The Reformation Episode 1: John Wycliffe and the Middle Ages

[@mmbtalk]

Great presentation, great job Eva, I was obliged to subscribe!

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you! 😊

[@BearRiverBooks]

The presenter knows the history. She has also provided the necessary context for people unfamiliar with the period. Terrific lecture, very well organized and presented. I am familiar with the material but found enough in this lecture to keep me interested. Really excellent job.

[@yichengyi]

How does this channel not have more subscribers?!! It's an absolute hidden gem.

[@boxorfurnace]

I was thinking the same thing!! This is great content!

[@danawinsor1380]

The idea of burning people to death is beyond my ability to comprehend. It is impossible to imagine the degree of agony these poor people were put through. The fact that this was done publicly so that people could watch makes it all the more inconceivable.

[@evaschubert1]

I have to agree with you on this . The prospect is so horrifying that it’s hard to hold it in your mind for too long. Even more astonishing is that some people would endure this death rather than say whatever words were being forced on them to escape it.

[@CaesarRenasci]

It was actually the crowds found auto de fe entertaining. People came with their entire families from miles away.

[@evaschubert1]

@@CaesarRenasci True, and sickening.

[@leek1002]

​@@evaschubert1great video

[@rogerkropuenske2866]

Thank you!! Once again you cover a momentous event in time by putting flesh and blood into the hands of history to give it the passion it deserves! May all who see it be blessed with a heart of joy and thankfulness for the gifts of grace we now have available to us!!!!!

[@evaschubert1]

Very glad you enjoyed it Roger.

[@Stupidityindex]

In the XII century significant events take place, as described in the Gospels: the coming of Jesus Christ, his life and crucifixion, although the existing text of the Gospels was edited and most likely dates to the XIV-XV cc. In the mid XII century, in the year 1152, Jesus Christ is born. In secular Byzantine history he is known as Emperor Andronicus and St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called in Russian history he was portrayed as the Great Prince Andrey Bogolyubsky. To be more specific, Andrey Bogolyubsky is a chronicler counterpart of Andronicus-Christ during his stay in Vladimir-Suzdal Rus’ of the XII century, where he spent most of his life. In fact, the Star of Bethlehem blazed in the middle of the XII century. This gives us an absolute astronomical dating of Christ’s Life. [ЦРС], ch.1. ‘Star of Bethlehem’ - is an explosion of a supernova, which at present is incorrectly dated to the middle of the XI century. The present-day Crab Nebula in the Taurus Constellation is the remnant of this explosion. Enigmatic timber scarcity in Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages as first recognized by dender-pioneer Ernest Hollstein (1918-1988) "No sites exist anywhere with uninterrupted timber specimen from about 1000 CE backwards to Imperial Antiquity(1st-3rd c.). which is why the dendro-chronologies for Ancient Rome and, thereby the entire first millennium are in disarray. Since the very existence of the chronology periods without wood samples was never doubted by the researchers, nobody started to question our textbook chronology. Instead, out of stratigraphic context, scholars searched for wood samples in wells or moors to fill the irritating gaps. In addition, identical reign sequences were used twice in a row to gamer more years. Therefor, "all dendrochronological datings done on West Roman time wood is wrong by some unknown number of years"(") kzbin.info/www/bejne/mWmaZ5-Gj5KIkLc&ab_channel=PlanetAmnesia

[@daninspiration]

This deserves lot more views. As a non Christian i was trying to clearly understand Reformation but this context of history was missing..

[@evaschubert1]

@@daninspiration I am so glad to hear you found it helpful.

[@HappyFern07]

​@@evaschubert1enjoying your videos. Binge watching. Curious... Do you have any religious beliefs? I've been looking for a non bias source as protestants tend to exaggerate and catholics tend to minimize these atrocities.

[@evaschubert1]

@@HappyFern07Thank you for your kind comments. I try very hard to present matters in an unbiased way, to the extent that it is possible.

[@HappyFern07]

​@@evaschubert1 It definitely comes across as unbiased and very centered. I hope I am not being rude in insisting but I would still love to know If you have a religious preference😅 I intend to share the videos and I know I will be asked...

[@dangerousdave85]

Great video and such a fluid presentation. Really well done 👏

[@evaschubert1]

Thanks so much for letting me know. I really appreciate it 😊

[@ThisIsMe3699]

I like your content. Thanks. Keep talking.

[@ericedwards5034]

I am just starting this series, but I believe that I am going to get a much better presentation of the Protestant Reformation than I have in the past. As a Christian, there is a tendency to sugarcoat this issue to myth make around certain people (Luther & Calvin), ignore others (like Dr. Wycliffe) and tell us that it was all good! Thanks for taking the time to just cover and present the history without betraying any historical and/or philosophical biases!

[@tamaratyler7786]

Love your history lessons! Thank you Eva!💖

[@mikebales971]

Great job. Keep at it

[@boxorfurnace]

This channel should have a 100K subscribers. This is some of the best historical content out there. Very well done

[@fernandocunha1457]

Just amazing. Tks for sharing the knowledge.

[@dundundun4242]

Fantastic video thanks

[@Adrian-ww2jj]

This video shows me how the political power in connection with ideology may work. Very useful for the days we live. Thank you a lot!

[@shirleyadams8725]

This speaker makes everything so clear and easy to understand.

[@mattslater167]

Amazing! Thanks!

[@Paul.Morgan]

You bring momentous history to life in my mind. Thanks for this vivid talk! I'm looking forward to the rest of the series.

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you Paul! It may take a while before I get the next episode out, but it is coming I promise 😊

[@Paul.Morgan]

​@@evaschubert1I'll check out your Ferdinand and Isabella series in the meantime!

[@RichardHuffman]

Wonderful to hear and see you again, love your crafting of history into narratives!

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you very much!

[@carlosenriquegonzalez-isla6523]

Bright, informative, entertained. An extraordinary presentation by a intelligent, beautiful woman

[@Smartarooni]

Took a class in church history while in college and have been intrigued with it ever since. Thanks for sharing your knowledge.

[@evaschubert1]

I am so glad you found it useful.

[@diggernash1]

Well...I guess I'll be binge watching this serious; intelligence and beauty is timelessly captivating. Thank you for making this available, I already know it will fill in many gaps in my historical knowledge.

[@box-botkids3267]

When the internet was introduced, it was sold as the 'information superhighway '. They said we would have the world of knowledge at our fingertips. It is people like you and content like yours that fulfill that promise. Thank you. (BTW, you're pretty, too.)

[@evaschubert1]

@@box-botkids3267 Thank you for this comment. As an educator I know there is so much rubbish circulating online, but increasingly this is where people get the bulk of their information. This is my own small attempt to make better quality information available on these platforms.

[@dougcortes6567]

@@evaschubert1 I am a uni prof and I concur. Excellent presentation, btw. Looking forward to next parts and hearing your take on this very important time period that arguably, along with the Columbian Exchange, set the stage for the modern world. Love it!!!

[@Campbellteaching]

So interesting

[@piedpiper4422]

Loved your history videos. And i love how you narrate it! ❤❤❤ waiting for more videos!

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you!

[@wadeclyke8105]

Really enjoy a second listen . Thank you

[@janeta4138]

I was so happy to see a new video from you. Thank you! You are so talented and I have learned so much from your historical stories. Proud to be your fellow Canadian ❤

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you very much! 😊🙏

[@sireenadynal4391]

I was wondering when episode 2 will be published? I love all of your history videos!

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you! I got delayed by some crazy events but I plan to have the next episode out in September. 😊

[@TheEunniek]

So beautifully delivered. I am glad to have come across this channel. I will be visiting regularly.

[@adelazab6052]

in DW documental Some catholic popes live to attend Killing their enemies in Vatican

[@blitzempestcontrol1759]

Thoroughly enjoyed this very clear exposition. One wonders what joys Wycliffe , Tyndale and their successors would find in all the textual refinements from recent 19th and 20th c manuscript discoveries . Their hearts would be overcome no doubt. It is remarkable how much the Bible translations freely available today benefit us. Their self sacrifical work truly honoured the text

[@sbwetherbe]

Just discovered your channel. Thank you!

[@evaschubert1]

Thanks for stopping by 😊

[@bairfreedom]

Wycliffe was amazing! I just finished a few books on him. He was clever. He was an expert in all matters or law, he was also the most learned and most educated theologian in England.

[@evaschubert1]

An absolutely fascinating figure 👍

[@uncatila]

Thomas More was the great English mind

[@Kitiwake]

So why couldn't he write a good bible translation then?

[@bobstine3785]

​@@uncatilawas he? He was certainly ready to recommend burning heretics.

[@uncatila]

@@bobstine3785 Tomas More was ahead of his time. Tyndale said "agape is love" the Beatles said "all you need is love" The modern culture says "love is love" St Thomas More wrote "Tyndale has reduced Agape to the life affection that some useless fellow has for his mate"

[@colinadevivero]

You have a wonderful way of presenting historical facts. Keep up the great work.

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you for your kind comment.

[@oscararenaza7130]

Superinteresting! Thanks and regards!

[@JesusIsGodInTheFlesh3]

Hi Eva. Just watched this video yesterday and I had to come back to say thank you for this content. I am so grateful that you put so much thought, time and effort into this video because it was an absolute pleasure to watch it, and it was more than what I could have asked for when looking for a video about John Wycliffe. What an amazing piece of work this is. I'm honestly so grateful for it. It was so fascinating to listen to all of the information in this video and I found it so interesting how you pieced everything together and broke everything down. You really picked the best pieces of information from each time period to really bring the points home and give great context to the power and control the Roman Catholic Church had over the world and over the people, and you brought so much life to each topic you spoke of and I felt like you really went through a lot of effort to not leave out any important details about any specific topic. You really did a magnificent job of putting the life and work of John Wycliffe into the bigger overall context of what was happening around the world in all related matters at that time. You seem like a very intelligent woman and I feel blessed to be able to watch videos like these. Thank God there are 2 more parts you made in this series, I'm definitely going to watch them because of how brilliant this was! God bless you Eva, thank you so much. Jesus Christ died for you sins and he loves you so much 🙏♥️✝️

[@francishodges6873]

I taught Western Civ in college for 40 years. Wish you could have been a guest lecturer. One question: Didn't Wycliffe eventually attack transubstantiation and did not that result in John of Gaunt dropping his support?

[@evaschubert1]

Yes! You are correct on both counts. While John of Gaunt was happy to use some of Wycliffe’s ideas for political leverage, he was not a reformer from a conviction point of view.

[@francishodges6873]

@@evaschubert1

[@jayprice5840]

Really impressed by the presentation! As a believer who is continually in search of knowledge, I thought this an excellent class. It also looks like it would have been exhausting to do.

[@jerryanderson3181]

Wow excellent job on the delivery and obviously all the time you put into gathering all the information again excellent job

[@CelestineAnyadiegwu]

Thank you Eva, you made it so easy even for a lay person to understand.

[@evaschubert1]

I am so glad you found it helpful. Thank you for me know 😊

[@DominicMazoch]

The Diocese of Milian is a separate Rite in the Roman Catholic West. Sometimes called the Ambrosian Rite.

[@adechalus]

I’m so thankful I found your channel!

[@evaschubert1]

So am I! 🙂

[@johnhenrick2298]

I very much appreciate your work to put all this information together. Thank you, Eva. We have much to thank John Wycliffe, Martin Luther and others for in risking their lives (and others who lost their lives) against evil people to bring us where we are, now. Today, I see so-called Christians arguing over bible versions; there is a faction that insists only the King James version is the right one. I had a pastor friend who was like that. Then one day I questioned him as to whether there was a civilization on this earth prior to the time of Adam and Eve. He insisted that there wasn't. Then I asked him if there are any errors in the KJV. He insisted there are none. So I pointed him to Genesis 1:28 where God tells Adam and Eve to replenish the earth. I asked him what 'replenish' means, and he said it means to fill the earth. (Other bible versions have corrected it). I said that replenish means to refill. You can't refill something if it hasn't already been filled at one time. He became angry and pulled out a dictionary which supported the meaning of replenish. He then became angrier and pulled out another dictionary. Three dictionaries he pulled out and was so angry that his wife asked him why he was shouting at me. Perhaps these 'KJV only' people think God only speaks in the archaic English language. 😁

[@savagedarksider2147]

Welcome back.

[@evaschubert1]

😁👍

[@francishodges6873]

I did not know until recently that Isabella was descended from John of Gaunt through two lines, one in Castile and the other in Portugal. She and Ferdinand would not send their dght Catherine to marry Arthur Tudor, who would have been her distant cousin, until they were convinced that Henry VII's throne was secure. That meant he had to rid himself of a pretender, Perkin Warbeck, as well as a legitimate surviving Plantagenet, the earl of Warwick.,,, You also do a great job explaining the differences between medieval Catholoicism and Pfotestabtism in a way which laymen can understand.

[@evaschubert1]

Yes the relationships among the royal houses get quite dizzying. I am glad you think the Protestant/Catholic divide is clearly explained.

[@mrk24107]

Very enjoyable and thorough presentation.... Thank you.

[@evaschubert1]

So glad to hear you found it useful 😊

[@brucemillett3419]

Very nice presentation. The more I think about what you covered, the more impressed I am.

[@rubenjames7345]

Great high-level discussion. Can't believe you didn't drop the origin of "martial law" into the discussion.

[@bobstine3785]

Terrific episode! ❤

[@hobonickel840]

Thank you! You did a magnificent service in describing the, lord of the fly, level of ignorance that permeated through the culture, unmasked, back then.

[@anlaugschreinerberge4588]

This is great! I love it! Both the way you are telling it - it makes our history so accesable to me! And the level you put in on too. Often, I find history on the Internett either to academic and hard for me (as a person with no education in it, just a great interest), or to easy (Lets explain the whole history of …France..in seven minutes 🙄😬)…or told just very simplistic and with absolutley no energy! Of course, there are a couple out there that are good too…but i is absolutley GREAT! 🙂🌟👍🏻 Just awesome and very captivating. I have a new faovorite to listen to! Thanks! 🙂

[@evaschubert1]

@@anlaugschreinerberge4588 thank you for your wonderful comment. This was my goal and I am so happy to hear you benefited from it. 😊

[@nickrr5234]

Very interesting - thanks

[@charlesbarbour2331]

I have so enjoyed this. I wish KZbin had suggested your channel to me before now. Of course I subscribed straight away!

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you for letting me know!

[@dereksamueldani4762]

Lucid and informative.

[@evaschubert1]

@@dereksamueldani4762 thank you!!🙏

[@stevensarens7700]

No media, just talking. Rare to see a KZbinr engagingly fill an hour in that way. And with erudite and sensical content at that. Sounds and feels unscripted, but I doubt it. Either a fenomal memory or an excellent teleprompter. At any rate, excellent job!

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you very much. 😊

[@priscillaroche6610]

Brilliant lecture 😊

[@evaschubert1]

@@priscillaroche6610 thanks for your comment

[@raylocke282]

The selling of indulgences bought your way into heaven.

[@paullewis2413]

Even in those times when most people had little or no education the selling of indulgences by the Roman Church was beginning to be questioned.

[@alhilford2345]

​@@paullewis2413: Hmmmm... Except for the fact that Catholic Church (I presume that that's what you're referring to, since there is no such thing as a 'Roman' Church) has never sold indulgences, and never will. It was Johan Tetzel who came up with an idea for making money, and defied the Church by preying on gullible, ignorant people. Tetzel was condemned by the Church for various actions including embezzlement, fraud and immorality. Anyone who knows the meaning of the word 'indulgence' will realize how ridiculous this situation is.

[@unsteadyheady]

Yorkshire is a county not a town, this is not a slight, I'm really enjoying this, Yorkshire is the county next to mine which is Lancashire. ✌️

[@evaschubert1]

My oversight. Thank you for this correction and comment 😊

[@BillMcIlvain-v6w]

😮😮😮😮😢😢😢​@@evaschubert1

[@danawinsor1380]

I would like to hear any comments you may have on the life and work of Jan Hus. I always thought he played a role similar to that of John Wycliffe in the history preceding the Reformation.

[@evaschubert1]

@@danawinsor1380 He most certainly did! His ideas were often referenced as “heresy” and used as a way of identifying others with unacceptable ideas (e.g Do you agree with the teachings of Jan Hus on this point?). I have not made him the focus for reasons of narrative arc, but he is mentioned a few times in this series.

[@danawinsor1380]

@@evaschubert1 Thank you for your explanation. Actually, not long after I left my comment, I heard one of your references to Jan Hus. Thank you once again for this fabulous series!

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Very well explained

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Thanks Eva do you have any Viking or Celtic heritage?

[@marioforieri8529]

Praise God for the Protestant Reformation

[@sherrimanco8472]

I’m watching John Wycliff documentary called Morningstar On KZbin - Christian movies

[@dougcortes6567]

A Classic!!! But remember, filmmakers take a lot of “artistic license” and don’t necessarily follow actual history. But, yes, I recommend the film. If you’re interested, there are some great films on Beckett, Thomas More (“A Man for All Seasons”), Martin Luther, Knox, Calvin, etc. I much prefer the older movies for their wonderful quality. But, again, a lot of artistic license.

[@davashorb6116]

This was really educational.

[@annepratt8260]

Fabulous presentation, but needed more pictures to solidify the concepts in my mind. Show more pictures.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Thanks John Wycliffe

[@geoffsullivan7902]

Love these series 😊

[@luisf.orellana8297]

Hi Eva! ❤ thank you, what a channel, will you do something on the Spanish black legend? It is a very interesting “other” view of things.

[@manasseskamau5327]

You are a wonderful teacher❤

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you!

[@manasseskamau5327]

@@evaschubert1 I am a pastor in Kenya undertaking theological studies and your channel has become a vital resource.

[@Jane14161]

Excellent series! Very well researched, interesting and wonderful presentation! Please fill me in on how a musician/singer is also a very accomplished historian?

[@evaschubert1]

@@Jane14161 I did history long before I did music 😉

[@rogerevans9666]

great teacher

[@snufkinhollow318]

What I love about your videos is that your presentation technique is both subtle and engaging, so I can watch them just to get a dose of history and relax, but your research and content is excellently researched and intelligent, so I can watch them again and take notes for my own research. Just a quick note on the use of the term 'geese' and their appearances in medieval art, which I have been researching for my own writing (also inspired by my own geese, Balthazar & Blodwen). Other than references to the bird itself, the term 'goose' or 'geese' was used in medieval/Renaissance literature to refer to women who, mostly but not always, were perceived to be of 'questionable virtue' - especially sex workers. In fact, there is a specific term - 'Winchester geese' - which refers to the sex workers of the brothels in Southwark (London), the 'tax' on their income being one of the perqs that lined the holy pockets of the Bishop of Winchester. Many brothels in this area operated under the sign of the bishops mitre. However, 'goose' also referred to a foolish person and generally in medieval art and literature if geese are being chased - whether by a fox, a fox dressed as a priest, or otherwise by a man - they represent women of 'loose morals'. If they are being preached to by any of the above, they generally represent the foolish or gullible congregation and the folly of the established church. And, of course, given the attitude of medieval institutions of church and government towards women, they were often assumed to be both foolish AND of questionable virtue. The Sin of Eve, etc, etc. Thank you so much for your videos. They really inspire me to keep going with my own research and writing. **EDIT** Thought I should just add that the specific species known as the barnacle goose represents something different in medieval/Renaissance art and literature. Because the migratory habits of birds were not fully understood, it was believed that barnacles were the eggs of this species of goose, hence the species' name, and that when they disappeared in the autumn they laid these 'eggs' which hatched into young geese. Therefore, this specific species represents transformation and rebirth and appears in Shakespeare and various other sources in this context.

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you for this delightful comment on birds of a certain feather. It appears that bird jokes in England have a lengthy provenance 😄

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

'We stand forgiven at the Cross', as the words of the hymn goes.

[@riffcrescendo1740]

Fabulous

[@vancesnyder2426]

Thank you.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

We still do need to do God's Will and live according to His Divine Will and Purpose

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

God Bless and thanks from The Republic of Ireland

[@DavidRose-m8s]

Something about the Moravian church experience could be interesting.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

The Grace of God alone saves us.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Those Crusaders were brutal.

[@Pedaldrum]

Interesting video presentation. One minor correction I cannot resist sharing, the Holy Land before the Crusades was ruled by Arab Muslims the Fatimids & Seljuks. The Turks were the ones who gained power during the Christian period of rule & then conquered the Holy Land creating Ottoman rule. But you have nailed the context completely which is important.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Schubert is an Austrian /German name. Are you related to Franz Schubert, the Composer of ' Die Forelle' or The Trout in English?

[@aridgeman]

Surprised that you didn't reference the Waldenses, the poor of Lyon.

[@vrkoven]

I had the same thought. The Waldensians (who are still around! there's a lovely Waldensian church in the belly of the beast in Rome) were in fact quite pertinent to the Reformation in terms of their Bible-based doctrines.

[@gabirican4813]

One interesting detail regarding the traditional Churches - in the Orthodox tradition there isn't actually a concept of Purgatory.

[@evaschubert1]

Yes. There are many fascinating differences between the Orthodox tradition and the Western one.

[@gabirican4813]

@@evaschubert1 Thank you!

[@gabirican4813]

Great series of presentations, BTW!

[@EndingSimple]

It would be interesting if the Cathars had been able to leave behind a Nag Hammadi type cache of documents about their beliefs. We would then be able to tell if the Catholic writers about their beliefs were fully true. That brings up the interesting question of how much the church father's descriptions of Gnostic doctrines matched what Nag Hammad revealed about them. Anyone know the answer to that? Ms. Schubert, you have a viewpoint that allows you to see the political machinations behind the church history. Most accounts of church history that I've read stay focus on the church and do not reveal this background. I've read accounts of Wycliffe and never heard about the Game of Thrones going on round him. England was lucky that it was an island. If it hadn't been for that, Wycliffe would have been quickly and completely snuffed out.

[@CaesarRenasci]

"A moat defensive to house.."

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

The Inquisition was born. Burned at the Stake

[@Pedaldrum]

Interesting video presentation. One minor correction I cannot resist sharing, the Holy Land before the Crusades was ruled by Arab Muslims the Fatimids & Seljuks. The Turks were the ones who gained power during the Christian period of rule & then conquered the Holy Land creating Ottoman rule.

[@GrumpyOldMan9]

Too bad to the sound quality is sub par. Use a lavalier mic next time.

[@davidjames9626]

There are books..

[@johnmcgrath6192]

Excellent. But it needed to be said that the universities were founded by the church and were a branch of the church and hus legally subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and legally obliged to teach what the pope and bishops taught.

[@Historian212]

Eh. Calling pre-Reformation Europe unrecognizable is quite a stretch. Let’s have less hyperbole, please. Also, in discussing the Crusades, it would’ve been helpful to spend at least a minute or two explaining that the Christians had held the Holy Land for centuries before the Muslim Conquest in the 600-700s CE, from the time of the Christianization of the Roman Empire (from the mid-300s CE, mostly). From the Christian POV, they were trying to liberate territory from Arab interlopers.

[@redcapetimetraveler7688]

John of Gaunt seems to have been a precursor for Henry the 8th... aiming at the Church's vast properties, challenging the Pope's authority... Did Henry ever mentionned John's influence on his policies ? 🤔

[@evaschubert1]

Yes, this is a fair observation. I am not aware of HVIII referencing John of Gaunt specifically, but that doesn't mean he didn't know about it.

[@chrisnorton4382]

John of Gaunt's anti-papal influence didn't even extend to his grandchildren. King Henry V was a very orthodox Catholic and burned Lollards and, in Gaunt's illegitimate line, Cardinal Beaufort even headed a Catholic 'crusade' against the Hussites of Bohemia.

[@organicgrowth42]

In maybe about a week, I've become a huge fan and finished two of your series, the one on Isabella and Fernando and the one on the Salem witch trials. The way you turn history into stories is excellent. I have one suggestion and one request. The suggestion has to do with wearing green. Your outfits may not be green enough, but when someone wears green, they run the risk of people doing this... (right click this to open in a new tab) kzbin.info/www/bejne/m6bWq5SGob-fma8. So my suggestion is to avoid wearing green clothing, because... Well, this IS the Internet. The request is if you would consider adding "pause breaks", by which I mean convenient places to pause. I watch your videos in 3 or 4 sittings and find myself looking for a short pause in your speaking to pause the video so I can return to whatever I need to return to. Would you consider creating sort of "chapters" as you segue from bit to bit, maybe even going so far as to throw a few words of text on the screen to indicate this is a good place to pause and what's coming next? The next is really nothing more than a "chapter title". Anyway, not a huge deal, but a humble request.

[@evaschubert1]

Thanks very much for your thoughtful comment. I appreciate it.

[@uncatila]

I prefer the Catholic culture.

[@Kitiwake]

Especially when the fear and loathing in the Catholic church is against sin. While the fear and loathing in protestantism, wish isn't a church by the way, is .... against the Catholic church.

[@CaesarRenasci]

That is your right, of course.

[@americanswan]

There were remnants of the Waldenses still around at the time of Wycliffe. were there not? If so, technically, Roman Catholic wasn't the only church in Western Europe.

[@evaschubert1]

Technically perhaps, but Waldensian communities were so small and often hidden…for good reason. I am speaking in official terms. If we go unofficial then Cathars and other small groups that came and went would all need to be enumerated.

[@raylocke282]

Church and State was the status quo !

[@rumourhats]

44:02 did you really just say "the town of yorkshire?" eee by gum.

[@NeidlichesSchwert]

Condescendingly simplistic.

[@CaesarRenasci]

You mean, you blame the author for not quoting The Catholic Encyclopedia so that we could learn that Cathars had deserved annihilation, killing of all, including women and children?

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

1208 AD/CE The Inquisition.

[@Wisdom1944]

Very difficult to listen to a speaker continuously. Historical images if people or buildings...I.E. foxes and geese 32:54 Monotonous. Good information.

[@CaesarRenasci]

You must be a victim of our system of education. If so, you must feel try overwhel.ed.

[@boudivv]

Luther was a populist. If you don't think so read De libero arbitrio διατριβή sive collatio by Erasmus.

[@Kitiwake]

The church was never wealthy. But when it needed wealth it could rally itself to find it.