The Reformation Episode 2: Martin Luther, the Man Who Split Europe

[@puddinheadsmith3316]

Magnificent! Absolutely magnificient presentation of the details that led to the Protestand Reformation. As a former Southern Baptist now converted to Roman Catholicism, and a history major at university, I have never seen anyone do such a truly brilliant job of explaining the details of how and why the change occured. As a Catholic, I now say, "the best thing that ever happened to the Catholic Church was the Protestant Reformation." That is how corrupt had become the church in Rome. She discusses indulgences, vicarious or substitutionary 'at one ment' based on faith alone that was Luther's mantra, and many other fascinating details of this period of European history. This beautiful lady, with an obviously beautiful and virtuous spirit deserves many thanks from those who benefit from her lecture. Had I had more teachers like her I may have ended up teaching History as opposed to going into health care. Dr. John R. Bomar

[@MarkJohnson-xm6hy]

I study the Protestant Reformation and its outcome because I enjoy history. History explains many reasons why certain things happen. Thank you for presenting- enjoyed it.

[@evaschubert1]

My pleasure. I am so glad it helped explain some things 😊

[@scotthendrix9829]

My PhD is in Renaissance and Reformation history and I enjoyed yout presentation quite a lot. Thanks for your hard work!

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you! I very much appreciate your comment.

[@pwcrabb5766]

Spectacularly excellent presentation. Both its content and its delivery are exempkary. An ornament to KZbin.

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you good Sir. 😁

[@dandilion62]

Best two hours of history I've spent in years!!!! I finally understand the protestant reformation!

[@evaschubert1]

@@dandilion62 mission accomplished then 😄

[@notstayinsdowns]

Yes, it is well presented but here fragmentation is more about people learning the truth and trying to get it right. Others were trying to use the Bible to control people like the Catholics did. This is about the fact there is no man between me and God. Going from one controlling leader to another is not good and Luther was trying to get all away from that.

[@rickaccordion5900]

Brilliant, wellspoken. What a lecture should be.

[@hectorsaucedo5606]

I appreciate this study. So revealing

[@T-41]

Excellent program in every way! You know your stuff, know how to organize it, and present it in an engaging manner. Thanks.

[@WBradJazz]

Really excellent lectures

[@Paul.Morgan]

Thanks for this eagerly anticipated episode. I appreciate your work and I thoroughly enjoy learning from you. The KZbin algorithm must be broken because your videos should be getting millions of views.

[@evaschubert1]

Thanks Paul. I am so glad you are enjoying it 😊

[@bas-tn3um]

just gonna ignore martin luthers comments on the jews and pagans. how he defamed the very words of christ and how he allowed usury a practice condemned by christ himself protestant liar.@@evaschubert1

[@weber8219]

Dear Ms. Schubert, I appreciate this series of your teachings very much, which means so much to me. If only you were the instructor at my university... 😢

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you for letting me know . It makes my day to hear that you find the videos helpful.

[@yoppysoleman9758]

Thank you for sharing a very interesting presentation video 🙏🙏. This is the best video 👍👍👍presentation on the topic of protestant reformation. GB.

[@LouisaWatt]

Thank God for the closing of the canon in the 4th century 😅 the Catholics kept trying to add to the scriptures, similar to the first century Pharisees with their traditions, and the catholic bible is full of apocryphal texts.

[@geoffsullivan7902]

Love these series 😊

[@sethedelman1306]

It is of interest to note that it has been estimated that five percent of the population in Germanic Europe were literate at Martin Luther's time. Pamphlet reading was restricted to a very limited audience. Word of mouth was a much more significant force.

[@qazyman]

Thank you! A wonderful presentation!

[@Loriorealestate]

I like your videos well thought out and interesting. You should add more pictures of the buildings,people and areas in your talk. Moreover you should invite questions speakers with expertise to join in on the conversation. Lastly but as importantly you should tell us about yourself what you do and any degrees or experiences you own. Thanks for the effort. I did subscribe with a thumbs up too. Hopeful it will help you suceed.

[@tomg7972]

I love your videos. Thanks so much!

[@stevebecker2486]

For those interested in a wider not just an anglo-centric view of the beginnings of the Reformation, it is important to learn of Jan Hus of Prague. His death sparked the Hussitte rebellion a very seminal story of the early Pre-reformation era. The writings of Hus had as much impact on Luther's ideas, if not more than Wycliff.

[@evaschubert1]

Definitely Hus was significant. The followers of Hus show up in Episode 5.

[@stevebecker2486]

@@evaschubert1 I look forward to watching. There are two important guidelines for teaching and understanding history. Context and chronology. Students, in the broadest sense, have difficulty in understanding when one or both of those guard rails are removed. Topic construction is easier on the présenter but diabolical for the target audience.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Green is fantastic with you beautiful red hair btw, Eva. Blessings

[@MarcLaroche-yc4zz]

Great to see another episode!!! Thanks. Much appreciated.

[@venaciodsouza5250]

Very nice video interesting good explanation

[@omonmaravilla6900]

Love your channel....hope you feature the counter reformation and how it left an imprint on philippine colonial architecture, as we have incredible yet under appreciated gems.

[@evaschubert1]

This is an excellent suggestion. Thank you! I am currently working through creating 6 episodes for the Reformation, but this subject would be the logical sequel.

[@tamaratyler7786]

So interesting! You explain things so well! Thank you so very much Eva! 💝 📚 👩🏻‍🏫

[@evaschubert1]

My pleasure Tamara. So glad you found it helpful.

[@RichardHuffman]

I've been waiting for this one!!! Thank you!!! *watching now*

[@dougcortes6567]

There were other churches in addition to Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox, such as the non-Chalcedonian or Oriental Orthodox, including the Coptics amd Ethiopians, which split much earlier than the Eastern Orthodox, such as the Greek and Russian Orthodox.

[@wright661]

Thank you

[@TheBonzo323]

What a find these lectures are! Wonderful. Ms Eva, do you have a reference for the John Bromyard quotation?

[@_.Sparky._]

Eva thanks for yet another wonderful insightful, entertaining and fact filled series! ❤. Would love to see one on the Crusades?

[@AbbyKamelhair]

Wow, what a teriffic delivery of this information. Thankyou Thankyou. I want to hear everything you have to say.

[@TheDevice9]

This is really very good and very well presented. I enjoyed it a lot.

[@evaschubert1]

Thank you for letting me know 😊

[@Malvegil357]

The stench of the corruption and hypocrisy reeked to high heaven.

[@LouisaWatt]

It was an offence to God’s nostrils

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Sadly yes

[@kristenheitzmann4550]

I didn’t realize that no Protestant ministers get paid for their positions and no congregants tithe. I’m amazed the mega churches are sustained by manna from Heaven? Back in reformation days it sure was handy that Catholics had built so many beautiful structures that could be and were commandeered and repurposed for Protestant use.

[@evaschubert1]

I certainly do not intend to suggest that Protestants dispensed with the tithe. Many of them simply adopted existing church structures (physical and social) and renamed them. This will be very obvious in Episode 3, coming soon.

[@julielabrecque6416]

@@evaschubert1 Protestants are heretics - do you acknowledge that? You would do well to read the Bible, for God hates rebellion, read what happened to Korah and those who followed. Protestants make Jesus a liar, for He said that He would remain with HIS Church until the end - you also make him an adulterer by Him taking another bride or two or three, now thousands of competing 'churches' no one can agree on doctrine, while the Catholic Church still has the same doctrine.

[@lynnfisher3037]

Mega churches push tithing. You apparently are making it up as you go along

[@NeilmacRory]

Mainline Protestant churches don’t operate without money, but do operate with considerably less corruption. Mega churches excepted, of course.

[@robgau2501]

I was raised Lutheran and I heard this story alot. Lol.

[@evaschubert1]

Unsurprising 😅

[@uncatila]

Tan books exposed Luther who would be run out of any Lutheran church of today

[@lowersaxon]

I think an episode on Jan Hus is missing here. He deserves it, in fact, in his late years Luther confessed „ yes, its Hussite“.

[@randstahl4869]

Is there a colon cleanser product whose brand name Indulgence?

[@mikeoben8826]

You are awesome you should run for president

[@lynnfisher3037]

President of what? OMG

[@rogerevans9666]

Great lecture. While mentioning his antisemitism, I would have mentioned the Peasant Revolt and how Luther did not support the rebels. He said that anarchy is worse than injustice. Okay, but he did not have to encourage the atrocities committed by the nobles.

[@evaschubert1]

I agree that the Peasants Revolt is a very important episode . It merits its own podcast story I think. There was so much information to cover in this one already that I had to make choices for narrative direction.

[@johnhenrick2298]

Although I was familiar with much of what you were saying, you filled in some 'holes.' Great teaching, and I thank you for it. Having been an altar server in the days of the Latin Mass, and the church forbidding us to own or read a bible, I have long been concerned about the 1.3 billion people entrapped in the Catholic church. Despite Luther bringing some spiritual light into the darkness, Satan has managed to keep his church intact.

[@julielabrecque6416]

Tell me where in the Catechism that we are forbidden to read the Bible - until you prove otherwise, I call lie. You will be sick when you die and find out that the Catholic Church is Christ's Church. Nice slander to His bride.

[@JoseGomez-n4k]

You are mistaken. I was raised Protestant and I converted to Catholicism after rejecting Luther. Protestantism isn’t light

[@alhilford2345]

@john....: The Catholic Church has never forbidden anyone to own or read a Bible. You are simply repeating lies that you have been taught. You left the Church because you didn't learn Her doctrines; ignorance.

[@raymondrust9084]

When i visit St Peter's in Rome , it makes me sick me to think it was built on the selling indulgences!

[@mikeoben8826]

You are very impressive 😊

[@redcapetimetraveler7688]

13:30 first time in my life that i heard about " plum position" so i heard "plumard position" and thought "why is she talking about the kamasoutra?" culture choc can catch you anytime 🤣😂😅

[@chessmaster3225]

It was never Luther's intent to cause divisions between believers and the Catholic Church. He only wanted to correct the abuses of the Catholic church and correct the unbiblical doctrines that the church held. He never intended to create a movement that turned out to be the protestant movement.

[@evaschubert1]

This is correct.

[@chessmaster3225]

thanks for the great videos! youre amazing!@@evaschubert1

[@peterpapoutsis496]

​@@YourFavoriteSociologist-pw3cmexactly

[@evaschubert1]

Yes. He did make a list of books he thought should not be in the Bible. There was so much to talk about that I could not cover everything.

[@stevebiology6210]

You may justify Luther's intention all you want, but remember what our Lord Jesus said, no student is greater than his teacher and no servant is greater than his master.. So there something called authority.

[@daverichter7243]

Appreciate and enjoy your teaching of history. Would you refer to the Roman Catholic Church as the Roman Catholic Church and not as Christian? The RC church has never been Christian. Thank you.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

to be honest, not all ordinary Roman Catholic people are or were unbiblical. Former 7/8ths Roman Catholic/1/8th Protestant here.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

What domination my British born Birth Maternal Great-Grandfather belonged to, I honestly don't know. It could have been Plymouth Brethern.

[@JERRYSHONDA]

excellent and objective and lucid church history too has its monsters and saints truly by their fruits you shall know them just tell me who did the barbecuing and who were the barbecued and all becomes too clear for ever and ever

[@uncatila]

Luther made his own translation which included the removal of 7 books from the September canon. 2/3 of the New testament quotes were from that canon. These manuscripts were discovered in The dead sea in 1948.

[@mikeoben8826]

I like you

[@mikeoben8826]

Smart and kinda hot

[@mikeoben8826]

Wish I could. Meet a woman like you

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

1947 actually

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

??

[@herbertvonsauerkrautunterh2513]

To me the cathedral at Speyer is way more interesting, especially the crypt. Aachen as well. Even the old St George's church at Spieka is very interesting.. that's where I'm from. Lol. I'm biased

[@jeangove01]

One issue I have with your presentation is that you represent Luther's doctrine of grace as if it was some sudden personal revelation that came from one Biblical verse, and miss that he comes from an Augustinian tradition which is essentially a grace/predestination doctrine echo chamber (which has other similar theological reverberations throughout Church history, for example Jansenism).

[@uncatila]

Henry 2nd appointed Becket as bishop of Canterbury but Becket took his vocation seriously. Isabella started reforming the Church in Spain and this set up the reformation competition that launched Luther as spokesman for his monastery. It got out of hand as Luther neglected his office and gave up the practice of confession as he sank deeper into sins against the 6th commandments.😊

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

The 6th Commandant has nothing to do with Confession

[@julielabrecque6416]

@@AnnetteMurphyger Luther took vows of celibacy, which he broke, that is a sin, and needs to be confessed to a priest. Read your Bible.

[@wanderingontheway]

I greatly appreciate your videos, and the quality of your presentation. Just a quick observation... You mention a couple of times that Luther used the Latin Bible. This is incorrect. Luther instead emphasized repeatedly the importance of reading the Bible in its original languages, rather than the Latin translation from Greek and Hebrew, in the formation of his views. For example, "I know full well that while it is the Spirit alone who accomplishes everything, I would surely have never flushed a covey if the languages had not helped me and given me a sure and certain knowledge of Scripture. I too could have lived uprightly and preached the truth in seclusion; but then I should have left undisturbed the pope, the sophists, and the whole anti-Christian regime." Martin Luther, “To the Councilmen of All Cities in Germany That They Establish and Maintain Christian Schools" The printing press was critical to Luther having access to the original languages, which became unique in Western Europe after the fall of Constantinople, as well as in spreading his writings. Keep up the good work! (Smart, wise, beautiful, and sings like a bird... So impressive!)

[@steveclark8538]

Such a tragic case - A raging antisemite the last decade or so of his life.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

he became an antisemite in later life sadly.

[@tigran56]

John Ball? Peasants rebellion?

[@beehive9851]

Thank you so much for this! You have done an amazing job and your presentation is excellent!👍❤

[@abrahamphilip6439]

What is more important is that what is inside -- The Bronze image of St Peter, denotes the two Commandments of Love that hang in the two keys of heaven, the Universal, doctrine of the Catholic Church, in consistent with the sacred heart of Jesus-- The two Commandments of Love that burn in his heart, Gnosticism/Protestantism/Judaism rather Talmudism Refuted: This is how one was placed before God Allmighty A Visionary in spirit was instructed by the Holy Spirit to kneel, with both hands straight down at the sides, palms open & facing forward, head lifted up when he sees a Dark & Frightening Cloud above, and from his mouth utters The Lords Prayer, as Jesus taught No any other words Thats all Note, before the presence of the Allmighty God even the hands are not raised Refer to the Posture of the humble Our Lady of Grace,

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

They still charge fees sadly.

[@uncatila]

Luther dispensed with most sacraments and said good works were worse than sin.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Did he really?

[@julielabrecque6416]

@@AnnetteMurphyger Luther was a nasty man - read his booklet "On the Jews and Their Lies"

[@lynnfisher3037]

Another spin. Taken out of context. Good works are not sinful unless you expect them to save you. See Eph. 2:8-9

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Luther did have a valid point though, as good works save nobody.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

​@lynnfishyer3037 true

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Salvation is free thankfully

[@EndingSimple]

A lot of this goes back to what some Protestant groups called "backsliding." I.e., going back to sinning after the initial moral commitment is made. I heard that in the later church, they tried to get around this by delaying baptism until just before getting sick and finally dying. I imagine that probably led to bring in the idea of Last Rites. Tom Holland writes about how the advent of Christianity profoundly changed the morality of Europe. And the advent of indulgences shows this up. The only bright spot about indulgences is that it meant people in Europe had developed a Christian conscience that was leading them to buy these indulgences and that they they cared about their loved ones very deeply. A person who was utterly without a conscience would not have bothered with it. But it is really a shame that the advent of Luther would eventually result in the Thirty Years War and yet another heavily round of Germans being killed. That war eventually led Europe on to secularism. And his transmission of antisemitism into Protestantism would have its final harvest in the Holocaust.

[@JamesMC04]

STM that what resulted from Luther’s actions, should be separated from his intentions. I think it is unfair to blame him - or him alone - for the violence, destruction, and wars that resulted. The Ref was not at all caused by him alone - there were many other contributing factors, which co-incided or overlapped or were parasitical upon his activity. For instance, German discontent with the Papacy long predated Luther; as did the discontents of the German peasants. IMO, what was crucial, was that Luther’s ideas were able to spread quickly, so to command widespread attention. Without the printing press, his ideas could not have spread so easily.

[@evaschubert1]

Of course. Luther was a spark that lit an existing pile of tinder. There were many factors that contributed to the movement that erupted as a result.

[@JamesMC04]

@@evaschubert1 The existence of other factors needs to be emphasised: too many people write as though Luther were - for good or ill - alone responsible for what happened. In the interests of accuracy & understanding, the point needs making.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

correct

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

​@evaschubert1 errupted?

[@scottweaverphotovideo]

Martin Luther King didn't live in the 16th century? What?!! 😮😮

[@evaschubert1]

Martin Luther and Martin Luther King are not the same person. The latter was named after the former.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

?? 😅

[@lynnfisher3037]

Are you 400 years old?

[@uncatila]

The poor were not asked to pay money but rich people were expected and encouraged to help with building St Peters. David was forgiven from his sin but he had to pay a penalty because God is merciful but also just. St Paul wrote that if I life you built with wood and straw it would be burned up and you would suffer loss but be saved in the end. Maccabees preached "prayers for the dead to be lossed from their sins" try to not to suggest that the poor were charged. Except by corrupt pardoner. "Chaucer." Plenty of knights would cut off their private parts. Knights tale and pardoners tale

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

totally incorrect

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

how disgusting and untrue

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

incorrect sadly

[@solelysoul8543]

Study of theology does not take one anywhere near the narrow gate.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

no, but

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

it is not wrong to study Theology, as a true Christian

[@solelysoul8543]

@@AnnetteMurphyger it is perfectly OK for a Christian to study theology because Christianity is based on belief. Belief means to accept without proof. The oriental religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism are all based on SEEKING. It leads to WISDOM, KNOWLEDGE, SELF-REALISATION. A true christian is a slave of the church. Kindly Google Papal bull 1452,1453. The church authorized the colonial powers to CONQUER, CONVERT and ENSLAVE the world.

[@solelysoul8543]

@@AnnetteMurphyger it is perfectly OK for a true christian to study theology because Christianity, abrahamic religions, are based on belief. Belief means to accept without proof. It leads to ignorance, darkness and enslavement. Eastern religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism are based on SEEKING. It leads to WISDOM, KNOWLEDGE, SELF-REALISATION.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Was Dr Martin Luther anti semitic?

[@evaschubert1]

Sadly yes in later life.

[@tluangapachuau4173]

Still today the Catholic cannot change their doctrine, thats why they were still wrong, but the people doesnt know

[@mrridikilis]

1:23:37 The virgin Mary never had sex? I mean, purportedly before Jesus' conception, no. But she DID have other children, didn't she?

[@evaschubert1]

The facts of her life are somewhat beside the point. Whenever Mary is referred to in this tradition, she is called "the Virgin Mary", emphasising this description over others.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

How much did John the Baptist charge Jesus to get bqptised? 10 shekels?

[@alanwilson175]

Just a casual comment about religion in Western Europe circa 1500… aside from Catholicism there was Islam and Judaism. One amazing fact for me was that pagan Scandinavian religion (Odin, Thor, etc) was only recently suppressed in Prussia, with the rise of the Hohenzollern dynasty that would be strongly influenced by Lutheranism. Islam would intrude into Europe in the Iberian peninsula, and also the Balkans. Islam would eventually lay siege to Vienna. Furthermore, the idea that the Bible had all the answers would run into a serious problem in America. The problem there was that nothing in the Bible explains how native Americans were created by God.

[@soulseeker1483]

Luther is misinterpreted on at least point in this presentation. Luther did not follow the principle that if something was not in the Bible it had to go. That was the approach of other reformers. Luther would allow any practice that did not conflict or obscure the gospel which is salvation by grace through faith in Christ alone. Luther had more respect for church tradition than is presented here.

[@DominicMazoch]

St. Peter's should never have been financed the way that it was. Maybe ie should nor have been rebuilt at that time. It seems the Latin Rite if the Catholic Church considers construction as an "8th Sacrament", even to this day One reason Ihave crossed over to the Byzantine Rites of the Roman Communion.

[@uncatila]

There were 7 german translations already.luther cut and pasted, slashed and burned.

[@alhilford2345]

Actually there were already, SIXTEEN German translations of the Bible available when Luther produced his, and THIRTEEN of those were published before Luther was even born!

[@uncatila]

Luther like Henry 8th got progressively worse until he finally hanged himself. Catholics are praying for the Jews who will bring back Christ to us.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

Sorry hanged himself? The Inquisition killed loads of Jews

[@shackledcitizen]

Excellent presentation. Sad that Americans are so bad at pronouncing foreign words. Witten is pronounced "Vitten".

[@OndrejSc]

Burnt as a steak.

[@bktawiah]

Don't trust this presenter. This is not a fair presentation; she is telling the story from Luther's perspective. Why didn't you cover how Luther decided to take out the seven deutrocanonical books? His debater used these books, which were part of the Bible, to defend praying for the dead, in the same debate she mentioned. She thinks Luther is right about celibacy not being in the Bible. How about Jesus and Paul and all the other apostles who never got married? What about what Jesus said in Matthew 19? Why didn't you cover the dark moments of Luther's marriage? Luther was a sick man; he suffered from scrupulosity and his wife felt it! How can you say priest didn't read the Bible, and Luther was reading the books of Romans for the (first) time? Each time you read the Bible, you get new insights; this is why we all have to read the Bible every day, even if you have heard the passages before. Why didn't she cover the birth of secularism, as we know it today, from Luther's protest? How about Luther's support for King Henry, when he wanted to divorce his wife, which gave birth to Anglicanism? No one denies that the Church was in need of reform at that time. But to create a religion out of a protest is just wrong. We all see results of Luther's actions today, from homosexual Christians to thousands of denominations. Just like the printing press fueled protestantism, so will the rise of the internet extinguish it!

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

@@bktawiah celibacy is a choice. It ie not mandatory for any.Preacher and being does not save anyone.

[@AnnetteMurphyger]

@@bktawiah however, St Peter was marriee and Saul later St Paul was not superior to St Peter because he was celibate, surely?

[@stevedoetsch]

History defeats protestantism in this video just as it does in real life: the presenter herself explains that Luther wrote to the Pope about the abuses because he understood that such abuses were not official Catholic teaching, hence proving incorrect the presenters description of how indulgences and purgatory function in the Catholic Church.

[@WilliamNewberry]

Any church that declares they have the only route to salvation is ludicrous,God Almighty is here for everyones salvation no a so called select few ,Rev :20 Raphael in Rome everything has been and always will be seen an heard , God leads his people not a mere man we are all equal repent to Jesus Christ and him only

[@bairfreedom]

If this does anything......it actually gives a HUGE reason why people like Wycliffe, Tyndale, Luther etc came to be. The RCC was a huge corrupt mafia of heathens. It was infested with sin and corruption. Those who ignore the obvious problems of that are not interested in truth. Reformation was needed and deserved.

[@dotjohnson231]

@stevedoetsch I'd be interested to hear you explain the correct view of purgatory and indulgences. Would it be possible to give scriptural references?

[@julielabrecque6416]

@@WilliamNewberry I guess you are calling God ludicrous because HE made the only route to salvation through HIS CHURCH.

[@ilseoellermann2089]

I enjoyed this episode, but I missed the great impact Luthers translation of the bible into German had, also you mentioned it very fleetingly. It was not only very important to the spread of the text but in the history of the German nation.