The Great Terrace

[@sdmike1141]

Marbles, milk duds, and German chocolate cake oh my! “…I’m just a teacher…” NO!! No one can “ramble on” like you. You’re more impactful than you know. Thanks Nick.

[@donnacsuti4980]

Agreed

[@101rotarypower]

One of the positives that came from that mess, just think we might not have had Nick posting videos so frequently, Absolutely loving them! Thanks you so much for sharing all this interesting knowledge!

[@natural1952]

I'm a retired finance guy, not a geologist. I live in suburban Detroit on clay lakebed, not in the mountains. And I love Nick's lectures, and his enthusiasm, and his joie de vivre! It seems to me that passion (the real deal, not the passion people claim for themselves) is thrilling, regardless of the topic. Keep it up, Professor!

[@dianerossetti3245]

Great questions and observations. Thankyou for keeping the little grey cells busy.

[@davidstarr3566]

Easy Nick! Holy crap lol Love your passion!

[@floydt2029]

There was a enormous event that caused huge glacial melting in the centeral interior of British Columbia. Look at the drainaghe pattern of the Canadian rockies. A huge flood came down the Okanagan valley and you can see the deposits in Washington. Thanks Nick enjoy this so much!

[@haseo8244]

That’s andesite with the rock with the crystals in it.

[@kenwin5845]

Jerome has influenced you to see differently...bless those Canadians

[@skyecooleyartwork]

Whenever I find myself on a Puget Sound beach, I make a point of collecting every different kind of rock type I can find. Takes 5 minutes. I usually find about 6 different lithologies, rarely 10. The same thing could be done by 'Citizen Scientists' visiting the Great Terrace. You don't need to be an expert, you just need one hand and a phone. An excellent community project. Take one photo of each different rock type found at a site and the GPS location for the place you/your group sampled. Post map points and photos to a single website. A professional eye could sort things out quickly from time to time. The statistics take care of themselves after a while. Result: New insights into what material comprises the Great Terrace. Are the marbles mostly far-traveled and transported along the valley or mostly short-traveled contributions from side canyons?

[@SCW1060]

You have a great idea Sky. It doesn't always need a professional to due that. I'm just a amateur Geologists and if I was in better health I could take a group out to due this and put it out on the web for more expert information. Thank you Sky for all of your work that you have done too. Scott

[@kayakangler7683]

Fantastic idea! Is there an app that would allow for this type of collaboration?

[@briane173]

Just so long as the scientific paper comes out 'Cooley and others," and we're the others. 😊

[@jacotacomorocco]

Great video. Great message.

[@susanliebermann5721]

Nick! You simply must go to Curlew to see the Boulders on top of the ridge at Boulder Creek Rd. The boulders are the size of several Volkswagons! Zillions of them! Great video, thanks!

[@bradsoliday1391]

Thanks Nick for digging into the Great Terrace. I've been puzzling over it since I was a kid. There are remnants of the great terrace all the way to Spokane, and up the Columbia. Please do more videos exploring it:).

[@mikearnold2510]

The large boulders that far out in low-gradient valley bottom meant there was fairly high water velocity driven by volume. It also requires a massive and ideally self-replenishing sediment source. My relatively uninformed vote is that the terrace represents, at near Fraser maximum, the primary meltwater pathway out the terminus of the Chelan lobe. That lobe tracked right through/over the mountainous crystalline core rocks of Southern BC and the North Cascades, so there's the where the rocks in the outcrop in the videowould have come from in this scenario. Also, looking at the topography, where else is the meltwater from that lobe going to go? At this same time, the primary meltwater from under the Okanogan lobe was likely funneling out Grand Coulee and/or other outlets to the east, so there may not have been commensurate flow from this part of the Okanogan lobe margin that could push basaltic rocks to the other side of the valley against the massive onslaught of meltwater and sediment barging in from the west. OK, for that to be a reasonable explanation, that would mean that there should be some basalt mixed into the deposit further downvalley below Beebe Bridge where the terrace is prominent on the east side of the river. There should be at least enough contribution from Okanogan lobe meltwater to leave at least a bit of basalt mixed into the sediment on that side of the valley. That wouldn't be definitive evidence of the above scenario, but perhaps compelling. And a helluva lot easier than cataloging crystalline core rock characteristics throughout the Chelan lobe footprint. Regardless, the Columbia River valley filled with that much sediment with current speeds fast enough to tumble those big boulders with a huge wall of ice not far to the west and another one directly across the river, that must have been a sight.

[@aryu-bts613]

Hi from Canada 🇨🇦! Loving these last few videos of the Canadian connection to the ice age floods and glacial info

[@sharonseal9150]

Nick, you have got me obsessing about "my" 100 acres of rounded rock with ripple marks on TWO benches above the town of Malaga again. On the lidar map it looks like an extension of the Pangborn bar on the east side of the Columbia but the ripples are smaller looking, although when you are "eye to eye" they are still pretty tall. The rocks look very different than these as well - smaller, more uniform and rounder. Feel free to visit if you want a closer look while you are in you terrace phase, lol. The narrative is EXACTLY the same at Malaga - completely different look for rocks on the east versus the west side of the river, and we do have that one ginormous basalt erratic in East Wenatchee. We have a double bend in the river here between Wenatchee and Rock Island so the flood gravels would deposit differently I think on account of that element. I have been working on a write up with all my observations and questions for two days and still a work in progress. Looking forward to what Skye Cooley has to say. .

[@RuthBingham]

Yes, I do suspect it is basically a physics or fluid dynamics problem. Is the energy of the flow different on the inside of the bend versus the outside?

[@maxinee1267]

Oh my Goodness Professor that was my excitement for the entire day today. Basalt on one side, Erratic's on the other side, leaving my imagination to try and fathom what must have lied inbetween to make those terraces and carry along mountain stone on one side and carve basalt on the other. You also taught me something else today i never knew that you can tell what kind of rock it is by hitting it with your hammer. that almost made me cry. literally. I had to stop the video and just take that in a minute. You have so much inside of you that is all about teaching. What a jewel you are to this University. You are the treasure. I hope and i will pray that some young man or woman will see these videos and be so inspired to come learn from you and your team at CWU. These video are going viral all over the world you know. You have changed the methods of recruiting Professors all over the world will be thinking why didn't I do that. Well i am proud to say, I an old lady spent her covid time learning from Nick on the rocks. I did not waste my time. .

[@rogerhansen2758]

Maxine E, I have written a similar comment. This man is should be a role model for all educators.

[@evtravels]

"Basalt on one side, Erratic's on the other side, I'm stuck in the middle with you.. Trying to make some sense of it all But I can see it makes no sense at all, I'm stuck in the middle with you."

[@myrachurchman5013]

Thanks for another thought provoking video Nick.

[@GotDamBoi]

I had a phase a few years back where I watched almost all of your old lecture videos lol glad to see you still active on youtube!

[@rogerhansen2758]

I've message you before praising your wonderful approach to teaching, your enthusiasm, your interest in the subject, the science, and your ability to communicate with all of us. This video is an example to back up my praise. You are gifted and you bless all of us who love the earth, the geology, the history of this planet. You, get excited about things than makes many roll their eyes, but for those of us who are always thinking about rocks, stratigraphy, geologic process, understanding, and advancement of our knowledge. We so appreciate your videos. You remain this retired teacher's favorite lifetime instructor.

[@coherentmud]

I thank you for your walk about videos. I have seen terrain I could not hope to visit. Marvelous vistas. And I've managed to identify at least eight species of medicinal plants. Gotta look after the Mullein, might come in handy. I love the geology, thanks for sharing.

[@DowlWatcher]

lol I got so far behind on these videos. Now there's so many I will never catch up 😂😂. All those years of searching for Nick Zentner with my brother, wishing there was more. Glad the pandemic put you in that backyard.

[@MrFmiller]

I spent countless hours keeping up and/or catching up with Nick. I was working and had to catch up nearly every class and presentation. I’m retired now but I’m still so busy I find myself watching after the fact often. It’s like they say: I don’t know how I found time to work.

[@donnacsuti4980]

Yes that is one if the few good things the pandemic did. So glad Nick has continued doing field outings, interviews and such on videos. I'm sure at least some young people will be attracted to this field because of Nick's videos. And we need more field geology young people doing something other than fossil fuel work to help figure out climate and earth changes.. And also allowed us older folks to feel young again and learning new things. Thank you so much

[@jscottmaclean226]

Nick, please don't move on from this topic, you've got me hooked on this Great Terrace event (I'll bet I'm not the only one). The erratic's on the other side almost stole the show, maybe a little more discussion on those at some point, maybe even a field trip? Keep up the great work, I've been with you from the start in your back yard, haven't missed a single episode. I miss your cat by the way!

[@daytonlights-peterwine468]

Nick, you're "just a teacher," in the same way that Carl Sagan was "just an astrophysicist." Your role in the future is quite important. You are creating (quite well, IMHO,) a bridge between current information, and future discoveries. You are showing folks who can make a difference (students and geologists who are 'stuck') gaps in our current understanding of things, and why those gaps should be filled in. Thank you, for all you do for us "townies" who watch your videos, and future text book readers who, with luck, may have some of those gaps filled in, and understand how they can help with others.

[@deborahellenberger7153]

What a discovery for you and us. Just a simple walk and talk about the Great Terrace and boom! Hey, look at that. I saw it too! Love it! I just find your videos fascinating. Thank you Prof Nick.

[@loslaynes]

These videos make me want to retire and go back home (Montana, Idaho, Northwest) and become the rockhound I always wanted to be since I was first exposed to Geology by Mr. Price in my 9th grade at Helena Jr High, Helena MT back in 73/74///

[@LesHeifner]

Every video is as intellectually gratifying as the last. This is new science. It's not necessarily better than the old science. It's a new, clearer lens, as the old was at the time. Now we see it clearer. Thank you Nick.

[@oscarmedina1303]

As a rock hound, the incredible variety of rocks all in one place, and the huge basalt erratics were amazing. I just wish I lived a lot closer. Thank you, Nick, for showing us this amazing location and talking about the need to find out the whole story. Another great presentation. Thank you!

[@rogertuftskins]

nick zentner is a national treasure.

[@rogerhansen2758]

Another Roger agrees with you

[@jameskilpatrick7790]

What do we want? Insufficiently studied geology! When do we want it? NOW! lol, Thanks again, Nick. I definitely love it! :)

[@Vickie-Bligh]

Wow. I think this is fascinating. I love my state, I love the varied geology, and I love learning new things. Thank you so very, very much for all of these videos over the past 2+ years AND all of the other videos you've done. And thanks, CWU, for letting Nick loose to teach us all.

[@gordonormiston3233]

What an amazing contrast between the two sides of the river ! How were they formed so differently? A truly great project to try and make some sense of it all. Thanks for showing it to us Nick.

[@barneymiller6204]

Wow Nick, this 4K video makes it look like you need a shave! Great quality!

[@OnTheHorizonSomewhere]

Love the passion Nick. I went on a drive down the Vantage highway and down to the tri cities to the Wallula gap this weekend for the first time ever. I've been living in this state for 20 years and the central portions along the Columbia have been pretty overlooked by me, but when you get a hint of the Geology it becomes apparent that the landscape is just awesome. So much happened here. Thanks for giving me a glimpse of the meaning behind the mysteries of this land.

[@jaimecastells4283]

@nick thanks for raising these questions! You have an excellent point about the origin of the fill that forms the great terrace. So, what we need is a professor with a few eager grad students!

[@StereoSpace]

Possibly, the Eastern bank was still under a thick ice sheet when these river deposits were laid into the terrace on the Western side. Think of an ice wall with the Columbia racing along its edge. If this deposit was laid in during a major upstream melting event, say over a few tens or hundreds of years, it might pile this up, and only later did the Western bank emerge, leaving only the basalt haystacks rocks.

[@donnacsuti4980]

What you're doing is important and valuable , asking the questions and stimulating interest. Hopefully some research projects will answer some of your questions.

[@maxinee1267]

Thanks be to God for Professor Nick on the Rocks. I cannot thank you enough.

[@SCW1060]

Thank you Nick. What a very cool topic that hasn't been talked about. And thanks for showing us some of the weird rock types too

[@johncloar1692]

Thanks it is very interesting, thank again for taking us along.

[@craighoover1495]

I find these recent videos highly motivating.

[@faithijn8338]

I cannot speak to the geology of the origin of those rocks on the hillside of that terrace but; they are gorgeous to me! They are so beautiful it would be my desire to pack as many as I could home. That first one you pointed out as interesting is STUNNING to me. I am a rock lover and always on my heart are the Wonders of GOD's Creation & how each one is formed! YES! those dark Haystack Boulder erratic's are like Sentinels on the green hillside standing guard! Love love love these ramblings with you Nick!

[@dirtimus1]

I would be willing to bet, most of the that particular deposit came out of the Methow Valley, a couple of miles upstream on the Columbia from where you were standing. I’ve always enjoyed studying the signs of glacial and flood activity in this area.

[@sidbemus4625]

Thank You Nick....18:30 - 20:25 Rambling Man.......

[@cindyleehaddock3551]

Thanks for yet another of your fun rambling geohikes, Nick! Hoping all this will net a few interested students to tackle this project, or really several projects! Some artist needs to do an animation of the ice sheet coming and going and leaving all these poorly sorted goodies....

[@pinkypam5112]

I am left in awe (of the world) which is why I love geology.

[@kyleroth1025]

Thank you Professor Zentner

[@satchell78]

Brewster! Don't hear that every day. The drive along the Columbia to Wenatchee or Leavenworth from Brewster is pretty cool.

[@skyecooleyartwork]

Someday Brewster will be hip.

[@steel1182]

This is so cool…one side is marbles stacked up the other side is big boulders. Thanks nick for taking us along as you think about geo questions and how they are linked together to make what we see around us .

[@catherinehubbard1167]

Fascinating! Not a geologist and ignorant of the country there, I am wondering: might the Columbia river go along the edge of this terrace of piled loose foreign rocks at this site because it used to be higher there than it is now? The basalts on the other side are stronger, I assume, than this poorly sorted unconsolidated pile and would have eroded less. We have glacial moraines here in New England, and they are of more modest proportions than that terrace, whatever its history is. The lack of sorting is weird on such a huge scale, suggesting a massive and rapid event. Was there a volcano that could have triggered a lahar or a big mudflow?

[@todrobinson3733]

It's from a giant flood between 11 thousand and 13thousnd years ago. But yes you're correct it's not insignificant and should be studied more.. thank you professor, it's s o beautiful out there and I appreciate what you're doing.

[@swirvinbirds1971]

No flood deposits in the Channeled Scablands has been dated that young. Where are you getting this info that you state as some sort of fact?

[@MrChappy39]

As a mega amateur geologist I've embraced the observation route. This is the aspect of N.Z. 's approach to geology that I can understand.

[@nicholastattersfield8793]

I live in the Border country just above the 49TH parallel. The terrain is very similar right up all the North- South drainage channels including the southern okanagan lakes. Locally I find deep sand lenses with layers of 4 inch cobbles deposited intermittently . I think the process that shaped the terrace extended right up to the North Okanagan at least there must have been immense flooding to shape all the Valleys as they are. So where did all the Canadian out wash come from?

[@gordongadbois1179]

THANKS NICK YOU GAVE US SOME GNEISS THOUGHTS TO PONDER. INTERESTING TOPOGRAPHY UP THERE TO EXPLORE FOR SURE.

[@robertwhite6939]

Great stuff to ponder as always ! Love all these videos.

[@dharmadove]

Great stuff Professor. Wish I had you when I got my double BS in Geology / Meteorology at UNCC...

[@EllieODaire]

Teleporting the entirety of McEniry to the Columbia basin would have also helped. 😁

[@briane173]

Yay! Someone who matches my two interests.

[@barrydysert2974]

i had to get old before i realized that everytime i learn one thing i become ignorant of a dozen others! Love is the most important thing. 💜🙏⚡️

[@russellsotebier8724]

I lived in trail BC. there are huge flat topped sand banks above the current river, and I do mean waaayyy! above. The hospital is built on one, the senior high school ( J.L. Crowe) is built on an adjacent one. Question: how high was the ancient Columbia river? I currently live next to the Fraser River. I'm just an arm chair geologist. But isn't that the inside corner deposit of a river?

[@laurafolsom2048]

The first erratic I saw was just south of the Chelan airport..it was the only one I saw on 97 on the west side.

[@lordorion5776]

Good day, Looking at the Google map picture, it looks like the basaltic erratics on the east side of the river start at a butte-like formation about 7 miles south of Brewster and end east of Chelan. Ice may have plucked chunks of basalt of that rock formation and pushed/carried them south.. There doesn't appear to be any basltic formations similar to the formation south of Brewster on the west side of the river. Maybe this gives a definitive direction of the ice flow, just a little west of directly south in this area. Trying to think of any similar geologic expanses like this in New England where I am now or in the northern adirondacks where I grew up. Tony

[@jodieharnden5413]

Stellar...I'm so excited to see all of this!

[@paulproctor5555]

As always excellent!

[@charliebartholomew1564]

someone has to add up all the different rocks, separate them by their origin then connect them to the source..i think? marble collection

[@lorrainewaters6189]

This is so interesting!! Thanks again Nick. Those close ups on the rocks are so great. I would like to know what that brick colored rock was.....any ideas?

[@martincarroll8637]

Loving the series sitting here on the other side of the pond. (England) Only the extraordinary centrifugal forces from the earth’s rotation could move these volumes of material’s with such bewildering ease. Our rotation, unlike that other extraordinary phenomena of having a magnetic field, that can reverse itself, remains on a continuous, although, undulating path. On a much smaller scale nature has given us a much closer look at these geological events as we glimpse a peek at some time-lapse footage, speeded up to truly demonstrate that the ice fields are continuously on the move. Just as a tsunami wave looks to exhaust it’s energy outwards, the epicenter triggers an appropriate response to a particular conundrum requiring urgent remedial action, only instantaneously, like pyroclastic flows and similarly liquefaction, accelerates the material away from the face of the mountain as the released energy makes its presence felt.

[@revike6165]

Just reread Roadside Geology of Washington-First Editon. Fascinating to see what has changed in 40yrs.

[@ronaldbucchino1086]

Your last terrace image (of your video) seems to show a distinct horizontal layer of large boulders approximately halfway up the terrace-side.

[@Aengus42]

At 07:28... Where did that come from & how did it get there? It looks like Devonian sandstone! It's that terracotta boulder in a sea of grey. That stone has a story to tell... Plus. MOAR PLEISTOCENE PLEASE! I love the recent flood geology. I, for one, don't want you to move on. I'm learning so much and enjoying it immensely! Thank you! Les, southern UK. Edit: At 18:42 are those terraces on the other side formed by ice at different levels? I'm having trouble fitting those terraces into the Pleistocene floods. It seems to me that maybe the whole valley was filled with ice. Dropping moraines on the inside of the bend where the ice was practically stationery & carving into the rock on the outside of the bend where the ice was moving quicker. The terraces are now softened by soil accumulation now but they really do stand out.

[@BudKnocka]

Ok Nick I’ve been thinking 🤔 of the IceSheet like a waterbed…the water under the sheet gets shifted around by differences in the thickness of ice…yet being redirected by underlying geology…any material of a loose nature being pushed into the terraces into other valleys that transect the direction of the water and ice nesting in back eddies…

[@BudKnocka]

The Samamish Plateau shows signs of being a terrace also!! I reviewed your old vid in the CadMan pit. I also see the channel that drained lake Snoqualmie yet now it doesn’t flow west into lake Samamish it flows east into the Snoqualmie Valley.

[@johnsheehan5109]

Nick, having worked on the side of many state highways, I would like to suggest that you wear a bright orange and yellow vest at all times. Road America is a very dangerous and all too many drivers are asleep at the wheel. I have also supervised a crew of teenagers and found that paying attention wasn't their strong point. Great video.

[@hestheMaster]

On Apple Acres Rd just north of Antione Creek specifically. Amazing story of two different types of deposits by a huge flow of water ( at different heights and times)and ice through here. I'll have to check out Syke's stuff after this fine visit here with Nick.

[@brianlhughes]

The rocks are the "many different colored sprinkles" upon the icing of the great cascade cake! I think there are tons of glacier rocks on the terrace south of Pateros.

[@raymondready7496]

All washed into the area. Randell Carlton is a good observer like yourself. Thanks

[@geoffreynewton5839]

Nick I just had to check this out on Google Earth(even before the video finished!) and found that there’s a massive Dragon’s nest of erratics approx 5.97km away, up on top, almost due east of the bend in the road. Makes the ones you could see from the road look like beginners!

[@paulliebenberg3410]

Nick is having a "double rainbow" moment!

[@douglasfur3808]

So the floods skirted the edge of the German Chocolate cake and dumped loads when they met black rocks, the roots of which are still in the river?

[@olafvidar9315]

When the glacier was at it's maximum there, what was the height of the ice? Occams Razor, tells me those rocks were glacially deposited but at different times. Geological times and events. But I'm not that educated. Just a Marine that fishes a lot.

[@kayakangler7683]

About another 10 miles north of this location or about 2 miles south of Pateros, there are very large boulders on both sides of the highway scattered as far as the eye can see - thousands of them. Glacial transport or huge meltwater flows from the Okanogan?

[@bryanbressem5026]

Here in MN lots of things have moved over this state many times, only in arrowhead region is base rock still visible, they say like 25 miles of rock has eroded away over billions of years, we at one time had massive mountains and volcanoes. It's all gone and sand pits in areas, rock in others like what you're showing, and the Mississippi River, st. Crox River areas have examples like what your talking about, except the mountains are gone.

[@organicelliottwave2938]

Nick, your musings about the stark difference in lithology of the east and west sides of the river poses a question in my mind. It appears there was some kind of a hard barrier (besides the river itself) that prevented the crystalline gravels from accumulating beyond the river's western edge. Could it be possible that all the deposition of the terraces occurred concurrent with the Okanogan Lobe being at its southerly most position? I'm picturing all this material coming out of the cascades and piling up against the western side of the ice sheet. Is there any data that might suggest the timing of the lobe and the terrace deposition might have allowed for that? Been following your musings for years, and now you've got me going on the calcretes and pre-wisconsin flooding, and what happened the million years BEFORE the missoula floods! (and of course the emerging Canadian sub-glacial flooding narrative being suggested by Jerome, Joel, and others). Be safe, and keep up the good work!

[@timcantrell9673]

Rolly Poleys from the Colombia when it was above you at one time coming out of glacier fronts

[@stephanielesis7010]

nick what was the black rock you hammered that was broke off smooth at 8:24 you say not even that one

[@dianephelps4511]

Wow, I'm gonna have to drive that and pay attention. So I've got a question about the pink rock by Chelan. At the junction of 97A and the Navare coule road. On the west side of 97A. That exposed rock face is crumbly with a pink look too it. What is it? Or have you not looked at it as it is insignificant.

[@colleennobbs7218]

Let’s go look at the Haystack Boulders! Yeah the “ Milkduds”! Good call… 😉

[@dunnkruger8825]

Thanks

[@keithbone8717]

Nick, I love your posts. I live in Washington too. I was looking at St Helens as it blew. I was hooked on Geology and Volcanology ever since. Love The posts. Thank You! for such Great work.

[@SCW1060]

Me too. I was 19 at the time St. Helen's blew, and still addicted to Geology lol

[@ptamp]

Just wondering if fast moving water might deposit the (ice rafted?) erratics on the outside of the curve in the river while the rubble is deposited in the inside like a meander would??? If that makes any sense.

[@stephen627]

Its like the ancient ice was the giant putty knife filling in all the valleys and then in places washing out over time but leaving behind the evidence.

[@lindakay9552]

And from where you're standing right now, as the crow flies, Burch Mtn juts up directly between you, and where you were yesterday by Ellensburg... And Burch has the exact same rocks. Lake Chelan. / Glacier Peak. / Mt. Baker 📐 The ONE THING that has been the most fascinating to me about Wenatchee, East Wenatchee, is how extremely different the topography is on the two sides of the river. Up in Waterville, you have flat endless expanse, like in Central Oregon.. How do you go from the Waterville plateau, to just a few miles west, having the ENTIRE plateau drop down a sheer cliff around The East side of HWY 97. But on the west side of HWY 97A, everything slopes gently down towards the river. Why is the west side a slope, and the east side is a sheer cliff, where they go down to the valley floor.

[@gerrycoleman7290]

Looks like continental ice sheet deposits to me. Glacial till. Ablation till. Would need to look at the soils for more details.

[@James-pq5pi]

Can we take the class you are teaching remotely? Absolutely fascinating stuff you are contemplating.

[@ssstephen801]

It looks more like a washout from a big flood or glacier run.

[@beezlebub3955]

I’m 34 and I live in Florida, I wanna explore the west some time eventually. I’ve been down I 10 from Jacksonville to LA, and up to Colorado from El Paso, but it’s just so much bigger than that!

[@84Tacos]

The geology of Florida is fascinating itself, especially the spring system.

[@jasonlambert5552]

On the video @19:13 when you're looking across the river, are those terraces benches from floods, or separate erosions of the different layers of basalt? It looks like there are at least four levels that maintain the same elevation running parallel with the river. Or am I just dumb and those are road cuts.

[@mmmh2o5]

I think Nick has become a terraceist.

[@briane173]

A domestic one at that.

[@brentkeller3826]

Geochemical signature tracking of the rocks? Is that possible? I don't know, just musing.

[@billhollinshead]

Looks to me like some lines of boulders have apparent dips. 6:45 to 6:50 for example.

[@iviewthetube]

What material was displaced to make the Okanagan Lake in Canada?

[@saraboglecrayne86]

Here in Siskiyou County CA Granitic rock (Castle Crags) on west side of Sacramento River canyon like 10 miles South of Mount Shasta - and volcanic on the East side: Mount Shasta itself . Roadside Geology of Northern California gives it a mention

[@dunnkruger8825]

I see several smaller terraces on the other side. Standing or flowing water level marks ?

[@danielhenderson812]

Daniel in Sanra CLarita California. 100 yards from the plum canyon fault

[@ericfallis6202]

I'm a prospector that's just plain curious what has happened to our arey of the world.