The Oldest Ankylosaur Ever Found Had Spikes Fused to its Ribs - 7 Days of Science

[@beastmaster0934]

Spicomellus: The real Anguirus.

[@qwopiretyu]

Old heads get this joke

[@Id_have_all_birds_in_zoos]

@@qwopiretyu anyone who knows Godzilla can get this joke

[@qwopiretyu]

@@Id_have_all_birds_in_zoos Matthew McMuscles what are you doing here?!

[@destroyerofmonsters]

Everybody gangsta until Anguirus is actually real.

[@Jpteryx]

Next week: stegosaur with plates resembling Godzilla's

[@EndreaiYT]

@@Jpteryx who lives a semi aquatic lifestyle as well

[@halogen5580]

@@EndreaiYT which could also absorb radioactive waste

[@altithoraxperotorum5133]

@@Jpteryx fun fact stegosaurs once had been reconstructed as a bipedal animal

[@christianbontempo8859]

Don’t forget that today we learned of the discovery of two Spinosaurs from England. Ceratosuchops and Riparovenator.

[@garchompy_1561]

they mentioned RIGHT at the end, and they will cover it later

[@jaybookout121]

Sierraceratops as well

[@Scarlet_Soul]

Ah so much better, 2D Doug is back and not the weird 3D animation

[@sizanogreen9900]

2D > (Cgi) 3D, every anime fan knows it.

[@mmmghool]

@@sizanogreen9900 imma have to respectfully disagree because I believe mixed medium anime that uses both interchangeably is potentially the best, even tho it can be done poorly easily

[@sizanogreen9900]

@@mmmghool I wouldn't call it the best but passable. The best of that I have seen so far are Girl's last tour and Dorohedoro

[@timsmith6675]

Tail wagging dinosaurs might look cute unless they're chasing you down. In modern times, I bet not many people would like being chased by a goose either including myself. 😆

[@bradwhite5884]

"First comes the "Ooh's!!" and the "Ah's!!", but then comes the running and screaming, and the eating!!"

[@TheAtroxious]

@@temporaryname8905 I too hate animal cruelty. That's why I'll kick any animal that's being cruel to me.

[@amicoandre3951]

I wonder if that means that the osteoderms in Ankylosaurs are actually the spikes that separated from the rib over millions of years.

[@Valerio_the_wandering_sprite]

Given its spiny look and the fact this ankylosaur had rows of spikes sprouting from its bones, it wouldn't be a bad idea calling it the Pinhead dinosaur.

[@raylopez99]

Running into one of those spines must have been painful, both for you and the ankylosaur. Especially if the impact resonated at a natural frequency that would have tickled the dino and made them laugh. Like hitting your funny bone.

[@justcallmpeter]

Who you calling pinhead?

[@unicornep1818]

Ahh the real Doug is back in his beautiful 2d sexiness

[@paleoleft]

hell yeah i love ankylosaurs, its cool to hear new stuff about them

[@alanthielking6527]

I must admit, I clicked on this because I expected that the particular Ankylosaur had lived to old age, and that was why the spikes had fused to the ribs.

[@calvingrondahl1011]

Spicomellus...we talked about it at our museum staff meeting this morning, I saw it first on 7 Days of Science, thanks Ben. And thanks for the space news Doug, your humor is fun. Hello from Utah, USA.

[@dannya1854]

Haven't dinosaurs always been depicted with their tails moving side to side as they ran? It seems to have been common sense for a very long time.

[@Freshie207]

It was suspected before this study yes, see Dinosaurs have very large caudofemoralis muscles (which link the hips and tail), in living crocodiles these pull base of the tail towards the stepping hindlimb and then alternate with each pace. So this study provides further evidence, rather than a new theory. Still very cool

[@xXxBromeliaxXx]

That new dinosaur is metal AF.

[@thhseeking]

They look adorable as they run...towards you...mouths agape and filled with lots of "sharp, pointy teeth"! XD

[@wafikiri_]

I thought lateral movement of the tail when walking or running was long established, I've always viewed dinosaur movement that way, it's the only reasonable way. Now you say it wasn't known? What a surprise!

[@realAniram]

I know, I feel like I've seen it done that way in a lot of paleoart and documentaries, at least for the small raptors like compies.

[@imjustaguy4340]

Yeah i never actualy thought it was a fixed thing

[@Freshie207]

It was strongly suspected based on examination of caudofemoralis muscles in living crocodilians. I remember it being outlined in Discovery’s T. rex in the mid 90’s

[@hollyodii5969]

Spikes in the ribs?! That’s next level extra.

[@Ozraptor4]

1:43 only the second ankylosaur from Gondwana? After Minmi… and Antarctopelta… and Kunbarrasaurus… and the Allen Formation ankylosaur…

[@Stormfin]

Aw, next week? But I want it now.

[@pastlife960]

I visited the Dinosaur Isle museum on the Isle of Wight in July and got chatting with some of the palaeontologists there. They told me that two new spinosaurs had been described, but to not tell too many people because the press didn’t know yet. So this was a fun but if need to get today, because I knew it was coming!

[@nefreetman]

I'm just going to start imagining what Alex would have said during his segments going forward

[@JamesWilliams-dj2bp]

I have difficulty believing the 4 legged animal carried it's tail horizontally. There is no need to do so for balance. The weight of the tail would cause fatigue in the animal. Does man walk with their arms horizontally, even though there is better balance doing so?

[@AngryMothNoises]

I am not sure how we think the tail thing is new? We all ready knew this was the case with Carno? Or is that different? Because in the paper talking about Carnosaurus tail it says its what helped is run as fast as it did.

[@Freshie207]

So we already understood that the caudofemoralis muscles swing the base of the tail with each step, this study looked at how the end of the tail sort of swings back to compensate as well as the head. So when viewed from above Dinosaurs would seem to be slithering or swimming, with their heads swinging side to side and this motion flowing down their body. And yes Carnotaurus is famous for it’s giant caudofemoralis muscles, though it’s tail vertebrae have bigger than normal zygopotheses, so it might have had the least flexibility of any therapod

[@drewblair3953]

love this series!!

[@Guitar387]

Dinosaurs are the coolest ever.

[@crimesartbalaur]

How can Spicomellus be the second Ankylosaurian from Gondwana if I can name Minmi, Kunbarrasaurus, and Antarctopelta off the top of my head?...

[@EndreaiYT]

He forgor 💀

[@IgnitionP]

This week has some really exciting discoveries!

[@RP-mm9ie]

really exciting discoveries!

[@colinakersakers44]

Finding those cells is crazy

[@coldstone01]

a pinhead dinosaur that the spikes were fused to the rib cage. interesting. as always. Thanks Ben and the other two cardboard cutouts.

[@michaelbuono4007]

Or another possibility is that only the ceolyphsis and it’s close Relatives were wagging their tails

[@boyinblue.]

1:32 the image does not help establish scale as the cat silhouette is not on the same plane as the ankylosaur.

[@briangeer1024]

Wow. I just found you because your video about the small hammerhead and then this soon you upload again.

[@hallamhal]

1:30 that cat looks alarmed

[@kuitaranheatmorus9932]

A good 7DOS,qnd I love it very much

[@meeverse875]

Amazing topics this week; Earliest Ankylosaur found in current day Libya, a new location for these animals to be found, also with armour attached to the ribs instead of previously found armour attached to the skin. Cartilage containing a nucleus found. A paper discussion the high probability of dinosaurs waving their tails to assist in movement.

[@fishface6159]

Does Ben just constantly cut over Doug speaking out of spite? Lmao.

[@Heva1987]

wooo looking forward to Baryonyx sweeet

[@vincentmarcellino7183]

A T Rex wagging his tail running towards me sounds significantly less terrifying

[@fennecfoxrocks649]

Until your actualy being chased by a t rex

[@TragoudistrosMPH]

*You see a redwood incidentally knocked over by that tail* "Still adorable?"

[@bradwhite5884]

Me and my mates being chased by a T-Rex while it wags it's tail: "Must go faster!!"

[@ColdHawk]

Loved the throwba

[@IlIlIlIllIlIllI]

Amazing!

[@shamik_sathe]

They showed the tail movement dinosaur thing in a t rex documentary called t rex anatomy.

[@Freshie207]

One of the main take always from the paper is that the head swings to compensate the tail, which is novel. So it’s better to say the paper demonstrated head swinging

[@shamik_sathe]

@@Freshie207 ok

[@tomdarco2223]

Right On

[@melvinshine9841]

I'm having the hardest time envisioning what an animal with *spiked ribs* would've looked like while alive. Like how much of the spikes would've been visible or would they have been covered in skin or keratin?

[@patrickmccurry1563]

I doubt the skin covering their ribs would have been multiple inches thick to fully obscure spikes. None of the reconstructions of akylosaurs I've seen show them with super thick flesh like that. Even with the obvious difficulties in knowing what living versions of extinct animals looked like, I think that much extra mass would be noticeable on fossils.

[@Jpteryx]

The shape of the spikes would have been visible, but they would almost certainly be covered in keratin. It's a very similar situation to horns, which are just spikes protruding from the skull.

[@dabigbossdk]

The rib spikes remind me of early turtle revolution, with ribs forming a defensive adaptation

[@ashdalbey4700]

they say that the ankylosaur having spikes attached to it's skeleton is unlike any other vertebrate, but what about porkupine fish and pufferfish

[@j-frolland4200]

Hey, that's pretty good!

[@dynamoterror7077]

And then three new dinosaurs are described this morning.

[@lucienarcos-palma3834]

Hello can u do a video about the odobenocetops and the deodon/entelodon familly pls there is no many videos about those ones. (Sorry for my bad english)

[@b.n.e6090]

Are those editing errors or do you do that on purpose?

[@equarg]

Awwwwwww a dino wagging its tail……….

[@thetophatnerd2664]

You had the chance to call him anguirus, but you didn’t

[@MaryAnnNytowl]

Interesting news brief! Still not convinced that Mars won't be extremely difficult to populate. And, wow! That's one wicked looking critter! Glad they're not still around. That would be a little hazardous for picnics, I'd think. That little cell still existing after so long? Holy cow! But it's from a cute little dino, for sure! Then again, I have a couple of dozen little dinosaurs living here, being spoiled by me, so... I may be a bit prejudiced. Ancient critter movement being figured out like that is pretty fascinating, too - I wonder if that idea came before or after the medical science variety that is making artificial limbs work better for amputees.

[@benderisgreat95able]

Could you cover biologic immortality at any point?

[@SquirrelASMR]

The tail thing would look scary not adorable, like a giant snake motion or something creepy and slithery looking

[@The_PokeSaurus]

Moving to Mars in the future, and dinosaurs cells getting fossilized! What a week.

[@Yarblocosifilitico]

Hedgehogs all over the world walk prouder now

[@Orions_path]

I love anki and when I saw this I clicked so fast the screen broke!

[@stegosaure8247]

Rip screen

[@KAILLANCE69THEGAMER1]

i love ur vids

[@MartinUToob]

Did I hear that?! ("How will we compete against 'The Peg'?") 🧐

[@erictaylor5462]

If these animals liked today, I'm betting the tail wagging would be seen as more terrifying than cute.

[@Wohodix]

we drive extinct all species which are a threat to us

[@erictaylor5462]

@@Wohodix No, we don't. Just look at the number of extant species that are threat to humans. Not just human safety, but economic threats as well. I'll grant you, humans have not really been good about the protection of species, but when you look at the species we have driven to extinction, most were no threat to humans economically or to human safety. Some species were tasty, others had parts that were valued by humans for one reason or another, but most were simply in the way. If we had driven only those species that were a threat to us, that at least would have been somewhat justified. But the truth is, there is no justification for extinguishing a species because you didn't care enough to realize it was even there. Or worse, because you were willing to pay someone well to get some part of the animal you wanted.

[@maylabrown4584]

Anguirus was real then!

[@vincentmarcellino7183]

Spikes fused to its ribs. That's pretty metal

[@StonedtotheBones13]

Literally my hs track coach told me to hold my arms like a t Rex... So they would have held their arms relatively still as well, but their tails were not...

[@qwertyuiop1st]

Yesh..... T.Rex, its tail wagging adorably as it charges at me. Very cute.

[@reeyees50]

0:45 is wrong because of Encedalus

[@EveryoneElseIsWeirdImNormal]

1:34 so as like a 6 year old I had already come up with a theory that stegosaurus evolved into

[@dax6497]

Spicomellus is literally a meme Mess with the ankylo U get the spiko

[@pootoobuser1239]

Love how Uncle Ben's rice advertises for your channel. As much as I enjoy it. The dry humour makes me smile

[@tidub119]

Breakthrough? Ever seen a lizard move?

[@jaremakarwowski1574]

Ok, but where is history guy? He used to be bring a lot to the table at the end of the video.

[@PleiadianDreams]

>

[@jislh9453]

Did we get the “same” thing for T. rex for the dinosaur movement

[@BertLaverman]

"would have looked adorable"... yeah, riiight...

[@garypfeiffer3489]

I'm drawing Spicomellus right now

[@martin11844]

i really tought the wagging tail was very ovbious

[@DialE4Eggs]

Metal Asf

[@benjamindover5676]

What would a person look like after several generations on Mars?

[@mathieuleader8601]

spikes galore

[@LEDewey_MD]

Today, chromatin found. Tomorrow - Jurassic Park? (Just kidding!)

[@raphlvlogs271]

dinosaurs must have been more diverse and complex than we know.

[@g3heathen209]

A really spiky boi.

[@Nmethyltransferase]

Continent Formerly Known As Pangea

[@michaelbuono4007]

4:00 I can’t really tell the difference

[@Demolitiondude]

Let's make sure games workshop doesn't copyright mars.

[@Tyrannosaurus.rex.]

I thought all dinosaurs from the ankylosaur family were from the cretaceous, but I guess not

[@winter2716]

Traditionally yes, but now several genera are known from the middle to late Jurassic as well. This supports the idea that they shared a common ancestor with the stegosaurs, and the two lineages likely diverged in the early Jurassic.

[@bugtalk84]

Perhaps one day we could bring back dinosaurs from extinction by using well preserved DNA, the question is though, would we want to?

[@bradwhite5884]

We all know that famous quote and know how it goes, don't we?

[@alysononoahu8702]

Spinosaurs isle of whyte!!!!! Alligator head with horns!!!!! Stay tuned🦕🦖🦕🦖🦕

[@reverseuniverse2559]

My 2nd favourite to Rex 🦖

[@osmosisjones4912]

So dinosaur DNA was found. . What if DNA at least leave chemical impressions of its sequence

[@Br3ttM]

Even if we could sift through the individual molecules, it would probably just be a jumble of disconnected letters. The knowledge may be useful for looking at species we killed off in prehistoric times, and more remains of dinosaurs at a cellular level would still help us understand them, even if we can't actually recover DNA.

[@brosoul9323]

We found dinosaur dna? Oh god...

[@imjustaguy4340]

I never new thw spikes were usualy in the skin

[@nekomataumbreon]

McFuckin' Anguirus

[@danielmarkley7222]

Why do I feel like I'd seen the tail wagging in some movie?

[@bradwhite5884]

Velociraptors wagging their tails would be a scariest thing to see in either the movies and the real life

[@rifl-rex]

Is argintivis in ark is even real

[@raphlvlogs271]

would living on Mars for too long causes you to lose some physical strength due to the lower gravity?

[@paranoiia8]

Probably yes as human body is not really made to function in lower gravity environment, but as far as you will be active and exercise muscle and bone structure should not be that affected compared to eg long time in space station when there is no gravity.

[@OkieDokieSmokie]

He's looking better. Did he lose weight?

[@acacia8261]

Where is alex?

[@cesarvidelac]

With all due respect... I was a biology student once, and read a lot about human walking mechanics and flying models both in insects and birds. That walking model is wrong in one or two key aspects. The main flaw I see is that the animation is not considering the tridimensional development of the center of gravity. It's obvious that it's moving in a straight line, which is not realistic or even close to the real walking of any bipedal, including birds or humans. In front view, the CG moves along the shape of an "infinite" symbol, balancing the weight through right and left and up to down, following that figure. In side view, the CG would make a sine curve and the feet should not be rigid and fully extended as you see in the animation, they should bounce under the weight of the animal, and flex accordingly to each step, following a cycloid curve. Sorry to be the devil's advocate here but great video anyway.

[@heramann6916]

2:11 wait, dunno about spikes but I'm pretty sure I've seen an animal that had bony protrusions on it's ribs some months ago. Don't remember which animal it was tho.

[@tolbaszy8067]

Is actual Doug's haircut so bad that cardboard Doug is on the job?