The Shortest Ever Papers - Numberphile

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Tony Padilla discusses some of the shortest math papers to be published. From Conway to Nash.
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Пікірлер: 1 300
@RexGalilae
@RexGalilae 7 жыл бұрын
the first one is purely savage. one simply doesn't get to fire shots at the king of mathematics like this guy did
@robiniekiller45
@robiniekiller45 7 жыл бұрын
Rex Galilae yeah
@MsKritiChauhan
@MsKritiChauhan 7 жыл бұрын
look up leonard euler. euler = king of maths. the first short paper disproved "euler's conjecture" by stating a counterexample, thus firing a shot at the "king of maths" (awesome comment, as evidenced by 180 likes in around 2 hrs :))
@TomParis51
@TomParis51 7 жыл бұрын
I think I can explain the metaphors he used: king of mathermatics: Euler to fire shots at: disproving him (or at least one of his conjectures) OP is certainly correct in saying that there arent many people who have achieved this in their life
@MasterJack2
@MasterJack2 7 жыл бұрын
I do not mean to offend you and if I am doing it anyway I am sorry, but you asked *what?* implying you didnt get it, he just wanted to make it clear for you since every evidence up there seemed to mean you didnt get it.
@uuu12343
@uuu12343 7 жыл бұрын
A. L. You should have used "Wut" LOL
@MrCheeze
@MrCheeze 7 жыл бұрын
Not a fan of the second paper, they were clearly going out of their way to snipe the record for least words, even going so far as to sacrifice clarity and sensible formatting for that goal. The first paper you showed is far more elegant: it provides all the information anyone could reasonably ask for, and still only takes two sentences to do it.
@completeandunabridged.4606
@completeandunabridged.4606 7 жыл бұрын
MrCheeze At least it was a trickshot.
@5JSX5
@5JSX5 7 жыл бұрын
maybe they just did it for the hidden toucan pun (n+2 can)
@brian554xx
@brian554xx 7 жыл бұрын
5JSX5 I believe that would be ntoucan.
@theparkourhobo
@theparkourhobo 7 жыл бұрын
+Sen Zen Actually, Conway strikes me as a pretty playful guy. Trying to break the record for shortest paper just for fun seems like something he would do.
@alarageref2481
@alarageref2481 7 жыл бұрын
Also seems up his alley to publish a paper that doesn't achieve its main goal yet also be insightful
@WakenerOne
@WakenerOne 7 жыл бұрын
Not mathematical, but when it comes to brevity in communication, the prize goes to Victor Hugo. Hugo went on vacation as Les Miserables was being published. Wanting to know how sales of the book were going, he wrote a letter to his publisher which read simply, "?" The publisher sent a response to the author which read "!"
@kevinwells9751
@kevinwells9751 6 жыл бұрын
Which was the one and only time Victor Hugo achieved brevity
@greenjelly01
@greenjelly01 6 жыл бұрын
Pity they didn't have emoticons back then.
@hoyohoyo922
@hoyohoyo922 5 жыл бұрын
He was just tired of writing at that point
@Hjtrne
@Hjtrne 5 жыл бұрын
That's not really brevity. It's just the only question he would ever have asked in that circumstance. Imagine sending a '?' to a random person, and getting a reply of 'what book, I'm not even a publisher'. That what would make sense, if the '?' was actually conveying information succinctly.
@jetison333
@jetison333 5 жыл бұрын
@@Hjtrne a large part of conveying information succinctly is know the context, and thus what you could leave out. This just happnes to be a case that you can leave out the whole question and still communicate successfully.
@miriamrosemary9110
@miriamrosemary9110 7 жыл бұрын
(5:11) "The unsuccessful self-treatment of a case of writer's block" - I laughed so hard. Just brilliant.
@antoniolewis1016
@antoniolewis1016 7 жыл бұрын
+
@AxtheDragon
@AxtheDragon 7 жыл бұрын
Someone showed me that paper while I was writing my masters thesis... I was very tempted to squeeze it in as a citation somewhere :-)
@aykut04
@aykut04 7 жыл бұрын
I thought the same thing lol. I have a paper i'm working on right now, i think i could squeeze it in somewhere. Challenge Accepted!
@Halogrunt1234
@Halogrunt1234 7 жыл бұрын
if you look at the article on pubmed, there are tons of medical articles that do!
@starcubey
@starcubey 7 жыл бұрын
It is nice to know that you laughed and that you can quote a video with a time stamp, but why does this comment have 464 likes?
@adityakhanna113
@adityakhanna113 7 жыл бұрын
It's like mathematicians spitting one liners and then dropping the mic.
@ravengaming4604
@ravengaming4604 7 жыл бұрын
this is one beautiful comment
@MrHSX
@MrHSX 7 жыл бұрын
+
@isabellabornberg2153
@isabellabornberg2153 7 жыл бұрын
Aditya Khanna +
@floridmonkey2723
@floridmonkey2723 7 жыл бұрын
+
@englishmuon1931
@englishmuon1931 7 жыл бұрын
Reminds me of Dr Caulfield lecturing DEs at cambs. He'd often finish the lecture by hitting his pen on the lectern, saying "drops the mic" and then walks out lol
@PetraKann
@PetraKann 7 жыл бұрын
TIL that "The Effects of Peanut Butter on the Rotation of the Earth", a study co-authored by hundreds of physicists, is only one sentence long: "So far as we can determine, peanut butter has no effect on the rotation of the earth."
@adamspaans8787
@adamspaans8787 7 жыл бұрын
Even better; does a decreasing number or pirates cause global warming? Abstract: The evidence says yes But this is a classic example or causation and correlation
@starcubey
@starcubey 7 жыл бұрын
Dang, and here I was thinking that the added mass would change the effect of gravity on the earth or something and that the conclusion was that if we gathered all of the peanut butter in the world in one spot, we could prolong the inevitable heat death of the earth by a few seconds somehow.
@gregthestoner6401
@gregthestoner6401 6 жыл бұрын
Wtf lol
@gkky-xx4mc
@gkky-xx4mc 5 жыл бұрын
@@adamspaans8787 Ah, I see you are an enlightened subject of His Holy Noodliness, too. R'amen
@EebstertheGreat
@EebstertheGreat 5 жыл бұрын
That's not a real paper, it's an article in the magazine "Annals of Improbable Research."
@pitthepig
@pitthepig 7 жыл бұрын
I liked the blank "comprehensive overview of chemical-free consumer products". Some people should have to "read" it XD
@amperzand9162
@amperzand9162 7 жыл бұрын
I mean, if you count software it arguably shouldn't be blank. :V
@MagicGonads
@MagicGonads 7 жыл бұрын
Software uses ionic compounds and metallically bonded (soldered) materials which are chemicals.
@starcubey
@starcubey 7 жыл бұрын
But I thought organic foods don't have chemicals! ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
@MagicGonads
@MagicGonads 7 жыл бұрын
Also the silica and plastics used in the supportive structures are chemicals. And if you're talking about pure software, not even as stored data, then it will still have a chemical effect on your brain.
@qwerty687687
@qwerty687687 6 жыл бұрын
Software isn't a consumer product, though. When you use software, you don't consume it.
@PhilBagels
@PhilBagels 7 жыл бұрын
Someone should publish one of these shortest papers in haiku format.
@JohnnyDoeDoeDoe
@JohnnyDoeDoeDoe 7 жыл бұрын
PhilBagels Your comment is not appreciated nearly enough my dear friend
@otto9141
@otto9141 7 жыл бұрын
enough my _dear_ friend* FTFY
@otto9141
@otto9141 7 жыл бұрын
Tanmay Nandanikar You also were wrong in the middle line, because it was way too long.
@Summy_99
@Summy_99 7 жыл бұрын
+otto hammar a-ppre-ci-at-ed near-ly count them. There are 7. You're correct about the last line though
@Summy_99
@Summy_99 7 жыл бұрын
Ohhhh I feel like an idiot now. For some reason only your reply and the first one were showing up in the youtube app so I thought you were responding to the first one
@imeredithc
@imeredithc 7 жыл бұрын
Another very short paper with a lot of impact per word is the paper that Watson and Crick wrote describing the structure of DNA--only 2 pages!
@VeteranVandal
@VeteranVandal 7 жыл бұрын
Yep. And it is kinda interesting (and easy) to read. Recommend to anyone checking it.
@prolleytroblems
@prolleytroblems 7 жыл бұрын
This was the first one that came to mind!
@VeteranVandal
@VeteranVandal 7 жыл бұрын
Aditya Khanna If by "stealing" you mean "acknowledging their sources in the second paragraph and by concluding it is a helix based on the Bessel function pattern that the diffraction pattern suggests, and by drawing the physical consideration that the bases are inside instead of outside", then sure they "stole".
@acockbur
@acockbur 7 жыл бұрын
Their last sentence probably has had the greatest impact of any in science: "It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material."
@denisdaly1708
@denisdaly1708 7 жыл бұрын
Meredith Lee You know. It probably has greater impact. Well done.
@onlyjohnrulz
@onlyjohnrulz 7 жыл бұрын
I think Riemann's paper "On the Number of Primes Less Than a Given Magnitude" deserves a mention. At 9 or 10 pages, it essentially founded analytic number theory, and states a hypothesis that remains one of the greatest unsolved problem in mathematics
@DodderingOldMan
@DodderingOldMan 7 жыл бұрын
I read a bit of John Nash's thesis. I didn't understand a word of it, but I did find a typo. I felt smart. No, wait, I mean... pathetic.
@0xCAFEF00D
@0xCAFEF00D 7 жыл бұрын
David Mitchell avatar. Perfect.
@GideonGleeful95
@GideonGleeful95 7 жыл бұрын
Now I'm just imagining David Mitchell saying it. It actually fits pretty well.
@covalencedust2603
@covalencedust2603 7 жыл бұрын
You could have told him... in 2015.
@christianfarina3056
@christianfarina3056 7 жыл бұрын
lol.
@PianoKwanMan
@PianoKwanMan 7 жыл бұрын
You have 42 thumbs up
@spiffo5349
@spiffo5349 7 жыл бұрын
well the "The unsuccessful self-treatment of a case of 'writers block'" one has infinite impact per word, or perhaps an undefined impact
@midas8877
@midas8877 5 жыл бұрын
Infinity isn't defined
@thomas.thomas
@thomas.thomas 4 жыл бұрын
or zero impact
@spiffo5349
@spiffo5349 4 жыл бұрын
@@midas8877 correction: it is not well-defined
@xenotronia6681
@xenotronia6681 3 жыл бұрын
@@midas8877 it is but okay
@colinmcgrail7109
@colinmcgrail7109 7 жыл бұрын
>Poissonian Something seems fishy about that
@cptn_n3m012
@cptn_n3m012 5 жыл бұрын
In french poisson means fish
@matty7834
@matty7834 5 жыл бұрын
@@cptn_n3m012 (that's the joke)
@jakimoretti7771
@jakimoretti7771 5 жыл бұрын
@@cptn_n3m012 he should've made a joke about it, right?
@hfyaer
@hfyaer 5 жыл бұрын
I'm french so I got it but I don't understand why the french word for fish seems to be common knowledge here...
@nablahnjr.6728
@nablahnjr.6728 4 жыл бұрын
alright Colin
@xenialafleur
@xenialafleur 7 жыл бұрын
There is a short story by Edward Wellen titled If Eve had failed to conceive. It's zero words long.
@14112ido
@14112ido 7 жыл бұрын
Xenia Lafleur damn... it's pure genius.
@amisfitpuivk
@amisfitpuivk 7 жыл бұрын
There's another one called If Eve Really Did Conceive: Endless incest.
@jensen333
@jensen333 7 жыл бұрын
+Hi genius!
@ronfish8375
@ronfish8375 5 жыл бұрын
I should compile a condensed version of Christian scripture including only parts that were true. It also, would be zero words.
@avelkm
@avelkm 4 жыл бұрын
@@amisfitpuivk given 5-10% of Neanderthal DNA, not always an incest.
@pluvius9265
@pluvius9265 7 жыл бұрын
While it's great to see my fellow West Virginian get recognized for having great short papers, as someone with a biology degree I have to give the impact-to-words-ratio award to Watson's and Crick's "A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid," arguably the most important paper in the history of the life sciences. It fits on a single double-column page, and toward the end it contains this cute quote written as if the researchers had no idea of the enormity of what they'd discovered: "It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material."
@seanflood7151
@seanflood7151 7 жыл бұрын
The urban myth is probably referring to George Dantzig, a statitician who solved previously unanswered problems that he had mistaken for homework.
@antanis
@antanis 4 жыл бұрын
Isn't this the basis for goodwill hunting? And related to graph theory?
@beeble2003
@beeble2003 4 жыл бұрын
But that's not an urban myth: it actually happened.
@georgelionon9050
@georgelionon9050 3 жыл бұрын
@@beeble2003 Yes and no. The story is true, but the PhD thesis was 57 pages long. So it's a 1 pager is the myth part.
@bimbogiallo
@bimbogiallo Жыл бұрын
@@georgelionon9050 The story is also true in the sense that Danzig's supervisor told him not to worry about his PhD thesis as he could have just put the two papers in a binder and he'd have accepted it
@NoriMori1992
@NoriMori1992 5 ай бұрын
@@bimbogiallo "A year later, when I began to worry about a thesis topic, Neyman just shrugged and told me to wrap the two problems in a binder and he would accept them as my thesis."
@mrmimeisfunny
@mrmimeisfunny 7 жыл бұрын
1:28 that is the mathematician equivalent of clickbait
@matthewstuckenbruck5834
@matthewstuckenbruck5834 5 жыл бұрын
I actually heard Alexander Soifer speak and it definitely makes sense that he would write a clickbait paper
@mah38900
@mah38900 4 жыл бұрын
I had a professor who's Ph.D thesis was far shorter than normal. Only 19 or 20 pages. He was worried that his committee wouldn't let him pass his defense because of the unusual length. But they did. Paul Erdos was actually one of the people on the committee, too.
@LARAUJO_0
@LARAUJO_0 4 жыл бұрын
Having tons of information just to meet certain writing criteria is a hugely annoying problem I have with modern sciences, so seeing these was a breath of fresh air.
@Spiderlanky
@Spiderlanky 7 жыл бұрын
The writers block one got me so deep in the feels that was amazing
@ajinkyatarodekar9099
@ajinkyatarodekar9099 3 жыл бұрын
Ikr I cried and shaked when I read that.
@matthewmcclure8799
@matthewmcclure8799 5 жыл бұрын
two short important papers: E. W. Dijkstra, 'A note on two problems in connexion with graphs', Num. Math. (computer science: canonical shortest path algorithm) E. Gettier, 'Is true justified belief knowledge?', Analysis (philosophy: refutation of the classical model of knowledge since Plato) both are about two-and-a-half pages
@magnusdagbro8226
@magnusdagbro8226 7 жыл бұрын
In control theory, there's a paper titled "Guaranteed Margins for LQG Regulators" by John C. Doyle. Abstract "-There are none."
@Dan1elAndrade
@Dan1elAndrade 7 жыл бұрын
Proof that 1+1=2 First: Sum is defined as moving on the number line b units from a when a+b. Second: Define the first integers (0, 1, 2, 3, 4... ) By this definition to add a 1 means to move on the number line from a to the next number. By the second definition 2 is the next number after 1. 1+1=2 true QED
@Dan1elAndrade
@Dan1elAndrade 7 жыл бұрын
It kinda is, but is true. Other way of saying it is: 1+1 is defined as being equal to 2 And from then on we can create maths. And it is actually true, because that's the reason we know 1+1=2 because it's defined as such.
@ganjanaut6038
@ganjanaut6038 7 жыл бұрын
What's the point of mentioning QED when we know 1 is less already (true)
@Dan1elAndrade
@Dan1elAndrade 7 жыл бұрын
Because I wanted to give it a shoot at my short proof :D
@ganjanaut6038
@ganjanaut6038 7 жыл бұрын
+Ganjanaut that might come off as an anti particle
@ganjanaut6038
@ganjanaut6038 7 жыл бұрын
Grounds control for direction of the pilot
@Soliloquy084
@Soliloquy084 7 жыл бұрын
I'll just say that a picture is worth a thousand words.
@TheEvilVargon
@TheEvilVargon 7 жыл бұрын
Does that then make it a long paper?
@Soliloquy084
@Soliloquy084 7 жыл бұрын
Based on the papers I've read, and with two figures giving it 2000 words, it's still on the short side, just maybe not as impressively short.
@featheredice
@featheredice 7 жыл бұрын
If £1 is worth a loaf of bread then does that mean I can make toast out of a £1 coin?
@TheEvilVargon
@TheEvilVargon 7 жыл бұрын
featheredice Now we are asking the real questions
@victorotene
@victorotene 7 жыл бұрын
Probably not.
@memertarian2434
@memertarian2434 4 жыл бұрын
"Alright class, so for this essay there's no word requirement, just give a complete answer"
@daiduongdaviddinh140
@daiduongdaviddinh140 4 жыл бұрын
Is 1+1=2? Abstract. Sometimes. References E. Galois, A. Grohendieck, S. Ramanujan
@MikeRosoftJH
@MikeRosoftJH 4 жыл бұрын
The two expressions are equal, but you have messed up the reference. The correct reference is: Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell, Principia Mathematica, volume 2, page 86. ("The above proposition is occasionally useful.")
@duncanw9901
@duncanw9901 4 жыл бұрын
@@MikeRosoftJH 1+1=0 in Z/2Z
@escapeadil
@escapeadil 4 жыл бұрын
@@MikeRosoftJH I found Principia Mathematica vol. 2 but couldn't see 1+1=2. What might I be doing wrong?! Is it definitely on page 86? EDIT - never mind, I see it now. Just looks confusing!
@jakobunfried2669
@jakobunfried2669 4 жыл бұрын
@@duncanw9901 so the correct answer is "depends on the 1 and 2" =)
@AviMehra
@AviMehra 4 жыл бұрын
@@duncanw9901 but then 0=2. The reason it is always true is that 2 is defined as 1+1
@paulpeters5546
@paulpeters5546 7 жыл бұрын
Another short paper is the Abridged Table of Even Primes
@bi1iruben
@bi1iruben 7 жыл бұрын
Forget about the "Abridged" version, the full paper "Table of Even Primes" is shorter.
@ModKijko
@ModKijko 7 жыл бұрын
The abridged version doesn't include '2' but the the full table obviously does.
@msolec2000
@msolec2000 7 жыл бұрын
But the 2 is still shorter than the word "abridged".
@michaelbauers8800
@michaelbauers8800 7 жыл бұрын
I still feel uncomfortable that 2 is not a prime. But there's reasons... :)
@ianwalker6546
@ianwalker6546 7 жыл бұрын
Since when is 2 not a prime? Pretty certain it is! You might be thinking of 1, which is nowadays excluded from the primes by virtue of the fact that many, many theorems would have to be re-stated with 1 as a special case, including the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic. 2 isn't a Gaussian prime though, but neither are 5, 13, 17... etc.
@SuperPeacebreaker
@SuperPeacebreaker 7 жыл бұрын
get rekt Euler lol xD
@Ostebrix
@Ostebrix 7 жыл бұрын
too bad Euler wasnt alive anymore in 1966 xD he woulda been like "dang it I'm not perfect"
@oz_jones
@oz_jones 7 жыл бұрын
"Dang, u got me there bro" - Euler, probably.
@martinshoosterman
@martinshoosterman 5 жыл бұрын
@@Ostebrix realistically, if euler had still been alive im 1966 (assuming his mental faculties never deteriorated) First of all, hed have disproven himself a long time ago, second of all, hed probably have proven everything else.
@Ostebrix
@Ostebrix 5 жыл бұрын
you see... when you respond to someone 2 years late you will very likely get this response: lol I don't remember watching this video or commenting that soooo whatever man
@NothingMaster
@NothingMaster 4 жыл бұрын
Tony Padilla is incredibly interesting to listen to; it’s his enthusiasm about math that’s captivating and inspiring.
@DrKaii
@DrKaii Жыл бұрын
I saw this exact comment on another one of his vids. Was that u?
@power-max
@power-max 7 жыл бұрын
Thanks, this inspired me to put this much effort into a PhD!!! :D
@knuthalvorsen1196
@knuthalvorsen1196 7 жыл бұрын
Task: Write about laziness. Answer: This is laziness. He got an A. This is lore from my country.
@marmelade5118
@marmelade5118 3 жыл бұрын
Here we tell it with "What is risk?" "This is risk."
@Unelith
@Unelith 3 жыл бұрын
Task: Name 5 of your biggest flaws Answer: 1. Laziness
@slingshotninja6970
@slingshotninja6970 7 жыл бұрын
when you want your P.Hd but you lazy AF
@rkan2
@rkan2 7 жыл бұрын
But to be honest. You only need to be more intelligent than the on who could explain your findings.. You just do it and avoid the unnecessary bits.. :D
@Roflwes
@Roflwes 7 жыл бұрын
rkan2 p
@ConManAU
@ConManAU 7 жыл бұрын
As Blaise Pascal probably said (but has since been attributed to all the people these quotes are usually attributed to), "I apologise for writing such a long letter. I would have written a shorter one, but I didn't have the time."
@JivanPal
@JivanPal 6 жыл бұрын
*Ph.D.
@loveforsberg530
@loveforsberg530 5 жыл бұрын
Arguably the whole point of mathematics is condensation of information, in an accessible way.
@KC-dw6yz
@KC-dw6yz 6 жыл бұрын
In terms of impact factor per word, I'd like to also suggest Leo Esaki's original paper announcing the creation of the tunnel diode: it is titled 'New Phenomenon in Narrow Germanium p-n Junctions'. It's one page long, has hand drawn bandgap diagrams, and won the Nobel Prize in Physics for it's author!
@williamnathanael412
@williamnathanael412 3 жыл бұрын
I kinda hoped Gettier's paper "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?" made the cut.
@androidkenobi
@androidkenobi 7 жыл бұрын
1974 seems to have been a hilarious year for papers
@ITR
@ITR 7 жыл бұрын
"Is it possible to get a one-page paper written in Liberation Serif with font size 65 published in a peer reviewed scientific journal?" That would fill up a 8.50'' x 11.00'' page with 1.00'' margins.
@mmmmmmmmmmmmm
@mmmmmmmmmmmmm 5 жыл бұрын
But the margins will be too small to fit it
@sipos0
@sipos0 4 жыл бұрын
Whether it is possible or not would probably depend on your definition of scientific. I don't think it is possible unless there is a disappointingly bad peer reviewed scientific journal, or you have a very broad definition of scientific.
@polymarc2171
@polymarc2171 7 жыл бұрын
One of the shortest thesis was the thesis by C.N. Yang. His thesis was published as "On the Angular Distribution in Nuclear Reactions and Coincidence Measurements" and was about 30 pages, but apparently, it took his advisor Teller had quite a bit of trouble getting Yang to make his thesis longer. Teller kept asking him to extend his results, although even the original 4 or 5 pages would have been sufficient for a Ph.D. I heard this while doing my Ph.D. at Stony Brook, but I can't confirm it personally.
@johannesderspinner
@johannesderspinner 5 жыл бұрын
In philosophy there is a three page paper ("Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?" by Edmond Gettier), which had a huuuge impact on the subject.
@mateusgabriel3013
@mateusgabriel3013 5 жыл бұрын
Came here to comment this.
@KucheKlizma
@KucheKlizma 5 жыл бұрын
What's the total KDA? How does it compare to The Communist Manifesto by K.M.?
@johndoeing
@johndoeing 7 жыл бұрын
But what were the LONGEST papers/thesis?
@100najaja
@100najaja 5 жыл бұрын
Classification of finite simple groups
@FM-kl7oc
@FM-kl7oc 5 жыл бұрын
"The complete list of all integers" by Chuck Norris (2005)
@dog_owner
@dog_owner 5 жыл бұрын
A proof that TREE(3) is finite (which has yet to exist).
@someperson5137
@someperson5137 5 жыл бұрын
dog Then you get to TREE(4) lol
@dog_owner
@dog_owner 5 жыл бұрын
No TREE(4) doesn't need a proof
@astropgn
@astropgn 7 жыл бұрын
The article that revealed to the world the helicoidal structure of our DNA is also very short and concise. I think it has the same impact that Nash paper had, but for the sciences of life
@buzzy33
@buzzy33 4 жыл бұрын
I love how the first paper just burned Euler with only one page. 👏
@haleffect9011
@haleffect9011 7 жыл бұрын
That one on writer's block is brilliant
@General12th
@General12th 7 жыл бұрын
Now I want to write a paper with the title, "How many theses that end with a question answer that question in the abstract?", and then cite that very paper in the abstract.
@beeble2003
@beeble2003 4 жыл бұрын
Better to go for the paradox with "How many papers whose title is a question _do not_ answer that question in the abstract?"
@JackLe1127
@JackLe1127 7 жыл бұрын
1:25 wait John Conway the game of life guy?
@capitalist88
@capitalist88 7 жыл бұрын
Yes! :) He's been in some of Brady's videos.
@JackLe1127
@JackLe1127 7 жыл бұрын
ooooooh
@ZardoDhieldor
@ZardoDhieldor 7 жыл бұрын
Don't let Mr. Conway hear that! He hates when people only take about his game.
@alexanderstiefelmann5982
@alexanderstiefelmann5982 7 жыл бұрын
My first associations with the name Conway are even more obscure. Chained arrow notation and surreal numbers.
@u.v.s.5583
@u.v.s.5583 7 жыл бұрын
You mean one of the fathers of the ATLAS of finite groups? The discoverer of the Conway group? The man who made a digital computer out of urinal parts?
@repmel
@repmel 7 жыл бұрын
Okay, here's my shot: Is the Riemann Hypothesis true? Probably.
@gbx5180
@gbx5180 4 жыл бұрын
Prove it!
@goshisanniichi
@goshisanniichi 7 жыл бұрын
I was always under the impression that it was Gauss's proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra that was the super short one. I looked for but could not find any scan of it or anything to substantiate that.
@allyourcode
@allyourcode 7 жыл бұрын
Oh man, I love the chemistry one. Classic XD
@starrychloe
@starrychloe 7 жыл бұрын
I think Satoshi Nakamoto's bitcoin whitepaper had the most impact per word.
@covalencedust2603
@covalencedust2603 7 жыл бұрын
That's a different kind of impact though. You can't compare a mathematical discovery with an invention. And still, inventing game theory is a way bigger deal than inventing the bitcoin.
@jogiff
@jogiff 7 жыл бұрын
Sebi20070 but did any of Nash' papers get libertarian retards to cream themselves over a pyramid scheme?
@greenhorntenderfoot9261
@greenhorntenderfoot9261 7 жыл бұрын
Very cool stuff! It would be interesting to try measure the complexity of letters sent out by an organization using a computer program that measures the complexity of words as well as the length of sentences and look to see if there is a connection between the complexity of the letters and the number of people that contact the organization seeking clarification. Essentially is there an optimum length and complexity of a letter?
@rosiefay7283
@rosiefay7283 7 жыл бұрын
Another short paper with great impact is: Marcel Golay. Notes on Digital Coding. Proc. IRE. 37 (1949): 657. It described the error-correcting codes now known as Golay codes, which have proved useful in digital transmission over noisy channels.
@Sladepheonix
@Sladepheonix 7 жыл бұрын
My grandfather once got assigned a paper in philosophy class with the prompt: "Why?" He replied simply, "Why not?" I think he aced it.
@zaramomadi5569
@zaramomadi5569 3 жыл бұрын
Did he get his Nobel Prize or not?
@NoActuallyGo-KCUF-Yourself
@NoActuallyGo-KCUF-Yourself 7 жыл бұрын
"Unsuccessful Self-treatment of Writer's Block" - LOL!
@jonproxy2758
@jonproxy2758 7 жыл бұрын
one of the only trending videos that isn't an ad
@Locut0s
@Locut0s 7 жыл бұрын
What I like about the first example is that it shows a very early example of the use of computing power to produce proofs or disproofs. The CDC 6600 mentioned is an early mainframe. I know many have a natural distaste for any kind of mathematical proof or disproof that heavily involves brute force computing. Well it seems to have a long history dating back to the early computers.
@Pouk3D
@Pouk3D 7 жыл бұрын
The writer's block one is genius.
@ru40342
@ru40342 11 ай бұрын
Every economics PhD student hopes to achieve what Nash did. Short but genius idea using relatively simple maths but achieve greatness (and of course, a nobel prize) Game theory is still one of the main concepts of Microeconomics, more than 70 years after that famous paper was published. What a beautiful mind.
@Callerooo
@Callerooo 7 жыл бұрын
There was a Numberphile video with James Grim where he talked about a student who was late to a class and misunderstood an assignment. He thought your were suppose to solve the assignment but it was, up until then, not solved. However, he solved it and James said that when he wanted to do a PHD his professor said that he only needed turn in the proof he made. Could that be the short PHD thesis they talk about? Can't remember the video though
@azlan194
@azlan194 7 жыл бұрын
Are you talking about A Beautiful Mind movie reference?
@JannikPitt
@JannikPitt 7 жыл бұрын
Georg Dantzig was the name of the matematician +NaCl on my food
@spyone4828
@spyone4828 7 жыл бұрын
I remember this, but not from a Numberphile video. I found it on TV tropes, in a list of people who did something thought to be impossible because they didn't know it was supposed to be impossible. Here is the entry from their page "Achievements In Ignorance": (Quote)In 1939, George Dantzig, a mathematics graduate student, arrived late in class and copied what he thought was homework written on the blackboard. After taking longer than usual to solve the problems, he apologized to his professor for his lateness and turned them in. What he didn't know was that what he copied wasn't homework but two unsolved statistics theorems, the proofs of which he published. To this day, colleges and professors will sometimes place previously unsolved problems like these in with other more mundane problems on "entrance exams" or other evaluative tests, just to see if some brilliant young student who hasn't heard about the problem not being solved yet can find a solution nobody else thought to try. Dantzig's story eventually morphed into the Urban Legend of the student that was late for an exam and barely completed all the problems on the board only for him to be told that the final problem(s) were "unsolvable" problems and that he made history. The legend can be traced to Reverend Robert Schuller, whom Dantzig once met and told him about the blackboard incident only for Schuller to add the embellishments found in the legend.(End Quote)
@generic_programmer
@generic_programmer 6 жыл бұрын
It's from the numberphile video about the problem in Will Hunting
@beeble2003
@beeble2003 4 жыл бұрын
@@JannikPitt George, not Georg. He was born in the USA and named after George Bernard Shaw.
@pablogriswold421
@pablogriswold421 7 жыл бұрын
I think the legendary thesis about which you were taking was George Danzig's.
@kolumdium
@kolumdium 7 жыл бұрын
I think you are missing a t in George Dantzig. Do you know which paper exactly?
@pablogriswold421
@pablogriswold421 7 жыл бұрын
karatekid You're sure right! My phone autocorrected to Danzig, bit his name was indeed Dantzig. I think the paper was On the Fundamental Lemma of Neyman and Pearson.
@michaelbauers8800
@michaelbauers8800 7 жыл бұрын
Hold me closer George Danzig. Now that I read that attempt at humor, it wasn't as funny as thought it might be
@u.v.s.5583
@u.v.s.5583 7 жыл бұрын
That paper is a mammoth, it is almost full 7 pages long!
@pablogriswold421
@pablogriswold421 7 жыл бұрын
U.V. S. Hope that's sarcasm... Poe's Law?
@singerofsongs468
@singerofsongs468 7 жыл бұрын
The Chemical-Free paper is hilarious.
@rickrijpers4730
@rickrijpers4730 7 жыл бұрын
Just needed this after a boring day of school
@geraldmerkowitz4360
@geraldmerkowitz4360 7 жыл бұрын
The actual shortest story I was told about is this one : "The last man on Earth sat alone in a room. There was a knock on the door..." -*Knock*, Fredric Brown, 1948
@ModKijko
@ModKijko 7 жыл бұрын
For sale: baby shoes, never worn
@geraldmerkowitz4360
@geraldmerkowitz4360 7 жыл бұрын
mod prime I had to think about it twice before understanding it
@RobinDSaunders
@RobinDSaunders 7 жыл бұрын
KNOCK KNOCK. "Who's there?" DEATH. "Death wh-"
@leungchoihung2465
@leungchoihung2465 7 жыл бұрын
sarcastic bowl of cornflakes "Me We"
@cecasiahaan6801
@cecasiahaan6801 7 жыл бұрын
Aniyoyo 良采康 LIGHGHT
@Mrwiseguy101690
@Mrwiseguy101690 6 жыл бұрын
Disproving Euler with a counterexample = Legend mathematician status
@robotguy
@robotguy 7 жыл бұрын
The shortest abstract ever was in Physics, and contained no words at all. E=mc². The paper itself is only four pages long, and although it didn't win Einstein a Nobel (he got two others for Brownian motion and the photoelectric effect), it is the most famous equation in the world.
@talltroll7092
@talltroll7092 6 жыл бұрын
Which is impressive, considering that, strictly speaking, it is not the correct equation
@NXTangl
@NXTangl 6 жыл бұрын
Tall Troll Unless you understand m as relative mass, as modern physicists take it, and not rest mass.
@JohnDoe-ti2np
@JohnDoe-ti2np 2 жыл бұрын
"Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?" is actually three pages long, but it had no abstract. Also, Einstein won only one Nobel Prize, for the photoelectric effect.
@pinkdispatcher
@pinkdispatcher 7 жыл бұрын
I also heard that myth about the famous 1-page thesis in school, but didn't think much of it except as a motivation for making your point as concise as possible.
@dalitas
@dalitas 7 жыл бұрын
is there a Nobel price in economics? abstract: no, kinda. it's not a true Nobel price in economics; it's the riksbank's price in memory of Nobel
@towertopvids
@towertopvids 7 жыл бұрын
As far as the "myth" at then end, the only thing that comes to mind is the story of George Dantzig. He arrived late to class one day and saw problems on the board that he thought were assigned for homework. He then turned those papers in to the professor, apologizing for his tardiness. His "homework" provided solutions to two open problems in statistics. His adviser told him to just put those two problems together for his thesis.
@charilaosmylonas5046
@charilaosmylonas5046 7 жыл бұрын
Not a "very" short paper, but Fourier's idea to use... well... Fourier series for solving the heat equation was in a 6 page paper. Here's your winner for influence/content per "words".
@zokalyx
@zokalyx 5 жыл бұрын
Indeed. This drastically changed many fields of physics, as well as mathematics. I mean, who would have thought quantum mechanics would use it?
@breearbor4275
@breearbor4275 4 жыл бұрын
in the field of philosophy, there’s a famous short paper by Edmund Gettier called “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?” the story goes that Gettier was a brilliant philosopher, but hardly ever published anything. frustrated with his lack of success, his colleagues locked him in a closet one day and said he couldn’t come out until he wrote a paper. so in barely three pages, he wrote this short piece which demonstrated that the classical definition of what counts as “knowledge”, universally accepted at the time, was completely inadequate in certain situations. the paper completely upturned the field of epistemology and for years people published new papers dealing with his challenges.
@god5535
@god5535 3 жыл бұрын
Legend has it he is still feverishly working on another problem in his closet.
@jrod3755
@jrod3755 7 жыл бұрын
"The Unsuccessful Self-Treatment Of A Case Of Writer's Block" ... (nothing's written) Genius
@jamesdecross1035
@jamesdecross1035 4 жыл бұрын
I do like this guy and his enthusiasm for his subject.
@Hecatonicosachoron
@Hecatonicosachoron 7 жыл бұрын
Did Wittgenstein not submit theTractatus as his PhD thesis? Probably in terms of effortless theses this must be one of the best historical exaples of the 20th c.
@kingchartsintradaytradings2309
@kingchartsintradaytradings2309 6 жыл бұрын
I have my own conjecture here. a1^k + a2^k + ... + an^k (never equal to) = x^n for positive integers where n >k ... is short you will never find any positive integer solutions if number of terms of a i.e. (n) more than power used i.e. (k) for example a1^k + a2^k + a3^k (never equals) x^k for k>3 ... i.e. Next Generalization of Fermat's theorem. Just match number of terms a1 a2 ...an with n matching power k and say there is no integer solution for k>n ... Prove me wrong here! ...
@oldcowbb
@oldcowbb 7 жыл бұрын
but the margin still don't have enough space to contain it
@tomelifeisjustonebig
@tomelifeisjustonebig 4 жыл бұрын
Tony and Holly are the best subjects / presenters because they’re the sort you’d love to sit down and have a beer with.
@CaptainCalculus
@CaptainCalculus 7 жыл бұрын
Isn't Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity only 13 pages long? Surely that would be up there in the #words vs impact section
@christopherstokes9393
@christopherstokes9393 2 жыл бұрын
For the second paper ("Can n^2 + 1 unit equilateral triangles cover an equilateral triangle of side > n, say n + ɛ?"), Figure 2 actually *does* answer the question (by showing that it's not possible in the case n = 1). In this case, n^2 + 1 = 2. However, two unit triangles are required to cover the base of the triangle (which has length 1 + ɛ) - and this leaves a small wedge at the top of the triangle which isn't covered. They could, of course, have communicated this more clearly - but then, their paper wouldn't be as short any more!!!
@CliveWolfe
@CliveWolfe 7 жыл бұрын
Einsteins' paper on Mass-energy equivalence i.e. E = mc2 is only 2.5 pages. That's got to be up there?
@edminchau811
@edminchau811 5 жыл бұрын
That paper had one of the shortest abstracts ever. The whole abstract was: E=mc^2
@kevinjohnson4531
@kevinjohnson4531 4 жыл бұрын
I think the anecdote you're describing at the end of the video is about Dantzig. [from wikipedia] An event in Dantzig's life became the origin of a famous story in 1939, while he was a graduate student at UC Berkeley. Near the beginning of a class for which Dantzig was late, professor Jerzy Neyman wrote two examples of famously unsolved statistics problems on the blackboard. When Dantzig arrived, he assumed that the two problems were a homework assignment and wrote them down. According to Dantzig, the problems "seemed to be a little harder than usual", but a few days later he handed in completed solutions for the two problems, still believing that they were an assignment that was overdue. Six weeks later, Dantzig received a visit from an excited professor Neyman, who was eager to tell him that the homework problems he had solved were two of the most famous unsolved problems in statistics. He had prepared one of Dantzig's solutions for publication in a mathematical journal. As Dantzig told it in a 1986 interview in the College Mathematics Journal: "A year later, when I began to worry about a thesis topic, Neyman just shrugged and told me to wrap the two problems in a binder and he would accept them as my thesis."
@beeble2003
@beeble2003 4 жыл бұрын
I wonder if Dantzig's memory had faded by the time of this interview. Wikipedia says the homework incident occurred in 1939 but, because of Dantzig's work for the military during WWII, he didn't finish his PhD until 1946. Of couse, it's possible that Neyman said in 1940 that such a thesis would be acceptable ("Don't worry: you've already done enough" is something that grad students often need reassurance about) but that it didn't actually get submitted until after the war.
@B3Band
@B3Band 7 жыл бұрын
If I discovered some groundbreaking concept, I wouldn't waste time writing hundreds of pages, either! I just invented replicators! You get a drawing and a rant about hippies, and that's it!
@wren1728
@wren1728 7 жыл бұрын
The story mentioned at the end of the video could be that of George Dantzig: 'An event in George Dantzig's life became the origin of a famous story in 1939 while he was a graduate student at UC Berkeley. Near the beginning of a class for which Dantzig was late, professor Jerzy Neyman wrote two examples of famously unsolved statistics problems on the blackboard. When Dantzig arrived, he assumed that the two problems were a homework assignment and wrote them down. According to Dantzig, the problems "seemed to be a little harder than usual", but a few days later he handed in completed solutions for the two problems, still believing that they were an assignment that was overdue.' Those problems formed the basis of his PhD thesis.
@MartinMenky
@MartinMenky 7 жыл бұрын
wait till you see my first paper haha
@froidesprit
@froidesprit 7 жыл бұрын
Martin Menkyna was that it?
@MartinMenky
@MartinMenky 7 жыл бұрын
MichaelKingsfordGray it's not gonna be THAT bad .. hopefully :D
@davecrupel2817
@davecrupel2817 7 жыл бұрын
MichaelKingsfordGray 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
@peterells1720
@peterells1720 6 жыл бұрын
"Unknotting spheres in five dimensions" by EC Zeeman, 1960, is great. It is ~200 words long, including generalising the proof to unknotting n-spheres. It is available as a pdf online.
@PaulBennett
@PaulBennett 7 жыл бұрын
Huffman's thesis was 12 pages.
@MrSzybciutki
@MrSzybciutki 7 жыл бұрын
after, or before compression?
@PaulBennett
@PaulBennett 7 жыл бұрын
klingt net you're not wrong. His famous paper on entropy coding was not his thesis. My mistake.
@fabiangiesen306
@fabiangiesen306 7 жыл бұрын
Yeah, "A Method for the Construction of Minimum-Redundancy Codes" was not his thesis, it was a term paper. :) He was supposed to show optimality of Shannon-Fano codes, which are broadly similar but use a top-down subdivision construction (recursively split the set of symbols trying to keep the weights of both subsets as close as possible). Turns out that's not optimal, but Huffman's bottom-up procedure (repeatedly merge the two lowest-weight subsets) is.
@grlt23
@grlt23 7 жыл бұрын
You Sir, has won few internets by this comment :)
@MichaelEdelman1954
@MichaelEdelman1954 4 жыл бұрын
Kenneth Arrow’s PhD thesis is another contender for shortest length and greatest influence. The story goes that the math department where he was studying rejected it, and so he shopped it around to different departments, ending up in economics,where they recognized its brilliance. It eventually led to his Nobel prize.
@thomassynths
@thomassynths 7 жыл бұрын
Conway's paper doesn't specify constraints on epsilon, so the whole paper is incorrect in the case epsilon > 1.
@DarkMaple68
@DarkMaple68 7 жыл бұрын
epsilon ist generally assumed to be
@ZipplyZane
@ZipplyZane 7 жыл бұрын
Wouldn't it be >n?
@DarkMaple68
@DarkMaple68 7 жыл бұрын
no, for epsilon>1 you would need 2n+1 more. therefore, the statement is false for n>1.
@ZipplyZane
@ZipplyZane 7 жыл бұрын
DarkMaple68 I think I'm getting the terminology messed up. I was thinking n was the size of the small triangle, when n is the size of the big triangle.
@covalencedust2603
@covalencedust2603 7 жыл бұрын
Ye, the paper was obviously a joke or so. Maybe they made it that short on purpose as a bet or something.
@di5perat039
@di5perat039 7 жыл бұрын
Also quite short: E. Nelson wrote a paper "A proof of Liouville's theorem" (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc 12 (1961), 995) consisting of 9 lines of text A bit longer, but with a very short title: N. G. Meyers & J. Serrin: H=W (Proc. Nat. Aca. Sci. 51 (1964), 1055-1056 )
@ashoka9306
@ashoka9306 7 жыл бұрын
watson and crick establishing the shape of dna with 800 words.
@LyriaSiders
@LyriaSiders 11 ай бұрын
The first one should've included an abstract, and have it simply be: ''Abstract - 27^5+84^5+110^5+133^5=144^5''
@kennstedas
@kennstedas 7 жыл бұрын
Check out Edmund Gettier, he crushed contemporary Epistemology based on Plato in like 3 pages
@neiloppa2620
@neiloppa2620 7 жыл бұрын
kennstedas what's that?
@BulentBasaran
@BulentBasaran 7 жыл бұрын
Sorry, meant to reply to your question, but, mis-placed it above..
@int_fx_dx
@int_fx_dx 7 жыл бұрын
Einstein's 1905 paper where he introduces E=mc^2 is also about one page long (it's not his first relativity 1905 paper, but the second one).
@MitchBurns
@MitchBurns 7 жыл бұрын
I actually didn't know that triangle thing before. Also, the triangle you started with, the one with length 2 with 4 inside of it, that looked suspiciously like the Triforce from Zelda.
@KuraIthys
@KuraIthys 7 жыл бұрын
Yes. The triforce has always been very similar in nature to several things. Notably the fractal pattern referred to as 'the Sierpinski triangle' You do sometimes wonder what influences game designers sometimes...
@MitchBurns
@MitchBurns 7 жыл бұрын
KuraIthys I have a feeling the triforce was just 3 triangles put together to form a bigger triangle with and upside down triangle between them.
@serenity748
@serenity748 3 жыл бұрын
the paper about CRISPR Cas-9 is going to have the biggest impact on the world by far.
@asdasdasdasd714
@asdasdasdasd714 7 жыл бұрын
That first one deserves a "Thug Life"
@bobsquirrelking
@bobsquirrelking 5 жыл бұрын
Not only does the Conway paper not actually answer the question it poses, but you could argue it isn't actually that short. A picture is worth a thousand words, so that paper comes in at just over 2000.
@Loevly
@Loevly 7 жыл бұрын
what's an epsighlon?
@lawrencecalablaster568
@lawrencecalablaster568 7 жыл бұрын
Andrew Loevinger Epsilon (Ε/ε): the Greek letter equivalent to the English short-e sound.
@miniemor
@miniemor 7 жыл бұрын
Andrew Loevinger A Greek letter that mathematicians use to denote a very small number.
@shadyradwan261
@shadyradwan261 7 жыл бұрын
Andrew Loevinger it is conventionally used to describe very small quantities or values.
@mighty8357
@mighty8357 7 жыл бұрын
You clearly missed the joke :) Andrew is well aware of what Epsilon stands for
@notsyort
@notsyort 7 жыл бұрын
Epsilon stands for a very short national anthem :P
@CaryInVictoria
@CaryInVictoria 4 жыл бұрын
Very interesting and entertaining! I had a friend whose Ph.D. thesis (UC Berkeley) was 15 pages long. It dealt with a problem in queueing theory. I think that for most of us holding that degree it didn't take long to come to the realization that our thesis was really quite bad.
@richardfarrer5616
@richardfarrer5616 4 жыл бұрын
I want to write a paper "Is the proof cited in this paper self-referential?" with a proof, "Yes - see ".
@georgelionon9050
@georgelionon9050 3 жыл бұрын
It's a more complicated way of the infamous logic simpleton. "This statement is true."
@IamGrimalkin
@IamGrimalkin 7 жыл бұрын
Einstein's PhD theses (A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions) is the same length as Nash's in pages but quite a bit less in wordcount, and it had rather a large impact.
@phampton6781
@phampton6781 7 жыл бұрын
Consider a thesis comprising all theses...
@amisfitpuivk
@amisfitpuivk 7 жыл бұрын
Thesis of all Theses Change. -By Hi
@qikink1
@qikink1 7 жыл бұрын
NO NO NO this always gets us into trouble.
@roccotena4058
@roccotena4058 7 жыл бұрын
The power set of theses?
@RCassinello
@RCassinello 6 жыл бұрын
"Yes but probably not."
@adamweishaupt3733
@adamweishaupt3733 6 жыл бұрын
Does a thesis comprising all theses comprise itself?
@jcbdwsn
@jcbdwsn 4 жыл бұрын
In philosophy, Edmund Gettier's paper changed epistemology completely and disproved something held to since Aristotle in just a couple of pages.
@god5535
@god5535 3 жыл бұрын
Is justified true belief knowledge?
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