The Greek-Turkish War 1919-1923 (Greco-Turkish War Documentary)

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The defeat of the Ottoman Empire in 1918 meant that it got its own peace treaty like the other three Central Powers. But the emerging Turkish National Movement under Mustafa Kemal resisted the Treaty of Sevres and occupation by various Entente Powers. Their successful resistance led to the creation of modern Turkey and the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923.
Salvation and Catastrophe - The Greek-Turkish War, 1919-1922 Edited by KONSTANTINOS TRAVLOS: rowman.com/ISBN/9781498585088...
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John Ozment, James Darcangelo, Jacob Carter Landt, Thomas Brendan, Kurt Gillies, Scott Deederly, John Belland, Adam Smith, Taylor Allen, Rustem Sharipov, Christoph Wolf, Simen Røste, Marcus Bondura, Ramon Rijkhoek, Theodore Patrick Shannon, Philip Schoffman, Avi Woolf, Emile Bouffard, William Kincade, Daniel L Garza, Stefan Weiß, Matt Barnes, Chris Daley, Marco Kuhnert, Simdoom
» SOURCES
Akyüz, Doruk. “Legacy of the Stormtroop: The Influence of German Assault Troop Doctrines in the Great Offensive,” in Konstantinos Travlos, ed. Salvation and Catastrophe, The Greek-Turkish War 1919-1922 (2020).
Criss, Nur Bilge: Occupation during and after the War (Ottoman Empire), in: 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2015-08-05 encyclopedia.1914-1918-online...
Danglis, Panagiotis: Memoirs.
Edib Adivar, Halide. The Turkish Ordeal: Being the Further Memoirs of Halidé Edib, (Piscataway : Gorgias Press, 2012)
Erickson, Edward J. “Decisive Battles of the Asia Minor Campaign 1919-1922,” in Konstantinos Travlos, ed. Salvation and Catastrophe, The Greek-Turkish War 1919-1922 (2020).
Fromkin, David. A Peace to End All Peace (New York: Avon, 1989)
Kemal, Gazi M. Nutuk-Söylev, Cilt II: 1920-1927, Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi
Gerwarth, Robert. The Vanquished. Why the First World War Failed to End, 1917-1923 (Penguin, 2017).
Karsh, Efraim and Inari Karsh. Empires of the Sand (London: Harvard UP, 1999)
Llewelyn-Smith, Michael: Ionian Vision: Greece in Asia Minor, 1919-1922, 1973.
McMeekin, Sean. The Ottoman Endgame (Penguin, 2015)
Margaret Macmillan, Paris 1919: Six Months That Changed the World, (London : Macmillan,
2019)
Toynbee, Arnold: The Western Question in Greece and Turkey. A Study in the Contact of Civilizations, Boston 1922.
Travlos, Konstantinos. “Introduction,” in Konstantinos Travlos, ed. Salvation and Catastrophe, The Greek-Turkish War 1919-1922 (2020).
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»CREDITS
Presented by: Jesse Alexander
Written by: Jesse Alexander
Director: Toni Steller & Florian Wittig
Director of Photography: Toni Steller
Sound: Toni Steller
Editing: Toni Steller
Motion Design: Toni Steller
Mixing, Mastering & Sound Design: above-zero.com
Research by: Jesse Alexander
Fact checking: Florian Wittig
Channel Design: Yves Thimian
Contains licensed material by getty images and AP archive
Maps: MapTiler/OpenStreetMap Contributors & GEOlayers3
All rights reserved - Real Time History GmbH 2022

[@majoralp]

"Seven nation army couldn't hold me back" -Kemal Pasha

[@wankawanka3053]

Ussr :no meed to thank me bro

[@russianinvader3207]

@@wankawanka3053 XD

[@kasadam85]

@@wankawanka3053 seethe

[@hellenick8867]

On the offensive he was only against the Greeks. By that time the other nations had befriended him. Also if the soviets hadn't helped him then Kemal wouldn't been able to built an army to oppose the invaders

[@ThatObjectionGuy]

​@@hellenick8867 Soviet Union helped a lot but Türkiye would still save some land probably less than this one.

[@salvadoresoze345]

Ataturk's tactic was exatcly what the Russians had against Napoleon. Drive them deep into the hearthland and drown them. He was truly a military genius.

[@ehatipo4598]

It is originally Hannibal’s war tactics that he implemented when he rebelled against Romans thousands of years ago.

[@kuvikina]

@@ehatipo4598 Took 4 years from the coast to Ankara, and only 4 days all the way back! Pseudo-Hellens cant win any skirmishes without the help of Western Powers.

[@sanadedixeptar5214]

@@ehatipo4598 but if i correcty remember hannibals tactic didnt work because of sheer numbers of romans right ?

[@troll5161]

Atatürk attacked the Greeks to make them retreat, the Russians just wait until the French are out.

[@mehmetyavuz2680]

Mihail kutuzov

[@hermannhesse4182]

Since the Ottoman-Turkish war was also experienced in this war, Mustafa Kemal Pasha did not have many weapons belonging to that period. Cavalry was now used only for ceremonies. He decided to open the cavalry school and trained the soldiers for a year to strike the final blow. The majority of the soldiers were volunteers from the people. It was perhaps the last battle in which cavalry was used most effectively. He used the old Turk Kagan tactic. (pre ottoman seljuk)

[@suzangoktug4157]

👍

[@MegaNas88]

It was actually during the battle of Dobruja in WW1, by the Bulgarians' Kolev.

[@jhina4m464]

@@hellenick8867 💀

[@yemliha4434]

@@MegaNas88 The war in the video occurs after WW1. So no.

[@somebody1241]

​@@MegaNas88 nope. In 1922 cavalry used effectively

[@BaneCronotse]

This is the story of the only nation that did not accept the impositions after the First World War. They challenged the world with civilians and soldiers at a time when no defeated nation showed resistance.

[@joecurran2811]

They created a new nation - that was sort of the solution

[@Stratioti11]

GReece is an artificial state and nation. Fallmeyer explains that very well

[@tabriz.azerbaijan-turk6056]

That people that nation is called the T U R K s ! My people!

[@tabriz.azerbaijan-turk6056]

🇦🇿❤️🇹🇷

[@williamdavis9562]

I find this one of the most fascinating wars in history. Imagine attacking a nation which no longer has an army and still losing?

[@subutaynoyan5372]

I once read a report of a British spy from British archives The man was warning his supreriors that Turks aren't like other colonies they have, and that the only organisation Turks understand is military organisation and the Turkish people are really keen on forming an army It was the ordinary folk, with some bald rackateers as their leaders, started the resistence with their own initiative and it was a trouble for Mustafa Kemal and his companions to turn that force into a proper army that moves under their own command.

[@apmoy70]

So I'm guessing you're neither Wiliiam nor Davis, you're just a random Turk who just trolls on the internetz

[@williamdavis9562]

@@apmoy70 Yea because anyone who doesn't agree with your point of view must be from X ethnic group. Right.

[@mustafaakkus8530]

@@apmoy70 You have such a great history, but with what you do, you shame our ancestors, not the Turks.

[@37boy60]

@@apmoy70 He speaks fax tho

[@vonclausewitz8558]

here's a fun fact. the Great Turkish Offensive was started on 26th August, 1922. The date was chosen by Ataturk himself, because it was the anniversary of Battle of Manzikert against Eastern Roman Empire in 1071 by Sultan Alparslan with Seljuk Turks, when the Asia Minor has become the Turkish homeland..

[@onurhakim7814]

there is no such information. This is entirely your opinion. Atatürk did not share such information. If he had such a purpose, he would definitely tell in Nutuk (his own book). There is no particular reason why 26 August was chosen. The only reason was to wait for the most favorable conditions possible. There was no need to move early or wait for the enemy to get stronger. It was decided that the appropriate moment was this date, and the offensive was launched. There is no other particular reason. Because they are not in a position to wait for a special day. The conditions are quite harsh.

[@vonclausewitz8558]

@@onurhakim7814 it was a memoir told by Nuri Ulusu, Atatürk's librarian. Atatürk himself told in first hand.

[@drunkbee880]

Seljuk Turks ? 😆 The only Turk in Seljuk dynasty was the king and he was a Turco Persian. I have bad news for you . Turkey is not a Turkic nation. Ottomans were not Turks . Up to 1905 your language was 80% Persian and 20% Arabic . The Turkic world is made up of 4 races . Turco Persians, kyrgies, Uzbek and Kazak Turks. Turkey is made up of 43 races , you don’t even have a race . Study Ataturk’s “ Turkification of the ottoman.”

[@vonclausewitz8558]

@@drunkbee880 well, Turk is a linguistic term, not an ethnic one. And both Seljuks and Ottomans were Turkic empires. Like it or not, it's a fact.

[@onurhakim7814]

@@vonclausewitz8558 Turkish is both an ethnic and a linguistic term. "Turkish race" = ethnic "Turkish nation" = linguistic. @drunk bee In the Seljuk state, the rulers and soldiers were mostly Turks. Since we were a nation that did not persecute or destroy the peoples living in the conquered lands, different ethnic identities were also living in our lands. If we wanted to destroy or send the people of the regions we fought and conquered, especially as the westerners did, we had this power. The reason why you are attacking instead of showing respect for not doing this, I think, is the result of being jealous of the history of the Turk. As world-famous historians say, "If you remove the Turk from history, there is not much left."

[@nrm224]

These documentaries are simply fantastic. Keep up the great work.

[@tatianafrangopoulou421]

So well done, guys! Thank you for another great (war) episode!

[@turgayyildiz7381]

2023

[@biltr.3076]

Savaş ve Harika !!!

[@warlordv2903]

“King Alexander was bitten by a monkey and died of the subsequent infection” Ok yeah I’m definitely going to want an explanation on this

[@andrewsever98]

That actually exactly what happened. The King was walking his dog in the palace garden, a monkey showed up and started fighting the dog, and when the king tried to get his dog away from the monkey the monkey bit his leg, the wound became infected and it killed him

[@jtgd]

Literally spit taked. What a random way to die

[@jtgd]

@@andrewsever98 I need a comedic video reenactment

[@stoneruler]

@@andrewsever98 amazing some freak accident could change the course of history, affecting the lives of millions of people.

[@Rok_Satanas]

@@stoneruler it was no accident the monkey was the esteemed rear admiral and turkish spy Ahmed Monkeymus

[@beratoren7627]

When it comes to turkish victims "civilians were attacked during the conflict" hardly mentioning that turkish civilians got murdered pretty weird.

[@chindit6784]

The irony of it

[@GNeves302]

They actually mention crimes by the greeks multiples times. If the appropriate amount of focus on the genocidal outbursts of turkish nationalism bothers you, that's your problem.

[@Distopya1]

@@GNeves302 you can not be serious! Turks did not commit genocide. He was massacred.

[@tosehoed123]

dont act like turkey didnt get the better deal in regards to genocide

[@tosehoed123]

@@Distopya1 You must be really ignorant if you dont think turkey committed genocide. Would not surprise me if you do not believe the jewish genocide either

[@hermannhesse4182]

It is admirable that Ataturk granted women the right to military service in this war and even gave them education in the cavalry school. After the war, they began to get their rights.

[@sonofameme2484]

As Turks, we are greatly thankful to Atatürk for making Turkey a modern country by giving women their rights even before most Western governments did it. Turkish women fought as much as men and it directly impacted the general outcome of battles during the Turkish Independence War.

[@tugcegoksu6295]

Atalarımın ruhu şad olsun, mekanları cennet olsun. Ayaklarında yırtık çarıkla, ellerinde kazma kürekle, bulurlarsa kuru ekmekle bizler için, canları pahasına vatan savundular. Şanı büyük Atatürk. ne şanslıyız ki sen bizimdin, ne kadar övünsek az. buraya işgale gelenlere verdiğin ders herhalde onlara yeter.

[@quasimodo5177]

Amin. Herşey sizlere borcluyuz

[@furrkan7]

ağzına sağlık

[@georgegeorge9242]

The irony is the Turks were the first invaders some hundred years ago.

[@tugcegoksu6295]

@@georgegeorge9242 centuries ağa, everyone was an invader, not Just the Turks. No one bought the country they currently live in with Kiss. The important thing iş to try not to be an invader after civilization develop. Otherwise, rome also took someone's lands or countries with the sword before us.

[@tugcegoksu6295]

@@georgegeorge9242 centuries ago*

[@rondoengin1842]

“Peace at Home, Peace in the World” M. Kemal Atatürk

[@user-yj4qz5lo6k]

Turkish home is Kazakhstan

[@toryog1310]

genocide goes brrrr

[@diaf9931]

@@toryog1310 mad?

[@rondoengin1842]

"It's hard to be a Turk because you fight the world. It's harder not to be a Turk because you fight the Turk."

[@adamfrost1881]

@@toryog1310 what the f do you want with our notion and history

[@thedoomslayer4167]

I think I wrote the same under the previous video about the Greco-Turkish war but your pronunciation is the best I've seen among all the historians on youtube, well done sir

[@jh2309]

Great video as all have been since I found this channel. I wonder if you have ever considered putting some of the series that you have on DVDs especially the 16 days in Berlin as I probably would buy 3 sets right away, I have friends around the country who would love to sit and watch it but not on a streaming platform. Just a thought. But keep up the great job you are doing.

[@zoranpavlovic9540]

Wow! Great documentary. My neighbour, uncle Giorgios Papavasiliu was refugee from Turkey and I was a kid but I remember the story of his wife who was Serbian talking story to my mom and I remember how much pain and despair were in that story but then I didn't realize it was that war. Later on, I studied it and I failed to know more from witness since uncle Ðorđe died in early 80's. He never spoke of it to us kids nor we asked. That video explains a loooot. Gosh, what a painful history of all Balkan nations as well as greed for more. Impressive tactic of Ataturk too. I realize more about some atrocities on all sides through described circumstances. And sure...Great Powers' interests always behind such conflicts. That war and aftermath is briefly covered in Serbian schools. Peace to the whole world from Serbia ✌️🇷🇸

[@nasthuner]

I am also a Turk whose grandparents are from the Balkans. Currently, this village is within the borders of Bulgaria, but unfortunately it was a Turkish-Greek village when my grandparents lived. We were exiled to Anatolia with great pain. Unfortunately, peoples living together for centuries were turned against each other by the great European powers. Peace for all.

[@zoranpavlovic9540]

@@nasthuner ppls of Balkan know only of their wounds and their side pretending to be huge and important while they are small, divided and great target of Western and Eastern imperialists. My family suffered from Bulgarians in both WW but I am trying to understand all the sides. All I need is to rock'n'roll in freedom and peace and wish peace and freedom to all the peoples on this Earth. Sirbistan selamlar ✌️

[@Okeyad]

​@@zoranpavlovic9540çok güzel bir yorum 👍

[@zoranpavlovic9540]

@@Okeyad çok teşekkür ederim 👍

[@KubiIay]

My Great-grandmother witnessed the “Büyük Taarruz”. She lived on the northern side of the Menderes (Meander) river and told that the Turkish army passed by this area during “Güzün” old Turkish word for “Son Bahar” (Autumn season). Before that, the Greeks, during their retreat, set her village to fire including her home. Later, after the war that house got restored and now my uncle lives in it. She also told that she heard what happened at Afyonkarahisar and that it was the turning point during the war. According to what she heard, Mustafa Kemal Pasha had come up with a plan since the Greek army simply outnumbered his. He then let his men tie candles to the hears of sheeps/goats. He then let these run down the hill towards Greek soldier stationed at Afyonkarahisar. The Greeks panicked and retreated/fled the area with the idea that a whole battalion was attacking. They never stopped retreating. During that retreat they indeed used the scorched-earth tactic like my Great-grandmother experienced. Watching this video knowing these details gave me goosebumps.

[@k.n.6057]

All villages near around my village were all burned and some girls got kidnapped

[@IamSome1]

That's false , literally copy pasted Hannibal's tactic, and trying to claim the glory of someone who lived thousands of years before , Yep Turkish behavior

[@k.n.6057]

@@IamSome1 what about it? Ataturk knew much about history, studied tactics like that of Alexander the Great's. What Turkish behaviour are you talking about? As if you know anything about Turks or history

[@dimitrismavridis2179]

My grandfather was born in 1915 in Vourla, a town 40 km west of Smyrni. He had to flee his hometown in September 1922 along with his two brothers and his mother. He settled in Nafplion as a refugee. His father was a volunteer soldier who got killed during the Asia minor campaign - his body never to be found. It's really interesting to hear the other side of the story.

[@aykutbozkurt6203]

@@dimitrismavridis2179 who was the winner of the war so my age is 27 my grandmother used to tell me they had a lot of difficulties their grandfather and uncles joined the war there were no other men in the village except children

[@shahriarhakim6673]

A Pasha famously said, "The retreat that started at Vienna stopped at Sakarya". Huge respect to Turks for defending their Homeland even at such great odds

[@ercinerturk]

Thank you brother 🙏🇹🇷

[@hermannhesse4182]

Thank you ❤️

[@youreacuck]

“homeland” lmao

[@hermannhesse4182]

@@youreacuck Nearly 2,000-year-old homeland, yes. :)

[@dan812]

They are from Central Asia

[@lamprosboussakis9482]

Thank you for this excellent documentary!

[@sockerfield]

Greece had and still today have a big appetite 😅

[@reginaldcattermole7602]

my maternal grandmother was born the day bursa was occupied by the greek army. her father was fighting against the occupation - died in 1975. they had no rations, and one day he actually had to ambush and kill a greek soldier to feed himself. he returned home after the greeks were driven out. my paternal great grandmother lost all the men in her family - and all males from her village in sakarya except for one deserter, in galipoli in 1915. we still have her brother and first fiance's photograph they took together just before deployment. my great grandmother prayed for them everyday until she passed away in 1987.

[@Hioloi]

❤

[@rawchino6962]

Sorry for ur losses in your family. My Great grand dad fought in the war and came back when we lost. He was a greek officer. A great man.

[@SteliosAntoniouAL23]

Sorry, can you please clarify what you mean by "he actually had to ambush and kill a greek soldier to feed himself"? Cause, I feel like I'm losing my grip here.

[@geaskadosh]

​@SteliosAntoniouAL23 probably got his rations and ate it, not the Greek soldier himself

[@sevimekmekci915]

​@@SteliosAntoniouAL23 Erzak için , yani yiyecek yok ,Türkler yam yam değil ...

[@michaelsinger4638]

The level of hatred and bitterness and brutality on both sides is tragic to hear about. But Mustafa Kemal’s accomplishments are truly extraordinary. Her earned the title of “Ataturk.”

[@CiceroSolo]

He would have earned a death penalty at The Hague if he had done his horrific human rights abuses 30 years later

[@ggoddkkiller1342]

This is what happens when some foreign powers arm and courage minorities to rebel for capturing their ''historical lands'' which were Turkish majority for hundreds of years! Entente powers should have never entered Turkish majority territories but sadly they did same mistake again and again, Russian empire eastern Anatolia, British empire Gallipoli, French empire southern Anatolia, Armenia eastern Anatolia again, Greece western Anatolia including even Smyrna which had Turkish majority!! It is really insane Entente powers tried to drive away Turks with their own forces and proxies then could still claim genocide when they were defeated and their proxies got driven away instead...

[@ausar3852]

Indeed

[@sireuc]

What a man he was

[@CiceroSolo]

@@sireuc He was the man Hitler copied off for the Final Solution

[@Rok_Satanas]

As a Greek i can tell you that we didn't learn a thing and i am guessing the turks didn't either. I finished school a decade ago, let's say that i did history like 20 or 15 years ago and i didn't learn about the Greek atrocities, only the Turkish ones. This is sad.

[@hextattic2568]

You wanna talk about turkish atrocities in the Greek war of indipendence?

[@haswan123]

@@hextattic2568 Tell me what happened. No Turk will respond without being attacked.

[@theia4296]

@satanas If you continue to stand behind the Sevilla map, it will end like Sevr

[@Rok_Satanas]

@@theia4296 I never said that i stand by any map. I simply stated that the Greek government doesn't teach their population about their atrocities and made the assumption that probably the Turkish one doesn't either. I am not sure what you are trying to imply

[@theia4296]

@@Rok_Satanas What I want to talk about is the Greek government, which can make independent decisions, for some reason the countries that the USA applauds do not end well. If there was an independent Greek government, it would learn from mistakes and not support terrorism

[@MrDoenerliebhaber]

Book recommendations 1. The Turkish War of Independence: A Military History, 1919-1923 | Erickson, Edward J. 2. The Young Atatürk: From Ottoman Soldier to Statesman of Turkey | George W. Gawrych 3. Atatürk by Andrew Mango 4. The Last Ottoman Wars: The Human Cost, 1877-1923 | Salt, Jeremy

[@tolgatubadan7652]

you can also read nutuk by mustafa kemal atatürk himself

[@ole993]

Turkish war of independence or Turkish war og genocide and ethnic cleansing of natives?

[@flks7172]

Not War of Independence. We were independent already. we fougth a SAlvation War and won

[@serdaruysal613]

amazing documentary, thank you

[@yrobtsvt]

Wtf is this war, Toynbee and Hemingway were reporting on it, it created the 1922 Committee in the UK... and the only thing I knew about it before watching this video was a Tom & Jerry meme of Turkey getting beaten up then coming back stronger

[@johnroche7541]

Check out the mid I990's Turkish TV series "Kurtulus" which is on You Tube. Great action sequences.

[@wtel9536]

Because the Turks themselves were a decently cohesive and effective force, the Ottoman Empire collapsed mostly due to the ineptitude and/or subversive actions of the Arabs.

[@ggoddkkiller1342]

@@wtel9536 Ottoman was collapsing for more 100 years, all Pashas knew it was over and even if they could win some battles they were going to be overwhelmed eventually as it happened many times. So Ottoman was literally orderly retreating while trying to preserve more but everything changed when enemies stepped foot on Turkish majority territories as they were no retreat zone. Still it wasn't easy as there were only 10 million Turks in 1914 which is really a laughable number if you compare it to populations of Germany, Russia etc..

[@chrisbailey7550]

@@ggoddkkiller1342 it's comparable to the population of Greece, though!

[@MH-jg6vk]

@@wtel9536 the empire collapsed due to Turks themselves… the Young Turks , also known as Ittihat ve terraki who’s actions consequently led to the final demise of the empire 1908-1922.

[@isaactomangrief9158]

Such effortless pronunciation from Jesse, from Afrikaans to Japanese through Russian, Hungarian, French, and countless more, but finally tripped up by Welsh! (Great video as always, well done GW team!)

[@jessealexander2695]

I suspected as much!

[@haydekalkgidelim7900]

Unfortunitely greece learn nothing from past, still far from indepentency still toy of western imperials.

[@castelodeossos3947]

Effortless indeed, but effortlessly erroneous in pronunciation of Turkish words, I'm afraid. Don't understand why. It's so easy to find the correct pronunciation on the Net.

[@talibantiagotaliyago7705]

What about African languages?? Tonga. Zulu .suthu

[@ramzi0]

His German is great too.

[@miketackabery7521]

Thank you for this video. I've been wanting to know about this war for years now. Great job. Thanks again!

[@MichaelRahkoYourlocalLoco]

Dude just to know greece was the resistance

[@ClassicFormulaOne1]

Great episode. Thank you Jesse&Team, I've learned some new things.

[@zoperxplex]

Ataturk was a man of destiny. He ripped to shreds the future offered to the Turks by the overly confident Entente Powers. As a result Turkey managed to avoid the same fate as befell Germany.

[@CasperJoosten]

When you say 'the same fate' you mean "face consequences for horrors committed as an aggressor in a world war'?

[@c.s.4273]

@@CasperJoosten No, he means the partition like it happened to Germany known to them as the "Teilung".

[@ChanahsCreativeEdits]

Turkey will be partitioned, ataturk merely delayed the inevitable!

[@JohnDoe-pt8gs]

Except the Entente WERE willing to use force in Germany to enforce the treaty, as the French occupation of the Rhineland demonstrated. One of many absurdities in history that is too often overlooked.

[@c.s.4273]

@@ChanahsCreativeEdits Selanik will be ours again. And much more. Whole Balkans is ours.

[@eduardovaldivia5572]

Awesome! I’ve been waiting on this channels covering of the 2nd half of the Greco Turkish war since you covered the earlier parts in earlier videos.

[@julyan1386]

Came here from watching Turkish drama Vatanim Sensin. I started watching the series because of Hilal and Leon but stayed because of the story. Got curious and so did a little research on the background of the war and this video helped A LOT. Thanks for this. Learned another part of history.

[@helsavv]

Same here

[@kaskan9968]

Same here

[@Ozgur72]

A bit late but Vatanım Sensin was loosely based on a real person, Mustafa Mümin Aksoy or "Gavur Mümin" as he was called.

[@jasontzouganatos9311]

So funny that the greek school system does such a great job at being biased that I, as a greek, am on the second to last grade of school and we didn't touch on the fact that greece invaded turkey on such level, while the system really focuses on the distraction of smyrna and the refugees. I am honestly mad. Megali Idea is portrayed to us like it is not the core of the problem.

[@DivineHellas]

It isnt, the Megalí idea was to liberate the Turkish occupied Anatolian lands there is nothing ethically wrong with that whatsoever.

[@luciouspyro9524]

Turkey at that time had initiated with Germans the genocide of the Greeks . Read Fokaia 1915 genocide

[@jasontzouganatos9311]

I see thanks for educating me!

[@c.r.t.]

You are right that the school is not talking about this war, but not for what you think. The Great Idea, was about Constantinople and Smyrna, places that had been Greek for thousands of years... After the fall of Venizelos (who was the supporter of the Great Idea) the offensive began so to neutralize the Turkish forces, not to take the territories permanently, but it was a huge mistake and led to the Asia Minor disaster...

[@DarkVeilNebula]

@@luciouspyro9524Türkiye didnt exist in 1915 🤷‍♂️

[@josiptito9412]

you know that a war is controversial when it has three names: one for the attacker, one for the defendant, and one for the outside observer.

[@Onattttt]

Every war is named differently by each side even the medieval ones.

[@big_2361]

@@Onattttt bro what are you doing, you exposed his “deep” observation 😭😭

[@shahriarhakim6673]

@@big_2361 deep thoughts with deep

[@brsars]

However, as you will see at the end of this documentary, sometimes the attacker and the outside observer can be the same person.

[@rosettasober]

@@Onattttt Spiral out, keep going brother!

[@empatikokumalar8202]

thank you. It was as unbiased and explanatory as possible.

[@barisveesitlik9310]

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk wasn't only a military genius, he was a political and social genius too. For me he was the genius of 20th century. Such a great leader who always wanted peace. As he said if war isn't necessary then it's a murder, peace at home peace in the world.

[@kitkatsinAlaska]

I mean he still forced the greeks out and committed genocide... sometimes Turkish nationalists clown on Greece and say the genocide was justified

[@neosupperolddesigner]

These are historical events in which some honorable and proud events took place in our past, but in reality a lot of sadness, tears and losses were experienced. I hope that every modern person is aware that we leave these events in the past and that we learn lessons from them. The civilization we have developed now allows us to live together! We can live together very well. And even every contemporary who can read this day well realizes that when there is destruction somewhere, it affects the whole globe. Syria is one of the current examples. Refugees, economic balance, everything is upside down. I think that in the 19th century, we left behind to act with the intelligence of populist politicians, in line with the interests of various power groups. Love to all, bright tomorrows. from Turkey!

[@sevimekmekci915]

❤❤❤❤❤

[@user-nw9ym3sg7p]

Το ποιο ωραίο σχόλιο έτσι ακριβώς..ωραίος.

[@sdfghj99]

Kimse birlikte falan yaşayamaz polyanna

[@billba]

Amazing answer. Greek with ancestry near Erdek/Artaki.

[@deniz_0909]

14:35 This saying is actually a war tactic. The tactic is that if the enemy attacks you and breaks your defense, you retreat 500 meters. then they start running towards the enemy and they can't bring a cannon machine gun and enough ammunition with them. then the front war begins , the enemy's ammunition is reduced . you counterattack and can seize their military equipment as the enemy starts to flee quickly

[@asasas9146]

I think it can be classified as a feigned retreat

[@traindude80]

Incredible episode. Really glad you focus on these very important, but lesser known (in the west) post-war events.

[@christhomas4965]

This was amazing! Thank you for the history lesson and amazing history that I never knew!

[@georgestamatakis697]

Significantly inaccurate lesson.

[@efec4488]

@@georgestamatakis697 lol mad bc lost to a collapsed nation which had no armies. stay mad

[@khatziOG]

My Grandfather was a Greco-ottoman soldier. After the great war, he was left stranded in South Arabia as he didn't know where to go back to. His family and relatives were forced to evacuate their Greek village in Thrace and had no idea where they are or if they actually survived the barbaric massacres conducted by the Greek Christians against the Greek Muslims in Thrace. He never went back and ended marrying my Somali Grandmother and settled in Somalia for a while before moving back to Aden (South Yemen) where he lived the remainder of his life. My father worked really hard before his passing to connect the lineage and found his family in Turkey. They said they tried their best to find their brother but it was chaos and complete madness at the time that they just assumed he passed away and moved on. we are so happy to finally meet our extended family from the Aegean sea. Watching this really made me wonder the amount of hardship my relatives went through. They lost so many of their relatives in the chaos. Truly a sad history that I feel the Greek government at the time carries its responsibility for the unnecessary gamble to inflict damage on the Turks and specially the innocent population in Anatolia. They could've preserved human life and tried a more humane way to garner support but they chose bloodshed which cost them Anatolia and the revenge killings of Christian Greeks in Asia minor

[@nerdSlayerstudioss]

Did you know what happened before this? Or is that just revisionist history? Revenge doesn't really make revenge, but there were clear reasons they did what they did (humans always have reasons). Before any of that...they were occupied and being murdered.

[@stephenconroy5908]

Long one but I do hope more of this conflict is explored in future (WELL DONE GREAT WAR CHANNEL FOR DOING SO!): 25:00 is basically a huge moment in British political history where not many people understand what it was the result of; it was mind-blowing learning about this at aged 16, the notion that Lloyd George and Churchill were willing to fight a war against and in Turkey not four years after the end of the last great war! And now in recent British political developments, the 1922 Committee is part of everyday language even among casual, less informed observers. Also a round of applause for Ataturk, our national army museum had him in the top 5 of Britain's greatest opponents and rightly so, a worthy and honourable adversary indeed. His words for the British fallen at Gallipoli are on a memorial at the National Memorial Arboretum: "There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours... You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears. Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace." I cried. He didn't have to be so magnanimous, and yet.

[@TheGreatWar]

we included the 1922 committee specifically because it was in the news again recently.

[@onurkrc21]

Mustafa Kemal was a peaceful man. RİP.

[@strikeone7803]

"...in coming and dying on these lands they have become our sons as well" RIP to the ANZACS and Turks

[@SiPakRubah]

It seems both of them didn't learned what happened to their troops and ANZAC during the Gallipoli Campaign, and didn't see the strong feelings of nationalism in the Türkiye army during the Greek-Turkish War It's still amazing how Turks can managed to hold their country from being annexed, from WW1 until this war

[@forthrightgambitia1032]

The Chanak crisis is well remembered in Canada too as it is considered their first independent diplomatic act against direct British interests. The political fallout led to the Statue of Westminster in 1931. The whole incident is now regarded as a footnote in textbooks but is surprisingly important in its after-effects. It is interesting also to note the Treaty of Lausanne is currently being challenged by the current Turkish government who want to regain control of martime territories surrounding Greek islands that were ceded to Greece in this treaty.

[@ardafrlar4130]

I still can't believe that our ragtag army organises one of the most successful blitzkreig in the world. 400 km in 4 days, complete annihilation of enemy armies. I'm proud to be grandchildren of thoese heroes.

[@pan-demics8015]

Greece was ruined economically mainly. Turkey didn't really win on the battlefield.

[@dogukantopal4809]

​@@pan-demics8015 bruh...

[@dersu7417]

That ragtag army of turkish peasants was commanded by the graduates of the military academy of istanbul. Those guys fought in balkan wars, italo-turkish war and ww1. They were pretty exprienced compared to greeks. Also soviets helped considerably.

[@ardafrlar4130]

@@pan-demics8015 So this is why General Tripukis had learned his assignment as commender of chief from Mustafa Kemal as a pow? Bad economy? I have serious doubts about your thesis when i saw at the figures of 60% of Greek frontline troops taken captive or killed. This victory achieved by extreme efforts of Turkish nation at its weakest time while their capital annexed with less manpower less material less logistics and no economy.

[@pan-demics8015]

@@ardafrlar4130 Greece by no means had the ability to invade by herself. The fact that Greece tried was by itself suicidal given the economic situation. I personally would have never left the Milne line. I don't doubt the Turks fought hard, but they had help from the Soviets, which if they didn't have they probably would have lost. Greece had Italy and France being actively hostile against it (sometimes even supporting Turkey against Greece in the case of Italy) and also had an indifferent UK, which was her main ally. Greece simply did not have the resources to sustain a 200,000 strong army in Anatolia for so long.

[@s.kastrati1964]

Super Video 👍. Thanks so much.

[@stuarthall3874]

I did not know about this war. Thank you for the documentary.

[@alperenerol1852]

Treaty of Sevres: Let's occupy Anatolia Mustafa Kemal: Hold my raki.

[@gnas1897]

Raki, the only thing that will forever unite the Balkans

[@sultansu7564]

@@gnas1897 let's make a balkan pact

[@armija]

@@gnas1897 Actually other than name, Turkish raki is completely different thing from Balkan one...

[@zibidigonzales_1]

atatürkün kurtardığı memlekette değil atatürkün zamanında 40 lira maaşla geçinen dedelerinin kurtardığı memlekette yaşıyorsun

[@sultansu7564]

@@zibidigonzales_1 yani?

[@georgeiv6925]

Greeks came as a police force at first in Asia Minor (in reality in order to keep Italy off central aegean Anatolia) ,then they were used by Britain an France in order to persuade Kemal to exchange his new nation state ( last to come of the ottoman empire) with Iraq and Syria. Population exchange and the drawing of borders after the signing of the Laussane treaties. As a Greek it wouldn't surprise me if we get backstabbed once more from our allies out of their interests for the control of the straits and an open market more populous than ours. No bad feelings to our neighbors, they did what they had to do in order to form their nation state. Looking forward to solve our historic differences together.

[@umut.35]

they manipulated greeks and made us fight eachother. I also hope that the relations between countries get better

[@lillil4894]

Yes mate, Greeks and Turks hating each other is the dumbest thing. Everybody wants the best for his country.

[@gnas1897]

Imperialists don't want Greeks and Turks to unite. This is their biggest fear along with the Balkan peoples uniting. They use history and religion as a way to divide us, even though in reality we were united most of the time

[@geogeo639]

Exactly...

[@abdullahince7228]

The truth is always bitter. Neither the Turkish nor the GREEK people should come to the game of the IMPERIAL forces. As a TURKISH I love the GREEK peoples. political crooks are deceiving our peoples with nationalist words, by showing the two peoples as enemies. PEACE AT HOME PEACE IN THE WORLD ... KATATUTK...

[@dafyddthomas7299]

Thanks for documentary - didn't know much about this war.

[@adamcarrasco3872]

Man I love your channel dude if it wasn’t for your channel, I never would’ve known about all these unknown wars

[@adamcarrasco3872]

I forgot to mention, can you also do some more episodes of war in Mexico, the wars between the late 1800s and the final war after the revolution

[@philippepanayotov9632]

Outstanding video! Great work!

[@jimstephans1948]

This was an astonishingly detailed documentary on a subject that just does not get enough attention. Thank you GW team and as always, what a banging video!

[@esesver5587]

You have to look at a few sources to get the right information. The video is taking sides because it was taken from a single source. Contains unproven information (by international institutions)

[@zekiozdemir7208]

Anatolia is Turkish homeland. Since 1071-1922 and ♾

[@ErsinErchin]

The war was not between Turks and Greeks. It was between Turks versus Ottoman, Greece, England, Armenia, France and Italy. That is why it would be wrong to call it just Greek-Turkish War. But of course biggest wars happened against Greeks. For example England's cost are far more higher than Greece in general. These events let to India, Algeria indepedence and Canada/Australia/NZ denies.

[@vagpaithe3570]

France and italy switched sides near 1922

[@ErsinErchin]

@@vagpaithe3570 sorry but switching means that they joined Turkish supporting countries, like Russia or Afgans. However they just got seperated armistice treaties. Because they couldnt hold the ground. France had its own problems in Syria, Italy had Mussolini rising issues. The last one that had armistice was England,not Greece. So should we call Greece as switched sides? Ofc not. (But later Greece and Turkey allied against Italy because of Mussolini. Maybe we call Greece switched sides in Laussane Treaty times.)

[@luciferhd9859]

France and Italy supported turkeys with supplies after the left the Greek side.

[@Dr-Ekmek]

@@luciferhd9859 That’s a myth. They left Anatolia. Italy left weapons but that was it.

[@simka4874]

and the Glorious Turks had won!!!! Bless the Nation

[@orar6435]

the war was actually between uk vs turkey. Armistice of Mudanya was signed between Turkey and UK(not greece). Greece was just a tool. greece signed it later(as if it matters)

[@tnk.2033]

True, greek troops founded by UK, even it's aims decided and sometimes dictated by UK

[@Polo-rn8ly]

And after war, negotitaons was done with uk in lausanne.. Greeks didn't even attend to negotitaons.. Greeks war just proxy..

[@080ization]

Greek were used in this war indeed.

[@decafjava8565]

Gee this sounds familiar...

[@papapap1vs943]

Uk did absoluttely nothing..Greeks gave their blood and reach 50k out of ankara and you are still opening your mouth?Xd

[@devalapar7878]

I wished more content producers would provide a complete picture of history like this one.

[@61marazali]

Did a Great job mate!

[@radspencer8187]

Impressive leadership and organizational accomplishments from Ataturk. Now i can see why he is so overpowered in Hoi4.

[@yuzmeyibilenadam2286]

thanks bro

[@hermannhesse4182]

After the war, he gave all their civil rights to Turkish women who had no rights during the Ottoman period. He is the only leader in Europe to do so without protests. Turkish women lieutenants also took part in this war. Some were cavalry.

[@6936665]

As Turkish, I would say great pronunciation, fairly objective, unbiased, historically quite accurate. Great War, great job.

[@Kaan-hq4zb]

Adamlar Yunan ordusunun yaptığı hicbir katliama değinmemişler. Bu mu "objective, unbiased"?

[@metehan3294]

nah, they kept saying ''muh mEmoCidE'' over and over again. not objective

[@euqsad1002]

@@metehan3294 stating a fact is objective

[@metehan3294]

@@euqsad1002 yes, and stating a fictional story is not. That's why they are not objective lol

[@ridvan6644]

Adamlar yunan ordusunun yaptığı hiçbir katliama değinmemişler. Bu mu objektif tarihçilik?

[@MrHarzem]

One of the best one-sided documentary about the topic on yt

[@octaviantarabuta3015]

Outstanding documentary!

[@tokencivilian8507]

Great episode - love seeing these ~1/2 hour gems on less well known (here in the US) aspects of history. Great outro as always.

[@leventersahan9124]

Konstantinos Travlos, desteğiyle hazırlanan bu bölüm, doğal olarak Yunanlıların ve çetelerin Anadolu'da yaptıklarının detayına girmemis

[@apaxx3950]

İnanılmaz yanlı bunlar. Her başarıyı şunun bunun yardımıyla almışız gibi gösteriyorlar, karşıdakinin bizim toprağımızda yaptığının bizim sözde onlara yaptığımızdan "daha az" olduğunu söylüyorlar hep bir karşılaştırma var. Tamamen Ermeni/Yunan veya batı fonlu. Bu kanal Kaç yıldır, kaç videodur soykırım diye diye dillerinde tüy bitti, bu videoya like koymayın, telkin yöntemiyle tarih yazıyorlar. Tarihi yeniden yazmayla görevli inanılmaz Türkiye aleyhine çalışan medya dalları var ve belki bizim eğitime verdiğimiz yıllık para bu kanallara haftalık gidiyor. Erlik kanalını her Türk vatandaşına öneririm. Gözünüz açık olsun, bu çakallar tarihçi gibi görünüp bizle ilgili bir iki güzel laf eder, sonra alçakça 5 suçlamayı cümle arasında giydirir atana, ruhunuz duymaz. Bizim ortalama vatandaşta medya okuryazarlığı azdır, Yabancılar anlıyor ama orada ve kanıyorlar. History revisionist bullshit.

[@militarytv8633]

aynen öyle gerçeklerden uzak durmuş :)

[@leventersahan9124]

@@Epicurus941 ABD, Fransa, İngiltere, İtalya, Ermenistan ve iç isyancılar desteği ile savaşı destekleyecek nüfusu ve sanayisi olmayan bir ülkeye yapabildiğinizin en iyisi bu.

[@ASouflias]

​@@leventersahan9124 It is well established that the allies did not help Greece during Asia Minor campaign and it is even shown in this documentary. On the other hand your army was naked and barren of any sufficient weaponry until you made a pact with the commies. Ottoman Empire was a joke and would have ended if France and the UK did not save you after Russians beat you again and again. Your Empire did not even last for 500 years when the Eastern Roman Empire survided for over 1000. Survived the Goths, the Huns, the Bulgars, the Caliphate, the Normans, the Crusaders and finally fell to the Turks. What major threat did you face? As I said only Russia, which would have destroyed you at least twice if Anglo-French did not save you. So leave your turkish arguments about western help for your failed Empire. It's funny that even your muslim brethren in the Levant, Arabia, Egypt and Libya hate Turks. That's how majestic the Ottoman Empire and Turkey were.

[@cosmokramer7462]

Bu kanalin sunucusu turklere karsi her zaman tarafli bilgiler sunuyor. dikkatinize cektiyse turkler, ermenileri oldurdu, ermeniler daha az turk oldurdu falan dedi hirbo. bastan sona greekler umutsuzdu, ingilizler destek vermedi vs dedi turk ordusu'nun basarisini kucuk gostermek icin.

[@corleone7007]

Great Job ! Thanks

[@WildBillCox13]

Excellent content. Shared with relish. Hi Jesse! Hi Flo!

[@Asterix958]

7:20. In late 1920, regular army had just been established. Its number 5-6 thousand in late 1920, it increased to 15-20 thousand in 1921 January, 40 thousand (plus 30 thousand deserters) in 1921 August (Battle of Sakarya) and 105 thousand in 1922 August (Great Offensive).

[@lobnoyemesto]

Dostum bu sayılar doğru değil, nüfusu 15 milyon ve 2/3' ünden fazlası kadın olan (erkeklerin de çoğu yaşlı, çocuk yahut gayritürklerdi) Anadolu nüfusundan 100 bin asker çıkmaz. Savaşlar sırasında binlerce kaçkın vardı. Bu sayıları nerden elde ettin?

[@Asterix958]

​@@lobnoyemesto For January 1921: 14.596 soldier, 796 officer, 8.750 rifle, 63 gun. 1 1 Genel Kurmay Başkanlığı ATASE, Türk İstiklal Harbi, c. VI. İstiklal Harbinde Ayaklanmalar, p. 234. For Battle of Sakarya August 1921: 40.000 soldier 2 2 Yetmişlik Bir Subayın Hatıraları. p. 241. For Great Offensive August 1922: 100 thousand rifle 3, 110 thousand soldier 4 3 Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Siyasi Haıtralar, c. I. p. 45. 4 Fahrettin Altay, 10 Yıl Savaş (1912-1922) ve Sonrası (I don't remember page number).

[@karacaddy]

@@lobnoyemesto nüfus o zaman 6,5 milyon bile değildi...

[@kodflora]

@@karacaddy o kadarda değil 10 milyon ciyariydi Türkiye kurulduktan 15 sene sonra 18 milyon olmuştur

[@karacaddy]

@@kodflora İşgal altında olmayan bölgelerin nüfusu bu... Kurtuluştan sonra zaten anadolu büyük bir göç almıştır, özellikle balkanlardan..

[@alpergoynusen2839]

there were two main war strategy used in sakarya, one is to hit long supply lines with cavalary forces and make opponent to be starved. second was not to pull back the whole line even if the defense line is split/break, to build a trench 100-200 meters behind and reinforce it. for the second strategy, greeks and english officers couldnt realised how to overcome because this kind of defence strategy havent used before. greeks moved forward only few kilometers within 22 days and starved because there was no supply. they were too away from railway points and they couldnt defend supply lines from turkish cavalary.

[@just-watch-the-game]

Merhabalar çeviride hata vardı sanırım . Çünkü Pontus mevzusunda olara tek taraflı bakılmış. Hatta genel olarak olaylar tek yönlü. İzmiri de biz yakmışız ya :)

[@hellenick8867]

Hannibal Barca the Carthaginian used this tactic against the Romans. Also in battle of Sakarya, the Greeks failed to secure in time the critical key defensive positions (Mangal Dag) just like the coalition failed to secure in time the key points in Canakkale. If the Greeks had been successful in breaching the defenses quickly then the cavalry harassment would had been useless. But such defensive positions demand a lot of manpower and artillery pieces to be breached correctly in time.

[@alpergoynusen2839]

@@hellenick8867 there were two cavalary batallion in Sakarya as far as I remember. One is holding the southern part of infantry brigade in order to prevent any siege. Second was freely roaming from Konya to Eskişehir in order to prevent supply chain. I guess you mentioned the first one.

[@dimitrislm5935]

You re correct for the strategy part, but Greeks (England didnt help at all) knew what was happening... It was political reasons ( ambition, they were waiting English support, new political party that changed all generals and commanders because they were their people)

[@andrewbakunin6465]

Great explanation very enjoyable

[@mosesfidelo1934]

Very nice Documentary, 👍👍👍

[@2Sor2Fig]

8:13 - As a Zimbabwean, I find it hilarious that he died from a monkey bite. I've literally never even heard of that happening to anyone; that it happened to a Greek prince just blows my mind. And the way he just breezed past it, I think we need a bit more context, lol.

[@Niko-vh8pj]

Lol😀

[@randomdude6900]

There wasn't any medication for it. There is lots of illnesses that were dangerous back then that seems stupid nowadays.

[@geogeo639]

Who knows if it was a monkey bite or poison? His death was beneficial to the Great Powers.

[@Panos-xo9rc]

The monkey bit him twice,in his arm and then his leg.The leg trauma was quite deep, caused septicemia and he died a couple of weeks later.

[@GhostGamer123Ghost]

From Wikipedia: On 2 October 1920, Alexander was injured while walking through the grounds of the Tatoi estate. A domestic Barbary macaque belonging to the steward of the palace's grapevines attacked or was attacked by the king's German Shepherd Dog, Fritz, and Alexander attempted to separate the two animals. As he did so, another monkey attacked Alexander and bit him deeply on the leg and torso. Eventually servants arrived and chased away the monkeys, and the king's wounds were promptly cleaned and dressed but not cauterized. He did not consider the incident serious and asked that it not be publicized. That evening, his wounds became infected; he suffered a strong fever and sepsis set in. His doctors considered amputating his leg, but none wished to take responsibility for so drastic an act. On 19 October, he became delirious and called out for his mother, but the Greek government refused to allow her to re-enter the country from exile in Switzerland, despite her own protestations. Finally, the queen dowager, Olga, George I's widow and Alexander's grandmother, was allowed to return alone to Athens to tend to the king. She was delayed by rough waters, however, and by the time she arrived, Alexander had already died of sepsis twelve hours previously at a little after 4 p.m. on 25 October 1920.

[@rondoengin1842]

Heroes who shed their blood and lost their lives! You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and Mehmets to us where they lie side by side here in this country of ours. You, the mothers, who sent their sons from far away countries wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.” M. Kemal Atatürk

[@justsomeguywithoutalife4394]

It was for ANZAC soldiers who died in Gallipoli

[@themisargyros1528]

You are quoting a criminal congrats bro you fell for Turkish propaganda

[@hermannhesse4182]

@@themisargyros1528 salty huh😄

[@themisargyros1528]

@@hermannhesse4182 turkey doesn’t have history they have a criminal record

[@serhatlindemann4327]

@@themisargyros1528 10iq

[@MrNiceGuyHistory]

Great stuff!

[@hermannhesse4182]

You did not include war crimes. Greek prime minister Venizelos said it would remain a black mark for his country for life. Two-thirds of our village was burned by the Greek army and 17 children were raped. Tasos Kostopoulos wrote about Greek war crimes in his book. Orphaned children were smuggled to Athens. Greek soldiers smuggled some Turkish women they raped into Greece. One of them, Handan Hanım, lost her sanity and burned down the house where she lived. Nearly 1 million Turkish civilians have died in Greece war crimes.

[@konstantinoskonstantinos6399]

And more than 1 million Greek civilians have suffered the same fate in Turkey.

[@vasilikipiperidou3494]

Not necessarily true cause turks did rhe same and commited 2 genocides during rhis war ehich turkey hasnt reconized yet and will not

[@hknclk41]

Hatt-ı müdafaa yoktur sath-ı müdafaa vardır O satıh bütün vatandır Vatanın her karış toprağı vatandaşın kanıyla ıslanmadıkça terk olunamaz Onun için küçük büyük her birlik bulunduğu mevziden atılabilir MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK🇹🇷🇦🇿🇹🇷

[@nadidesonmez3419]

👍🇹🇷🐺🇹🇷

[@zibidigonzales_1]

Filistinde kaçtıydı ama 🤣🤣🤣😂😂😂😂

[@hasankandemir466]

@@zibidigonzales_1 filistin arap olduğu için kaçması bizlik sorun değil. neden bizi arkamızdan bıçaklayan arapları koruyalım

[@zibidigonzales_1]

@@hasankandemir466 kardeşim araplar ihanet falan etmedi şerif hüseyin ihanet etmeden önce çekilmiş adam

[@zibidigonzales_1]

@@hasankandemir466 bi şerif hüseyin için arapları suçlayamassın

[@MilvuSe]

Greeks: Oh no our economy and allied support is collapsing we can't win a offensive war At the same time Turks: haha we don't even have economy to get worse and no allies to lost. liberation go brrrt

[@petekay6509]

No allies???? Everybody was supporting Kemal !!!! what are you talking about ??????

[@isshyboy]

​@@petekay6509 who's everybody? Apart from some arms from Russia

[@jupiterbirlesikgezegenleri9884]

@@isshyboy and we buyed that arms with a fricking CITY

[@hoplite101able]

No allies ??? The bolsheviks ,the Italian and lastly the anglo and French who betrayed Greece in order to maximize their gains in the middle east became your allies!!!

[@isshyboy]

@@hoplite101able No help on the battlefield. Stop trying to make excuses for your defeat. You fought well but were soundly beaten at the end, even with all the military advantages you had with equipment and manpower!!

[@aahavoc]

Very informative

[@nilgungungor264]

A question: If you had to leave a place, would you burn that place out of anger with the sadness and revenge of not being able to have that place again, or would you protect a piece of land belonging to your own country that you regained ? Although it is a well-known fact with the evidence that the Greeks burned the city while escaping from İzmir, it is nothing but black propaganda to say that the Turks did it here. Western countries have always been in alliance with Greece and have stood against Türkiye because their interests are the same as Greece's and they belong to the same religion.

[@TurkicWarrior]

Mustafa Kemal Pasha came to Istanbul by train from Adana on November 13, 1918, at noon, and on his way to Galata on the 'Kartal' steamboat he boarded from Haydarpaşa Train Station, he passed through the 55-piece occupation navy. At that time, aide-de-camp Cevat Abbas points both the enemy battleships entering the strait and the ships coming slowly behind, pointing in the direction of the Marmara, and says in a sad and somewhat timid voice, "They are coming". Mustafa Kemal Pasha looked in the direction his aide was pointing; Ships of the British navy, including the Greek battleship Averof, were slowly advancing from the Marmara to the strait. In the evening hours of that day, they would anchor in front of Dolmabahçe Palace and turn their cannons into the palace of the sovereign state for centuries. Mustafa Kemal Pasha remembered the wars fought in Çanakkale, the blood spilled and the lives lost so that these ships would not come here; Then he said in an angry, but also determined voice: "Yes, they come, they come, but one day as they have come ,so they will go"...

[@rezakarampour6286]

Search . ' Solving 9-11 By Christopher Bollyn . '

[@TurkicWarrior]

@@dreizdreiz9203 Your grandfathers when they drawning on the aegean sea side of İzmir and they beg for their lives and yelling ''Zito Kemal Zito Kemal Give Mercy''

[@guralpyldrm8180]

Some thoughts and facts 16:27 : There's a march made by the Turkish Military Orchestrate named Anthem of Sakarya ("Sakarya Marşı" in tr., if you want to listen) in the honour of this battle; "Oh, at Sakarya, my home was saved." I recommend you check it out if you're into military marches! 9:40 : The government of Sultan at Istanbul decided to not send a delegate to the London Conference for the sake of the nation; because British had invited both the Ankara government led by Mustafa Kemal and the Istanbul government of Sultan in order to create a disarray along the Turkish side. As said, the Sultan decided not to sent a delegate to prevent the British plans, even though the Ankara government was their enemy. 14:37 : The first sentence in this quotation of him is very famous here in Turkey, and now reading it in English reminded me of Stalin's order 227. In fact, I came to realize how this whole war is like a mini-Barbarossa (invaded, even threatened the enemy capital at some point, eventually to get defeated in a crushing counter attack and got destroyed completely in the end.)

[@shahriarhakim6673]

Ataturk had respect for the Sultan, for him, the sultan embodied centuries of turkish culture and tradition

[@95bekirable]

@@shahriarhakim6673 Ataturk called the Sultan a Traitor.

[@shahriarhakim6673]

@@95bekirable he called the pashas traitor who were negotiating, he never called the sultan anything negative because for him the sultan represented seven hundred years of turkish identity

[@Polo-rn8ly]

@@shahriarhakim6673 gibberissh.. İstanbul goverment with its pashas and sultan as a whole was traitor for Kemal.. Anyone Who signed or stayed silent to sevres was a traitor

[@95bekirable]

@@shahriarhakim6673 Read Nutuk and see how Ataturk calls the Sultan a Traitor, he did not have any positive feelings for the dynasty, called them parasites. "Those who had sent their nation to war have now escaped, their only anxiety being their own welfare. Vahdettin, the one carrying the titles of Sultan and Caliph, degenerated; only dreaming of the ways to save his throne. The government under the grand vizirate of Damat Ferit Paşa, without honor, frightened and incompetent, under the command of the sultan and in the same boat as him, ready to accept anything for the sake of their lives." "The enemy states were attacking the Ottoman State materially and psychologically; they were determined to partition it. The person carrying the titles of the sultan and caliph was only anxious to save his own life. The government was behaving similarly. The people left without guidance waited in darkness, anticipating an unknown future. Those who began to understand the horrible situation were contemplating the ways of salvation, turning to those tools familiar to them. The army existed only in name. The officers were exhausted after the Great War, while the terrible situation before them was tearing their hearts out, and still they were searching the ways to salvation. Here I want to stress one important thing. The army and the people were altogether unaware of the treachery of the sultan-caliph. They were attached to these institutions by their soul, an affection based on a tradition of several centuries. The people could not even consider their salvation without the guidance of the sultan-caliph." "I took my turn to speak and I declared loudly: Gentleman, power and sovereignty are not given from one person to another by scholarly debates or polemics. Sovereignty is taken by force. The Ottomans took the sovereignty of the Turkish people by force. These usurpers managed to rule 600 years. Today the Turkish Nation has reclaimed that sovereignty for itself. This is an accomplished fact. There is no need to discuss this further. It is quite desirable that those present here can accept this truth. Otherwise some heads will roll during this process."

[@Diogenes412BC]

amazing work

[@Bluebirdiran]

Nice narration.

[@angelb.823]

21:44-22:22 Fun fact: In the Greek region of Chalkidiki, in the southern region of Macedonia, lie many hamlets and towns that are named after some of the towns and cities of Asia Minor. New Triglia and New Mudanya for example. There is even a church in the town of New Triglia (the original region in Bithynia, Asia Minor was home to the Archbishop of Smyrna Chrysostomos) that bears the Archbishop's name, honor, and legacy.

[@mammuchan8923]

Cool fun fact 👍

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@@mammuchan8923 when you see places in Greece with " nea- " ( new ) in their names 9 out of 10 used to be refugee communities 😉

[@mammuchan8923]

@@Pavlos_Charalambous ahh, clever😎

[@nedimdegirmenci6]

The archbishop did not has any honor. He had advised Greek troops to drink Turkish blood as much as they can achieve. He provoked numerous atrocities against Turks. He died in a way that he deserved. We had 35.000 captives including many Greek generals. They were not executed. The archbishop was executed because of his crimes. He was a zealot bigot.

[@fatihonal6273]

@@Pavlos_Charalambous same in Turkey. There it is "yeni" instead of "nea".

[@HebaruSan]

19:14 - This made me wonder, is warfare the origin of the phrase "as opposed to"? I don't recall hearing it used that way before, but it may be the most defensible meaning of the phrase.

[@myjinji8079]

Thank you for telling our story.

[@chatzzz9063]

Great video

[@mandrinvuthaj4543]

As Albanians my heart filled with joy listening to this documentary. What a victory of the Turks .respect from albania 🇦🇱🇹🇷

[@themisargyros1528]

What skanderberg fought for uh?for you to put Turkish flag next to Albanian?

[@DF-oc1dl]

@mandrin Vuthaj As an Albanian you're not ALBANIAN.

[@serkancaner4636]

My heart is with Albania and Macedonia💫💫 from Turkey

[@themisargyros1528]

@@dalecannon6769 don’t say us like we are equals disrespecting other peoples beliefs will only get you punished

[@furkanLK]

@@DF-oc1dl FCK SKANDER UR NOT MUSLIM!! MUSLIM KOSOVO ALBANIAN SHQIPTAR BIG LOVE FROM TÜRKIYE!!

[@mr.tobacco1708]

Ernest Hemingway's report is pretty ironic because that was the situation of the millions of Muslims and Turks who fled from Balkans to Konstantiniyye to save themselves from the Balkan powers during the First Balkan War. "They were the last of the glory that was Ottoman Empire"

[@Vishnujanadasa108]

Well there was no genocide of Muslims in Europe and they committed many atrocities during the Balkan wars especially against Bulgarians.

[@veysel3594]

@@Vishnujanadasa108 You made me laugh, don't be funny. How about the genocide committed against Muslim civilians in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1992-1995 in the middle of Europe in the 20th century?

[@mr.tobacco1708]

@@Vishnujanadasa108 Oooooof course, of course you guys are always innocent.

[@neonationalist1772]

@@Vishnujanadasa108 Lolll mandirchap🤣🤣

[@tatilla933]

@@Vishnujanadasa108 LOL Non ending innocence of Christians huh? sure sure ofc ..

[@thesaints-7-andrew.]

Watching from Greece.hi everybody. Great documentary.

[@MehmetOzturk-sq2qo]

Nice work ! Thanks. This war has shown the world once again how patriotic Turks can become (even at very weak circumstances) when their independence is at stake. Yes we might have controversial issues at home, but when our future is at risk we immediately forget about differences and unite very strongly against the enemy. Thats why, starting from central asian times, Turks have established 16 different states in history and never been ruled by a foreign power ever.

[@qy9892]

@Bob Mar Avrupalılar bizim tarafımızda olmadıklarından ötürü bizi kötülemek işlerine geliyor. Zaten çoğu ırkçı, bir iki tane Suriyeli görseler ölecekler sanki.

[@sntn5425]

@Bob Mar tüm gayrimüslimler osmanlı altında dünyanın hiçbiryerinde yaşamadıkları rahatlıkla yaşamış yahudiler hristiyanlar yunanlar. ilk sallantıda bu şekilde bağımsızlık istenip ayaklanırsan her türlü katliamı soykırımı karşında bulursun. EN BÜYÜK KATİL BİZİZ.

[@jeffkarin7894]

No hate dude, but literally, the Turks did have that many states because they were fleeing many different invasions. Russia and China ruled the Stans ( the original Turks ) for approximately 900 years. The very reason Turks settled in Anatolia was fleeing invasions in their homeland

[@MehmetOzturk-sq2qo]

@@jeffkarin7894 Start from those times then :)

[@ahmetgunay91]

@@jeffkarin7894 I suggest you research about why the Great Wall of China was built.

[@ultraranger1286]

1:10 "The United States has no appetite in the region besides sending humanitarian aid" Well that was ironic

[@lst141]

Probably they didn’t know where was the Dardanelles and Constantinople

[@kayraatilla9245]

@@lst141 i am prety sure most of them stil dont

[@DarkBloa]

Americans only deal with Turkey on Thanksgiving

[@havocgr1976]

If I recall their battleships were just watching when people from Smyrna were drowning in front of em to escape the fires.Thats how much neutral they were in this.

[@DM-wk7yr]

Germany: Versailles Treaty was TERRIBLY harsh on us! We’ve been treated the worst. Turkey: Are we a joke to you? You know what? We’re gonna fight this war all over again and win!

[@emregunel4171]

@@aydnbostan836 Yanlış anlamışsın abi.Savaşalım demiyor.Çeviriye bas.Çevirisi özetle şöyle :Almanya versayla birlikte kötü durumda olduğunu söylüyor.Türkiye ise şaka mı yapıyorsun hadi tekrardan savaşalım ve kazanalım diyor.

[@aydnbostan836]

Sanırım çeviride bir yanlışlık oldu öyle anladım teşekkürler

[@DM-wk7yr]

@@aydnbostan836 Yok abi. Herhangi bir saygısızlık niyetinde değildim. Eminim çeviride bir şeyler kaybolmuştur. Demek istediğim, Türkiye Büyük Savaş'ta kaybettiyse ve 1918'de eski devlet yenildiyse, o zaman Atatürk düşmanlarla tekrar savaşmak ve onlara karşı kazanmak için çok cesur olmalı.

[@simyager955]

Türkçe Mustafa Kemal was a person who read a lot of books and was criticized by some religious groups and her religion.

[@michaelcolello2735]

Nice one, Jesse!

[@mammuchan8923]

Wow that was an outstanding video TGW team⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐. Fascinating but very distressing to hear the levels of brutality and hate that prevailed. I know that there were deep seated and complicated reasons for this war, but at the end of the day, all that suffering for naught. I do find the co-operation that took place between the Turks and Soviet Russia to be a very interesting aspect

[@dodobaba3905]

Russia didnt want a strong uk in their doorstep. Today's ukraine war is relevant because of nato's expansion of influence but of course this doesnt justify russian occupation .

[@ggoddkkiller1342]

Western historians keep calling new Turkish government ''Turkish nationalists'' but Turkish nationalism is a lot different than for example German nationalism which heavily built on so called Aryan race. On the other hand there is no Turkish race rather Turkish people were always mixed for thousands of years. (For more information you can check cacuasian mummies of Central Asia) So Turkish nationalism is actually heavily built on statism and culture while new government also had strong secularism so it was way more similar to Soviet union than western nationalist regimes. And Soviet union heavily supported Turkish revolution indeed, for example they sent tons of weapons and supplies in exchange of ''future grain'' that Turkey grew and sent years later..

[@isshyboy]

​@@ggoddkkiller1342 Of course there's a Turkish race. what nonsense! If you're talking about people being mixed; everybody is mixed to a degree. There's no such thing as a "pure race". Real Turkish ethnicity has its roots in Central Asia. Today's ethnic Turks are as much Turkish as Greeks are Greeks or English are English.

[@ggoddkkiller1342]

@@isshyboy You should have at least searched as ''caucasian mummies of Central Asia'' then you wouldn't write such a massage! The origin of Turks is DEBATED, there are several ancient records while Chinese one claiming they are Chinese and half wolf. On the other hand Hebrew records claiming they are descendance of one of Noah's sons. So unless half wolf part seems logical for you Turks could be very well from actually west not east, in fact there are thousands of caucasian mummies all over Central Asia that some of them are over 10,000 years old showing it is a real possiblity. Therefore the roots of Turks perhaps isn't in Central Asia and nobody becomes non-Turk because they are caucasian, in fact western Turks (Oghuzs and Karluks) were heavily mixed even one thousand years ago when Seljuks invaded Anatolia. For example there are caucasian Uyghurs even today even if they have been living together with Mongols and Chinese for hundreds of years. Some western historians trying to explain this with ''Uyghurs took migration from the west in last few centruies'' but it is a huge question mark why would anybody from west migrate to those infertile and mountainous lands! On the other hand if Uyghurs were mixed and there were caucasian Uyghurs in the past it perfectly explains why there are still caucasian Uyghurs today...

[@isshyboy]

@@ggoddkkiller1342 you write a lot but still do not address my point that every race is mixed to a degree whether Turkish or Greek etc. If you're saying there's no such thing as a Turkish race that's fine but then you have to apply same logic to all do called "races"

[@ulascankayatas]

You know, everybody claims that Anatolia was an hellenistic region but everyone ignores the fact that there were "several" civilizations even before Hellenisation movement by the Alexander the Great (for example Hittites and Lydians). All of those civilizations had their own culture and languages - those informations are easly accessable on the internet - and also, i've never seen any greek who talks about their own polytheist culture. They tend to mock turks for being asimilitated by islamic culture however they forget the fact that they were asimilateted way before the turks. To sum up, Anatolia is neighter a Greek nor Turkic land. Just like in the whole history of humankind, battles occured, someone always won and claimed the field as their own cultural heritage. People should leave those 18th century nationalistic ideologies and focus on to being a collective population. World has bigger problems and fighting is not a solution. As a turk, i proud our historical journey but now we should heal our one and only homeland, our Earth.

[@basilistsakalos9643]

That 's the thing mate, you shouldn't be proud about the Turkish historical journey, instead you should be critical. There are perspectives and there are facts. The whole region of the Southeastern Mediterranean is Hellenic since time immemorial, since at least 3000 BC and according to the latest research even more. Anthropology, Archaeology, Linguistics and lately Genomic Sequencing prove that as an undisputed fact, so if you want to discuss this is the base where the conversation starts. Those information are also easily accessible on the internet. The Aegean Sea is the Hellenic "garden" and Hellenes are the indigenous habitats of the Aegean Sea since the Bronze Age, there is no Turkish "garden" here, deal with that. Historically speaking Ottomans have been raiders to these lands. These facts leave Turkey with two options, either it accepts them, apologises and plays nice asking for permission to play all together or bullies its way through to raid what it desires. History proves that Turkey repeatedly acts the latter. Understand that in a timespan of at least 5000 years of indigenous Hellenic presence in the Southeastern Mediterranean, when Ottomans raided the land and captured the 1000 year old jewel, it is merely a small fraction of 600 years compared to the Hellenic and Proto-Hellenic history and pre-history. Well done, but don't expect to get along when as a nation Turkey proudly brags about such an act. Concerning the latest Turkish claims of Mavi Vatan, if Turkey had asked nicely to play together, maybe the Hellenic Republic would have considered it on the grounds of mutual benefit and prosperity. To reverse your compatriot 's argument, when a child has a cake and doesn't want to share it, and then the other child just grabs have of the cake on the argument "hey, now that I am here we will share your cake" without asking nicely, in my book this is called bullying and theft. Nobody likes bullies mate. I am all for healing and mutual collaboration, provided you give me the acknowledgement of historical truth. Then we can heal up the wounds and mutually prosper.

[@basilistsakalos9643]

There you are! So, were you saying something about references? Apart from implying I am a hypocritic bot...

[@hautoa1513]

There is nothing i hate more than organized religion whether it be orthodox christianity or islam. Just more ways to be divided

[@ASouflias]

As I've said above. For the sake of your own argument and apart from the destruction of Troy (1300BC) and the establishment of the Ionian colonies (700BC), Anatolia/Asia Minor was mostly hellenised by 200BC. Turks conqured it around 1300AD so it has been hellenic for at least 1500 years. On the other hand, it's only been kinda turkish from 1300AD, and entirely turkish since 1922, roughly 100 years. So I suggest you re-read the history of these lands. For 1300 years (1800 if you add up the entire history of Rome) these lands were of the Eastern Roman Empire, the people spoke greek, were orthodox and identified as Romans. No other ethnicity, not a single rebelion for 1300 years, nothing. If you're argument is about Hittites and Lydians, meaning civilizations that had ceased to exist even by the conquest of Persia, it is void.

[@Tofsar]

@@ASouflias Wow, i never heard that stupid thing on the world that much " For 1300 years (1800 if you add up the entire history of Rome) these lands were of the Eastern Roman Empire, the people spoke greek, were orthodox and identified as Romans. No other ethnicity, not a single rebelion for 1300 years, nothing." Before the suggest re-read maybe you need to re-read

[@varovaro1967]

What a great episode

[@HellenicWolf]

Great work.

[@emreyldz4324]

As a Turk i want to shout out to our Greek neighbours; before the French Revolution our ancestors lived in harmony in the same towns, villages and cities for centuries. Let's moan the dead together, don't forget them, but we shouldn't let this video which speaks about atrocities every two minutes become a grudge between our nations. We can build a more peaceful, prosperous mediterenean civilization and society together. Just like the old days. Edit: For those who are triggered; This is a CIA funded video which tries to escalate tensions between Greece and Turkey which our people doesn't want any conflict but peace. Don't think that Intelligence ageincies doens't roams through KZbin channels. They "own" most of them, if you listen carefully you could understand most of them, like infographics show, follow to stay in the loop, Vox, New York Times list goes on and on.

[@perseusarkouda]

As a Greek I totally agree. No more hate and war.

[@johnk.6105]

I don't believe that we will leave in peace ever again, we will be for ever enemies with separate futures etc. I believe that we will fight in the next years because we don't have separate everything, we still have Turkish minority and these minority will be the reason for the next Greco Turkish war. Peace exist in a very thin line we are not like Holland and Belgium which they do not have either borders between them. And of course the biggest difference between the two nations is religious and human rights.

[@ulker922]

@@johnk.6105 You don't have the slightest idea of ​​what war is and how terrible it is… I know how the rights of the Turks in Greece were taken away over time, especially after the Cyprus peace operation; The same happened to the Greeks in Turkey, but how do you think they could cause a war?! Greeks are really paranoid about Turkey and Turks 🤔 also Turkey has been experiencing human rights violations in our country in recent years, but this was not always the case. As far as I know, there were too many human rights violations during the military junta period.

[@hakandemirtas7948]

Türkiye'yi herhangi bir hristiyan ülke ile savaşması nı Batı'nın istemesine inanamıyorum,batı turkiyenin Yunanistan'ı yenmesinden sonra nasıl rahat edecek ki yaşlı batı artık askerde değil ve açlığa yokluğa Türkler kadar alışık da değil Avrupa'yı korumak istiyorsanız Yunan in tasmasını daha da sıkı tutun

[@goro2867]

I agree now let's play our baglamas together ;)

[@Penekamp11]

Love this video. We need more of it soon.

[@tayfunyaman3702]

Bir ülke için çok değil mi bir çok ülkenin düşmanca tutum içine girmesi vatan savunmasımda can veren şehitlerimizin ruhu şaad olsun 💪🇹🇷

[@stephen1399]

That's easy for you to say

[@jamieferetzanis1808]

Ur homeland ??? Didn't u migrate there through war ?

[@Baltazar_Gunar]

​@@jamieferetzanis1808 Thats how you get your soil through history of humanity. Did you come out of the ground like vegetables in Greece? According to archeology, all human kinds came from Africa. So lets go all back to Africa hand to hand.

[@Jitmz]

@@jamieferetzanis1808🇹🇷🇰🇿🇭🇺🇦🇿🇺🇿🇹🇲🇰🇬 KADINLARINIZ BİZİM

[@railababayeva8013]

The exchange of people based on religion was absolutely faulty. Because a lot of Christian Turks - Karamans and Kipchags left Eastern Anatolia. Parallelly thousands of ethnic Greeks that once were converted to Islam settled in Anatolia. Greko Turkish and Armeno Turkish nemesis is the most meaningless thing to me. Because these people are culturally and genetically so close to each other. Peace on you friends

[@rodolphodecastrorodrigues7457]

they are called karaman greeks. Turcophones but greek christian ortodox.

[@bugraozkan8137]

Both nations have demons and sins to face in their own history of wars. Atrocities, killing, pillaging and all. History muıst be a lesson for both nations and I hope that both will live in peace forever. Thank you for this documentary. It hurts to hear what we did and what Greeks did in the name of revenge.

[@savabout6487]

I agree, many Greeks talk about the genocide or the fire of Smyrna, but think we marched in as saints. Our hands are not clean of blood either. I still wish Greece could was given Constantinople and kept the west. We know what happened to the Christians of those cities. But I imagine more war would have been inevitable even if they had succeeded.

[@baybarshan2500]

@@savabout6487 Megalo idea is plain stupid as long as you chase waterfalls and unrealistic dreams no peace will ever be realized. You keep in your country and we Turks in our and respect each others borders only then there will be peace but as long as Greece dpeends on imperialist support and chases waterfalls like Megalo Idea there will be no peace !

[@savabout6487]

@@baybarshan2500 Turkey is the nation espousing imperialisms and pining for lost ottoman glory. Claiming lawful Greek waters and islands.

[@tk5gqj514]

@@savabout6487 So you think if İstanbul was given to Greece there wouldn't be anything happened to Turks there (who makes up the majority). İt would cause more deaths.

[@baybarshan2500]

@@savabout6487 Not true mate just look at your ridiculous "Sevilla map" and you'll understand who the real ,aggressor is !