Invasion of Russia: The Battle of Klushino 1610

[@SandRhomanHistory]

Start speaking a new language in 3 weeks with Babbel. Get up to 60% OFF your subscription here: bit.ly/sandrhoman_babbel This video was a wish of one of our Patreons: If you want to do the same then have a look here: patreon.com/sandrhomanhistory Playlist Polish-Swedish Wars: kzbin.info/aero/PL4VoyER2bxcSbbBbhf6DsKq0OFeXZavwC Our Video about the Cossacks: kzbin.info/www/bejne/qJbSf2maocmDoas

[@beepboop204]

[@Ciecior_95]

I speak polish, and what's your superpower?

[@lolasdm6959]

@@Ciecior_95 0.000625% of human population process this insane ability

[@beepboop204]

@@Ciecior_95 i will never be able to speak Polish, i think your superpower is better

[@adamradziwill]

"russia" a made construction of the Peter I, I8s. why you didn´t use the original name - Muscovy ? book "The Beginning and Progress of the Muscovy War"

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

Fun fact: The Battle of Klushino was a self-fulfilling prophecy. Sort of. When Stanisław Żółkiewski was young, a soothsayer prophesied to him that in the future he would become famous by winning a great battle. In his memoirs, Żółkiweski claimed that when marching with his army to the fields of Klushino he was convinced that this will be *the battle*

[@ontheline3077]

good to know. Thank you for sharing.

[@greg_4201]

I mean........... you only ride into this sort of faitful battle once 😅 so it's not like there was another time to confuse the prophecy with 😆

[@lolasdm6959]

Make enough random predictions eventually you will be remembered for the one time you were right

[@greg_4201]

@@lolasdm6959 yep. it's not an unusual prediction to want to make when your client is of the knightly class. especially if he is rumoured to be the heir to a great thrown 😆

[@bakters]

Now I wish somebody else would win at Klushino. Then Żółkiewski might have believed his prophecy to become fulfilled at Cecora...

[@gabrielvanhauten4169]

So, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth fought the Swedes in the north, the Ottomans in the south, the Habsburgs in the west and the Russians in the east all at the same time?? Amazing.

[@kosa9662]

Habsburgs were pretty much allies of Commonwealth, although Commonwealth nobility disliked them fot being too tyranical. Poles and Austrian actually support each other in XVII century in their respective wars.

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

@@kosa9662 Yes, however, the clashes with Habsburg troops did occur during the war for the succession after the death of King Stefan Batory.

[@meghnilkalita5847]

There was no out and out war with habsburgs but yes they used proxies against each other

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

@@meghnilkalita5847 In 1588 Habsburg army literally besieged Karów (Polish capital). Following this event, the Polish army relieved Kraków and chased the invaders into Silesia effectively invading the territory of the Holy Roman Empire, and destroyed the Habsburg army in the Battle of Byczyna/Pitschen. As a result of this battle, Maximilian III Habsburg ended up in Polish captivity and part of Silesia went to Poland. I don't think this counts as "using proxies".

[@meghnilkalita5847]

@@kamilszadkowski8864 yes true, but these battles were part of the war of succesion, I was talking about direct wars for territory or influence

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

I am glad you made a video about this battle. The quality, especially the quality of the research is way, way better than in recent videos about Klushino from other KZbinrs. The inclusion of newer research from Radosław Sikora is especially refreshing since other videos presented this battle according to the state of knowledge from 30 years ago. Lots of new sources were discovered since then. In short, great work SandRhoman!

[@SandRhomanHistory]

Glad you enjoyed it! Cool to see you stick around for the Polish-Lithuanian content every time!

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

@@SandRhomanHistory Hey, I watch all your content. It's just that I tend to comment more often under videos about topics I am more familiar with.

[@bosbanon3452]

You are still active i am the one who once think Kamil is An Arabic name

[@jannegrey]

@@kamilszadkowski8864 Yes. And you're very credible commentator who has clearly studied the subject in-depth. Even if I sometimes disagree with some of your statements, it is good to see such perspective. I wish I had time and resources to update my history knowledge in such a great depth.

[@emmaegede1262]

@@SandRhomanHistory Why don't you do a video of the Russo-Polish war of 1654-1667 and the first partition of Poland 🇵🇱 in 1772?

[@Artur_M.]

There are several videos about this battle already, but this one is clearly the best. An interesting fact is that Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski himself was an opponent of this whole war. He expressed it in his book "The Beginning and Progress of the Muscovy War" which was rather critical towards King Sigismund, and presented some of the nobles originally supporting the false Dmitri, particularly Jerzy Mniszech, very negatively. Żółkiewski was the one who, after capturing Moscow, negotiated the initial agreement with Russian boyars, according to which Polish prince Władysław was supposed to become the Tsar, after converting to Orthodoxy (which was something his father refused to allow).

[@Sealdeam]

To be fair to King Sigismund he already was into quite the quarrel with his kinsmen back Sweden due religious reasons doubt he was all too eager to further invite that sort of problems by allowing his son to convert to Orthodoxy, I doubt such a thing would had sit well among his polish and lithuanian subject on whom his real (and royal) power rested, that being said a less ambitious objective would had been way better in the long run.

[@bakters]

@@Sealdeam " *convert to Orthodoxy, I doubt such a thing would had sit well among his polish and lithuanian subject* " First of all, there was freedom of religion in Rzeczpospolita. Polish nobility was primarily Roman Catholic, but in Lithuania the nobility switched from Orthodoxy to Arianism and Kalvinism. Then, they were *not subjects* of the king, they were citizens. The name here is misleading, since this guy was more like a prime minister than a king. He was considered to be the first among equals and could be dismissed at any time. Which did happen several times! Rzeczpospolita is a literal translation of Respublica, and that's how it should be translated into English too. It's just that they cry a river if there is a person called king at the head of the state. Regardless if he's an electoral king, not a hereditary one. Regardless if his power was very limited and he could be legally released from his office. It's all about the name itself, but it's their language, so we have to accept their choice, even if it's incorrect one.

[@Artur_M.]

@bakters Regarding the translation of Rzeczpospolita, between the execution of Charles I and the Stuart Restoration (1649-1660), the English state was officially called the Commonwealth of England, which is most often translated in Polish historiography as "Republika Angielska" and sometimes "Rzeczpospolita".

[@jerzyponimirski8541]

@@Artur_M. Interesting point, however we were Commonwealth in both meanings - as republic and as place where several nations with different religions live in one country i.e. kinda Commonwealth of Nations

[@Sealdeam]

@@bakters so I take then you disagree with my statement regarding the possible negative consequences of that convertion but your rebuttal mostly focuses on Lithuania and only about the nobility since I doubt that primus inter pares situation also placed the Grand Duke at the same level as the regular populous, were they, the people, his fellow citizens or were they his subjects both in reality as well as in paper? (This is BTW a genuine question not some backhanded remark) regardless of the religious freedom and the religious adherence of parts of the nobility to other forms of christianity the majority of the population was catholic and that was already a potential issue as they were then open to external influence from Rome or other nearby catholic powers to resist or rebel their ruler if he were to abandon their faith, all of this happening less than a decade before the start of the bloodiest religious war in the history of the continent when the religious tensions were at an all time high. You also mention the relative weakness of the King / Grand Duke and the existence of actual lawful ways that allowed his removal from power by the nobility as some sort of measure to ensure stability avoid conflict (religious or otherwise), to me that does not make logical sense and just a few decades after the events we talk about here, during the reign of Sigismund's other son, history showed the disastrous consequences this sort of situation had: powerful magantes at odds with the head of state, of different religious confession and all too willing to side with external powers to extend their own influence. And all of this just regarding Lithuania, who knows what sort of negative reaction would had provoked in Poland of the heir Władysław had converted to Orthodoxy.

[@vattghern257]

As a Pole I must say you perfectly pronounce Żółkiewski

[@grzegorzbrzeczyszczykiewic9906]

Ale z tymi flagami czerwono czarnymi to zjebał po całości

[@PhilippBrandAkatosh]

You should add the wings to your tanks to honor your ancestors, cause from what I know, no cavalry saved the day more often than the winged polish riders.

[@jn1205]

nie posraj się...

[@Apost0345]

@@PhilippBrandAkatosh1st Polish Armoured Division bears the wings and the hussar helmet on its insignia. They were originally formed from parts of Polish 1st Corps by order of General Sikorski, which took part in Overlord(Juno beach), Calaise and Mont Ormel, additionally they liberated cities of Ypres, Tielt, Ruiselede and Ghen.

[@jn1205]

Moherze , to najważniejsze?

[@clintmoor422]

.... basically: We had one False Dimitry, yes... but what about a second False Dimitry? and actually a Third False Dimitry?

[@daviddechamplain5718]

Always ask for ID from anyone claiming to be a Dimitry

[@ontheline3077]

there were lots of them such were the times

[@sammyclassicstarfoxfan9827]

When the Dimitry is sus.

[@electricink3908]

The second one is drinking and posting outrageous content on social media.

[@PotDylan]

@@daviddechamplain5718 Does this only count for slav Dimitrys' ? I'm Dimitris the Greek lol

[@sillyduck5179]

Absolutely love the animation of these videos, the mechanical movements is great. Don’t ever change it!

[@planescaped]

Polish, Welsh and Finnish make the linguistic section of my brain bluescreen.

[@bakters]

It's not too bad, if you know how to pronounce those letters.

[@Nostrama]

Hmmmm it depends. I'm Polish and I have rather easy surname to pronounce

[@afgncap]

Unlike in English once you learn the rules of pronunciation of letters and diacritics and digraphs you are good to go and can read any new word you see.

[@Seba00PL]

Polish is a phonetic language. Every letter is always pronounced the same way. Once you learn those simple rules you can read anything

[@jozefkozon4520]

@@Seba00PL There is exactly one exeption for that rule. But witch one stands without one anyway.

[@paulrisk606]

Fascinating the level of training and coordination required to participate in the various battles throughout history. The dance of pike squares and hussar charges shows the differences between professional armies and conscripted rabble.

[@electricspeedkiller8950]

>4th partition

[@milabugtcher990]

5:23 - you got me!:-)) I am from Czech but we are close to Poland and this is true sign:-)))

[@werthor7083]

You (or at least some of you) also use "kurwa" as comma in sentences. 😉

[@metanoian965]

@@werthor7083 lol

[@jn1205]

Hehe

[@thcdreams654]

Masterful work as usual. Thanks for the great content. Always informative and entertaining.

[@apersonontheinternet595]

I love your early modern history and late medieval period videos!

[@TheSpinachInfluenza]

Like a fine wine, Your video style has reached a thius far peak of greatness, playful , informative, concise & detailed. I do miss the style of your very first videos, that look like the product of time in a dorm and hope you start a 2nd.. less monetizable history channel, with more silly or absurd history. You have to be the one, others have tried...

[@TheSoonToBePurgedJackMeHoff55]

Jesus Christ man, stop brown nosing

[@SandRhomanHistory]

Thank you! Well, I agree the early stuff was special in some way but looked very weird :P

[@StoicHistorian]

So interesting always wanted to know more about this, thank you

[@SandRhomanHistory]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@tylerclayton6081]

Poland has a long a great history. I’m glad it survived as country to the modern day

[@АлексейСмирнов-к4л]

If Vladislav had accepted Orthodoxy, Poland could have become a great Slavic empire stretching from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean.

[@snapdragon6601]

Great video! BTW- That was a nice little guitar lick with some Eastern European flavor right at the end of the video. 🎸 👍

[@CarthagoMike]

Great mini-documentary as always!

[@somedude5951]

Great, I didn't know any of this. So Moscow was once successfully conquered by an European army? Great graphics again, just as the historical aspects of the video are.

[@DenisLyamets]

Twice. Napoleon also did it. But there was no combat, we just retreated.

[@alder2460]

@@DenisLyamets Borodino

[@DenisLyamets]

@@alder2460 Well, yes, we can count it as a battle for Moskow...

[@ontheline3077]

@@DenisLyamets and burn it to the bits in the process. The brilliant image of Vereshagin painting just popped in my head

[@DenisLyamets]

@@ontheline3077 yes, thats why people say "dont mess with the russians, they do crazy stuff" :D

[@gotbaka3]

Such a good battle, such insightful narration. Hats off

[@terry7907]

I am always impressed by your pronunciation of names/words in many languages.

[@ontheline3077]

good video as always . Greetings from Russia)

[@Kierkergaarder]

Amazing stuff as usual, thank you.

[@jackswiatek5221]

It is also worth noting, that the Polish King officially did not support the False Dimiti after very strong opposition of many Polish senators claiming this is immoral and dirty politics not suitable to represent the Kingdom as well as its monarch.

[@Smi3tankoweCjastko]

You shoud absolutely cover the battle of Samosierra of 1808

[@terry7907]

Those were far different Polish lancers, not Winged Hussars.

[@Arturino_Burachelini]

I made a competition thesis on this battle when I was in high school half a decade ago

[@jackswiatek5221]

It is worth mentioning some facts of the final negotiations as you mention Polish King failed to do so. Firstly, Hetman Zolkiewski entered into these negotiations without the King's approval. During this negotiations, Zolkiewski offered the Polish Prince, Wladyslaw 4 to become Tsar, but the Russian side demanded he converted into Ortodox. Secondly, Polish King refused such a deal and he offered himself to be the Tsar and he would not convert into Ortodox. But Boyars refused it. Thirdly... the Polish side reason.... Wladyslaw 4 was the only heir to the Polish throne and the only son of Polish King. Polish king did not want to send his only son to Moscow to became really "the hostage" of the boyars... who previously killed False Dimiti, loaded him into a cannon, and shot back to the West... that option for the Polish Kingdom was unacceptable.

[@bakters]

" *Wladyslaw 4 was the only heir to the Polish throne* " The throne of Poland was not hereditary. " *the boyars... who previously killed False Dimiti* " They also killed a lot of wedding guests, which annoyed Polish nobility. It was practically a Red Wedding.

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@bakters Correct, the throne was not hereditary, however, every king on the throne had the better chance to sit his son on it. From the point of view of the king as a father, he was preparing his son to get the throne... but, yes, the throne was not hereditary.

[@bakters]

@@jackswiatek5221 " *every king on the throne had the better chance to sit his son on it* " Which happened exactly once? August II Saxon was not on the throne when his son was elected. I'm not sure he was even alive. I checked that he was dead when August III Saxon was crowned. BTW - Both August II Saxon and Stanisław Leszczyński were elected as kings *twice* . I mean, the crown was an electoral office, but since most of the world at the time wouldn't understand some weird newfangled names for it, our guys chose to stick with the title of the king. Be it in name only. (What of the right to an armed rebellion, in case you were treated unjustly? I love that one! This right *was* exercised many times, and from what I know, always rightfully. Remember that when you talk to Americans about their "freedums" ;-))

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@bakters And in 1425 neminem captivabimus.

[@plrc4593]

+ Żółkiewski reportedly aceeded to very disadvantegous for the Commonwealth border with Russia.

[@beniaminorzechowski9913]

Finally. I have been waiting for a video like this

[@ae-jo5gc]

Jakob de la gardie would later be president of the Council of War in Sweden. He was governor of swedish Estonia and Livonia for a while to.

[@zetectic7968]

The battle before the rise of the Romanov's. Very interesting.

[@bakters]

" *before the rise of the Romanov's* " There are good reasons to believe that Romanovs were behind Dmitri. It's easier to usurp the throne of a confirmed usurper, you see.

[@ydkaachillesa9353]

And that is one hell of a very well timed material, considering current context!

[@petrosguasos530]

Nice material and nice pronunciation of Polish names, You are doing well.

[@KermitPoznan89]

As Polish who’s watching your videos I’m grateful that you’re taking effort in even pronunciation of the names and surnames ❤ I’m pleased watching videos about my country in the past as sadly nowadays none of the leaders could even tie a strap in these historical warriors and kings sword belt 😢 Anyway- much appreciated and keep it up Lad 🥳💪🏼

[@SandRhomanHistory]

Thank you! Will do!

[@jackswiatek5221]

I think, Michal, that you are mistaken because the current conservative government built a number of new museums dedicated to the Polish History. Recently, I watch a tube by the guy from the channel "Forgotten Weapons" who visited some of the museums and harvested a nice pack of Polish artefacts to show to the international public.

[@KermitPoznan89]

@@jackswiatek5221 m8, I’m talking about who the leaders are now. How they act and what they do. Hence why they couldn’t even kiss feet of the old ones as these anty Polish government we have from 1999 is unbelievable bad for our country. So sorry but few museum build from our money not government is nothing and definitely not an argument about how crappy they are.

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@KermitPoznan89 There is a tube by prof. Tomasz Panfil: Prof. Tomasz Panfil : Dlaczego przestaliśmy być mocarstwem? (1608- 1648). Listen to it.

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@KermitPoznan89 kzbin.info/www/bejne/r32pXnZto8qantk

[@Grafzahl25]

Just leaving a comment for the algorithm. I love your videos. Especially the topics and your visualization. Keep it up, I hope you will get more recognition.

[@marcinszmuro537]

I like You always add subtitles.

[@Atomic866]

Excellent video as always!

[@SandRhomanHistory]

Thank you! Cheers!

[@przemekflak7961]

Few more tips about polish language: "W" is pronounce like english "V" - Vandal is polish Wandal. "Ż" and "RZ" polish pronounce the same and is sound like "J" in french name 'Jean' (Claude Van Damme) or word 'joli'. Letters "Ó" and "U" sounds also the same like "oo" in word "school". So combining hetman's name sounds kind of: Staniswav Joowkievski.

[@K-Man-k5n]

Nice animations! the characters look hilarious and fun.

[@kdubs9111]

When your enemy is willing to burn its own capital to the ground to prove a point you should learn to negotiate before conquest defeats you

[@billhanna2148]

Thank you 🙏 again for your EXCELLENT work 🙏👏👏👏

[@SandRhomanHistory]

Thanks again!

[@amtmannb.4627]

Excellent video. Very interesting battle and I suppose that the narration of the events was a challenge because of the different sources. Cheers!

[@jacekszczukocki5506]

1:05 yes !!! Your "Stanisław Żółkiewski" was awesome !!!

[@plrc4593]

0:54 - Ł stood once for dark L. Dark L frequently shifts to /w/ in many languages - Portuguese, dialects of English, old French etc. etc. And it shifted also in Polish. Reportedly yet before the World War II Ł was pronounced as dark L in theaters in Poland, because such pronunciation was considered more correct.

[@AntipaladinPedigri]

11:02 Przemysław is pronounced more luke Pshe-mee-suave. But your other pronounciations are either spot on like Żółkiewski, or a valiant effort. Also thanks for talking about Poland. We barely exist in people's consciousness.

[@markgarrett3647]

I think this is the battle and campaign that Napoleon studied and took heart from when he marched his troops towards Moscow centuries later.

[@54032Zepol]

The easy part is getting there the hard part is leaving

[@markgarrett3647]

@@54032Zepol You should tell that to the Kaisers Heer.

[@ignacio4159]

@@54032Zepol getting there isn't easy either

[@54032Zepol]

@@ignacio4159 no they let you in, front door and mat.

[@MrSamurajo]

Napoleon was advised by prince Poniatowski not to advance on Moscow but to take control over old Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth lands and crush Russian counterattacks there. Well, Napoleon rejected this advice and it ended how it ended 🤷‍♂

[@philjohnson1744]

I very much enjoy this. Thank you for citing yer sources.

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

Never underestimate the morale pip in EU4.

[@Jesse_Dawg]

I love your videos. I neeeeeeeed more please

[@Catonius]

Nice one, cheers.

[@yourroyalchungusness]

This is one of the example where foreign power successfully invade Russia and occupied its capital without having need to withdraw after

[@piotrczubryt1111]

"occupied its capital without having need to withdraw after" No, there is no such example.

[@laingarrison8966]

Except that they withdrew right after

[@piotrczubryt1111]

@@laingarrison8966 "they withdrew right after" Or rather they were besieged and taken prisoners.

[@MankindDiary]

Polish squad guarding Moscow has been kicked out of the city by literal peasants.

[@maciejmaciaszek6429]

a big thumb up for your pronounciation progress 👍

[@SandRhomanHistory]

Thank you!

[@ЕвгенийСайгаков-ы2ю]

The lover of False Dmitriy I, named Marina Mnishek, supported False Dmitriy II's claims and became his lover as well. What a devoteded woman. Her faithfulness to the Throne claimiants is undeniable.

[@MrAsarbs]

You did very well in pronouncing difficult Polish sounds.

[@AntipaladinPedigri]

12:30 the surname Struś literally means Ostrich, like the bird that in popular fantasy hides his head in the sand when scared.

[@Spiderfisch]

Imagine if we got the polish Lithuanian Russian Swedish commonwealth

[@jackswiatek5221]

Impossible back then for one major reason.... religion. Both Russia and Sweden were fierce defendants of their own national religion. In Russia if I remember even for the next several centuries changing religion from Ortodox to any other (especially Catholic) was panelized by death. In Polish Lithuanian commonwealth religion was pretty much free.

[@marcinbazucki6919]

Rather Polish-Lithuanian-Hungarian-Ruthenian Commonwealth. Those were much more close to happend but by some mistakes it never happened. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Hadiach

[@OrdoStorm]

@@marcinbazucki6919 Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian-Bohemian-Hungarian Commonwealth that would be the superpower, instead central Europe was played and exploited by others.

[@oguzkaganonder1331]

I would advice you to take a look at Siege of Nagykanizsa 1601, as it is probably the most succesfull and perfect siege defense in history, it would be a great content for your amazing channel

[@rodjarrow6575]

The truth that is missing in this video is: The historical period of the papal policy of the Counter-Reformation in Europe of the 16th and 17th centuries, which obliged the royal power of the Catholic world to fight against all countries with non-Catholic Christian power. I remind you that the royal power of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was Catholic in the highest degree of this sense... (Recalling that St. Bartholomew's Night in Paris (the bloody massacre of Huguenot Christians by the hands of the Catholic authorities of Paris) it was a historical period of the Counter-Reformation) Therefore, the events in the north-east of Europe were not an internecine conflict between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia, but, in fact, it was a continuation of the ancient era of the Northern Catholic Crusades against Orthodox Russia. We are seeing the same thing in our time in relations between Russia and NATO... I remind all those who suffer from historical amnesia, Russia in history has never been the initiator of military clashes with Western Europe, on the contrary, the initiator (provocateur) of the war against Russia has always been Western Europe! In contrast to the propaganda of lies about "insidious and bloodthirsty Russia", which is spread by politicians in Western Europe from ancient times to this day.

[@jackswiatek5221]

There are many interesting facts that would be great to tell.... for example.... recognizing Russian mentality and especially mentality towards the West. When False Dimitri was killed by Boyars, his body was dismembered, loaded into a cannon and shot back to the West from the Kremlin walls.

[@kellyowens1868]

Yikes! "Ok, do we have any volunteers, to give this imitation Dimitry scheme, one more "college" try. Any brave boys here, medium height, fellows who are a little too short for this ride will receive 2 extra issues of socks, some trimmed tree bark for inside your boots, and extra bark will add another inch to the souls of your boots, & you'll receive a free prince valiant hare schnitt, & a little make over, so you'll resemble someone hit in the face with a frying pan. The new face making, should heal by summer, mid-fall at the latest. Now we can't promise you some of that young nobel nookie, but some unholy fornication may be required to complete this delicate mission successfully." Hey hold up. Back I say! What's got into you guys. Not 3 minutes ago, there wasn't a brave soul amongst the lot of you. Are you ok? Now all this sudden pushing, & shoving like a pack of young boars after the first acorns in spring. Look! You've broken the adjutant's arm with your outrageous tumult. Wait! Back up all off you! You've trampled the regimental mascot dog damn you! Schwiene Hunde! Aus! Aus! I'll run the next man who pushes anyone through with my rusty training Sabre, I swear I will."

[@Кацап0]

What's wrong?

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@Кацап0 What's wrong is that since at least Ivan the Terrible, Russia has observed everyone as their enemies without noticing that Russian itself is a very hostile country towards their neighbors.

[@kindlingking]

​@@jackswiatek5221sorry for necroposting, but what? I understand you're polish, but even for poles this is too much stretching and current thinging. Russia had excellent relationships with Western European states as early as times of Ivan III, grandfather of Ivan IV, who even had a letter exchange with The Pope. It's you who want to paint us a barbaric savages who can't find common language with anyone, because it's convenient for your overall narrative. Historically we always acted through negotiation and cooperation first, then military action. Even to this day somehow this "very hostile country" gathers around itself nations from all over the world. Everyone loves Russia. Maybe you're the one who's hostile? You've spend good chunk of your history identifying with being a "guard dog of Europe", which necessitates having outside enemies. Consequently you spent the rest of your history making sure they are enemies you can valiantly defend european civilisation from. Talk about being stuck in your own ass.

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@kindlingking Well, my Russian "friend". How about we start learning some history. Let's say 1939? When Soviets signed the pact with so called by you "Europeans" namely Nazi Germany and attacked Poland unprovoked. My grandfather was siting back then in his home when NKVD knocked on his door, dragged him out of the house, put into a cattle wagon and send to Siberia where he spent 3 years. I am sure this was the act of love and kindness on the part of your countrymen. But I am sure you will find a very logical explanation to this. But the fact Soviets and over the history of Russia - Russians - attacked, killed or enslaved many of their neighbors, you Russians themselves are in fact the largest group of people pressed by your own ruling people. But apparently you Russians like to be enslaved and oppressed. It seems that you people don't recognize anything like freedom or free will. Like in this joke... when in your country your leaders tell you to jump... no body asks "why?" but ask "how high?".

[@marcinolek817]

I am watching it in a train heading to my home town. I almost loughed loudly when I saw "KURWA" inscription in the middle of Polish camp. 😂

[@hubertkudyba2397]

Funny fact , word "kurwa" oryginaly was a russian word , it came to Poland after Moscow sidge. Polish word was "przechodka".

[@CalidrisJZ]

Polish historical accounts do *not* misstate troop numbers.

[@Maus_Indahaus]

Video suggestion: The staggering sieges of Ceuta

[@kosa9662]

Its quite funny and ironic that between 1572-1601 there were serious talks about uniting Commonwealth and Tsardom into one state, given how much animosity and hatred will be born to this day

[@PeredheI]

And some of the Russian tsars tried to get elected as the king of the Commonwealth (the election of the king by the nobles was a real thing, not just Pro-forma, so gaining enough support could work out). But if you read the documents of the era, animosity was already present back in the XVI century. They had 6 major wars in XVI alone. So any attempts of a union were not exactly good-hearted, but rather an attempt ob subjection.

[@jackswiatek5221]

And it is worth noting why Russians did not want to unify. There is a historical writing by one of the Polish senators who went to Moscow for these negotiations. And he wrote that (I am paraphrasing) "When we (Poles) offered them (Muscovites) to unify with us and live with our golden freedoms, they responded: ""We don't need your freedoms. We have one Tsar and one ruler and we all listen only to him. Your golden freedoms are not for us. Each is his own king and ruler, no one knows who should give orders and who should listen to them,""

[@jackswiatek5221]

As a reflection.... you can take a slave out of a russian land, but you can't take a slave out of the russian mind.

[@radovankekistanovic1342]

@@jackswiatek5221 why would anyone want to have a dumb oligarchical system of the PLC? your aristocrats were prone to being bribed by foreign Monarchs, the serfdom as the harshest in Europe due to the Szlachta having all the power in the Sejm, they refused to serve in the military unless they were well-payed(thus leading to constant military failure) and if a single one of them vetoed a law, it was discarded(the Liberum Veto) to quote from Wikipedia "During the reign of John III Sobieski (1674-1696), half of Sejm proceedings were scuttled by the veto. The practice also spread from the national Sejm to local sejmik proceedings. In the first half of the 18th century, it became increasingly common for Sejm sessions to be broken up by the liberum veto, as the Commonwealth's neighbours, chiefly Russia and Prussia, found it to be a useful tool to frustrate attempts at reforming and strengthening the Commonwealth. By bribing deputies to exercise their vetoes, Poland's neighbours could derail any measures not to their liking. The Commonwealth deteriorated from a European power into a state of anarchy. Only a few Sejms were able to meet during the reign of the House of Saxony in Poland (1696-1763), the last one in 1736. Only 8 out of the 18 Sejm sessions during the reign of Augustus II (1697-1733) passed legislation. For a period of 30 years around the reign of Augustus III, only one session was able to pass legislation (1734-1763). The government was near collapse, giving rise to the term "Polish anarchy", and the country was managed by provincial assemblies and magnates."

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@radovankekistanovic1342 Let me explain it: "your aristocrats were prone to being bribed by foreign Monarchs" - yes, that is true. however this is the nature of aristocracy in any country unless they are squashed by a monarch. Aristocrats back then were like nowadays corporations. Responding only to their own families and international chains of relations. "the serfdom as the harshest in Europe due to the Szlachta having all the power in the Sejm" - this is actually a myth and not true. Recently read a historical study of peasants in many countries including historical studies of the food calories they were taking. As a matter of fact, Polish peasants appear to be the best fed in entire Europe. The life of peasants was increasingly worse, and yes that is fact, but dont forget that Poland from early 18th century was really under Russian occupation. "and if a single one of them vetoed a law, it was discarded(the Liberum Veto)" - liberum veto worked very well until it stopped working. This is the historical fact that this law was the cause of many future problems. It was finally changed by the confederated parliament in 1791 by adoption the first in Europe (and second in the world after US) Constitution. The confederation of the parliament was actually a hoax... basically, confederated noblemen told everyone that the Parliament will be in rest for sometime thus sending unconfederated noblemen to their homes. And while then, the parliament met and signed the new law using the same principle "liberum veto". Meaning... there was no one who could opposed to it.

[@iseeyou5061]

@SandRhomanHistory I must be missing something but how Jakob recruit more army when he wouldn't or couldn't pay the last one? Edit : 4:18 Is this the aftermath of battle of Tver? Because they didn't desert due to lack of pay but because of high casualties inflicted. Confimation?

[@LarryCroft111]

Funny stuff - back in the days "Ł" was pronounced almost like "L" but with a middle of a tongue touching your upper teeth rather than just a tip of it.

[@lerneanlion]

Speaking of Tsardom of Russia, how did the Tsarist government sponsored the colonization beyond the Ural Mountains? Will there be a video about this?

[@ontheline3077]

by allowing private initiative of wealthy merchants, utilizing cossacks and military serfs (boyevye kholopy) , allying with local nobles and tribes , and imposing a taxation of local population. Nothing out of the ordinary, but still interesting. The most fresh source I think would be works of Dmitry Verkhoturov, who is very critical of prevo=ious biased research

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@ontheline3077 And obviously forced deportations from conquered territories which greatly intensified after building railroads and carried well into 20th century... mostly stopped in 1953 after Stalin's death.

[@Sealdeam]

There is a good one from a channel called Pike and Shot IIRC that was about that very same subject, is a couple of years old already but but be good enough although I would love to see that and other related subjects to also covered by SandRhoman.

[@ontheline3077]

@@jackswiatek5221 it was important fir Caucasus, as for Siberia, there were almost no people there, so I can't say we had any major displacement. Unlike Poland with their German population.

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@ontheline3077 BTW...My grandfather, who lived in nowadays Belarus, was sent with thousands of others for Siberia in 1939 - only because they were Poles. Later after Soviets were attacked by Germany, due to the Sikorski-Mayski agreement most of the Polish people were allowed to form armies there. One army went through Iran and fought on the ally side, and the second army under Soviet command went from Lenino to Berlin.

[@plrc4593]

Excellent video.

[@menoflowicz]

In 2020 Foundation Instytut Hetmana Żółkiewskiego has published new edition of Sikora's bokk "Kłuszyn 1610", I highly recommend buying it to everyone fluent in Polish!

[@bakters]

Did you read the saga Samozwaniec by Jacek Komuda? He's a trained historian and it's really well written.

[@cetus4449]

@@bakters Czytałeś po polsku?

[@bakters]

@@cetus4449 Tak. Jestem Polakiem.

[@cetus4449]

@@bakters No to się trochę rozpiszę. Komuda jest wprawdzie magistrem historii, ale jest wyedukowany powierzchownie, a pisarz z niego nader przeciętny. Jednak to dobrze, że pisze - im więcej takiej pisaniny, tym prędzej może powstanie nowy literacki gatunek -takie swoiste "easterny" osadzone na Dzikich Polach, czy w ogóle dawnej Rzeczypospolitej. Temat powoli znajduje sobie globalną niszę, nie tylko dzięki memom o Skrzydlatej Husarii, ale nawet dzięki grom - "Hellish Quart" Kubolda robi w świecie robotę, promując specyficzną polską historię, dla której przez długi czas nie było w światowej recepcji miejsca, a przecież wyrazista postać polskiego szlachcica w czym gorsza jest od wikinga, samuraja, muszkietera, pirata z Karaibów, kowboja? Pomyśleć, że Amerykanie z tego, że się dwóch pastuchów na Dzikim Zachodzie postrzelało potrafili zrobić cały Western i motyw kowbojski! Tymczasem istna kopalnia opowieści leży nadal niewyeksploatowana. Jeden Sienkiewicz pokazał jej prawdziwy potencjał.

[@bakters]

@@cetus4449 " *jest wyedukowany powierzchownie* " Poznał warsztat i go codziennie używa. Biegle czyta staropolski, czyli musi mieć pojęcie o Łacinie, poza tym rosyjski i staroruski. Siedzi cięgiem w bibliotece, gdzie zdobył głęboką wiedzę o epoce, co można zobaczyć na kanale Ostoja Tradycji, gdzie go poznałem. Tak wygląda powierzchowne wykształcenie? Wie że dzwonią, tylko nie wie w którym kościele? Nie sądzę. Poza tym ma *praktyczne* doświadczenie w szermierce, jeździe konnej, zbroi, rozmaitych flintach i armatach, czego żaden dr poza Sikorą nie posiada. Swoją drogą, Sikora jest z wykształcenia inżynierem. Doktorat z historii zrobił chyba zaocznie. Niewiele to zmienia. " *pisarz z niego nader przeciętny* " Przeciętny w porównaniu z kim? Poza tym, zbudował sobie dworek szlachecki z tych książek, więc coś mu się chyba udaje... " *promując specyficzną polską historię, dla której przez długi czas nie było w światowej recepcji miejsca* " Miejsce to było, tyle że kiedyś nie było wolno tego robić, a nawet teraz nie bardzo to w smak polskojęzycznym władzom. Mimo to się przebijamy. " *Jeden Sienkiewicz pokazał jej prawdziwy potencjał.* " Nie da się już pisać jak Sienkiewicz. Zrozumiałem to, gdy mój siostrzeniec z obrzydzeniem odrzucił W Pustyni I W Puszczy, bo Staś był tam absolutnym wzorem wszystkich zalet, więc jak w końcu przeczytał, że nawet pływał lepiej niż poławiacze pereł, to cisną tą książką w kąt i więcej po nią nie sięgnął. Paradoksalnie, Sapkowski lepiej wypromował polską kulturę niż Sienkiewicz. Komuda też ma szanse, choć pisze od Sapkowskiego gorzej, bo Komuda ma szanse trafić w niszę zainteresowanych historią. Mimo że nie jest ich wielu, to ich opinia ma nieproporcjonalnie duże znaczenie.

[@TrainmakerPL]

You are almost Wi-Fi-password fluent. As a Pole I can say only one thing. Job well done.

[@kukakis1446]

very good and quality video

[@Adrian-zn1eu]

amazing!

[@nicktrueman224]

So the counter strike was nic named kurwa?I am reffering to your plan board at around 5.20. I have a copy of Zolkiewskiegos arming zupan. Rembrandt's Polish rider wears a near identical version but it has fur trim and grey blue not gold silk.

[@mohammedsaysrashid3587]

Informative episode about that conflict based on political instabilities of (Moscow City State)... Military interventions of polish-Lithuania commonwealth in one side & Sweden 🇸🇪 military separately...what a bloodshed political businesses of Nobles at that times

[@dwayneskinner6984]

After a great victory it sounds like it was all thrown away

[@samdumaquis2033]

Very interesting

[@wiwersewindemer4437]

the map at 2:05 is incorrect. At the time, Sweden had Älvholm, a town and fortress located at the place of modern Gothenburg.

[@PR_nick]

Amasing battle. It's funny that my childhood neighbor, was Mr. Wilkowski

[@erwinner8929]

1:02 that pronouncination was really pretty good tbh

[@nonono5921]

Nothing is said about the plot of Dmitry Shuisky who killed Mikhail Skopin Shuisky . Mikhail was a talented commander , like Maurice of orange , because he fought with tactics similar to him . he defeated the Poles 3 times together with delagardi. After that, he was killed by his brother Dmitry, who was an incompetent commander, which is why the battle of Klushin was lost. An amazing story : the army that under the command of Mikhail drove the Poles both in the tail and in the mane under the command of Dmitry ran away from the Poles . this proves once again how important the commander's personality is for soldiers.

[@praetorian3902]

1:43 lol for the surprise opening music.

[@AntipaladinPedigri]

5:25 lol. There is the Polish for for "fvck" or "fvck yeah!" on the sign

[@rubz1390]

The false Dmitri situation is like of those "if I had a nickel" memes lol.

[@mykelas531]

What does "Muscovite Russia" even mean? It was called Tsardom of Russia at the time.

[@alexanderchenf1]

18:00 question: how did the Commonwealth split the spoil among its soldiers? Given some of the hussars chased the fleeing enemies, did they get a promise to part of the spoil perhaps with extra bonus to chase the enemy?

[@iorvethx5758]

I'm Polish and I found this random "Kurwa" on de sign in 5:22 very funny 😅

[@ZS-rw4qq]

Question for my East Slavic brethren: Tsarevo Zaimishche, that's like "Emperor's fair"?

[@brokenbridge6316]

If I recall Czar Michael was able to bring about fifty years of Peace for Russia. Which is nice.

[@bakters]

" *Czar Michael was able to bring about fifty years of Peace for Russia* " In which sense of the word? Moscow continued to war against Rzeczpospolita and against rebelling Cossacks in the south (incidentally, in part led by the wife of False Dmitri, who married their ataman).

[@krzysztofmichniewicz6247]

Yeah... he brought fifty years of peace... by making and loosing another war against Poland-Lithuania just 20 years later during Commonwealth inerregnum time.

[@polishadamtv]

One Question Brother I'm polish and was actually watching the video with my 9 yr old son And he saw what was written beginning with the letter K And was asking me bunch of questions why would u write that in there and what does it have to do with the storyline? Please remember that some of your audience might not all be adults I let my son watch your videos so he learns about history. THIS WAS THE LAST PLACE I THOUGHY I WOULD FIND VULGARITY

[@helloScuffed]

W internecie są dostępne bardziej szczegółowe artykuły na ten temat i to w języku polskim , bitwa pod Kłuszynem 1610r. jest omawiana na lekcjach historii już w szkole podstawowej. Zamiast siedzieć w domu i oglądać na youtube, można się z dzieckiem do biblioteki miejskej wybrać. Skoro dziewięciolatek już wiedział że "kurwa" to wulgaryzm to słyszał to wcześniej, najszybciej w domu.

[@Arashmickey]

Dimitry II. AKA, Definitely Not a Different Dimity. AKA, The Third and Only Dimitri.

[@Thraim.]

Another false Dimitri? Comrade, we've got false Dimitris for days.

[@beczkabrowca304]

5:26 you can see most famous polish word

[@janjanczyk1326]

When you hear about 2,3, an4 Dimimitri You know they are sick.

[@moritamikamikara3879]

Can't wait for the sequel!

[@Chikanuk]

Great video in general, but few notes: 1. Its russians not muscovites. Time of Principality of Moscow among over principalities is passed, now its just Tsardom of Russia. 2. Novgorod, not Novogorod. 3. Its Lavra, not Larva.

[@tombry76wawa]

Moscovia not russia.

[@Chikanuk]

@@tombry76wawa Classic ukr butthurt so classic xD Histrically, since unification of Russia, its Russia. Deal with it.

[@CipiRipi-in7df]

@@Chikanuk No, It is Muskovy. It became Russia only after the coronation of Peter the Great, in 1721. Before that there is no Russia. Deal with it!

[@Chikanuk]

@@CipiRipi-in7df Its always funny to read some uneducated foreigners, who try to mask old fashioned racism behind "akchualy" wannabe-realistic fantasies. With literal zero knowledge about Russia ofc. Ivan the 4th? First Tsar of Russia? Nope, at beast you guys knows Peter.

[@Chikanuk]

@@CipiRipi-in7df Its always funny to read some uneducated foreigners, who try to trick their racism as pseudo-history. With literal zero knowledge about Russia ofc. Ivan the 4th? First Tsar of Russia? Nope, at beast you guys knows Peter.

[@maganechikujoin2020]

hello anybody know name of soundtrack used as background around 6:40 ????

[@RobotsEverywhereVideos]

I'm impressed at the relative lack of Sabaton memes

[@bartangel4867]

interesting video.

[@joellaz9836]

Do some videos on English civil war sieges (including the ones in Ireland by Cromwell).

[@Yasinets]

It's interesting to mention that Ukrainian Cossacks also participated in this war as a part of the Commonwealth army.

[@marcinmerchel832]

You pronounce 'Żółkiewski' pretty good😃

[@Deailon]

This battle is mythologised a lot. It was nice to see a recapitulation that shows blunders on both sides.

[@bakters]

" *This battle is mythologised a lot.* " No, it's not. The more research we do, the more crazy it all looks. " *blunders on both sides* " Which blunders on the Polish side? The fact that they walked past the sleeping enemy camps? It was pitched dark, they traveled through narrow roads, no wonder they couldn't see anything and the forward units managed to miss the enemy. People seem to forget that those nice tidy rectangles represent 100 or 200 horsemen. Most of the roads were a single wagon roads, which means only two guys could ride side-by-side, so that's 50 horses long column. That's one "tidy square" only, and there were many of those.

[@Deailon]

@@bakters Ad 1. It is, as historical politics of many sides of this battle interfere with how it is presented in text books and political pamphlets. Research is mostly inconsequential to the national myths. Ad 2. The blunders shown in the movie.

[@Deailon]

> incoherent nationalistic rambling of some stranger on the internet. Sure dude, whatever you say.

[@jackswiatek5221]

@@Deailon The only thing I have never seen on any tube is to show polish hussar cavalry tactics on a battlefield. It is found in Polish historical books, but no one else really has access to it. Tactics from the point how a horseman was trained, to the point how the horse itself was trained, how hussars could attack in a number of formations, how these formations on horses could be spread or unified, If you read these... if you have time, please dig these. And we can discuss it.