quality (as the earlier videos will show). Then I stitch them together using WavePad.

[@erzar.1730]

@@StrategyStuff that's awesome! how about the maps in the powerpoint? cause it looks really good

[@qazdr6]

m8 Make a video. I'm hoping for: grand strategy of Italy 1919-1940.

[@shylywarrior3055]

You had me by "the dutch"

[@mj6463]

How do you pronounce Chinese names so well?

[@spitdrinker9301]

ngl the pronunciation of east asian terms at first triggered something in me, but the anger allowed me to push for more reps so

[@gabrielwright9477]

Hey dude, was binging your videos and heard in one of them that you’re in Hong Kong. Hope everything is okay with you given political and pandemic events. Praying from America

[@StrategyStuff]

Oh I'm fine, a lot worse has happened to other people here... thanks for asking!

[@Steyr32]

I know your from Hong Kong and I'm wondering if your safe after posting this video??

[@stevenv6463]

This was very interesting. Though I wonder what you meant by 150 years later it became more important again.

[@StrategyStuff]

I was referring to the Taiwan question btwn Meiji Japan and Qing China starting in the c.1870s

[@stevenv6463]

@@StrategyStuff Oh I see. Thank you

[@wiaamhaddad8550]

Are you using PowerPoint?....

[@StrategyStuff]

Yes

[@TheMap1997]

Can you make the US grand strategy in space with NASA, US Space Force, and also private companies such as Blue Origins and SpaceX. It is the new frontier in geopolitics!

[@Datdoodtedumz]

Already?

[@dinkydaug3005]

So where is the next vid?

[@michaelrider]

G E K O L O N I S E E R D

[@Fronzel41]

Hey, buddy....suger is not a spice!

[@RoyalAnarchist]

Thanks for doing good with the Chinese

[@caperature4335]

Hell yeah

[@micahistory]

the 17th century was probably the most important one in Taiwanese history

[@Fakeslimshady]

Why did both the Chinese and Japanese find the Dutch less problematic? What's so special about them?

[@johnsmith-ir1ne]

Unlike the Iberian, the Dutch deliberately didn't try to proselytize.

[@Fakeslimshady]

@@johnsmith-ir1ne Weren't the Chinese far less phobic of proselytizing than the Japanese? There has to be more than that...

[@StrategyStuff]

The Japanese preferred the Dutch because of the proselytizing issue, sure. As for the Chinese, they didn't prefer the Dutch - Portugal remained Ming China's authorized European trader. Fujian officials could work with the Dutch on 'pirate' suppression but refused to let the Dutch build a post on Xiamen Island and of course Penghu.

[@jakvos342]

based

[@AprilSBarnes]

For a minute I thought Penghu was a worried looking face lol

[@JosephHarrisArch]

Fun fact-Taiwan used to be attached to the Chinese mainland 10,000 years ago

[@cv4809]

It will be once again, soon enough

[@johnsmith-ir1ne]

Well that's only cuz of ice age lowering sea levels at the time. I mean, Russia and North America used to be attached too, back then. Also Korea and Japan used to be attached

[@JosephHarrisArch]

@@johnsmith-ir1ne Yep!

[@philipthegreat7230]

Fun fact: the all world was unite in some point in time.

[@e1123581321345589144]

@@johnsmith-ir1ne and Britain and Europe as well and the north sea was just a lake with Denmark and Scandinavia making a continuous land mass.

[@micahistory]

i never realised just how interesting 17th century Taiwanese history was

[@micahistory]

so it went from Taiwanese to Dutch to Chinese to Manchu control all within barely over half a century

[@nobodysanything2330]

🇹🇼

[@RobinTheBot]

Hi!

[@EDGARBS0903]

Your Chinese are good

[@jameskirk7762]

Hi strat stuff. I noticed your silence, i hope you are ok. C u

[@StrategyStuff]

Hey I’m fine, I’ve been working with HistoryMarche recently to get back into the swing of making videos. Hope to be able to post a video on this channel soon!

[@georgejpg]

@@StrategyStuff Hope so too, your solo content has far more value. That channel might get bigger numbers but it's doing nothing interesting, at least a dozen other channels follow the same formula. They're completely interchangeable.

[@joey199412]

I wonder how such a conquest of Taiwan would fare today. I also wonder how modern China could occupy and pacify a pretty significant island population and keep power in a hard to defend mountainous range. Anyway good video, Especially about the Dutch parts of Taiwan as that is usually an overlooked part of Taiwanese history on KZbin and other western media.

[@davidbrunner7772]

What are your thoughts on the current situation in Taiwan? What do you think would be the best path forward for the state?

[@ravenknight4876]

Accept reunification with the mainland already.

[@ravenknight4876]

@Danny Tallmadge I sincerely hope that China will not have to invade Taiwan and negotiate their surrender. A peaceful integration would be preferable.

[@stoggafllik]

@@ravenknight4876 No. fuck China

[@chrise7180]

CCP watching this video taking notes

[@kundeleczek1]

Are you Chinese person? Cos your pronouns Chienese words perfectly.

[@SharpieLEET]

COME BACK

[@TheGetout04]

Holy fucking shit, that was amazing. I kinda felt liek cheating watching this content for free

[@irishcream9004]

jeez I never knew about the Abo's in Taipei

[@StrategyStuff]

Hey I didn’t know about them too until I looked at their equivalent of Pennsylvania Avenue and wondered “what’s a Ketagalan”. Great way to raise awareness actually

[@irishcream9004]

@@StrategyStuff are there any left?

[@StrategyStuff]

Yeah there are, the current Taiwanese presidential spokesperson is an Aborigine. Most of the surviving Aborigines originally lived in the mountains

[@irishcream9004]

@@StrategyStuff oh thats interesting

[@GyacoYu]

Here's a great mapping of the Ming-Qing transition where you can see how Taiwan and Shan State became the exile bases of Southern Ming, and how Russia got its early war with Qing China. kzbin.info/www/bejne/eYSpioinfZhjopY Ironnically history repeats itself. Taiwan and Shan State has again became the exile bases of ROC. Nevertheless this time Taiwan held much less mainland territories (no more entire Xiamen but instead, Kinmen only), and due to the remnant British culture the Shan State section quickly became some major world drug trading militant groups in Myanmar.

[@guidobolke5618]

Completely unpolitical comment for the algorithm

[@rekit7351]

Adding another one.

[@ptrckphm]

Generic but unspecific agreement.

[@johnsmith-ir1ne]

Ambiguous assent

[@lodevijk]

I absolutely love your videos. I would love to see more. Just one small tip: please learn some basic Chinese pronunciation. Xi is pronounced like 'she', for example

[@LordDarthViadro]

What are the differences in European and East Asian concepts of authority? Nationalism wasn't a thing back then so how could Zheng lay claim on Fujianise colonists? Did the immigrants themselves view this claim as legitimate? Europeans wouldn't.

[@cv4809]

European sovereignity: the state has authority over a specific territorial unit and its residents Chinese: There is only one emperor who is mandated by heaven, every person on earth is his subject even if they don't know it yet

[@StrategyStuff]

I’ve condensed the history for narrative purposes, but basically starting in the mid 1650s ZCG began referring to the FJ colonists as “my subjects” (probably meaning Ming subjects), implying a more “cultural” view of authority where the Chinese state has power over Chinese anywhere etc. In TWN itself FJ colonists largely acted according to ZCG will because their extended families and business were still in FJ. Actually repeated itself later when Qing refused the “Korea option” for Tungning and demanded the Chinese on TWN follow Manchu authority and shave their heads.

[@ukrainenews8247]

香港人？

[@StrategyStuff]

係 :)

[@ukrainenews8247]

@@StrategyStuff Keep up the good work! 我好鍾意睇你啲片

[@frostyalaska6371]

The CCP likes and approves of this video

[@wasumyon6147]

Your audio would benefit from a pop filter

[@QuizmasterLaw]

Meanwhile on the flip side: 1) How to make Taiwan impossible to invade or conquer 2) How to make Taiwan entirely ungovernable in the event of invasion and conquest. aka why I don't youtube.

[@rosameltrozo5889]

Chinese sounds so bad