The Facts Nearly Everyone Gets Wrong About Pluto

[@astrumspace]

Check out my BRAND NEW Displate collection of the moons of Jupiter and Saturn here: displate.com/astrumspace?art=5f04759ac338b Hopefully you can treat yourself or a space lover you know this Christma - plus 33% off if you get 3 or more before 24th Dec 2023.

[@frankrizzo7746]

WOW WOW WOW!

[@benvolio36]

I'd buy one of the Andromeda galaxy show brighter than the moon, as you showed in your video! That's super cool.

[@eSKAone-]

There are no planets. The are just sattelites of a sun and sattelites of sattelites and so on. And every one of them is different.

[@kwgm8578]

Alex, what a nice garden you have, with so much space between the houses. It reminds me of the home where I grew up. There was always plenty of room for sports between two houses (both facing walls had to be sans windows.)

[@kwgm8578]

@RepentandbelieveinJesusChrist- Does this seem like a church meeting to you? Your statement is both irrelevant and inappropriate. Instead of your intended goal of winning converts for Christ, you're just being annoying and lazy. Dropping a random 'repent' message in an unrelated KZbin comment is easy. Go out and walk your talk. Help feed the hungry, work to get housing for the homeless, help troubled young people who have known nothing of acceptance, kindness, and understanding in their short, wounded lives. Do something -- talk is cheap, and right now you're making a fool of yourself. Give of yourself and keep your mouth shut if you're only going to speak in slogans, nd stop being so damn annoying.

[@dpuyu]

Pluto is still a planet in my heart

[@sindelscat9336]

Exactly what my sister says

[@benwilliams647]

I agree

[@Anuhea_Silverheart]

I agree!

[@thesandqueen2559]

Pluto is a planet. The leader of the dwarf planets.😊

[@sindelscat9336]

@@thesandqueen2559 I thought that was Eris

[@wangshuntian]

that makes me feel even much more respect to the guy who found pluto.

[@TheRandomDave]

Clyde Tombaugh

[@olddecimal2736]

Flagstaff Arizona

[@GizzyDillespee]

He gave a keynote at Stellafane 30 or so years ago... The story he told, of Pluto's discovery, will always be part of astronomy history. I don't remember any hecklers complaining that he didn't actually discover a planet, during his talk. But nerds can be sticklers about minutiae of definitions, and people back then still recognized that Pluto was somewhat different from the other outer planets... and people suspected that we might find more distant plutos with strange orbits, but so what.

[@neutraltral8757]

Looking at the two images (featured ~11:46), I find it interesting that the one on the left seems brighter compared to the one on the right. I wonder if that aided or hindered the comparison... or perhaps didn't impact it at all? Looking at the images without a "blink comparator" (or any other aid), Pluto stands out a bit in the right image as a bright dot that should have been even brighter in the left image. Instead, it is absent... at least at the same spot in the photo. Given that the right image appears darker, one might make the general statement that points of light on the right should appear even brighter on the left. Similarly, dim points on the left might not appear at all on the right. Conversely, if there is a bright spot on the right, one would expect it to NOT be dimmer on the left. Having said that, take a look at the right hand image and note the point of light that is approximately 32% from the left edge of the image and about 6% from the top edge of the image. As another point of reference, one of the brightest spots in the image is almost directly down from it while the other of the brightest spots is to the "east southeast" of it. Being on the right hand image, one would expect it to be on the left hand image and probably appearing even brighter in the left hand image. However, that spot of light is absent from the left hand image. I'm sure this isn't the first time someone's observed this difference over the last 90+ years, but I would be curious to know if there's a known explanation for it. There's one other difference that I can see that defies my expectations that is in the same general area. In the left-hand image, find what I called earlier "one of the brightest spots in the image", roughly 33% from the left and 30% from the top. If you travel "north northeast" of that spot, you'll find a spot of medium brightness (less than half the diameter of the aforementioned "brightest spot", but still much brighter than most spots). If you keep following the same "north northeast" line you'll soon see yet another spot, not as bright as the "medium brightness" spot. This is the Spot of Note. Close to the left of it are two even smaller spots, one "west northwest", the other "west southwest" of the Spot of Note. To emphasize, these two spots are smaller, yet they are visible in the right hand image. However, the Spot of Note (which should theoretically be brighter than those two spots) does not appear in the right hand image.

[@olddecimal2736]

Weird that time stamps don’t seem to work…

[@Релёкс84]

3:21 very important visualisation, and a lot of people would benefit from watching that section in general. Galaxies aren't small, they're dim. Hubble's power is not in its ability to squint, but its attention span.

[@jxq12]

Hubble if it was gen z ☠️☠️☠️

[@SkippysBacon]

Today I learned.

[@ahmadsantoso9712]

Of course the galaxies are big, so big... since when are the galaxies small?

[@KirbyZhang]

@@ahmadsantoso9712 they're not small in the sky

[@antoniobrown8726]

can't be for real, how do you control something billions of miles away? going away from the sun with, plummeting temps I thought it was so-called meteors and space debris out there how does it deal with those temps, fuel, maintenance. How do you control let alone communicate with something that far from earth and the sun. if so-called pluto was real it would be a ball of ice.

[@eelponna3145]

Pluto was such a surprise - many predicted that it would be a cold, dark, bland and inactive rock but it turned out to be a very strange and complex body with active surface features.

[@tb9662]

Like only if you were born when Pluto was still a planet

[@HunterTheglitch]

I wasn’t born till a year later 😕

[@Jubes83]

If it's any consolation do the Pluto fans, it went from being the smallest planet to the king of the dwarf planets.

[@aporifera]

Honestly I think being so special to the point of warranting a change to the current system of classification is more remarkable than just a planetary status.

[@Jellyman1129]

That’s like saying going from the poorest millionaire to the richest homeless person is an upgrade. 😂

[@robo3007]

I think Eris would be a better candidate for king of the dwarf planets, seeing as it has more mass

[@Jellyman1129]

@@robo3007 Eris is the *queen* of the dwarf planets because it’s the most massive, but Pluto is the *king* of the dwarf planets because it’s the biggest and the most famous.

[@SeanSinclair821]

​@@Jellyman1129The Plutoids are awesome! Pluto is proud to be the king of them and the thing they're all named after

[@bullettube9863]

My grand-daughter asked me several years ago "why did they name Pluto after the Disney character". I had to explain that it was the reverse, Disney named Mickey's dog after Pluto the same year it was discovered in 1930. She is in college now and is a lot better informed then she used to be!

[@bazingacurta2567]

Pluto is actually another name for the ancient Greek underworld god Hades.

[@ahmadsantoso9712]

Give her a lollipop 🍭

[@Yahislove-o8h]

Pluto was a planet when it gave the world success. Now its not a planet when nations falling😂😂😂

[@eryntodd]

This is so sweet! The memories of growing up:) I’m glad she’s doing well & informed now, lol!

[@Thinkdragon1982]

She’s actually probably worse off now than she was then. 🎉

[@realvanman1]

Pluto being demoted from planet status had rather annoyed me as I grew up solidly with nine planets. But now that I know that the demotion is due to the discovery of an entire other asteroid belt, I feel privileged to have lived during the time of that discovery. Thanks for the education!

[@Jellyman1129]

The discovery of the Kuiper Belt isn’t what led to Pluto’s demotion. What led to Pluto’s demotion was a bunch of inexperienced astronomers being scared of having the number of planets reach double digits. It was an irrational and unscientific move. Pluto is a planet.

[@amandamiller94]

Agreed

[@binhturtle179]

​@@ajaynair2636 thing is, at the time of its discovery, Pluto was the only Kuiper Belt object that we knew of. We thought it was the one and only, and thus was befitting to be called a planet. If we discovered Pluto first among the Asteroid Belt, then further discovery would also lead to the demotion of Pluto by the discovery of the A Belt, too. Not too dissimilar from the so called "planets" in the 1800s textbooks when we only knew of a few object in the Asteroid Belt that were also later demoted.

[@mykoniichistorychannel]

I’m still salty, though.

[@Jellyman1129]

@@binhturtle179 Disvovering an asteroid belt doesn’t invalidate the planetary features of Pluto. Nearby asteroids have never demoted a planet, so why would the order of discovery make a difference?

[@j.p.ijsblok5304]

The fact that Pluto is classified as a dwarf planet doesn't make it any less beautiful. And since it revealed it's hard it means it still loves us.

[@sweetmusic3821]

" ... revealed its HEART ... "

[@antonimartinez9961]

Pluto makes **me** hard

[@walterhelm8186]

Admittedly, Pluto is on the border between a planet and a Kuiper Belt object, but I still think it is large enough and similar enough to a planet to still be considered our ninth planet.

[@Why79-dx4rf]

Pluto is not, and cannot be the 9th planet, as even if you incorrectly call Pluto a planet, you would then have to call all of the other dwarf planets planets, which includes some closer to the sun like ceres, pushing Pluto down the list.

[@saintuk70]

The tiramisu dwarf-planet with a heart. I think it's fascinating and the fact it's active is really exciting - what else is out there.

[@kohlinoor]

Tiramisu-flavoured or coloured?

[@fiveiron2547]

@@kohlinoorIdiot.

[@edwarddore7617]

Send Wallace and Gromit, they discovered the moon didn't really taste like cheese.

[@fredhurst2528]

@@edwarddore7617 Crackin' cheese, Gromit.

[@spoliedbratzchannel]

Humans with the Pluto birth mark 🤎🎉

[@mialotusmusic]

Someone should make a VR or AR program to view galaxies more brightly, would be amazing! You could shift from visible light to infrared etc

[@banu6301]

I mean there is Space engine, but I'm not sure if it does everything you said here

[@mialotusmusic]

@@banu6301 cool, sounds interesting! I'll look into it thanks

[@DrMackSplackem]

You're on to something.

[@GraveUypo]

we're going to need waaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaay better passthrough cameras

[@rinnegone377]

​@@GraveUypoalso needs a decent lowlight performance to match our vision

[@briancohen-doherty4392]

A tour of the dwarf planets would be fun

[@AceCmbatguy25]

Agreed!

[@Lone432345]

I can't wait for the International Astronomical Union downgrade Peter Dinklage from Human to Dwarf Human. And then say has no longer a Human.

[@novacatzero]

@@KZbinHarborsLUNATICSyour profile picture is extremely fitting

[@oilersridersbluejays]

You mean “Planets That Are Past Neptune That No One Wants To Admit Are Planets”?

[@ortherner]

@@KZbinHarborsLUNATICSthen Ceres should be to.

[@Atheistically69]

I remember my daughter drawing Pluto in her school Science text book on a page containing information about eight planets of the Solar System and self reinstating it as the ninth planet . She was 9 then.

[@josephwarra5043]

The big heart on Pluto shows that even if you don't love Pluto, Pluto still loves you.

[@borisbabich]

New Horizons was one of the most exciting things, of many, that humanity did in space.

[@crxtodd16]

Agreed, along with the Huygens lander from the Cassini mission, landing on Titan. Images from both New Horizons and Huygens blew my mind.

[@borisbabich]

@@crxtodd16 I'm (unfortunately) old enough to remember black and white TV transmissions of astronauts on the Moon. It's definitely the latter missions and in color, but we had a BW TV :) That was exciting and marked me for life/ So the Artemis stuff is also moving my blood.

[@chrisgristle]

@@borisbabichyou should consider yourself fortunate, you were witness to some of the first moments in human history when we were visiting another world

[@borisbabich]

@chrisgristle7014 I do. And it has marked me, my imagination, and it fuelled my love for the cosmos. But I regret the decades lost and wonder what else I'll get to see before I go off after the Voyagers. 😊

[@Yahislove-o8h]

Pluto was a planet when it gave the world success. Now its not a planet when nations falling😂😂😂

[@raybeauvais296]

Every generation before us really had no idea how any of the planets actually looked in "Natural Light" 😉; and now every generation after us can spend their time on new questions.🧐 It has been an incredible 60 years! 🤯🤯 Thank you for these essays.

[@DM-kl4em]

I cannot even begin to describe how excited I was about the New Horizons images of Pluto. I remember seeing a picture of Pluto in 1995, at a field trip to the planetarium. It was white, highly pixellated, and looked almost like an upside-down snowman with the moon Charon underneath it. This was believed to be Pluto's ONLY moon at the time.

[@mariorebhan914]

This is so incredibly calming!!! Thank you very much!!

[@54032Zepol]

I used Pluto for my speech at college,broke down it's founding, why it was an important find both before and after photos with the new horizon satellite and what makes up Pluto

[@TheGhostGuitars]

05:35 There's another reason why Earth-based (both on or near Earth) telescopes have hard time imaging Pluto that Alex didn't mention: The galaxies and stars are sources of lights (IR to UV to Radio and higher wavelengths) thus they are easier to see, versus Pluto which is mostly (99.99+%) illuminated by what little amounts of sunlight that managed to reach Pluto AND reflects off it back to Earth. That rule about light getting weaker the further light travels applies to BOTH travel directions out from the Sun to Pluto AND back to Earth. This coupled with the incredibly tiny apparant relative size in the sky makes Pluto so durned hard to see. PS: the remaining

[@Struckgold]

I love this stuff but have difficulty grasping the distances and sizes, so the garden analogy really helped me understand better.

[@Kevs442]

Welcome to astronomy! We all struggle at times to wrap our minds around distance in space.

[@ustmissouri8029]

The thing people dont realize is that if you were magically placed outside our galaxy, with your back to our galaxy, you might see a faint smudge or two. Other than that it would be unending darkness.

[@Safetytrousers]

In dark places the sky is awash with stars and celestial bodies at night on Earth. If you were in space you would see that even better.

[@xx8836]

False. You have failed in your attempt at being sciency. Realize that.

[@ustmissouri8029]

@Safetytrousers With your back to our galaxy.

[@Safetytrousers]

@@ustmissouri8029 I did miss that, but what you would see would be many other galaxies as their light would be clear against the blackness. Four other galaxies can be seen from Earth with the naked eye.

[@ustmissouri8029]

@Safetytrousers Hence the faint smudge or two.... or .... I think we're both on the same page though.

[@thatrandomredengine9430]

Why is Pluto the cutest planet? ❤

[@ack7]

Pluto is honestly one of my favourite dwarf planets, right up there with Haumea, Makemake, Eris, Ceres, and Sedna

[@ahmadsantoso9712]

Don't forget the cakecake and appleapple too.

[@rais1953]

To me the main interest of Ceres over the other dwarf planets is that it's accessible. It's already been thoroughly mapped and examined by an orbiting spacecraft and it's not much farther out and colder than Mars so it could be a better target for human exploration than Mars where much stronger gravity makes leaving so much harder.

[@timkdiamond]

Best space science channel on KZbin. Every video is extremely well written and presented. Congrats Alex. Job well done. 👍

[@apemancommeth8087]

I’d love to collect space soil from a local rocky body and grow something in it! Or bring earth soil to another rocky body and learn how the microbes evolve under a variety of conditions

[@oberonpanopticon]

Good luck growing something in what’s basically dust made of broken glass, or getting microbes to survive without liquid water

[@idiothoved]

​@@oberonpanopticon yeah totally it's not like when you grow something you give it water or anything

[@zarahalora7567]

pretty sure there'd be alot of radiaion on that.

[@oberonpanopticon]

@@zarahalora7567 Irradiated ≠ radioactive Not all the time, at least

[@cgourin]

Do you understand how on our life infested earth, different soils impact greatly what can grow on it? Well the most baron place on earth lets say your bleached microwave constantly running for a century at the top of mount Everest is a more appropriate place for life than the best place and time on Mars.

[@danielhowell5758]

I just wanted to say a general thank you for all of your videos and the amount of effort and time you put into them it doesn’t go unnoticed

[@VladR1024]

Hopefully, this particular video, didn't actually teach you anything new, as all these concepts are brutally simple and unless you watch 1 astronomy vid per year, nothing in this vid should be remotely new - this is basically kindergarten common sense stuff (perhaps except the IAU, though the reasoning behind dethroning Pluto has been rehashed hundreds times (for obvious reasons))

[@djdoo]

I also grew up with 9 planets scheme and felt sad when Pluto lost the title planet... Surely with the introduction of the term dwarf planet a lot of other small neighbors in the system got an identity, like Ceres let's say, but Pluto is not a spherical rock like the other dwarf planets I know of! It is active geothermically, it has atmosphere and maybe it is even more alive than we think, certainly far more interesting than Mercury which is considered a planet being just a spherical rock orbiting the Sun, no moons no nothing. Pluto is a dual planetary system with many small moons and an orbit of its own... A unique situation in the neighborhood! Pluto will be forever a planet in my heart now even more after we all saw Pluto's beautiful white heart drawn on its bright red soil! Cheers from Greece! Great video as always. Jim

[@benmcreynolds8581]

Once i saw detailed images of Pluto my mind was blown! I was not expecting that level of geological diversity, mineralization, signs of geologic activity, etc. Pluto has proven to be one of the most dynamic objects in our solar system. Only a few moons come close to Pluto's features. It makes me wonder what systems are fueling these dynamic aspects on Pluto? Is it tidal forces? Is it chemical reactions between different minerals? Is it certain elements that transition between solid ice form/liquid form/etc. depending on the pressure, friction, temperature it's experiencing? I'm really hoping to see a lot more research being done there. Pluto is s million times more interesting than Mars. Something that far away from the sun, it's amazing it's got interesting stuff occuring at all. I feel like there is a lot we can learn from Pluto.

[@AmaraJordanMusic]

Those are really great questions ! 😊

[@K9River]

Interesting thoughts.

[@HappyBeezerStudios]

The question is, are those ongoing processes or just the aftermath of something in the past.

[@TlalocTemporal]

Four theories: 1. Pluto is still differentiating, like Earth did during the Hadian. 2. Pluto had a significant change in it's orbit in the last few million years. Perhaps getting almost captured by Neptune from being a long period comet, and the constant solar radiation has allowed it to begin to differentiate. 3. Pluto had a massive collision in the last few million years, perhaps being the origin of Charon too. 4. Due to some quirk of how our rare ordered solar system formed, Pluto happens to have an outsized amount of radioactive materials. Pluto is a big RTG.

[@MangroveLord]

Yeah, I'm gonna be honest I was let down by astrum answering questions such simple questions, from title I thought it was gonna be more about this stuff

[@sarahschneider5396]

I loved this video, alot of times we have questions, so it's nice to have someone put the answers in simple terms. Loved it! Keep it up

[@awfullufwa]

5:37 In this one scenario you should be pronouncing Charon as Sharon despite the relation to the Greek ferryman to the underworld. James Christy, the discoverer of Charon, wanted to name it after his wife Charlene (pronounced Sharlene) but obviously he couldn't name it Charlene due to naming conventions around Greek and Roman gods for celestial bodies. So the decision was Charon pronounced Sharon. NASA uses his pronunciation. All astrophiles ought know this story.

[@totalermist]

That's why I keep calling Uranus "George", just as Herschel intended ;)

[@nerdbert]

Which ironically brings it closer to the pronunciation of Charon in (ancient) greek. I first didn’t get the name until I saw it written out and then I thought neat, just like the ferryman.

[@sweetmusic3821]

I think the British opt for the Greek pronunciation and they don't feel bound to follow the pronunciation of the Americans or NASA.

[@eliasmondino]

I like to define a planet as a permanent solar system body with more than 2000 km diameter. The list of 17 planets would look like this: ORBIT AROUND THE SUN: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, Eris ORBIT ANOTHER PLANET: Moon, Ganymede, Callisto, Io, Europa, Titan, Triton I think this would encourage children and everyone to learn and amaze more at our solar system bodies, despite what they orbit around

[@Darkfawfulx]

Moons orbit planets though.

[@ChristomirRackov]

You listed only 16, not 17.

[@eliasmondino]

@@ChristomirRackov count again!

[@eliasmondino]

​@@Darkfawfulx the biggest moons can totally be planets orbiting other planets

[@Darkfawfulx]

@eliasmondino I feel like it's a meaningful difference for categorization. Honestly it wouldn't bother me for a planet to be something that orbits the Sun that is gravitationally rounded.

[@noahbody5987]

no planet has cleared it's neighborhood around it's orbit

[@Релёкс84]

Not until you realize what that term actually implies.

[@Jellyman1129]

@@Релёкс84There are three different definitions for the criterion. *Nobody* knows what the heck it’s supposed to mean!

[@orwellboy1958]

Excellent presentation as usual. Thank you for answering questions I didn't know I had. Merry Christmas and a prosperous New Year to one and all.

[@billthecat7536]

Totally agree!

[@Dad......]

I don't know what you normally make, but MORE LIKE THIS PLEASE.

[@MageSkeleton]

The world needed the visual demonstration of center of gravity using a stick, a squash, and a kiwi. Thank you for that.

[@mikkokivisto4414]

Pluto kicks ass. Hyped for the Titan drone thingy!

[@CloudsAndDays]

Pluto and Charon are my favorite astral bodies. They’re very endearing, dancing around each other, somewhere so dark and quiet. Their private little corner of space. So private and comfortable in their privacy, and still so full of love. I don’t think Pluto’s heart is for us. We don’t know it intimately enough for that.

[@fiveiron2547]

Jesus H. It isn’t porn, fella. Simmer down.

[@lanimulrepus]

Excellent video... Nice to see a clear picture of Pluto without his ears...

[@deanedge5988]

Superb - thank you for the understanding you have brought me over this orbit of the sun.

[@brown2889]

Neptune and Uranus really interest me because I wonder if there is some superfluid happening in their atmospheres. They are pretty far away from the Sun so they might be cold enough.

[@TheSylvorSaylor]

If we were to fill the IAU’s criteria, Earth technically wouldn’t be a planet either because the IAU says that a planet needs to clear its orbit. Our orbit is far from clear as we hit debris from space thousands of times each day.

[@Jellyman1129]

That’s right. Jupiter doesn’t have a clear orbit either. It’s a broken definition that makes no sense.

[@BronzeGiant]

Pluto was, is and will always be a planet.....

[@TheGhostGuitars]

07:25 Another object that has a noticable wobble around a barycenter is the Earth Moon system, which is located about 1000 miles under your feet (OR put another way, about 2900 miles from the Earth's center, which is about 75% of Earth's radius). No other planets besides Pluto has a barycenter that's a noticable distance away from the planet's core. That's because no other two objects in the Solar System involving a Planet has such large relative masses between the planet and it's satellite. Except for Jupiter and the Sun, where the roles are swapped with Jupiter being the satellite around the Sun. The Sun/Jupiter barycenter is JUST above the Sun's surface at around 30,271 miles (or 107% of the Solar radius).

[@wanderingdoc5075]

Barycenter expert?

[@xx8836]

Uranus has a wobble too...when you run.

[@jakegarvin7634]

Here's a hot take, not only is Pluto still a planet, but Charon is too! Hail the binary planets Pluto and Charon!

[@commodorezero]

The issue with this if Pluto becomes a planet Charon most likely will not meet the new bar for planethood unless they go with the dwarf planet definition which they won't cause theres too many of them. Being a binary system doesn't make the junior partner a planet they still are judged individually. Charon is a dwarf planet moon even if Pluto becomes a planet because if Charon wasn't a moon it'd be a dwarf planet.

[@declaringpond2276]

​@@commodorezerowell the terms are arbitrary, they're all large terrestrial rock bodies.

[@shadenox8164]

@@declaringpond2276 Of course they're arbitrary. Everything we do with classifying things in science is arbitrary that's why people need to stop being so precious about it when these things need to be adjusted to make them more useful. Pluto's new category literally also has the term plutoid, they literally made its name the term for the category and people still can't let that change go.

[@robertcampbell7662]

Pluto is probably the reason we’re all here and all these scientists just threw it away…

[@Emdee5632]

Reclassified. Not thrown away.

[@wizpsy4051]

Lol

[@Vix2066]

PLUTO IS A PLANET AND ALWAYS WILL BE

[@novacatzero]

NOOOOOO YOU SHATTERED THE ENTIRE PLUTO’S NOT A PLANET ARGUEMENT 😮😮😢

[@AfroGalactiKa]

100% a dwarf planet. Like little people are still humans

[@Vix2066]

@@AfroGalactiKa exactly.

[@jeffreyknight3884]

Damn right...

[@ChristomirRackov]

Then what are Eris and Makemake, in your opinion? Are they also planets? How many planets do you think there are in the Solar System?

[@Jasper_Seven]

I'd like to know more about the motions of all the dwarf planets and potential collisions or orbital changes that could potentially occur.

[@sudazima]

the IAU is very slow with giving out dwarf planet titles officially but theres roughly 4 types in the kuiper belt (not counting ceres, from most to least found): cubewanos: or classical kuiper belt objects, fairly close fairly circular orbits mostly. including makemake and haumea resonance kuiper belt objects: they have a resonance orbit with neptune, some are more common and got a fancy name. plutinos have a 2/3 resonance for example and include pluto, twotinos ahve a 1/2 resonance. same fairly close but tend to have higher inclinations scattered disk: objects with high inclination and eccentricity. usually further out, this includes eris the heaviest dwarf planet known. the last category is very sparse and goes by several names like detached disk, extreme scattered disk, sednoids, inner oort cloud objects or hill cloud object. these are far away and sometimes have very extreme eccentricities or inclinations depending on the type and include sedna there are hundreds of these things known, most dont even have names. they run the gamut of being pretty big to snowball sized.

[@rhonafenwick5643]

In terms of orbital changes, one specific interesting example is Neptune's largest moon Triton, which was probably ejected from the Kuiper Belt and then captured by Neptune's gravity. Physically, Triton is incredibly similar to Pluto and any future mission to Neptune would have the fringe benefit of basically being able to study a second Kuiper Belt object for free

[@agtlewis]

Pluto is a planet bro.

[@Jellyman1129]

Of course it is. Votes don’t determine scientific facts.

[@CafeSquirrel]

@@Jellyman1129 Covid clearly taught us that votes clearly make scientific facts...

[@Jellyman1129]

@@CafeSquirrel Only if you listen to politicians.

[@allenchristopher7290]

Long live planet Pluto

[@918kickinwing]

Why do we claim to know about planets when we barely leave town?

[@venkat.dillu.]

At least our mind can enjoy it

[@alabamacajun7791]

Q: Five: why don't we yet recognize that Pluto and Charon made physical contact? If people get mad at my question then look into how Sputnik Planitia formed and Charon has a huge red stain that does not look like a deposit from floating dust.

[@kevinjosephvillaroya6703]

Our late doggo's name is Pluto. And I miss her so much

[@js70371]

This is one my favorite KZbin channels 💫🙏

[@sonofjak1971]

I'd love to see a video about New Horizons post Pluto? Great video as ever.

[@noahbody5987]

Pluto's status as a planet was changed but should not have been. The rule that the IAU instituted was actually offered up years before and was struck down and should not have been brought back up. And when the IAU voted on the rules to describe what constituted a planet , it was during a week long seminar and the subject wasn't on the itinerary until after most of the group that was there had left (most of the American astronomers). Then, when they left, that's when the subject came up and was then voted on. Basically, a case of planetary apartheid.

[@Jellyman1129]

It’s a classic case of voter fraud. The IAU wanted to get their way, so they made the vote secretive with a small sample size. They brought up the “clearing the neighborhood” criterion because that would help them keep the total number of planets limited and remove the small planets beyond Neptune. That criterion was initially deemed unscientific centuries beforehand because it came from astrology, but the IAU used it anyway. So now ASTRONOMERS are using a planet definition from ASTROLOGY. It’s unscientific, but they use it anyway. Their excuse is that if we use the scientific definition, there’d be “too many” planets to memorize. It’s a laughing stock and an embarrassment to science. 🤦🏻‍♂️

[@Downecker]

I didn't know that " everyone " even had any opinion about Pluto ! I didn't have any opinion at all!😂😂

[@jasontoddman7265]

On question 1, there is a second important factor making stars and galaxies more visible than objects like Pluto that you did not mention. They glow by their own light, Pluto does not, and the light it gets from the sun is pretty dim - much dimmer than something slowing with the light of billions of suns. The difference would be even greater were it not for all the vast empty space in between those stars.

[@taitano12]

While I fully accept and approve of Pluto's Dwarf Planet status, it will always be a planet in my heart. 🥰

[@bloodyneptune]

Dont accept it, that's what they _want_

[@oberonpanopticon]

@@bloodyneptune if Pluto is a planet then what about ceres, vesta, Pallas, eris, Haumea, makemake, gonggong, quaoar, orcus, Sedna, ixion, salacia, Varuna, chaos, 2002 MS4 and the other hundred or so objects of similar size? dwarf planet is just another kind of celestial body, like how Jupiter is a gas giant and Neptune is an ice giant.

[@commodorezero]

@@oberonpanopticon They are not similar size though thats the whole reason people are upset. Out of those 100 objects Eris is the only one of a similar size to Pluto and they are substantially bigger than the other dwarf planets. Both Eris and Pluto have moons which would be dwarf planets if they weren't moons.

[@oberonpanopticon]

@@commodorezero Have you looked at the sizes of haumea, makemake and gongong recently? They are larger in comparison to pluto than mars is in comparison to earth

[@commodorezero]

@@oberonpanopticon Earth is 10 times the mass of Mars and twice the radius. The Earth and Mars are not twins. Also Haumea/possibly Sedna is the biggest of the other 98(lets say there's 98 for the sake of argument)dwarf planets and candidates. What about the rest of them? Eris and Pluto clearly stand out from that group. The crowd saying "Pluto is just 1 of many similar objects in the Kuiper Belt" are simply wrong.

[@MassielRoss]

Still a planet in my ❤

[@Vaille32]

I have questions about Pluto.

[@ThisHandleFeatureIsStupid]

I have answers about non-Pluto. ...we don't seem to have a compatible situation here. 😕

[@architaanand3136]

It has a heart looking out to the universe. It's still a planet for most.

[@lynngatrell7965]

Pluto is a planet. Now, FIGHT ME!

[@SaneGuyFr]

Pluto will never be forgotten ✊

[@llewelynshingler2173]

But it must be remembered for what it is.

[@54032Zepol]

Pluto is a planet! You can give it the honorable title.

[@llewelynshingler2173]

The Sky is Green! You can give it the honourable colour

[@Jellyman1129]

@@llewelynshingler2173Definitely not.

[@llewelynshingler2173]

@@Jellyman1129 Why? Giving incorrect statements because "Its the Honourable quality" is the Cool American Thing.

[@Jellyman1129]

@@llewelynshingler2173 No no, giving incorrect statements because “we voted on it” is an IAU thing.

[@llewelynshingler2173]

@@Jellyman1129 They are the Governing Body, they are the Makers of the Definitions.

[@lancemcclung3991]

Pluto was, is and will always be a planet even after our sun goes from red giant to white dwarf.

[@elleej3050]

the last rule to make a planet sounds like it was made specifically so pluto doesn’t become one lol 😭

[@Jellyman1129]

It WAS made specifically to exclude Pluto. That’s why it’s a dumb definition.

[@LendriMujina]

People get really worked up about arbitrary classifications. When those New Horizons images were first released, the questions I kept seeing around at the time - mostly on Tumblr - were some variation of, "Does that mean it's a planet again?" with a usually implied but sometimes stated "If it isn't, then why are you paying attention to it?" Usually out of confusion, but occasionally with a tone of "Checkmate, so-called 'scientists'". To this day, people get weirdly hostile about it. To paraphrase one KZbin comment that stuck with me, it said the only reason for Pluto's declassification was "some nerd was just mad that the space rock they discovered wouldn't be a planet".

[@novacatzero]

you are so right, it’s honestly sad that people get so worked up about something that doesn’t even make pluto less important

[@shadenox8164]

@@novacatzero Hell another term for dwarf planet is plutoid. The category its in is literally named after it. Like what's more important being the smallest planet or the first in a new category?

[@Jellyman1129]

Classifications aren’t supposed to be arbitrary, that’s the point. People are upset at the IAU for making taxonomy a democratic process instead of a scientific process.

[@mechanickitten]

I don't care what anyone says, lil baby Pluto is still a planet, it's the 9th one 🥺

[@dalias12]

exactly. i consider ceres one too.

[@huverdoose]

If you meet someone you thought was a person and find out they are a dwarf person, are they not still a person?

[@oberonpanopticon]

It’s almost as if dwarf is just a prefix

[@huverdoose]

@@oberonpanopticon Or that the IAU are bigoted.

[@oberonpanopticon]

@@huverdoose that is the dumbest thing I have heard today

[@MrFrankfurt13]

5:15 I believe this was explained in Father Ted with some plastic cows...

[@madcinder257]

If all galaxies close to us were bright enough to be visible to the naked eye. Beautiful, yes, sure, but I have another word for it. LET ME SLEEP

[@HappyBeezerStudios]

For me it doesn't matter if Pluto is a planet or not. But what matters is that the rules are simple and don't make special cases just for nostalgia's sake. Like when Ceres was discovered in 1801 as 8th planet, Pallas in 1802 as 9th planet, Juno in 1804 as 10th planet and Vesta in 1807 as 11th planet. And it took almost a century for them to universally be referred to as asteroids. And the TNO situation is basically the same. We find more and more object since it's discovery in 1930 that all fulfill the same conditions. So just like in the early 19th century we had growing a number of planets in the late 20th century. So there is no way to have "just" 9 planets. If we accept Pluto, then it and Charon are have to be considered a double planet (because of their barycenter, and by some definition even the Moon), Ceres, Eris, Haumea, Makemake and Gonggong as well and we'd end up with at least 15 planets.

[@Lone432345]

Imagine if you applied the IAU Logic to biology. Any Human who was either Taller or Shorter than the Average Human. Would have to be considered a different species. That just fucking dumb. They even call the planets that not in the Solor Systems, Exo Planets. What they really think where that special.

[@shadenox8164]

Also the term for dwarf planets is plutoid. They literally named the category after Pluto. It seems to me they handled needing to clarify the terms pretty well and even tried to appease the people they knew who would be upset by naming the category after Pluto.

[@n0ah711]

PLUTO = PLANET

[@Jellyman1129]

You = correct.

[@leightonrushing377]

Agreed!!

[@ThisHandleFeatureIsStupid]

Settle down, Jerry Smith.

[@MeecroSkills]

nothing like learning something when you are 5 and refusing to change your mind no matter what.

[@wizpsy4051]

Nope

[@JohnShields-xx1yk]

In school we had models of our solar system, the 9 PLANET has always been my favorite, the most outer planet, small but it has a certain personality, to me anyway.

[@ivancota9762]

there is a really really interesting moon out there called Iapetus. I highly recommend you to find out more and maybe make a video about it.

[@DrMackSplackem]

Yeah I agree, that one's a sleeper.

[@marcokite]

The definition about a planet having to clear its orbit is unscientific and random.

[@joes3689]

All great information. My only issue is that my wife's college professor stated in one of her courses that the term "naked eye" is not the correct term for eyes without aid. The term that should be used is "an unaided eye," meaning obviously the eye without any aid. Unfortunately, this drives her crazy because everyone uses the term incorrectly. I told her I believe it is because people like to say naked.😂

[@cleanerben9636]

Pluto is a planet

[@novacatzero]

and you have a brain

[@zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz736]

You sound like a Spanish AI that's attempting to imitate a British boy

[@novacatzero]

damn

[@akiyamach]

Pluto is a planet, and those who think otherwise are just wrong! 😂

[@Jellyman1129]

That’s correct! ✅

[@thomasayresol]

Pluto, the Rodney Dangerfield of planets.

[@wheresthepizza]

PLUTO IS A PLANET

[@dnjj1845]

Neptune never cleared Pluto from its orbit, that makes Neptune a dwarf planet.

[@kempmt1]

Pluto is still my favorite planet, and it made me happy to know that it’s not a cold dead rock like the moon.

[@Neptoons-]

Another great video about my favorite minor planet!

[@Baldev]

@Neptoons - Hmm, "minor"... Is that what the "PC" crowd calls it today? Hmm? XD Kidding. Me too.

[@Paul_Rohde]

I would like a video of how bright the planets look from each other, as if we were on them. I assume the brightest would be seeing Venus when on Mercury. If Venus had a clear atmosphere I assume seeing Earth from it would be the next brightest. Having our view of Venus, Jupiter and Mars as a reference for each view would be helpful. Nobody has seemed to have done this comparative viewpoint.

[@eupher2]

I grew up with Pluto being a Planet. To me it will always be a Planet. Just because it's smaller then it's moon, and has a strange orbit, shouldn't mean it's not a Planet. Before people tell me. Yes I'm aware Pluto was discovered to have more then one moon, but Charon is the only one that matters.

[@phayzyre1052]

My friend, you’re not alone in that sentiment. I to grew up being taught Pluto was a planet and it will always be a planet to me.

[@humphreybumblecuck5151]

I miss the “anything rounded by it’s own gravity” the “too many” argument was sad. They should be separated as major and minor planets but should both still be considered planets.

[@Jellyman1129]

Any sub-stellar celestial object in hydrostatic equilibrium should be a planet. That’s how the experts define them. This gives us hundreds of planets in the Solar System! The whole argument of having “too many” planets is nonsense.

[@projectmayhem6898]

We could have minor 7th planets but that could diminish my point, strike a bad chord with some people, and be difficult to sustain.

[@ChristomirRackov]

That is OK - if you want, you can say there are hundreds of planets, and then Pluto, Eris, Makemake, would indeed be listed in that category too. BUT then there will still be a subcategory of that - Main planets, or whatever you wanna call them. And they would still be only 8, not 9, because Pluto would not belong to them. There is no way that you or the Pluto fans can twist this to somehow make it true that Pluto belongs with the other 8 (no matter what you call them), BUT Eris, Makemake and the others dont - that would not make any sense and would simply contradict what science has found out about them. If Pluto belongs, then those others belong too. So, you see, it is not a question of whether we call Pluto a PLANET or not, and how many planets there are in the Solar System - that is just arguing semantics, and doesnt matter. What matters is which other Solar System bodies it should be grouped with, and that question has been resolved - definitely NOT with those 8 (not matter if they are called planets, main planets or whatever). There simply isnt that group of 9 that people thought there were, from 1930 to 2006, because of Pluto being lucky to be randomly discovered 70 years before the others of its actual group :)

[@humphreybumblecuck5151]

@@Jellyman1129 it's a pun my friend. Look up major and minor 7th

[@Durwood71]

As far as I'm concerned, Pluto will always be a planet simply because otherwise it would mess up the neumonic I learned in high school for the order of the planets from the Sun outward: "Mark's very extravagant mother just sent us ninety parakeets."

[@raymondaquino8126]

Since childhood Pluto was taught to be a planet which we can never forget.

[@memelurcio]

Always picking on the little ones. Go Pluto! You’ve got this. Don’t let them demote you.

[@DLiberator78]

I still think of Pluto as a planet. The 3rd criteria is dubious. I love your videos. Keep up the great work.

[@Kralamelo]

Pluto is not a planet Jupiter is the biggest planet in this solar system (let's call him the middle point for being the bigger) , and between jupiter and his star(the sun) the biggest planet is earth (in the internal zone of the solar system) And pluto is smaller than earth So it's not a planet in this solar system with my personal criteria

[@Jellyman1129]

This is a joke, right? Because Pluto is closer in size to Earth than Earth is to Jupiter.

[@Kralamelo]

@@Jellyman1129 that doesn't matter

[@Jellyman1129]

@@Kralamelo It definitely does. You said yourself that size matters.

[@Kralamelo]

@@Jellyman1129 yes, it matters, but being close or not, it doesn't matter U can't make a planet every asteroid of another solar system just because "it's close"

[@Jellyman1129]

@@Kralamelo I never said anything about asteroids being planets. I’m saying you shouldn’t use size as the ONLY metric for defining a planet.

[@matthewapplegarth8143]

Whenever I see astronomy sets that have "8" planets I say "well that's wrong."

[@theeasypeasysquad4169]

All i learnt was, its humiliating to be classified as asteroids. Maybe that's why they come for revenge 😂

[@astrumspace]

This is answering some of the most asked and liked questions I've found on my Pluto videos. I'm interested to hear if you like this format, and if you'd enjoy more videos like this exploring your questions. Find Pluto time where you are here: plutotime.app/ (the website on NASA I used originally when making the video has sadly closed down, but this seems to be a good alternative. I'm not affiliated with this website.)

[@olivervision]

Just like your last 322 videos, fantastic video. Question.. Is Pluto still considered an enemy planet or was it really ever? Maybe Im thinking about Jupiter? Thanks again, Cheers.

[@ganonzero1]

I really enjoyed this format. It's really useful for helping us understand how astronomers come to the conclusions they do about these things.

[@newedgemustang7103]

I love all your videos and the Displate designs you are are very pretty. Keep up all the good work you do.

[@MemeAnt]

To ask another question in general, will you be finishing the series on spirit?

[@DrMackSplackem]

I think it's a great idea to use questions by viewers of your past content as fuel for future content.

[@stoobydootoo4098]

Get Mickey Mouse to translate.

[@edvh88]

I really appreciated the excellent explanation of the orbit and gravity pull between a smaller planet and larger moon, for instance. I also did not know the sun was influenced by Jupiter’s gravity, cool!