The Fall of Jerusalem (67-70 CE)

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Sources:
Flavius Josephus
The Jewish War
amzn.to/2zJnsNn
Flavius Josephus
Antiquities of the Jews
Available free via Project Gutenberg: www.gutenberg.org/files/2848/...
Simon Schama
The Story of the Jews: Finding the Words 1000 BCE-1492 CE
amzn.to/2Lx8lJH
0:00 The Fall of the Galilee
1:32 The Zealot Temple Siege
5:16 Simon Bar Giora
6:49 The Year of the Four Emperors
9:54 Tisha B'Av

[@TroglodyteDiner]

Unlike his predecessors Vespasian was very down-to-earth and had a famous sense of humor. Recalling the Senate's tradition of deifying deceased emperors, on his deathbed Vespasian declared "I do believe I am about to become a god!"

[@JohnDoe-rk9bx]

Interesting info thank you.

[@littleantukins4415]

*explosive diarrhea

[@Pantsinabucket]

Keep in mind he did this while dying of dysentery. He said this while shitting himself to death.

[@JasonWolfeYT]

Vespasian was thinking strategically, not tactically. He gave up a field advantage to ensure his ascension.

[@CivilWarWeekByWeek]

War in the holy land. I sure hope this doesn’t become a recurring issue.

[@bijtmntongaf]

Jewish War Week By Week

[@haroldkay6303]

Even this happened about this about 2000 years ago however this story about the fall of Jerusalem still bring tears

[@romeyjondorf]

Well, I am just happy that we once again have our independence in our ancestral homeland :D Am Yisra'el Chai!

[@gamalsaad1545]

@@romeyjondorf not for long

[@ThatOneCatto]

@@gamalsaad1545 For long

[@syedahmed8650]

@@ThatOneCatto Look at history, not for long

[@ThatOneCatto]

@@syedahmed8650 I mean, no real foe stands against Israel that can meaningfully take Jerusalem. Not even Iran. Sure, they have a lot of men, but no good navy and a terrible air force. They can't invade Israel without either.

[@TheLoyalOfficer]

I don't think that Vespasian made an error at all by waiting to take Jerusalem. He did not want to risk his army with so much unrest in Rome.

[@charlesgoldberg8121]

I have watched a few of your videos and they are terrific! These are some of the most interesting videos on Jewish history from a non religious perspective that I have ever heard. It opens an entire new perspective for the stories I studied when I was younger, and makes it so much richer. Thank you for your work!

[@louisasuta4234]

Fantastic series; thank you, Sam!

[@insaneweasel1]

Brilliant video as always!

[@Materialworld4]

Thank you Sam, I loved the production values and the narration.

[@robertallen4774]

So very sad! The story is well told, but I think of all those lives! I seem to recall that the thousands who were captured alive were enslaved in Rome to build the Colosseum. Often I think of James Joyce saying, "History is a nightmare I am struggling to awaken from."

[@brianhayes278]

Congrats on 1k

[@heidansama]

just discovered your channel it's really awesome

[@normzemke7824]

Just discovered your channel and simply had to become a patron. I love to study Jewish history, so this is perfect for me. :-)

[@littleswol1]

One of your best!

[@fernandoperez8587]

Wow very well done!

[@brettbartlett8856]

Just discovered your channel. I'm loving it at all so far. Also, I really like Death of Stalin's score too ;)

[@randomuser5868]

Best episode so far

[@ajanimation8239]

I've actually been doing research for an animated series I've been writing chronicling the events of this war and your videos on the Great Revolt have definitely been a great help. 😁🙏

[@kosherwhitewine5879]

excellent video

[@arealgem9404]

So Flavius Josifus was adopted by Vespasian !???? I CAN FINALLY GO TO SLEEP !

[@bobbystclaire]

Josephus😮

[@TheLordRichard]

That was how Romans gave citizenship to others by adopting them.

[@inferno0020]

One thing I think a lot of people forgot is that the secular reasons behind the fights over the Eastern Levant. It is an important geographic center for connecting Europe, Asia, and Africa. Population, commodities, and information flow through that part of the world constantly and it is already an important geopolitical location, with or without G-d. Religious interpretation of conflicts gave an oversimplified but relatable explanation but it is far from the best explanation. When self-branded "Atheists" and "freethinkers" taunted the idiocy of religious conflicts but refuse to acknowledge that people fought over causes other than religions, they neither enlighten the mass nor provide any practical solutions

[@tomasashenafi882]

Gave me chills

[@gedgar]

Very nice

[@Skythikon]

I love your color-coding of the parties.

[@onecertainesquire486]

I can tell from your music you have a great taste in films. Death of Stalin is great

[@MrGabeondrums]

Also good taste in video games. Zelda Wind Waker.

[@Kratos1015]

Underated channel!!!!

[@ilayohana3150]

your videos are great. im honestly surprised by their quality considering you have such a small community. i hope you get to keep it up as i greatly enjoy each of them! love from israel/

[@MegaTang1234]

This coverage of the Jewish war is Awesome! Thank you.

[@dr_monday]

Watching this before Tisha B'Av makes me really sad!

[@toraparatodos]

יישר כוח!

[@ashleypenn7845]

I'm a Christian homeschool mom with a Jewish family heritage. This video series has been a vital part of our homeschool journey. So much history presented in an easy-to-understand format. Thanks so much!

[@xlamar89]

Is it wrong this made me cry a bit?

[@k3D4rsi554maq]

Neat history of a really important time in world history.

[@RihannaIsIluminati]

Killer video

[@whitelady1063]

Maybe the next episode will be followed by a live tour at Machada?

[@SamAronow]

I’ve considered doing a series on historical sites to run alongside new episodes, but the cost of travel and restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic have made it impossible for the moment. I will go over historic battlefields that people can visit in Corrections and Fun Facts.

[@capt__v]

crying in the club rn T_T

[@heathenwizard]

…..so how often you sneaking Legend of Zelda music into your videos? :p

[@JC-qy3xi]

For a second there, I thought I was on Dragon Roost Island. Zelda music just makes a great channel even better.

[@waltervargas4121]

Did I just hear windwaker as the music?? Lmao

[@jerolvilladolid]

Did the Jewish kingdom at the time of Nero considered a rich land? Egypt, Parthia, Anatolia, and Syria were regarded by the Romans as very wealthy provinces and rival kingdoms, I wasnt sure if they viewed the Jewish lands as wealthy also or a poor backwater

[@ovasquezg23]

It's a very important strategic position to control trade in the eastern Mediterranean and being near Egypt the breadbasket of the Empire it was very important to keep it safe and under control.

[@jaystrickland4151]

Trade goods from India and China that came by boat typically went through Egypt, however Egypt is not a very defensible location it is basically flat land with a river in the middle, and could easily be conquered by cavalry based armies that know how to cross desert terrain which described Parthia to the T. So to defend Egypt Rome needed the levant which had more defensible terrain and sources of water.

[@alexandrejosedacostaneto381]

Yes. Egypt, Italy, Syria and North Africa were richer, but only because they were larger than Judea. On a per capita basis, Judea was possibly the wealthiest region of the empire

[@soniyapettway]

@16:50 - The music...may I ask who the artist is?

[@SisterWomen]

This is one of my all time favorite videos. Im not Jewish, I didnt become a Christian until I read theology as an adult. Ive always been fixated on the fall of Jerusalem and really the entire history of Isreal. But as you said, its udually Jewish people speaking in a way that makes it hard for nonJews to fully understand or the much worse nonJewish people talking about things they lack understanding in. I wantes this whole channel so bad but but video especially. I do wish you talked more numbers although I understand slain bodies isnt much of a talking point. It seems moderns fail to grasp the magnitude of the events without the scale. I know Rome did it a few times but ... Legions mobilizing against citizenry... to create ten thousand slain bodies in the city regarded globally as a holy city ... its just an event we dont fully grasp in the modern world. Thank you.

[@akashveersingh528]

It was fine strategically. Empires rise and fell that way. It's just the way it was back then.

[@jairuslandrum4183]

Simon bar Giora looks like Jason Mantzoukas

[@Bryan-gw6bn]

This is weird but I'd like to know what the music is starting at 14:50

[@SamAronow]

Broke for Free- "Night Owl"

[@jimfromdiscord.8904]

8:43 - Kinda reminds me of that one scene from Children of the Corn, "Shimon! Shimon! We have your woman, Shimon! She still lives! Shimon, maybe you don't hear so well!" _cut to John holding a knife to Shimon's wife_

[@oldowl4290]

All of these little cities traded hands so many times where so many people were killed that it boggles the mind to wonder how they were ever repopulated. It also makes me want to know why Jerusalem was so important to control apart from the religious aspects. And I think if you wanted to live, the last thing you would ever want to be was a soldier or politician.

[@jsteele07189]

5:16 "what should be the music for brilliant Jewish general Simon Bar Giora, who led the rout of Gallus's legion at the gorge of Beit Horon?" "how about Dragon Roost Island Theme from the acclaimed action-adventure game The Legend Of Zelda: Wind Waker released by Nintendo Co., Ltd. for the Gamecube home video console in December 2002?"

[@YaaqovShenkin]

Right in time for Yom Yerushalayim

[@danielkover7157]

I think Vespasian was ultimately right. All the Jewish factions' in-fighting did eventually destroy them. So many peoples fell to the Romans because they wouldn't or couldn't unite, or they did so too late. I don't know how many ethnicities actually managed to resist the Romans, but I do know that the Germans were never conquered (probably due in some part to Arminius) and the Picts in the north of Scotland or Caledonia resisted because they united, and actually managed to survive as a culture into the early Middle Ages. It's too bad the Jews in those days couldn't get past those differences. They certainly had the courage and resolve. As much as I like studying Rome, and am awed by their engineering and what-not, I find myself cheering for those who resist Empire, even when I know they'll ultimately fail. I cheer for the Gauls, Boudicca's rebels (even though they committed atrocities of their own), and the 1st century Jews.

[@cabonlux5344]

Man with all do respect what are your credentials? You are correct in all your videos but I would like to know a little about yourself this material takes a lot of years to study were did you study this? And keep popping those videos there very educational

[@PureMaddnessOne]

the 4 groups became 5 groups, interesting

[@FlaviusBelisarius-ck6uv]

The Jewish Alabarchs name was Tiberius Julius Alexander, not Demetrius Alexander (that was his dad)

[@alexandarvoncarsteinzarovi3723]

No kingdom lasts forever, to empire is eternal the will of time is truly absolute, the problem is what we learn from it and more then countless people have learned the wrong thing,

[@cristobalvalladares973]

Learning about Jewish history. Was not aware of all the struggles for the land. I don't understand why some people call the Jewish state a settler one. Settler implies foreign occupier. The Jews fought for this land. It is an ancestral place. Maybe there a subtlety I'm not getting. But why call a people who's ancestors fought settlers!? I'm not trying to be political, just curious.

[@cristobalvalladares973]

@Shinshocks not wishing to offend anyone. All DNA evidence proves Ashkenazi and Sephardi connection to the land. DNA would appear to incontrovertible. White south Africans are settlers. The Israeli Jews are not. I move to Nigeria, would I a black man be considered a settler?

[@cristobalvalladares973]

@Shinshocks funny, I do have blue eyes. Am frequently rejected by the afro American community for speaking Spanish. Blacks are not immune to the foolishness. We too have our issues. So on that, I will not argue with your logic. Superficial differences rule the day. everywhere.

[@michaelfisher7170]

I so love this history. is it...wrong of me, to feel pride as a person for both sides of this war? I'm not descended from Romans, and I'm not Jewish...but knowing this history makes me feel pride, and some revulsion, of both sides. The Jewish defenders because they were so divided and led by the more radical groups, but intent to preserve their independence. the Romans because of their bloodlust and mercilessness when they gained victory, but understanding their rejection of revolt within the empire. The determination of both sides attracts me. That degree of opposition in worldview..history is replete with it but this particular conflict summarizes it. I get it, from both sides of the war. I wish..and that's all I can do, that it had ended differently..but as a history lover I accept how it ended. Does anyone else feel this way? I've always wondered.

[@romeyjondorf]

Well, for me, as a Jew myself, it seems a bit sad. But I understand where you are coming from, if I think about conflicts in which I am impartial in, like the Armenia-Azerbaijan* war. *Actually, I kinda support Azerbaijan tbh, simply because they love Israel.

[@Ohotniktrolly]

Is it me, or does Vespasian look like a Roman James Mattis?

[@beatboxbill]

Umm Dragonroost Island?

[@lexprontera8325]

Haha, yes : D

[@TheLordRichard]

I don’t know if I buy this whole “Vespasian conspired to seize power” theory. If so he would never send his son Titus to pledge allegiance to Galba(who returned as soon as Galba was murdered) Also Vespasian left his other son Domitian at Rome this whole time. He was simply forced to seize power as soon as the undeserving and undesirable Vitellius was installed in power.

[@FlaviusBelisarius-ck6uv]

According to Tacitus. Cassius Dio and Suetonius give other plausible reasons. You're forgetting, Titus didn't go alone, he was accompanied by Herod Agrippa II and Julia Berenice, both of whom also wished to pay their respects to Galba so as to retain their status, against Vespasian's wishes. Titus actually *abandoned* his post as legate of the 15th Apollinaris, a death sentence offence for any politician of senatorial ranking. Knowing Galba's penchant for the law, had Titus arrived in Rome to pledge allegiance, Galba would've held him hostage to ensure Vespasian's loyalty or even had him executed outright. Perhaps thats why Herod Agrippa was going with him, a hidden plan to hand a valuable hostage to Galba in return for a political favor and to retain his kingship? We know Vespasian had no love for Herod Agrippa II, refusing any support from him during the war, and that he saw Julia Berenice as another Cleopatra, trying to beguile his besotted elder son. Thank god that Titus was actually delayed by a shipwreck in Crete, allowing for sufficient time for his uncle and Vespasians brother, Sabinus, to intercept him and let him know Galba had already been killed. Domitian, meanwhile, was back in Rome, concealed and protected by future emperor Nerva.

[@moseytv2365]

Is Ben Gurion related to David Ben Gurion in any way?

[@SamAronow]

David Grün Hebraized his name to Ben Gurion as an homage to Joseph.

[@Ben-qb4lj]

Most Israel leaders have changed their names. Eastern Europeans aren't Hebrew/ semitic

[@a.maskil9073]

@@Ben-qb4lj Jews aren't Eastern European, and yes they are Semitic. Ashkenazi Jews had Semitic surnames until the 18th century when they were forced to adopt European names.

[@bolerobolero5668]

@@a.maskil9073 They were forced by the Polish government?

[@floss9972]

@@Ben-qb4lj thats funny, because on average ashkenazim are only 12-15% eastern european, while 38% italian and 50% levantine. which means we have largely preserved our genes as descendants if the ancient semites.

[@RoseSharon7777]

Music too loud.

[@MegaFount]

What a powerful description of this tragic episode in Jewish history. It raised the hair on the back of my neck. Many people don’t know this but the sacking of Jerusalem paid for the building of the Coliseum in Rome by Titus. The sacking is also documented on the Titus Arch in Rome. Funny that there’s no mention of Arabs! Where are the Palestinians?!

[@light9205]

Nabateans participated with the Romans sacking

[@Benamon9]

The Palestinians were still living on the Moon at this time.

[@albertotorres_1]

Love history but why does Simon Bar Giora look like Rafi from The League. Wonder if he yelled at the Jerusalemites Gattica!!!

[@brenosantana1458]

.

[@user-rq8vw6fy6s]

كلعم ونتم بكل خيرن نشاواحدحد جميعن∆∆∆∆∆∆

[@democratpro]

70 CE !? Yeah, youre a vaxxed comrade for sure💉✊🏿

[@Mrwhalespeak]

I love the new “CE”, Christ’s Empire.😉

[@TarunKumar-uo5gn]

33 years after crucifixtion of Jesus. And Jews still ask for proof of divinity of Jesus.

[@lexprontera8325]

Your point being...?

@@lexprontera8325 ...There shall not be left here one stone upon another... Although that's certainly not enough for many. Better read 'Mere Christianity' by C. S. Lewis

[@lexprontera8325]

"Yeah, we have heard of your messiah and we are not impressed." Ouch.

@@lexprontera8325 you heard, try reading that one is unique. Just an ideia. You may like it. Try it.

[@lexprontera8325]

@ It's already on my list.