The Insane Evolution of: Life in the Arctic

Watch this video ad-free on Nebula: nebula.tv/videos/real-science...
New streaming platform: watchnebula.com/
Patreon: / realscience
Twitter: / stephaniesamma
Instagram: / stephaniesammann
Credits:
Writer/Narrator/Editor: Stephanie Sammann
Editor: Dylan Hennessy (www.behance.net/dylanhennessy1)
Illustrator/Animator: Kirtan Patel (kpatart.com/illustrations)
Animator: Mike Ridolfi (www.moboxgraphics.com/)
Sound: Graham Haerther (haerther.net)
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster ( / forgottentowel )
Producer: Brian McManus ( / realengineering )
Imagery courtesy of Getty Images
References:
[1] www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-li...
[2] www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
[3] pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2912224/ (sci-hub.se/10.1152/ajpregu.19...)
[4] jeb.biologists.org/content/22....
[5] www.une.edu.au/__data/assets/...
[6] www.sciencedirect.com/topics/...
[7] ecobubamarica.files.wordpress...
[8] doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2002-32473
[9] beyondpenguins.ehe.osu.edu/is...
[10] Moalem, Sharon, and Jonathan Prince. Survival of the Sickest: The Surprising Connections Between Disease and Longevity (P.S.). Reprint, Harper Perennial, 2008.

[@davidschaftenaar6530]

This is one of those rare channels where I can click a random video and just trust that it's going to be good no matter what it's about.

[@Kittyreaper]

Agreed 🐱 love this Channel.

[@roberthenderson5357]

SOO TRUE

[@Caelia7]

Totally agree!

[@sohrabnoor9442]

Same

[@bryceshea8030]

Same

[@richlongiii7333]

In a world of "Anonymous Sources" and "reports say" it's good to see the information sources used to make a video posted in the description.

[@wik7or214]

the best source is the "turst me" source, you just cant challenge that, movies are proof, every movie has a "trust me", and no character is yet to disagree/reject whats offered

[@hifuncautismboi2350]

@@wik7or214 you make my polar bear invisible 😏😩

[@wik7or214]

@@hifuncautismboi2350 huh?

[@rozinaakter7147]

When l got the notification of this channel, it was like giving chocolate to a child . Really amazing video. Best of luck

[@zarifhasanmahmud3459]

Me too 💜💜

[@004nasibanahianahona4]

Indeed. A great gift for Christmas

[@mdlokmanali9547]

👍👍👍👍👍

[@beastlybongos9678]

I have the bell rung but youtube never gives me notifications for this channel rip

[@douknowme5758]

Got notification while waring a chocolate donut, I gotta say it's better than sex

[@Think_Inc]

The voice of the narrator is to me, one of the greatest voices on KZbin( and maybe even Nebula). The way scientific topics are presented is also very good. This channel should be up there with legends such as Kurzgesagt. It needs more recognition. Also, the small mammals shown were so cute!

[@realscience]

well ain't that the nicest thing anyone has said to me

[@dathanchevli7514]

I second this

[@GeneralZap]

No.

[@SopanKotbagi]

does anybody else dislike the art style of Kurzgesagt. such cutesy type animations don't help his content I feel

[@Real_Eggman]

@@SopanKotbagi "cutesy type"... it's an infographic style.

[@jamestnov41945]

You have created a wonderful channel Stephanie and it will grow immensely. This presentation was excellent. Merry Christmas!

[@realscience]

Thank you so much!

[@voidremoved]

@@realscience God is real too

[@azertyuiop432]

@@voidremoved How does it relates to the video ?

[@persephone2706]

@@voidremoved What does that have to do with anything here?

[@Think_Inc]

@@persephone2706 Probably due to the name of the channel. “Real Science.”

[@Savant_Ananya]

I am in love with this channel as a science student

[@sommeone]

It's just so good 😍

[@jishraque]

Yes.....this and its sister channel.....both have super content and awesome voices

[@jakeoliver9574]

Moi aussi, ma/mon ami.

[@Sivah_Akash]

@@jakeoliver9574 , what does that mean?

[@jakeoliver9574]

@@Sivah_Akash Me too, my friend.

[@crackedemerald4930]

Mmm... Frozen froge, warm up for living froge.

[@hkr667]

To reanimate, place in middle of microwave and cook at 500 watts for 90 seconds

[@voidremoved]

@@hkr667 dang I thought thats what the "defrost" button is for

[@monkylinks]

I was already going to buy a subscription to nebula, but now, at $12 a year! That's amazing. Keep up the good work live all you guys videos

[@Nanocosm]

This channel is so good. It has nature doc aesthetics to make it relaxing with nitty gritty science and high level scientific conclusions to make it super interesting

[@manassable]

Just amazing work !

[@Kiwjtastic]

10:27 I just realized that I may have this "Hunter's response". As a kid I noticed that while playing outside in the snow and making snowballs bare handed my fingers would get very cold and hurt after a few minutes. But if I kept doing it for another 10 minutes or so, my hands would heat up again, allowing me to continue throwing snowballs.

[@funkworthrollin4959]

You just keep your body moving so it was warming itself up.

[@Kiwjtastic]

@@funkworthrollin4959 Well maybe, but the warming up was not gradual, it felt more like a rush, my hand went from hurting to warm in around 30s.

[@CAMSLAYER13]

Yea i get that, its weird

[@smoothmarvingaming1309]

Also your tiny as a kid, so a lot more blood can move in the same amount of time.

[@Kiwjtastic]

@@smoothmarvingaming1309 I actually tested it this winter and it still works, you really feel the blood rushing in it pulsates and my hand gets all tingly and red.

[@shadowgod1009]

Man this channel is amazing. Always posting interesting and well made videos. Keep up the good work!

[@BlenderStudy]

What's so curious about the polar bears is the fact that all other bears tend to go to sleep when it gets cold.. but the polar bears live in much harsh environment and they don't seem to hibernate.

[@Charok1]

the other bears can't get enough food during winter and must hibernate or possibly starve.

[@stevewhoknowswhomisreallyw4282]

Polar bears don't hibernated at tall and it's true the fur is not white, it's hollow and clear.

[@PabloSanchez-qu6ib]

@@stevewhoknowswhomisreallyw4282 the fur is white. How the color is made doesn't negate it.

[@phonn6935]

@@stevewhoknowswhomisreallyw4282 their fur is white, if its clear, then we would be able to see their black skin or flesh. you might be correct that its hollow(i dont know much) but it cant be clear lol

[@stephenfennell]

@@phonn6935 I don't specifically know about polar bear fur but I have heard elsewhere that it is clear (i.e. transparent). Things that are transparent appear white if they are divided up into large numbers of surfaces all at slightly different angles. Water is transparent, but if divided up into millions of droplets with surfaces at countless different angles, as in a cloud, photons trying to get through that cloud will be reflected at billions of angles off every part of a droplet's surface that presents a shallow angle to them. The photons are now bouncing around between the droplets at random angles. If there is an object such as a plane behind the cloud, rays of light that set off in a straight line from that plane towards your eyes will get diverted on all sorts of random paths hither and thither through the cloud before they get to your eyes. All you see are zillions of photons reaching your retinas from very random locations, some from the plane's wing, some from the cockpit, some from a patch of blue sky, and lots actually from the sun (even if the sun is way off to the side). The photons include photons of all colours, so when you mix all the colours together the total effect you see is whiteness. So a cloud of water droplets looks white, even though water en masse is clear. So I would not be surprised if each individual polar bear hair is clear and yet when seen in large masses appears white. Sorry, my comment got extravagantly long!

[@SuperBodoque]

the shot at 2:59 has got to be the most adorable thing I've ever seen edit: nevermind this video is filled with shots like that 😭❤

[@tpespos]

I once went outside in a swimsuit at -20F with a windchill of -50F for 5 minutes and you could very immediately and intensely feel the blood getting constricted in my extremities.

[@Jako4460]

Really interesting topic, good narrator and video clips. I really enjoy your videos!!

[@blahsomethingclever]

Excellent, clear eyed content. Beautiful video clips too.

[@zachyrish2682]

mind blowned once again, great vids !

[@fr3zer677]

Another fascinating and high quality video! I really hope that perhaps one of the next videos will explore the possibility of cryopreservation for humans, similar to what can be found some frogs. But regardless of what the next video is about, I'm certain it will be fantastic.

[@YogSoth]

Love this channel. One of the few mainstream science/nature channels on the platform that isn’t dumbed down to an elementary school level.

[@chaudo8978]

Thanks you! Great research! Great information!

[@basheersamara9379]

WOW! I learn so much from you guys! Thank you so much!

[@V.Hansen.]

I cant believe I've never heard of the Hunter's response before

[@onedayonemovie4022]

Everyone talk about video but i like the most is background music. Thankyou soo much

[@freen773]

These videos are just brilliant

[@serdna7]

Excellent packed knowledge content! Thanks a lot…

[@m_artist9657]

Another great video ! Thanks

[@wik7or214]

8:18 when you score a banger in the park and the cage has ice on it

[@aleeoo7208]

Amazing content

[@braunarsch]

these videos are great!

[@TheSkystrider]

Beautiful video!

[@CasualCasimir]

I learned a lot from this video. And refined my knowledge of what I thought I already knew🙏

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so cool. I love this channel.

[@jaumesol3480]

You deserve way more views

[@ebenezerjaydenmugunga6945]

this channel should have like 50M subs !!

[@hilarysexton1343]

Some yeara ago, Russian scientists in Siberia found a well preserved woolly mammoth frozen in the permafrost. They commented that it was so well preserved that its flesh was still edible. I thought about this. The comment begged the question 'what sort of food did the poor scientists have that they would consider eating the mammoth'.

[@theholypeanut8193]

Well it was in Russia.

[@marikasdaughter6263]

Torpor and Hibernation are quite different.. Bears go into torpor and animals in torpor wake quite easily, animals in hibernation like a hedgehog will not wake up and you could hurt them by picking it up or moving them while in hibernation. The bit of info at roughly 4:45 made it seem like it's an interchangeable word, and it's not, they're quite different states.

[@jacquejac1840]

Can we have another video on the opposite scale perhaps in tropical or desert adaptations? It would be interesting to see how animals can stay cool as the world around them heats up.

[@sksoeab305]

Great video 👍👍

[@MrMarinus18]

3:20 Actually they always do that, it's just hard to notice when it's not very cold. It's why we like being warm to sleep and why in moderate temperatures if we hold out our hand we can see it vibrate.

[@bhaskersriharshasuri7359]

Subscribed!

[@carlos77x]

Awesome!

[@capitalgains4194]

Amazing

[@orbis_studio]

Let's get this trending!

[@trekkiejk]

Surely the graphic at 7:20 should have the skin next to the blubber, instead of on top of the white wooly fur? Thanks so much for the videos, I love learning with you!

[@Link-yp2ki]

Isn't the frozen frogs thing something that happened in atla in one episode?

[@epauletshark3793]

Yes, sokka had warts on this throat flap for a week.

[@larryteslaspacexboringlawr739]

i agree narrator voice is great fit for channel

[@AshFurAshFur]

I wonder if I might have the hunters response; I’m half Native American, Haida specifically from Ketchikan Alaska and have mostly been in the cold till later in life, same with much of my family so who knows? Would be cool to think that’s the reason some of the folks are more tolerant of the cold but never knew

[@paultoma4043]

I don't subscribe to a lot of channels but you guys deserve it , i appreciate your well researched content and the dedication and time you put into it to make it digestible by the general audience

[@davidschaftenaar6530]

I've heard about brown fat before, my understanding was that most mammals have at least some amount of it - though perhaps most don't have the quantity required for meaningful thermogenesis. I was wondering though: How efficient is brown fat when it comes to converting chemical energy into heat?

[@rezoanmahmud5165]

Hope these hard working amazing arctic animals will survive many more years

[@_aullik]

Giving the same feedback here, I'd really like Modulus as a video podcast. I really like to see the faces that are talking instead of just hearing the voice.

[@thecoolshark8614]

I am legit so excited for the next video!

[@physics19941994]

15 mins of pure knowledge. Love from India

[@grabstox4399]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/hXnUlnumnNqJftE

[@baitedlol6972]

Half the clips the animals are running away from the drones as fast as possible 😂

[@YannMetalhead]

Good video.

[@sidneywestcomb2994]

Now that is a good title

[@morkovija]

4:05 also know as powerhouse of the cell.. I thought it was internet-customary at this point

[@heyysimone]

I just want to give every baby penguin a warm sweater and a little heat pack so they stay warm

[@crp5591]

The graphic on polar bear skin and fur @ 7:25. Should not the dark skin layer be to the left of the white wooly fur layer in the cross-section diagram?

[@realscience]

yeah woops! that slipped through the cracks

[@abhiramanne9649]

I've been waiting and finally 🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎊🎊🎊🎉🎉🎊🎊🎊🎉🎉🎊🎊🎊🎊😅

[@grabstox4399]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/hXnUlnumnNqJftE

[@kimbratton9620]

Cool!!

[@poetnathan26]

We are still in the Quarterbary Ice Age- which began 2.1 million years ago. This is an inter-glacial period. The Ice age is NOW!

[@YOLO-tq3el]

Nice

[@Sivah_Akash]

10:20, like how some tribes living near water bodies can hold their breath for much longer.

[@XTR_NEELAN]

Exactly

[@HelloSquiggles]

I love learning about these very specific systems in biology. This was an interesting topic, especially coming from a mechanical background.

[@the_real_cookiez]

My boi at 3:18 is going through it lol

[@jordanfeud5847]

@RealScience, so do you actually travel to these locations and take these videos and photos? Or you get them from other people

[@aayusmanmallick]

Please release next episode as fast as poossible

[@grabstox4399]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/hXnUlnumnNqJftE

[@Nayo987]

This didn't get recommended to me, i watch all the videos when the get out

[@nyxjones5797]

I have never seen an invisible Polar Bear!!!

[@shreeharikulkarni9684]

4:29 really innocent and cute

[@dantu5377]

Anyone see the big hoodie that the Inuit was wearing? I want one of those hoodies that can fit two

[@amandajones8841]

Is it just me, or did the polar bear diagram say there was a layer of fur UNDER the skin?

[@careless3241]

Thats a new one.. I had no idea polar pears are invisible in Infa red

[@conradkai9705]

Invisible WHAT?!

[@Filzkiiz]

YesSiRr!!😎😉👌👊🔥💯💯!! School is in session...

[@brycedelany8211]

We’re in the anthropocene now

[@DerMikeDee]

So, you telling me, polar bears have hair under their black skin?

[@anishaditya4400]

Just yesterday I was looking at brown fat and today you post about it....

[@BPBomber]

I’d have to look for them but I think there was recent studies in humans that demonstrated white fat can actually act just like brown fat but only under chronic hypothermic conditions.

[@lingling21100]

Meeting this bear in the wild will be scarier than meeting a grizzly bear in the forest.. Because 1. they have very limited food resources.. they will take more risk to kill you.. 2. bigger in size than the grizzly bear surprising

[@mikew8983]

Just waiting for a "brown fat" product in 2021 lmao thats gonna sell so well

[@andywei3092]

Ah, the power house of the cell, we meet again

[@newport100]

It wasn’t engines around so how did it all melt??

[@idris.k9818]

Best voice over ever 🙌

[@Staphylokocke]

I would try out curiosity stream, but I don't have a credit card and won't be getting one just for CS :(

[@schmuelinsky]

Wait, so not everyone has this thing called Hunter's response? I always assumed it was normal to get this emergency blood flow after for example your hands are cold for a while... Might explain why people look at me weird when I tell them I'm not freezing as they are :D

[@jasondashney]

Words cannot express how jealous of you I am. I work outside in the winter in the Canadian prairies and my hands get cold beyond belief no matter what i wear on them. Just my hands.

[@pantherdev0123]

Man.

[@Lolo-bv9tr]

The thumbnail is scary -

[@ProjectExMachina]

*Win Hof: Inhale and let it go...

[@j.f.productions2463]

Active camo

[@kafkaesque4023]

Finally u are here with some great stuff ....

[@josiahpurtee1156]

A frostbite is similar to a burn.

[@tieref7432]

Damn I didn't know I had special genes like that

[@rpb4865]

So all I have on my body is Blubber? 😂😂

[@iamproudtobeindian3342]

Please make video fast

[@nomercyinc6783]

if polar bears fur traps heat. it only makes sense they dont show up well on thermal imaging if you understood anything about thermal imaging and thermal masking properties of insulting fur

[@mattfavaloro350]

Epic the Holocene Epic are you sure about that I didn't know it was epic I think you might have mispronounced I've never heard of any era referred to as an epic epoch Maybe glad to know I'm living in a epic era of History

[@andresmc210]

Cold makes the cutest animals.