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@azzo_bukkeri6 ай бұрын
Arabic is an amazing , mathematical language.
@ammarhajjar13606 ай бұрын
عالَم = world It's called by this because the world is a sign that guide us to know the creator, Allah سبحانه وتعالى
@ThePreparedMuslim4 ай бұрын
This is the true explanation, but when Arabic is taught secularly it is sadly removed from it's primary beauty, which is it's connection to Islām and the Qur'an and sunnah
@MussyPlayz7 ай бұрын
What this man is teaching is called Sarfi which talks about the Arabic words roots, and Nahwa talks about the ending of Arabic letters or letters.
@ahmetcan9776 ай бұрын
بارك الله فيك وشكرا لك من تركيا، أنا تركي وأحاول أن أتقن اللغة العربية الفصحى 🤲 🇹🇷 ❤ 🇹🇷 🤲
@NoMan-pp1jq6 ай бұрын
ان شاء الله توصل إلى المرحلة التي تريدها في تعلم اللغة. زوجة اخي تعلمت اللغة التركية فقط من المشاهدة للمسلسلات التركية لكن للأسف المحتوى باللغة العربية الفصحى قليلة. بارك الله فيك وموفق بإذن الله 🤲🏼
@ahmetcan9776 ай бұрын
@@NoMan-pp1jq شكرا لك من تركيا. أهلا وسهلا
@ahmetcan9776 ай бұрын
@@NoMan-pp1jq من أين أنت؟
@NoMan-pp1jq6 ай бұрын
@@ahmetcan977 حياك الله اخي أنا من اليمن ولكن مقيم في امريكا ولدينا الكثير من الأتراك في مديتنا من إزمير وأنقرة . أطيب ناس وألذ طعام 😌
@ahmetcan9776 ай бұрын
@@NoMan-pp1jq ماشاءالله، كان يوجد أستاذ يمني في جامعتنا
@NoMan-pp1jq6 ай бұрын
This channel is so underrated. Amazing content. I’m already fluent in Arabic but I am learning from you how to teach it so thank you for this high quality information 🌹
@ahdid61056 ай бұрын
This is very entertaining and educational. Amazing knowledge from a non indigenous Arab. I've met very few people with this level of knowledge in Islam. Thanks Jordan Institute.
@nurulhasan39536 ай бұрын
MasyaAllah I've just stumbled upon this amazing channel. I'm Indonesian, and am keen to master Arabic. Thank you for your effort.
@saidbenali52957 ай бұрын
This is what I like in arabic it's not just elegant language but also a smart and logical language ❤. Thank you prof
@a1a12b2b6 ай бұрын
Terminology in Arabic is fascinating
@LamaKasabli6 ай бұрын
المفتاح لفهم اللغة العربية وتعلمها هو سماعها مراراً وتكراراً والبدء بنطقها وحفظ الكلمات . إيجاد شريك لغته الأم العربية ويتحدث بالفصحى معك لبدء حوار من الأساسيات صعوداً . لغة غنية جداً وعربقة مغرقة في القدم يجب أن تحبها لتتعلمها. المرحلة الأخيرة تعلم القواعد لترى أن من واصل السعي لإتقانها يهون عليه فهم قواعدها .
@3bbad6 ай бұрын
Professor Jordan, your arabic dialect sound the same as the king of Jordan. amazing work 😃 thank you.
@z9u0076 ай бұрын
we need more video of this series " The Key to Unlocking Arabic "
@FawadBilgrami7 ай бұрын
This shows how small bits the changes of the meaning. People who read Quran without proper pronunciations/ tajweed should be aware of it. JazakAllah for this lesson.
@redouanejnati7 ай бұрын
You forgot other words from the same root . Words such as : عليم Alim, عوالم Awalim, عولم Awlam and عولمة Awlama, and many more
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
Yes, you are right. There are at least another six more! We'll try to include all words in the next videos.
@alocin1107 ай бұрын
Amazing Dr. Jordan! I just hit your channel through YT recommendations. I believe you are an English speaking but your Arabic pronunciation, and accent is that of NATIVE' speakers. I am amazed with your knowledge. Thank you for sharing. I liked your video.
@BlackSeedOil207 ай бұрын
Jordan stands for the country Jordan (or Urdun) here. It is not his name.
@cctoycc81146 ай бұрын
في هذا المعلم العالمي يعلم المعلمون كل المعلومات عن هذا العالم
@nurullahteacher527 ай бұрын
This time I will be successful in Learning perfect language of Arabic inshaallah. Congratulations dear ustadh...❤💐🌹
@WAFI.13.6 ай бұрын
Sl Salamu Alikum. I can help in reading and conversation in Arabic if you want.
@Tfded6 ай бұрын
Perfect for arabs. All languages are perfect for their own nationals.
@hajrospio80916 ай бұрын
What a stuipid comment@@Tfded
@poidsdesmots7 ай бұрын
Very good job..im from France,my parents from algeria.they came in the sixties..borned in france,speaking arab with them,so i speak algerian darija,french and english,so i find this way to explain very cool because in my head,its from french to algerian,or from algerian to french,but in this case i must make english to french to arabic..but after listening few minutes the bridge english direct to arabic made itself..it's a new way in my brain👍👍
@Abosamir717 ай бұрын
معلوم تستخدم أيضا في العامية بمعنى I know وبمعنى sure
@thebeesnuts7777 ай бұрын
3lm , illuminate, knowledge which helps you see😊
@DidarHussain.7 ай бұрын
Beautiful logical language, which is also complex at the same time!
@ThePreparedMuslim4 ай бұрын
Excellent teacher. I'm learning a lot.
@abdulazizamba83174 ай бұрын
Your explanation is so clear
@Saud-k7r7 ай бұрын
I can add to these إستعلام و واستعلم وعليم
@herykustanto60846 ай бұрын
i really like the method used..thank so much
@bremember6 ай бұрын
Incredible lesson
@mahmudrahman98557 ай бұрын
Amazing 🤩 May Allah bless you more
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
Thank you! May Allah bless you too.
@stephenconnolly18306 ай бұрын
مُمْتاز- @@CGEJordan
@bagzhansadvakassov10937 ай бұрын
May Allah bless you
@abdulazizamba83174 ай бұрын
Masha Allah may the Almighty bless you and your family
@mazenabufasha1346 ай бұрын
Very creative way to explain the mechanics of Arabic language.
@CGEJordan6 ай бұрын
Thank you
@النصرقادم-ث4ظ6 ай бұрын
انت عالمي يا استاذ
@sirnightcube47017 ай бұрын
That intro song was actually fire !! Thank you ya Ustadh
@عبدالله-غ9ع2س6 ай бұрын
لكن الموسيقى محرمة عندنا نحن المسلمون
@sirnightcube47016 ай бұрын
@@عبدالله-غ9ع2س لا. هذا غلط. ما في كلام سيئة. لذلك قنوني
@عبدالله-غ9ع2س6 ай бұрын
لكن توجد معازف
@ahdid61056 ай бұрын
Alam meaning mark is actually in the sense that it is known or obvious.
@victoremman46397 ай бұрын
Very nice way to explain I'lm as sarf. The word عَلَم and علامة and عالم are related, so the interpretation : world is not the concept in arabic, but the things, the Signs, that our mind can grap (surah 2.31). Going further : the ع is the archetyp of the Perception, what a mind can grap by his senses, then comes etyma LM which is about what's occuring in this realm, the L beeing the archetyp of the Dedication, and the Mim, the matter. This is etymology of arabic language (and much more), and morphosemantic. Alif Lam Mim first, then and only then, A'in Lam Mim. :)
@malayunited77476 ай бұрын
BarakAllah
@7N_GA6 ай бұрын
I would like to add another (مَعالِم) which means Milestones..it's crazy how much you can get from a root😅
@James-g3w7w7 ай бұрын
You have raised an issue that I've wanted discussion about for years that I can't find any scholarship on. THESE SEMITIC LANGUAGES ARE ENGINEERED. Carl Sagan pointed to it when asked what language it would be best to teach extraterrestrials to communicate with us and he said Hebrew. He didn't go into detail except, I forget the exact words he used, to point out the engineered structure. I think he also meant paleo hebrew because of pictures associated with letters and probably he would have included the numbers. All that being said, my question is HOW DOES SUCH A LANGUAGE ORIGINATE? It obviously couldn't and didn't "evolve" (perhaps Sagan thought it "given" to the Akkadians by ET). At best I can only imagine the creation of a secret code engineered for military or religious purposes, but how does that become standard? It seems it would require some king to decree "everyone will now learn and speak only this new language we have created under pain of death". But why? To create a "holy language" based on interrelated numeric, geometric, and symbolic patterns? If you are aware of any books or papers about this I would like to know. I think Sanskrit is also very old, does appear engineered?
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
This is a very deep and difficult question to answer. You have some good insights. We don't delve too much into the origins, but our director believes that Sumerian and Akkadian (the source languages for all Semitic languages) might very well be the original language spoken by the earliest humans, even to Adam and Eve. The biblical story of the Tower of Babel (the word itself is Semitic and means "the gate of God") gives a possible explanation to the birth of other diverse and unique languages, proto Sanskrit possibility being one of these. On a side note, it is very interesting that ancient civilizations all over the world seem to have a universal collective memory that drove them to build the thousands of pyramids and ziggurats found on virtually every continent with a priestly sacrificial system also in place.
@janetgillespie65907 ай бұрын
In the Bible it says that the earth all spoke one language because it originated with one human pair. Later it says that God confused the language when the people built the Tower of Babel, because God said if they built this, would anything be too much for them. Would be interested to know how this works with the Moslem teaching.
@fadyalqaisy7 ай бұрын
Arabic is the only semitic language with an established root system. Arabs were the first to introduce Root-Dictionaries
@Sanddollar17 ай бұрын
@@fadyalqaisy Not true. All Semitic languages have an established triliteral root system; this is what makes them Semitic. The original Semitic language was Sumerian and then Akkadian.
@fadyalqaisy7 ай бұрын
@@Sanddollar1 nope, the first Arabic Root dictionary was written 1300 years ago, hebrew had its first root dictionary in 1890 and all roots are from Arabic, Aramaic a bit later and all roots were taken from Arabic
@supergirl18925 ай бұрын
Arabic is Computer and Algorithmic language... because of triliteral Root system and being Conceptual.
@MahirDar-lp7zv7 ай бұрын
What about the root letters put together without the Tashkeel? What is the meaning of it? Thank you,
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
Every root has at least one root essence meaning, but it is not used without the tashkeel. A root without tashkeel is like a building without doors, windows, or furniture--it's not livable. The tashkeel make the roots come alive. The root essence meaning of his particular root is "scientific knowledge" or "knowing facts."
@thebeesnuts7777 ай бұрын
Bayanah , instrument of extracting evidence , bayonet what surgeons use to clearly and professionally extract, rifles had them to a clear point of piercing
@TariqKishlaf6 ай бұрын
That was very good leason 😁. just acouple of things here. You've forgoten the present tens and the order form of the verp علم which is يعلم and إعلم also you switched from the three letter root علم to the four letters form تعلم which called مزيد and is the masculin past verb meaning to learn or to know . Thank you very much.
@drmemonmk7 ай бұрын
Nice explanation. Sir, I guess you missed form 10 verb and noun from the same root words… استعلم form 10 verb meaning “to inquire” and استعلام verbal noun meaning “enquiry” and the plural is استعلامات meaning “enquiries” or “information”.
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
Bravo for catching this. After we shot the video, we realized that we forgot to include Form 10. There are a lot of words from this particular root, for sure.
@alielhadi89157 ай бұрын
Thanks a lot 👍🤲✋❤️
@Trendkanal7 ай бұрын
The key is to learn a huge amount of vocabs
@faiga35447 ай бұрын
I disagree
@RyhanMuhammad-bb2xh6 ай бұрын
A wonderful lecture highlights the ease of the language 😯! لكن لماذا لا تضع القواعد لنقيس عليها باق الأفعال بأنفسنا
@RyhanMuhammad-bb2xh6 ай бұрын
هنا عدة قواعد أتمنى أن تفيد بها ❤لقد توصلت إليها تكوين الجمع في العربية عندما تكون الكلمة.. *. على وزن فاعل يكون الجمع على "فاعلون" ، مثل: طالب (طالبون) - خالد (خالدون). *. على وزن فاعلة يكون الجمع على "فاعلات" ، مثل: سامية (ساميات) - شاكرة (شاكرات). *. على وزن مفعول وعلى وزن مِفعال يكون الجمع على وزن "مفاعيل" ، مثل: منشور ( مناشير ) *.على وزن فَعْل يكون الجمع على وزن "فواعل" مثل ، نهي: نواهي - ختم خواتم أحيانا على وزن "فعول" مثل ، قصر (قصور) ضر (ضرور) شر (شرور ) *. على وزن فعيل يكون الجمع على أفعال مثل ، شرير أشرار، ضرير أضرار أحيانا على وزن "فعلاء" بالنهاية مثل ، فقيه فقهاء *. على وزن فَعْل يكون الجمع على وزن فواعل مثل ، نهي: نواهي - ختم خواتم *. على وزن مفعل يكون الجمع على " مفاعل " مثل مذهب مذاهب - مشفى مشافي *. على وزن فعول مثل ، قصر (قصور) ضر (ضرور) شر (شرور )
@RyhanMuhammad-bb2xh6 ай бұрын
ملحوظة : البابليون وهم الأكاديين سماهم بليني Pliny بالعرب واشترك معه قول يوسابيوس بعروبة الاشوريين ما يؤكد عروبة الآكدي 🎉
@yazeedal-tawil49396 ай бұрын
@@RyhanMuhammad-bb2xhاحسنت, كل الاراميين, السريان, الفينيق, المصريين القدماء, الاشوريين, البابليين, العيلاميين, العموريين, الانباط, الاكاديين, السومريين هم كلهم عرب بلهجات مختلفة ومتشابهة.
@AlfredKamara-dh9lo7 ай бұрын
السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته جزاك الله الله ❤❤❤❤❤❤
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
وعليكم السلام، شكرًا الك واياكم!
@adralia237 ай бұрын
I'm now learning Quran. Please elaborate more about عالم ("aalam) "world". I know here you explain the noun, the ism, but what is the madhi (past tense) of it, and what would that madhi mean? These different madhis that came from 1 root, are classified in a system called wazan. Please elaborate how from the root letter علم (he knew), when put into the wazan فاعل --> therefore عالم (madhi form), then it is now somehow mean "world"? I know you did explain this, but you were referring to the noun, not the madhi. I want to hear the explanation from the madhi form. And so, what does the wazan فاعل usually do to a root word? Can you give me other examples from this wazan? And lastly, perhaps you're not a mufasir, but can you explain what possible meaning these phrase can have : ربّ العالمين (rabbul-'aalamiin) Does the use of this specific word عالمين here could also hint that the Rabb is also all knowledgeable from all things in all universes? I mean, if it were just to show "the Rabb of all worlds" would there be other phrases in Arabic that can express that instead of ربّ العالمين ? Thanks a lot in advance 🙏🏻
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
The word عالَم is actually a rare noun form emanating from the Form 1 verb while the verb عالَم is a Form 3 verb. In MSA, the verb appears as عالَمَ with a fatHa over the meem, but in Spoken Arabic, we do not pronounce the last fatHa, so that is why we didn't write it on the board. The "tendency of meaning" for the 3rd wazan فاعل (Form 3 verbs) is "one-sided action." Some examples are ساعَد / حارَب / شارَك / عاوَن . ربّ العالَمِين indicates the idea that God is the creator of the entire universe and controls all things therein. The proper plural form of the noun عالَم is عَوالِم . The plural form In the Qur'an عالَمِين is particularly strange as this type of plural is only used as a human plural. It is likely that is was used for poetic reasons, but it's difficult to know.
@Jy3pr64 ай бұрын
Hello and thank you for this video. When will the prerecorded course be released? Will it be a Fusha course? Up to what level will it take the student? Thanks again
@الأسدالموحدي6 ай бұрын
You forgot : المعلمة : means the historical monuments or the giant buildings تعالم : Pretend to know And more
@globalnews-g6 ай бұрын
you forget to include معلوميات which means information science
@الأسدالموحدي6 ай бұрын
He forgot معلمة and تعالم and more
@globalnews-g6 ай бұрын
@@الأسدالموحدي great video ..anyway.. he's awesome
@nomansikder19417 ай бұрын
Thanks 👍
@hannalhin7 ай бұрын
Just tried doing this with a different root but I have a tough time thinking of a logical way to formulate different root patterns. Any advice on how to go about this?
@alielbaitam7 ай бұрын
This is a very confusing and totally wrong way to teach Arabic. Ignore it. All these words are totally unrelated. It mixes nouns with verbs. The right use for the root is to get all the other verbs from that root.
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
If you have Fridrik's book, The 101 Most Used Verbs in Spoken Arabic: Jordan & Palestine, you can read the introduction and find the tendency of meanings for each of the Ten Forms with example sentences that help. In the future, Fridrik may make his Ten Forms seminar available through our website. This is a four to five hour seminar going into detail about the Ten Verb Forms and the how the system works. Everything is connected and related. Don't listen to anyone's opinion who says otherwise. We will add more videos like these so that you can see how the system works. It is indeed systematic and predictable.
@lingo9807 ай бұрын
Of course the root concerns Both verbs and nouns. Not just verbs, from the 10 form verbs come different nouns and adjectives.
@QQ-yv8yl3 ай бұрын
You have mentioned about different forms but not explained how to define or identify a form. When the forms are defined put the coming word in its form by explaining the matching.
@A_Ali_S06 ай бұрын
I believe علامة also means symptoms.
@mohammedassalafi7 ай бұрын
please do more of these root videos
@mr.saroya21956 күн бұрын
"Engineered Language", great l.
@OmarAbdulMalikDHEdMPASPACPAPro7 ай бұрын
Assalamualaikum. I just subscribed. I really like your teaching style. Do you still give private lessions on-line?
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
We do offer online instruction. Please see our website (cgejordan.com) for more details.
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
And thank you for subscribing!
@OmarAbdulMalikDHEdMPASPACPAPro7 ай бұрын
@@CGEJordan Okay. Thanks.👍🏽🙂👋🏽👨🏽⚕️
@BavonWW6 ай бұрын
Please improve the audio. There is too much low room resonance. Try different mics such as clip-ons. Otherwise an excellent job.
@laiths33637 ай бұрын
Awesome 👏
@Musulman6187 ай бұрын
Wandering if you could read the quran then in its Arabic ?
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
Yes, anyone who can read Arabic well can also read the Qur'an.
@MendeMaria-ej8bf7 ай бұрын
Don't have all languages these roots?
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
Not that we know of and certainly not to the same degree. The triliteral root system is only found in the Semitic language family [Arabic, Amharic (spoken in Ethiopia), Tigrinya (spoken in Ethiopia and Eritrea), Hebrew, Tigre (spoken in Sudan), Aramaic (spoken in parts of Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Iran) and Maltese]
@MendeMaria-ej8bf7 ай бұрын
@@CGEJordan I've just studied a few languages, but see the roots in every one of them. The roots not always consist of just three consonants, though.
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
@@MendeMaria-ej8bf Yes, there are roots in other languages. English speakers benefit from the study of Latin root words, but the triliteral root system found in Semitic languages is unique in its engineered structure based on three-letter roots.
@MendeMaria-ej8bf7 ай бұрын
@@CGEJordan Agreed. ❤
@GabrielJoseph-l3n6 ай бұрын
انت معلم ماهر
@abdulazizamba83174 ай бұрын
I will love to join you
@ya4wl6 ай бұрын
علم means science???
@CGEJordan6 ай бұрын
عِلْم means science
@sirtree90806 ай бұрын
science (n.) mid-14c., "state or fact of knowing; what is known, knowledge (of something) acquired by study; information;" also "assurance of knowledge, certitude, certainty," from Old French science "knowledge, learning, application; corpus of human knowledge" (12c.), from Latin scientia "knowledge, a knowing; expertness," from sciens (genitive scientis) "intelligent, skilled," present participle of scire "to know." The original notion in the Latin verb probably is "to separate one thing from another, to distinguish," or else "to incise." This is related to scindere "to cut, divide" (from PIE root *skei- "to cut, split;" source also of Greek skhizein "to split, rend, cleave," Gothic skaidan, Old English sceadan "to divide, separate"). OED writes that the oldest English sense of the word now is restricted to theology and philosophy. From late 14c. in English as "book-learning," also "a particular branch of knowledge or of learning, systematized knowledge regarding a particular group of objects;" also "skillfulness, cleverness; craftiness." From c. 1400 as "experiential knowledge;" also "a skill resulting from training, handicraft; a trade." From late 14c. in the more specific sense of "collective human knowledge," especially that gained by systematic observation, experiment, and reasoning. The modern (restricted) sense of "body of regular or methodical observations or propositions concerning a particular subject or speculation" is attested by 1725; in 17c.-18c. this commonly was philosophy. The sense of "non-arts studies" is attested from 1670s. The distinction is commonly understood as between theoretical truth (Greek epistemē) and methods for effecting practical results (tekhnē), but science sometimes is used for practical applications and art for applications of skill. The predominant modern use, "natural and physical science," generally restricted to study of the phenomena of the material universe and its laws, is by mid-19c.
@sarahay9627 ай бұрын
Great Lesson!
@ArmageddonAfterparty7 ай бұрын
The key to unlocking good audio on KZbin videos:
@MendeMaria-ej8bf7 ай бұрын
Who watching this video has the eyes of an eagle? 😂
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
We'll make them bigger in the next video :)
@MendeMaria-ej8bf7 ай бұрын
@@CGEJordan Thank you for considering a bigger size for the written words. ❤
@MendeMaria-ej8bf7 ай бұрын
@@CGEJordan Thank you for considering a bigger size for the written words. ❤
@FatimahRose7 ай бұрын
❤❤❤❤
@sharifnishathussain50007 ай бұрын
Thanks but sound comes feeble.
@faizfitri13696 ай бұрын
Its( 'alima). I think. it was 'alam
@Persain_With_Mysam6 ай бұрын
آفرین
@9W9W9W7 ай бұрын
Also get this مُتعَالِم means someone who pretend knowledge 😂😂
@sirtree90806 ай бұрын
😂
@VidStudioAI6 ай бұрын
❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
@Habibjabber6 ай бұрын
I am from Iraq
@jungleebushcraft7 ай бұрын
So lost in translation....
@Mortazavi-vr5tm6 ай бұрын
Ok
@muhammadasadullahsaeed97787 ай бұрын
عِلْم ilm or عِلْمٌ ilmun
@CGEJordan7 ай бұрын
It depends on whether or not the word is definite or indefinite. We simplify it for learning purposes by removing the إعراب
@IELTSGATES6 ай бұрын
Arabic is a very rehtoric lamguage.
@tlazghab57424 ай бұрын
Arabic to other languages is like C++ to other programming languages.
@mamudukmamuduk45847 ай бұрын
Sorry, but you look like Lawrence of Arabia 😂
@DdG-m4e6 ай бұрын
the arabic is so so sooooooooo easy is the easiest language in the world
@MS_Work107 ай бұрын
O my eyes you are tired
@mtom22376 ай бұрын
This man makes a lot of mistakes in his explanation of the words.
@robmax71456 ай бұрын
Sound is so bad that one can hardly understand half of what he says
@farehanoor66716 ай бұрын
I believe علوم means knowledge. Not science.
@sirtree90806 ай бұрын
science (n.) mid-14c., "state or fact of knowing; what is known, knowledge (of something) acquired by study; information;" also "assurance of knowledge, certitude, certainty," from Old French science "knowledge, learning, application; corpus of human knowledge" (12c.), from Latin scientia "knowledge, a knowing; expertness," from sciens (genitive scientis) "intelligent, skilled," present participle of scire "to know." The original notion in the Latin verb probably is "to separate one thing from another, to distinguish," or else "to incise." This is related to scindere "to cut, divide" (from PIE root *skei- "to cut, split;" source also of Greek skhizein "to split, rend, cleave," Gothic skaidan, Old English sceadan "to divide, separate"). OED writes that the oldest English sense of the word now is restricted to theology and philosophy. From late 14c. in English as "book-learning," also "a particular branch of knowledge or of learning, systematized knowledge regarding a particular group of objects;" also "skillfulness, cleverness; craftiness." From c. 1400 as "experiential knowledge;" also "a skill resulting from training, handicraft; a trade." From late 14c. in the more specific sense of "collective human knowledge," especially that gained by systematic observation, experiment, and reasoning. The modern (restricted) sense of "body of regular or methodical observations or propositions concerning a particular subject or speculation" is attested by 1725; in 17c.-18c. this commonly was philosophy. The sense of "non-arts studies" is attested from 1670s. The distinction is commonly understood as between theoretical truth (Greek epistemē) and methods for effecting practical results (tekhnē), but science sometimes is used for practical applications and art for applications of skill. The predominant modern use, "natural and physical science," generally restricted to study of the phenomena of the material universe and its laws, is by mid-19c.