The Richness of Time

Join a physicist, a neuroscientist, and a linguist as they explore the deep enigmas of time. Time feels like it flows, but does it? Time seems to have a built-in direction, from past to future, but is that real or merely a quality imposed by the human brain? Time on earth elapses at a uniform rate, so why does the human experience of time seem so varied? How do various neurological afflictions change the perception of time? And underneath it all, how does human language impact our ability to think about time and fully experience its rich and mysterious contours?
PARTICIPANTS: Lera Boroditsky, Dean Buonomano
MODERATOR: Brian Greene
MORE INFO ABOUT THE PROGRAM AND
PARTICIPANTS: www.worldsciencefestival.com/...
This program is part of the BIG IDEAS SERIES, made possible with support from the JOHN TEMPLETON FOUNDATION.
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[@ElisDiaz]

What an amazing discussion. I love this format. I wish i had friends that were into these topics. It's a buzzkill to get excited about these discussions and no one to talk to about it and get excited with in real life outside of forums.

[@FloraJoannaK]

Horology is *so* interesting. I get the same issue with niche hobbies too, only with military science and historical seafaring.

[@richardthanmyself290]

@@FloraJoannaK yeaa... historical seafare is all you big dawg

[@claudioavila6522]

Same here, bro

[@judyfrancis4515]

SAME! I can feel the polite tolerance my family and friends have for the things that amaze and delight me...

[@daviddemuth6075]

Elis my friend, those friends are right here too, I'm sure we all would love to debate

[@DrStrangeBrew]

As a type of time traveller looking back. It's great when Brian Greene said "It's four years till 2020 & 13.8 billion years since the Big Bang. Everything is going to be just fine." He has no idea...

[@balmaceda01]

Earth still has no covid19 near extinction event in 12/26/2021 so I think we'll be ok

[@marishkagrayson]

Exactly. The future is in a quantum state of superposition. The past is classical, it’s already decohered and is now subject to thermodynamic decay and dissolution of order into an increasing entropic state:. The only thing that is “real” is the now; when we (a collection of events) interact with our environment in a process called decoherence. Time, and therefore the now, is relative and only real for the events that have the strongest interaction which is communicated at the speed of light. The notion of a bulk universe where the past, present and future are equivalent may only be real for a photon which does not experience time. Its lightcone must seem like a single instant when past, present and future all exist at once: We, as confined energy, do experience local time because we are in respective gravity wells which slow down spacetime and give us a sense of now, which for distant observers could lie in their future or their past. Btw gravity wells are not a technical term but a good visualization. I suspect they are, in fact, force carriers called gravitons( negative pressure) which weakly bind matter/energy. Thermodynamics and thus the arrow of time are governed by the mysterious dark energy which exerts positive pressure and expands the universe.

[@comicus6769]

@@balmaceda01 I'm pretty sure he was thinking of something else that comes along every four years. Its always revealing to discover the smartest guy in the room -- isn't.

[@arminkhodaei4265]

It's so sad to see that about 1/16 of people who watched this video have given it a thumb down!

[@allancouceiro9905]

religious ignorami

[@RightCornerVillain]

That’s called the world my friend. Some people dislike ONLY to go against the grain😂

[@ALLDEMONMANIFESTIONSMATTERXIII]

True, But for 1/16 people to actually dislike the video and what relatively is a dislike NOT FOR WRONG INFORMATION, But for "THERE OWN" Religious Map of the it relatively of time and space... But if the Brain/ human mind is able to make the same data but with a deity and so on actually makes RIGHT DATA for every theory. Like the HOT AND COLD THEORY. Man Adam vs Adam in man 😇😲🤯💥🤯😲🤖

[@garrett6064]

Of course less than 1% of the people who watched it gave it a thumbs up. I believe that cognitive scientists would have a few things to tell ya'll about your bias of thinking that your likes should be liked by everyone else. Or a bias that it was all religious people as opposed to considering trolling as someone else mentioned, or perhaps students who were forced to watch it, or simply people who didn't understand or found it boring.

[@jacobybass7727]

I feel more intelligent for just having listened to three adults who can converse intelligently.

[@mejorimpresion]

Dinosaur es

[@0ptimal]

Amazing how we can plop down on the couch, or put in headphones while working or exercising and listen to something like this. It's stuff like this that is helping to accelerate the evolution of (some) humans in a more intelligent direction. Can't imagine never even becoming curious of these topics, but many do not.

[@JavierBonillaC]

Most people live for Sunday football.

[@precisism1804]

@@JavierBonillaC I live for both

[@phillipwadley6732]

Oh bless them. For they do not know, that at the end of 2020 we have come to understand time no longer as a linear concept, but as a hellish never-ending blur

[@Bonnieham]

If you hadn’t watched TV, computer screens, listened to a radio, and lived isolated in a beautiful rural setting, all this talk of 2020 being a hell of a year had no relevance...but then the country I live in had virtually no COVID-19.

[@reginakatherine7708]

This is one of my all time favorites. Time is so illusive when defining yet measured in a seemingly highly accurate way, labeled as a dimension, and used to measure things spatially. So cool.

[@savage22bolt32]

Time is the most precious thing we got. We can't replace it. We can't make it up. There is no way we can save it. So use it while it's there. Like a running river that you can't get back. So beware of time passing, now more than ever.

[@selfademus]

Wray Collier the fact that none of them can spell _elusive_ might be a clue.

[@alexanderabrashev1366]

yea that woman is gorgeous :3

[@harrybalsagna6883]

"2020 is only 4 years away. We're going to be fine." Oh, my sweet summer child.

[@meetthecassiani]

Guess he didn’t know about trump for president when he said that.

[@URAWESOME94]

😂😂😂

[@cidfacetious3722]

@@meetthecassiani 😂😂😂 ya cuz he's the problem smh

[@SunchaserWorld]

Time travel

[@alexgarneau]

@@meetthecassiani gttttt

[@gokuwisdom]

Loved every bit of it. Brian Greene amazes me with his intellect and how good of a listener he is. Always gets the best out of the guests / panel.

[@lucienberl]

He has this all memorozed so well. If you watch 20 yrs ago he had cards and prompters. Now all thua information is literally part of him and he doesnt need any help hosting the smartest people in the world.

[@Vlasko60]

Yes, I notice how comfortable he is on a stage. He is a performer as well as teacher. I also notice that he still has that youthful curiosity.

[@stylis666]

@@lucienberl He is also one of the smartest people himself, so I guess it was only a matter of time. No pun intended, because I'm not as corny as dr. Greene is, but I guess I can honour him by letting it slide this time :p I do think that it helps a lot when a host actually understands the subject matter and also knows where the difficulties are for all the different people who are listening by having lots of experience with asking questions and listening to people asking questions as a teacher. I think it's too simplified to just say it's good to have a physics teacher on the stage because like students, all teachers are different as well. I think that dr. Greene has a very good mixture of the most important components that make him such a great physicist, teacher and host. 10 years ago I had my doubts and I thought he just liked the limelight a lot and dumbed things down too much after already having made several videos on the same thing and having done several talks, saying the same things over and over and I grew up. I now understand why he does love the limelight to shove his love for physics in. He loves people just as much and he loves nothing better than to see the same enthusiasm for science in others that he has as well and share it with the world. And sure, he's vain and likes the attention and he finds himself very funny, but can you really blame him? He is one of the, if not the best science communicator of our time and I think he knows and is comfortable with the fact that he's such a dad when it comes to jokes and we laugh at least as much at him as we do about his dad jokes :p I'm glad I'm not his kid; I'd be embarrassed as fuck but also very proud and happy to have him as a father.

[@whiteTiki]

Brian Greene BY FAR the best host. I’ve seen a lot of The World Science Festival videos and in my opinion, many times a bad host makes an unpleasant experience. But not with Mr. Greene

[@tonywooten596]

i think he is the founder. Great speaker

[@Danthemanfromny]

The more we recognize our perception of existence the less we comprehend our perception of reality.

[@rip753]

Couldn't agree more

[@lancewedor5306]

He is fully Doctor Greene. He is certainly entitled to the honorific! What an astute mind willing, nay, eager to share what he has come to understand about our natural existence. My immense gratitude to him for his lifework. Wow!

[@anarchywon4170]

Possibly the greatest moderator I've seen. Brian keeps the narrative moving with thought provoking talking points throughout. Great guests, beautiful camera/audio work. Top notch production on all fronts.

[@roanliao3188]

and

[@jamesbarlow6423]

But he's always reaching, changing the subject. It's like he's not all there

[@jamesbarlow6423]

😂

[@firstchannel7727]

It's just an amazing conversation. Just the idea of discussing time travel with neuroscientist, and a linguist, is ahead of time, if time was intelligence.

[@1197540k]

😱

[@jamesbarlow6423]

If you had friends genuinely into this topic they wouldn't waste their time on monological superficiality of this time. He doesn't know what Time is, and clearly has scarcely begun to think about it.

[@alexwilliamns]

Brian Greene is probably my favourite science communicator... Great understanding of a variety of subjects and an incredible curiosity for what he doesn’t yet understand. And a fascination and wonder for it all.

[@aishayusuf9819]

Brain greene's enthusiasm for science is infectious... What an entertaining physicist... What fresh air MashaAllah!

[@ViMi1]

I got so captivated I watched their gestures. And they showed the past with left hand and future with right.

[@MohammadAsadullaShareef]

I read this comment exactly at 53:10

[@chawkdaddy1]

@@MohammadAsadullaShareef L of his

[@chawkdaddy1]

@@MohammadAsadullaShareef and

[@chawkdaddy1]

@@MohammadAsadullaShareef and

[@chawkdaddy1]

@@MohammadAsadullaShareef poll L is

[@warrenkeshishyan398]

I start thinking about time when I approach 60 and only now I understand how precious time is...had a great time

[@Unkl_Bob]

Do you stop thinking about time when you approach any other number ? I wonder if as you leave 60 , assuming your approach has reached perigee , that you ARE HAVING a great time . Seeing "had a great time" made me worry that your time HAD come to an end.

[@timetraveler3733]

😇😇😇

[@motherbrain2000]

Watching this made me realize how many fascinating WSF talks I'm missing out on by cherry-picking the more physics oriented videos. Wonderful stuff!

[@jefffarris3359]

Your right I find myself doing that also.

[@minagica]

Yeah stop doing that, I yet have to find an interesting talk

[@phatrickmoore]

Do check out “Mind Your Language”! It dives into the very thing that we use to discuss all these amazing thoughts. Brian Greene, Naom Chomsky, … it’s a real treat

[@austinirsh1]

When/if we conquer time itself, we'll transcend. If the human race would collectively focus on cracking the code of time relating to our exsistance, we would become, well... God. A never ending, forever learning consciousness of love and light. Its a beautiful thought even if thats all it is.

[@austinirsh1]

@@smilesatwolves Which part?

[@DavoidJohnson]

One thing we can be sure of,. Time is a word. Words are only useful when we are agreed on their meaning. This talk illustrates this perfectly by considering how different minds can hold the concept of time, leaving it's definition unresolved. But there is much to learn about ourselves in the attempt. A fine talk indeed.

[@najibaarakozie7251]

I eerie you

[@djmonkey115]

Lo e M

[@DJSAV2011]

Brian Greene is a gem.

[@creativecore3575]

I had a similar notion on the meaning of time after my friends had told me about their trip when taking psychedelic mushrooms. Then watching Brian Greene have a similar experience after his friends had told him about their trip was very inspiring to hear.

[@lynnnewton5031]

Dude. Tripping will absolutely have you thinking through all this shit without even knowing the science. I've had times where I stg time was going backwards

[@marifalk9804]

My friends told me about their trip taking ‘windowpane’ and seeing music stopped in time 🙃!

[@charusingh2159]

This discussion entirely changed the way I think about time. Feeling deeply obliged to Brian!!

[@garrett6064]

Uhmm.... you know he just gets paid to be there, right?

[@jamesbarlow6423]

If you had friends genuinely into this topic they wouldn't waste their time on monological superficiality of this time. He doesn't know what Time is, and clearly has scarcely begun to think about it.

[@ronaldronald8819]

I was so captivated by the beauty and charm of Lera that the interesting things she talked about just whizzed by.

[@stevennovakovich2525]

She is one classy, smart and beautiful woman.

[@dennisestenson7820]

1:10:05 I love how she felt a new "widget" in her mind as her geospatial reasoning skills became honed by her experience in that place around those people.

[@1112viggo]

its truly amazing, as Dean talked about, how the brain naturally works in milliseconds while interpreting and predicting verbal information. Like in the end When Greene said "lets bring Dean out for a three-way" i had time to both predict and imagine an entirely different scenario in my mind in the millisecond it took him to add the word "conversation" to that sentence.

[@dreamlanddon]

you pervert! ha ha ha ha ha

[@charlesbrowne99]

Know

[@syed3527]

Its a shame that this video doesn't have millions of views 😕

[@adolphdooley3632]

You’re a eternal optimist, and that’s good.

[@christianarmstrong754]

Personally, one of the best WSF discussions I have watched. Truly fascinating!

[@Justinehumanity]

Agreed. This talk permanently changed the way I look at certain things.

[@kalapitrivedi6966]

Only physicist's points of view are considered everywhere..

[@kalapitrivedi6966]

Our mind is highly conditioned to follow the clock time.. The reference point of evaluating everything is faulty.. Actually we live under the influence of illusion that we have plenty of time.. General notion of avaliable time is erroneous

[@Justinehumanity]

Kalapi Trivedi - Prior to this talk I didn’t quite get the ‘reality’ of how concrete and time-bound the thinking of many very intelligent people is. This helped me understand more about why my ideas are often dismissed or laughed at by respectable academics - and why it is so difficult to find a shared language to describe how I personally intuit things. I’m certainly not brilliant, but am one of minority of people who often experiences life non-linearly and tends to frame everything in a very abstract way. It was a huge problem in school and confusing to those around me growing-up. This all prompts me to wonder how many people who intuit time as fundamentally linear and concrete, were in any way affected by this information. My hypothesis is that time perception is a fundamental ingredient in the diversification of human personality; hardwired and perhaps, insurmountable.

[@geoffreyhealey8010]

22222222222²222²q

[@nuranigeria2080]

Time and the phenomenal factors occurring on over with the changes accompanied by Time. These are things mankind can't do anything to stop. Enjoy Brain from Nigeria 🇳🇬

[@mickwillson3239]

My partner knows exactly how much time i spend not picking up my clothes leaving the washing up, not cleaning the yard ,she understands my time in general relativity to her special relativity related to how i relatively procrastinate my desiccated chores.😁

[@allancouceiro9905]

are you on youtube again? go take out the garbage! 🤬

[@meiravperry42]

צל

[@deeb3272]

Brian Greene one of the most prolific minds out there.

[@panayiotisskolokotronis1630]

Entertainer ?

[@rachellindsey6051]

The linguist was absolutely brilliant! I learned so much from her.

[@NorthGermanic]

Oral lessons from her would be great

[@miallo]

I recently started to listen to a podcast called Lingthusiasm where they talk about lots of interesting things about speech. I (as a physicist) can highly recommend it ;)

[@worldfishingfrenchie]

She is more of a psy... tho. Kinda like sayin Noam Chumsky is a linguist, i mean... he is but...

[@reynal_omnicide9217]

@@miallo Whenever a channel disable comments and ratings. Something fishy is going on...

[@daviddean707]

Lots of hand-gesturing from her to make it look good which the men don't, and that's a bigger difference than Navaho language or whatever she's talking about.

[@GabrielLima-gh2we]

Such an incredible discussion between different areas of science, I love it!

[@almab6875]

Thank you so much for every one of these programs, conferences and videos. They light my life with enthusiasm. Thank you

[@eskilchauhan9267]

“Ticking away, the moments that make up a dull day...”

[@michaelexman5474]

the phantom toll booth a great movie

[@trueistruthunlessitsnotori7591]

?

[@williamprobus7386]

Fritter and waste the hours in a offhand way.

[@GrimSleepy]

"Well you run and you run to catch up with the Sun, but it's sinking. Racing around to come up behind you again! Sun is the same in a relative way, but you're older. Shorter of breath, and one day closer to death!"

[@donaldsmith3926]

@@GrimSleepy OK, it's agreed; everybody here is cool, but still doomed, and, except for NZ, the English-language countries are led by corrupt fools.

[@Dr.TJ1]

It’s fascinating that Lera was able to articulate a concept that she doesn’t even know what the phrases she used to describe the concept mean. Being a linguist might have helped there.

[@ljre3397]

EikeeE. I O kn. I I onion inji

[@jamesbarlow6423]

Easy for allpro bullshitters

[@ladeedaa]

Time, consciousness, regrets, dreams, all that stuff is highly interesting! It is also highly controversial and completely irrelevant to everyone else. No one can actually feel these things as you do, no one will ever truly know or understand how it feels, it's all relevant, constantly rewriting our awareness and consciousness through every single thought, muscle movement, environmental impact, regrets, fears, accomplishments, parents. Personal perspective and perception of your life is so deep and thought provoking

[@anthonylamphier5289]

Love Brian Greene!

[@skebess]

This woman sounds so smart. Love her!

[@jeupater1429]

Half of what she said was pseudo-scientific nonsense. There are so many factors that go into how someone might interpret a sentence, the fact that she just blatantly declares it's our interpretation of time is ridiculous. You might work for a company that regularly postpones meetings causing you, through habit, to interpret that phrase as referring to Friday, or vice versa. Having nothing to do with one's interpretation of passing through time. You can't go from just basic evidence of variation to then full explanation of why that occurs without any additional evidence. It's nonsense.

[@VI5H]

@@jeupater1429 Pseudo-science and nonsense? Bold claims , I wonder what your qualifications are and what papers you might have written on the subject. From what I heard she wasn't even making any such claims that you suggest, they were having a conversation and she gave examples of what are the possible interpretations of time in different languages. That being said The notion of when things are happening is a fundamental portion of information that needs to be passed over in any language, so how that information is passed on in your spoken language and what images are constructed in your minds eye when you interpret time passing is also fundamental to your perception of time. The fact that learning a language is one of the first things you do to help you communicate information means the language you learn does in some fundamental way help you construct your ideas about how the universe operates . That doesn't mean those perceptions cannot be changed, you can learn other languages which will open your mind to how this concept works in other cultures.

[@jeupater1429]

@@VI5H my qualifications are more than enough to identity that the sheer magnitude of the experimentation required in order to isolate all other possible explanations for why people interpret ambiguities the way they do so as to conclude that a certain mental state is the definitive explanation is beyond the scope of the current state of understanding in the field of psychology. The fact, however, that you immediately defer to "qualification" just shows the kind of thinker you are. Uncritical and wowed by the bells and whistles of a system accepted without criticism or critique. Qualification is no guarantee of anything, evidence and reason stand for themselves and it's only there that you will find what's real. Blindly adhering to qualifications as you would do is ultimately what causes entire societies to be led astray.

[@VI5H]

@@jeupater1429 Oh I see , it's the "more than enough" qualification ,fair enough. You know, while I agree that qualifications can mean very little in a lot of subjects and isn't necessary for critical thinking, it still has relevance when trying to figure out what sort of analytical abilities a person may or may have when it comes to science related topics. In these times we live in , some tin foil hat wearing people also love calling themselves "critical thinkers", and they love to shit all over the hard work of scientists thinking they know better somehow , so it's important to know what sort of person one is dealing with. Ironically the language you used in your comment gave me the impression that you maybe had , lets say, "alternative" reasons to be so dismissive of this lady, rather than your knowledge of linguistics or neuroscience. Also to clarify, I wasn't wowed by anything here, and I wasn't offended by anything said either like you were but I was motivated to reply to your comment because you seemed to have gotten very set off by something .

[@jeupater1429]

@@VI5H what I'm set off by is that in our society people who are lucky enough to obtain a platform can simply say anything and because they have a platform it ought to be taken as true. It simply is not possible to proclaim you know the reason why an individual has interpreted an ambiguous statement in the way that they have. There are billions of variables. I don't care how many qualifications or how big a platform someone has we ought not to be shepherded in the way so many are. It's a disgrace that simply achieving such a platform disqualifies you from criticism and honestly Brian Greene whom I used to greatly admire has lost a bit of my respect for not more thoroughly questioning her on these statements

[@ikkeheltvanlig]

"The brain is glitchy and full of bugs, and our greatest debugging tool is mathematics" Nice

[@aidanernesto218]

sorry to be offtopic but does anyone know a trick to get back into an instagram account? I stupidly lost the account password. I would appreciate any help you can give me.

[@ridgecamden6273]

@Aidan Ernesto Instablaster ;)

[@aidanernesto218]

@Ridge Camden I really appreciate your reply. I got to the site through google and im in the hacking process atm. Seems to take quite some time so I will reply here later when my account password hopefully is recovered.

[@aidanernesto218]

@Ridge Camden it did the trick and I finally got access to my account again. Im so happy! Thanks so much, you saved my ass !

[@ridgecamden6273]

@Aidan Ernesto Glad I could help :)

[@reneeschwider6136]

@BrianGreene, you are so brilliant. Thank you for taking what Einstein and Hawking did, and help me understand it further in your books! Please continue writing, or showing it on TV :)

[@simonrae3048]

He's great isn't he

[@jamesbarlow6423]

If you had friends genuinely into this topic they wouldn't waste their time on monological superficiality of this time. He doesn't know what Time is, and clearly has scarcely begun to think about it.

[@zendan37]

23.15 If we could revers all the velocities of the pieces of broken wine glass in order to reassemble it, we would still be moving forward in time. We would just be reversing all the destructive changes that had occurred.

[@oposkainaxei]

Thank you so much for this wonderful discussion!

[@acetate909]

@21:45 An example of time travel to a past where grey had not yet caught Brian's hair.

[@beatleme2]

"Remember the past, live in the present and dream of the future" is one mantra. I think that time is mostly subjective and an abstract meta category which helps us put what happens into order.but in reality, 365 days of time is only because we live on earth other planets time would be different and so on, time is relative to us because we age and die in this form of existence

[@JonDoe-se3mi]

“The present issues from the past, and the future from the present. Everything is made one by this continuity. Time is like a circle, where all the points are so linked that one cannot say where it begins or ends, for all points precede and follow one another for ever.” ~ Hermes Trismegistus - Corpus Hermeticum...

[@yvesnyfelerph.d.8297]

Time is the moving image of eternity

[@cbureriu]

you need a vacation

[@carlkligerman1981]

My feeling has always been that what we are experiencing as time is simply one enormous and yet brief moment, that we arbitrarily divide in units of measurement to grasp.

[@ReverendDr.Thomas]

🐟 05. THE PHENOMENAL UNIVERSE: As demonstrated in the previous chapter, there is insufficient evidence for the existence of a separate, objective universe, external to the perceptual faculties of a conscious being. The fact that the phenomenal universe (“prakṛti”, in Sanskrit) of mind and matter (or name and form [“nāmarūpa”, in Sanskrit/Pali]) exists (that is to say, is perceived) solely within the personal consciousness of any individual human or animal, is superlatively logical. If this material world actually existed as a SEPARATE reality, then obviously, it would have limits, because the nature of matter is that it has a measurable, three-dimensional finitude. Despite what some may claim, no perceived object can be infinite or eternal. Therefore, if one were to travel to the edge of the universe, there would need to be something WITHOUT the boundary of the universe (some other “universe”, which contains this universe). This contradicts the very concept of a universe (literally, “turned into one”). Therefore, there cannot be a so-called “multiverse”, for if it were so, the summation of all discrete universes would properly be termed “universe”. Our observable universe would then be merely a “cell” or “bubble” of the totality of material nature. At what location did the universe begin to exist? The late, great Professor Dr. Alan Watts’ response to the question: “where is the universe located?” was: “nowhere and everywhere”. One of the most misunderstood aspects of this space-time universe is just that - TIME. There are various extant theories of time. However, time is a very simple concept to grasp for one who has experienced his own timeless nature. That usually occurs during meditation practices or during awakening experiences (see Chapter 17 to understand spiritual awakening). Possibly the easiest way to understand time is to use the analogy of a movie. It may take a couple hours to watch a motion picture, yet the whole film is contained in the form of a single digital file (or in the case of older mediums, a reel of photographic film). The story of this universe may take hundreds of billions of earth years to complete, but from the perspective of eternity (literally, “no time”) it is not even as long as the blink of an eyelid. Indeed, it cannot be measured at all. To use movie jargon, the story of life is already “in the can” (of film). Read Chapters 08 and 11 to learn about causality and predestination. In practical terms, time is witnessed by phenomenal changes as perceived by the faculty of memory (i.e. time corresponds to change). This material manifestation is composed of space, time (or, to be more accurate, space-time), energy, and matter, the latter of which comprises eight elemental groups - the five GROSS elements (“mahābhūta”, in Sanskrit), which are perceivable by at least one of the five senses, and the three SUBTLE elements (“tanmātra” or “atisūkṣma mātra”, in Sanskrit), which are symptomatic of localized consciousness. N.B. Dark matter and black holes are not included in this system, as cosmological science has yet to determine their structural composition. The five gross material elements and three subtle material elements are (from most palpable to most intangible): SOLIDS (AKA earth - “bhūmiḥ” or “pṛthivī”, in Sanskrit) are made of densely-packed molecules of a steady shape at room temperature. LIQUIDS (AKA water - “jala” or “āpaḥ”, in Sanskrit) are composed of moderately-dense molecules conforming to the shape of its environment or container (and in nature, often including at least some water molecules). GASES (AKA air - “vāyuḥ” or “marut”, in Sanskrit) consist of rarefied molecular particles of no fixed shape. HEAT (AKA fire - “analaḥ” or “tejas”, in Sanskrit) is made of kinetic energy (which may appear visibly as fire, or at least heat waves). ETHER (AKA space - “ākāśa” or “khaṃ”, in Sanskrit) is a vacuum consisting of three-dimensional space (length, breadth, and width). However, recent investigation has confirmed that empty space is actually filled with virtual particles (matter and antimatter). Thus, the explanation for the material universe being created from “nothing” (anti-matter) is plausible, according to quantum field theory. MIND (“manaḥ”, in Sanskrit) is composed of sensual perceptions, instinctual thoughts, abstract images (including memories and fantasies), and emotions. Not all animal species have a mind, but function purely on base nervous reflexes, generated from their specific genetic code. INTELLECT (“buddhiḥ”, in Sanskrit) consists of conceptual thoughts. Only the very higher species of animal life possess an intellectual capacity. PSEUDO-EGO (“ahaṃkāraḥ”, in Sanskrit) is comprised of the “I” thought (specifically, the illusory, ephemeral self-identity). Only humans possess the self-awareness necessary to question their own existence. Read Chapter 10 for a full disquisition of egoity. Each of the FIVE perceptible material elements corresponds to one of the senses of the body. E.g. In outer space, where there is a vacuum (ether), one can detect light with the eyes, yet space is not tactile and cannot be smelled or tasted, nor can sound waves travel via space. At the opposite extreme, solid matter can be seen with the eyes, felt with the sense of touch, tasted with the tongue, smelt with the nose, and heard with the ear (when the solid matter is physically vibrated). Beyond these eight material elements is the TRUE self - which pervades the entire body, and indeed, which encompasses the entirety of existence as the Universal Self (“ayam ātmā brahma”, in Sanskrit). Ultimately speaking, the authentic self/Self (“ātmana/Paramātmana”, in Sanskrit) alone is. The following chapter deals more fully with the concept of Infinite Awareness (“brahman” or “puruṣa”, in Sanskrit). However, all eight elemental groups are, in fact, “made of”, or an APPEARANCE in, Consciousness, since, as demonstrated previously, naught but Consciousness “exists”. Consciousness is the ultimate reality (“prajñāna brahma”, in Sanskrit). Just as a wedding ring is contingent on gold for its very existence, so too does the phenomenal universe depend entirely on Beingness (or “Isness”), Consciousness, and Blissful Quietude. Although The Absolute cannot be verbally-described, (otherwise, “it” would be an OBJECT), as a concession to materialists (who often demand concrete answers from religionists), Infinite Awareness is said to exhibit three innate attributes, known as “sacchidānanda”, a compounded Sanskrit epithet, consisting of the three words “sat”, “cit” and “ānanda” - Eternal Being(ness), Existence, or Truth; Pure Consciousness, or Perfect Knowledge; and Unalloyed Peace (often translated as “bliss”. However, the term “bliss” connotes an ephemeral experience of euphoria, whereas “peace” is a steady-state, absent of any form of temporal perturbation). Because Absolutely Nothing (“brahman” or “puruṣa”, in Sanskrit) is Infinite Creative Potentiality, “it” actualizes as Absolutely Everything. Attributeless Consciousness at Rest (in Sanskrit, “Nirguna Brahman”) manifests as this phenomenal universe (Consciousness in Action, or, in Sanskrit, “Saguna Brahman”). In the verbiage of quantum physics, the enfolded implicate order appears as the unfolded explicate order. In REALITY there is no separation of anything at any time (assuming that Consciousness is a “thing”, and that time is a property of The Uncaused Absolute). That the total sum energy of the universe is zero, implies the non-existence of matter (i.e. no thing is objectively real). Cont...

[@basmangz4967]

This woman is the definition of beauty. The looks the brains etc etc. Her voice and style is like a song to me ears.

[@ronwilsontringue6574]

GET NEW GLASSES

[@carlovincetti4538]

My thoughts as well:)

[@mrjim12miller]

Me like legs too.

[@2smeevents]

So grateful for these WSF talks. All are so interesting

[@TimLeahy2]

I love when Brian Greene hosts these convos

[@GEMOFPHYSICS]

what a fruitful discussion, also I really admire the personality of that lady.

[@N0Xa880iUL]

Agreed

[@deepblue2250]

I love hearing Brian Greene, it reminds me all the great questions we can ask

[@thehuntress333]

It’s so validating to run across discussion that confirm my intuitive understanding of the mind and time. Makes me want to go back to school. What a stimulating conversation. I enjoyed this

[@brokenacoustic]

1:06:32 You put your South West foot in, you put your South West foot out, you put your South West foot in, and you shake it all the Cardinal Directions...

[@GonzoTehGreat]

Since you rotate your foot as you put it in and take it out again, it could also be something like SW in, SE out, in, out, in, out, shake it North to South!

[@robertgoss4842]

Thank you, Dr. Greene. The WSF is always worthwhile, but this iteration is the finest I've seen.

[@Anonymous-rx9lp]

Thanks, now i have to Google "iteration"

[@kr0nz]

I find it odd that anyone would downvote this. it’s science, it’s truth, and yet people still downvote? weird.

[@tasiascribner7145]

Lots of people don’t like or trust science, specifically many creationists

[@ArchYeomans]

I loved how Lera used her knowledge of language to get around Brian's attempt to humiliate her choice of words about the rat reminiscing.

[@N0Xa880iUL]

Also how she corrected him on why language is not a "small thing" for her. Her presence of mind was impeccable. And still didn't feel high strung in any way.

[@luceatlux7087]

it really does feel like 50/50 to me, regarding how much words make up building bounds of reality and how much intuition defines and grows the bounds. The way I grow most through both fields is by empathy. I look at identification in context and ways other very smart people of the past and present understood/understand thinigs and only then I realize how unbelievably ahead of myself they are. It's actually rare that the thoughts I think of are my own anymore. i've deemed other people better at most ways of understanding stuff.

[@australiankicks201]

I feel more intelligent for just having listened to three adults who can converse intelligently.

[@dajuice4200]

Great guest speakers, I really enjoyed the discussion. Thanks Dr. Greene

[@barrel891]

And what pair of legs

[@jameshand8034]

@@barrel891 wxwxwxwwwxxwwxwwwwx2wwwdwc

[@brandibuffkin9740]

@@jameshand8034 what's that mean?

[@stevesherman7437]

QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ QQ Qq Qqqw2344445+qqqq

[@DubzCo]

freedom yes Richard should wear shorts 🩳 more

[@devynescatell4152]

This was absolutely one of my favourite talks/ interviews to date 😳🤯💥

[@polmorgan3533]

How was your date. ... did you have a nice 'time?' [pun intended]

[@rbr1170]

@@polmorgan3533 I'd go so far to say that 'this aged well'...right, I'll see myself out.

[@rippelfamily]

This IS an awesome conversation. Thanks! I am a little surprised no one mentioned time as conceived by religions: cyclical time in Hinduism, Christian God existing at all time at once, e.g., 1000 years is as a day.

[@arostwocents]

@nuff sed Agree. Great reply!

[@mamavswild]

Because religion is fantasy and we are discussing SCIENCE

[@hanspilz8415]

These concepts about time are not SCIENCE . They are philosophical, metaphysical opinions. Mr. Rippel has every right to bring in religion. Anyway, you seem to worship SCIENCE as if it were your God

[@timetraveler3733]

😄😄😄

[@Zmantime]

Where were you when I was a child. iI knew what I have learned from you, my life probably would’ve been different thank you for making things clear about nature and the understanding of me.

[@surangaputha]

🙏❤well said

[@Ralphhy]

The inversion theory of Tenet, Christopher Nolan is always ahead of his time. He also made interstellar, inception, & prestige. The guest is beautiful and so soft spoken with the heavy & profound intellect.

[@RickRamsay411]

It's a computational program that we live in. Keep it simple and understand that. It is our reality.

[@flatearth9140]

WRONG ! TIME EXISTS SO EVERYTHING DOESNT HAPPEN ALL AT ONCE !!

[@no-nk6mj]

Stuck in the matrix with the all seeing eye collapsing the quantum wave function.

[@abyss49]

“Magic is the reversal of causality.” -Terence McKenna

[@garychap8384]

All of physics is time reversible. Thus the reversal of causality is causality. Magic is deception, pure and simple - the self-deception of ignorance, often amplified by the deliberate deception of a third party.

[@abyss49]

@@garychap8384 THANK YOU FOR CLEARING THAT UP GARY.

[@websurfer352]

As I see it, time is merely a degree of freedom that allows change to happen!! Time is not synonymous with change. If you have three Petri dishes and 1 hour of time?? Of each Petri dish contained three kinds of bacteria with varying speeds of replication?? Within the span of 1 hour you would have differing rates of change in each Petri dish?? Of course these rates of doubling are in no way fundamental in nature but it does effectively show the distinction between time and change!!

[@DHT2023]

The passage of time ,in relation to your language structure, and living environment blew my mind :) Love these programs 🤓

[@carlovincetti4538]

Yes, quite interesting for something produced by the system.

[@mrntlng320]

This right guy is really amazing! He can translate the topic so well... He is able to explain it so well.. Bravo!!!

[@garrett6064]

If you are hoping for something to lull you back to sleep, this is not the video for you. Amazing!

[@DoctorWes]

Wow the analogy of time being linked to it's own set of atoms blew my freaking mind!!! 🤯🤯🤯 47:55

[@thiscommentor2858]

I remember the documentary at 21:00 from 2011, they were amazing and got me interested in this topic again! :) Thank you to these teachers who teach us for free! :)

[@jamesbarlow6423]

But the laws of entropy make his cute movie false.

[@ALBINO1D]

​@@jamesbarlow6423 my dude you need to do something else with your TIME. I see many of your comments scattered around here, all with negativity.

[@vallarisharma7391]

Never thought such an overlooked topic could have so much detail...the Hebrew and English comparison amazed me

[@mrntlng320]

31.00: '...or are we different from other members of the animal kingdom? ' One of the first highly intelligent human beings who do understand clearly we are animals, too. So much 'scientists' and 'highly intelligent people' are denying that in the way they talk. I love ❤️ this channel! I discovered it one week ago and I am addicted to it from that moment. Thank you...

[@TheOnlyAndreySotnikov]

"Let's bring Dean back up for the final three-way"... Yep, language is a fascinating topic.

[@dummy2k]

brian greene! my favourite presenter!

[@yvesnyfelerph.d.8297]

The dude definitely knows his stuff and is a great communicator. Very sophisticated

[@Divineearthangel777]

Greene is my absolute favorite physicist 😎

[@Icon-oclast]

As a surveyor I can really appreciate the constant awareness of cardinal directions. I can definitely see how that can make sense.

[@jams4594]

Y

[@chrissiriska8086]

been looking forward to watching this. Should be pretty good. Thanks WSF. i love your videos.

[@tellmemoreplease9231]

Was that pun intended? "looking forward" instead of waiting to watching this?

[@chrissiriska8086]

@@tellmemoreplease9231 Not intended just a happy coincidence 🤣

[@northyland1157]

"When your human time is everything" - JIM

[@caseyrayharris.esquire489]

Yeah but when you're not time is.. Relative. Lol

[@gerardothielen4310]

The best explanation I’ve heard about the relativity of time. Thank you.

[@jamesbarlow6423]

If you had friends genuinely into this topic they wouldn't waste their time on monological superficiality of this time. He doesn't know what Time is, and clearly has scarcely begun to think about it.

[@zerowaste8643]

Brilliant Brian! Thank you!

[@ricardoalcantaracampos4811]

ive seen 80% of these talks, this one is my favorite, my god how intersting,

[@perrynnlynch3811]

Great comment.

[@libradragon]

I completely agree that this is my favorite of those I have seen. It is a great presentation about a subject that everyone becomes *a thinker* - when musing about; time.

[@markdemell3717]

Over analysis paralysis!

[@marcsalzman8082]

@@markdemell3717 Not in this case, I don't believe.

[@marcsalzman8082]

Apparently not interesting enough to spell interesting correctly. LoL.

[@VA7SL]

Time well spent

[@Abraxis86]

1:26:30 January 2020: "I gotta tell you I think everything's going to be just fine" March 2020: "Hold my beer"

[@johngrivas9357]

I have to say, I glean a lot of inspiration and excitement about science from Brian's insightful questions and ponderment about the way things are. Thank you Brian for such great forums and your inner excitement, its too bad we can't have this level of conscious thought and discussions when it comes to politics. And I totally agree with Elis's last post about talking to people face to face about these topics, because its these kinds of discussions that make life truly enlightening and meaningful.

[@markclark4986]

"Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana."

[@garychap8384]

As a, so called. _"fruit fly"_ myself I find your blatant stereotyping both deeply offending and ignorant. Firstly, the proper term is Drosophila melanogaster. Only others of our own species get to call each other _"fruit flies"_ . And, of course, "vinegar fly" should only ever be used among close friends. How would you like it if I called you a burger ape.

[@abyss49]

Peen flies like a bat wing.

[@davidhand9721]

I've been telling this joke for 20 years.

[@garychap8384]

@@davidhand9721 Wow, that must be one hell of a stutter you have : )

[@davidhand9721]

@@garychap8384 kek. That's a good one, too.

[@KP_Oz]

I just worked out that I need to go back to study or work in a scientific institution to meet smarter human beings. How cool are these discussions!❤️

[@jennybrooks5887]

10/10 absolutely the coolest conversations 😻😎

[@KP_Oz]

@@jennybrooks5887 and are you a cool intellectual too?😀

[@JohnnyNiteTrain]

I know right. In daily regular life, I don’t seem to know or meet people that are into this stuff like I am.

[@darcygamble555]

No you don't cause your smarter than all of them because you are you and your only down fall is saying there are smarter humans than u,just a thought.

[@aurelienyonrac]

Not smarter. Just different interest. I m saying that so you stay with a mind of a student.

[@davidsteece4283]

Every time I thought my mind couldn't be blown anymore Lera proved me wrong

[@marthadoody]

I am blessed to have the most wonderful, closest friend that I have daily conversations about things like this and all the topics that I've watched in this series. Absolutely exhilarating!! ❤️

[@micahmiller234]

Plant a seed now, with care in the evolving moment, it will give food in the future.

[@FenceThis]

that applies no matter when you plant it, so why now ?

[@mattiescreations]

@@FenceThis why ask why the pretext is needed for the conclusion to be apprehended in a timely manner

[@lezel4swarts]

@@mattiescreations 😅

[@pramodghimire2847]

Fascinating talk...I enjoyed a lot...one of the best talk ever I have watched

[@LostArchivist]

Time is the painting of the soul over the canvas we call life.

[@Rudra108]

ASPESSOAS FIZEREM GENERALIZAÇÕES DE Aquiimaginando VC DE DE A MINHA AVÓ DELA PRA ELA CONTINUA ASSIM QUE NÃO SEI lá em baixo a minha analogia a minha avó falou Pra ELE TÁ CERTO e Não VAI FICAR Aqui imaginando vc vai fazer falt o dia

[@Rudra108]

A

[@vf7vico]

"Was this with your friends?" hilarious!

[@Constantinesis]

Yeah i haven`t laughed that much in a long time and when you think this comes from a scientific discussion its really amazing and beautifull in the same time!

[@vf7vico]

@@Constantinesis -- totally agree! I found this discussion so rich, and the humor between Brian and both of his guests adds much to the richness.

[@dougg1075]

Constantine brother, you need to get out more:)

[@kylorenkardashian5518]

timestamp?

[@bledback2life]

@@kylorenkardashian5518 45:34

[@wrongplacerighttime]

This was absolutely remarkable. Time well spent.

[@alien247]

Hey im you from future.

[@nathanbarnes0525]

Time is the only existential dynamic that appreciates all depreciating simultaneously . The more of it you lose the more valuable it becomes

[@IceBox666theone666]

Just wanted to say....this comment section is also a breeze of fresh air........ intelligent comments.....no hate, no BS, no swearing...just shows the kind of people these videos attract. Also, great video with excellent guests.

[@f.p.1131]

I also have such friends, Brian! they have an interesting way of thinking! loved all of you, great guest speakers, THANK you Brian!

[@samwillard5688]

Perhaps that is our greatest triumph of human kind. The past is accessible by language, writing, and indeed, this video.

[@shokthemonkey]

Even though we don’t know what time is, watching this here was definitely not a waste of time for me.

[@viviyumslemon]

And this is why the clock in your car always eventually ends up a little bit off 😂

[@backyardoz4196]

Coz I drive 1000kmh

[@MammalMan]

32:23 he says that we are different from animals in a way when we conceptualize time, which is when we make future in our head, planting a seed and eat the food it gives us in future, dont animals do the same thing while hunting as to when they bait their prey? Aren't they making their future in their head as well, like us?

[@justice576]

Yes, and yet another example is squirrels burying nuts for storage. My cat does this same thing with treats. She will try to bury the treats with her paws before leaving it for later.

[@Choronzon39]

Humans bind time in that we can contemplate the past as well. Animals operate on instinct or genetic memory.

[@mitselek]

@@Choronzon39 Humans bind time in that we can contemplate the past. Other animals do the same.

[@grudge8899]

@Breadstick Shrimpfry how can you say that the squirrel can't see the future picture. Maybe they can

[@snoopy_J]

@Breadstick Shrimpfry Could you name them or a searchword to find ? I just saw the part where they make fun of rats and was taken aback. Surely this is not how we think of rats and dogs in 2020 anymore?