The Sisters of English

English is not alone. She has a family, sidelined by her prominence. Who are they? This is an introductory video into the Ingvaeonic and Anglic languages.
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[@theidioticbgilson1466]

also english had afairs with hundreds of different languages and abused them to make the creoles around the world!

[@ConnorQuimby]

slay queen! n o n o t l i k e t h a t

[@pentelegomenon1175]

and is possibly the product of such an affair herself

[@arvinroidoatienza7082]

​@@ConnorQuimbythey did slay a lot of people

[@StuffandThings_]

@@arvinroidoatienza7082 And oftentimes it was for the Queen

[@kaikwa4160]

​@@pentelegomenon1175 well structurally it's Germanic to the core but the vocabulary.... :/ Wish William the Conqueror wasn't illiterate. He apparently spent years of his life trying to learn English but he couldn't

[@gyumii]

Yola didn’t go officially extinct until 1998 from what I’ve read. Was used for church readings as a liturgical language in Wexford I believe.

[@gyumii]

That’s according to wikipedia anyways.

[@Findinrask]

Still speakers but all l2

[@1leon000]

0:49 Love how the Danish text goes through entropy

[@drrd4127]

Let me write in Modern Scots for you: Wid ye pit yer baffies oan wir aw gaun ootside tae hae ai picnic (Would you put your shoes on we are all going outside for a picnic) Ah waintit ai tassie ay tay bit th' watter is awfie tae het tae swally (I want a cup of tea but the water is too hot to drink) Ma faimalie, ma maw, da and brithir ir camin' roon the morra fir ai vesit wae th' weans. (My family, my mum, dad and brother are coming around tomorrow to visit the children) Ah fun th' grumphie aw kippin' oot in th' byre. (I found the pigs all sleeping in the cowshed)

[@superstructure23]

I have trust issues when it comes to written Scots because of the whole Wikipedia Scots controversy (if I remember correctly, the Scots Wikipedia was mostly written by some teenager who didn't even speak Scots).

[@AnDuineSaor]

@@superstructure23 this is fairly accurate to be fair. The apologetic apostrophes need to go, that’s a later invention used to appease speakers of ‘proper English’.

[@trumpflavourednugget9325]

​@@AnDuineSaorindeed, especially if we are to consider Scots it's own language as opposed to a dialect of English.

[@user-hu6lr3vr7g]

​​​​​​@@superstructure23Sorry, I have a different account, this is me who wrote this. I have read the Scots Wikipedia page and didn't understand a word so I know what you mean but I wrote this phenetically to how I speak so I can give you an idea, also occasionally we write Scots down in text, letters, poams at School ect...this is how I speak, I know what Scots sounds like, I am not American 😂😂😂. It's not a written language so theres many spellings but if you just read it phonetically, you can understand, every Scottish person knows that.

[@AgmaSchwa]

Gucci content, miss u Fingalian

[@Pandadude-eg9li]

In the next centuries, Irish English, AAVE, and Chicano may become separate languages too.

[@Adrolesien]

Southern American English and Appalachian English.

[@BUSHCRAPPING]

before the radio and television and railway/car was invented then yes they would become their on languages but currently the general trend is towards the merging of dialects and not separation. certain urban varieties could differ from that trend but on the whole its very unlikely.

[@DoubleWhopperWithCheese]

I would say otherwise. People are being exposed to different dialects constantly nowadays so are less likley to diverge.

[@underthedice1231]

AAVE is the continuem between Gula and ASE. Gula is so different from ASE its a bit insane to call the same language.

[@leocomerford]

@@BUSHCRAPPING That’s certainly what’s happening to Hiberno-English, by and large. But Irish English in the sense of Yolanda and Fingallian are long extinct already.

[@ManicEightBall]

Really well done. There are a ton of details given here I don't often hear, and explanations about contested languages. I don't often see videos give this much detail. Thanks!

[@bord1741]

Eyyy, a video about one of my favorite topics! This was exciting, as I JUST subscribed a few days ago. Happy to see some new faces in the linguistics/conlanging/what have you KZbin community. It feels like around a year or two ago the old guard essentially died off, and without any content to watch this side of the internet left my mind. Some of you newbies have some great stuff, thank you. I look forward to watching you on your KZbin journey!

[@ConnorQuimby]

The Anglic languages were the topic of the first ever linguistics related project I did, back probably about 6 years ago. Figured it would be appropriate to "remaster". Thanks :)))

[@that_orange_hat]

who are the "old guard"? xidnaf is the only one i can think of

[@Fenditokesdialect]

@@ConnorQuimby it's not just Yola, Fingalian and Scots that are significantly different from English but there are other dialects like Dorset, Cumbrian which in their broad form are significantly different from Standard English. I'll give some sentences in the Sheffield variety of the West Yorkshire dialect. The books are lying open on the table T'bokks is liggin oppen on t'table. I'm going to buy a breadroll for breakfast from the bakery. I'm bahn to buy a breädcake for breakfass fra t'bakery. I haven't eaten anything for dinner tonight I han't etten nowt for teä toneet

[@timdadwagan]

@@ConnorQuimby *þe

[@dan74695]

The dialect of Old Norse spoken in Jutland is called Old Jutish.. It had "æk" and "ak" for "I", and had umlaut in the present tense of strong verbs, but only in the second person and third person. Most Old Danish dialects had "jæk" or "jak" for "I", and no umlaut in strong verbs. Æk kom, ak kom = I come Þú kømr = thou comest Hann kømr = he cometh Modern Jutish dialects have "æ" and "a" for "I". Those phrases in modern South Jutlandic: æ kømmer, do kømmer, hanj kømmer. Traditional Jutish dialects sound like a different language than standard Danish. Some sound like English, Frisian or Low Saxon(AKA "Low German"). I have Jutlandic playlists on my channel if anyone wants to traditional Jutlandic.

[@akkar8726]

I love your channel! Linguistics is really cool, I like your drawings and your humour is great! Subbed!

[@rateeightx]

Also worth noting English-Based Creoles such as Jamaican Patwa or Tok Pisin, Which could be considered Children of English.

[@lilamjazeefa9466]

From what I understand, creoles are not considered linear descendents because they merge grammar from another language to an extent that trying to place it in one tree or another makes no sense.

[@rateeightx]

@@lilamjazeefa9466 That's true, but it's undeniable that English-based Creoles like the ones I mentioned share a significant number of features with English, Generally more so than with any other given language, And there's even a slight degree of mutual intelligibility between them.

[@rateeightx]

3:08 Another interesting feature of English that's likely from Celtic: How we often use the present progressive where many other languages would use the simple present ("I'm Walking" instead of "I walk", "I'm telling you" instead of "I tell you", Et cetera.), Which is actually rather similar to the Welsh forms, Simply lacking the linking preposition. (Which some have theorised is what the prefix a-, As in "a-comin'", originally was.)

[@thermn8r]

Yep Gaelic is the same, present-tense verbs end in "-adh" which is basically like "-ing"

[@billycampbell6446]

This feature is even more notable in Scottish English (not to be confused with Scots), -and probably is also a feature of the Scot’s language proper, - where questions are often phrased like “will you be having” instead of the typical English “would you like to have”

[@rateeightx]

@@billycampbell6446 Hm, "Will you be having..?" sounds fine in my dialect of English, but it strikes me as particularly fancy haha, Something you might here from a waiter in a fancy restaurant or something.

[@chloverSP]

I am really proud to be scottish and be able to speak scots. And id love to see yola make a return aswell. since we know a lot about it i can see it being possible

[@christopherellis2663]

The Somerset and Forest dialects in southwestern England are related to Yola

[@TheArctofireHD]

This channel is underrated!

[@kieran_bk]

Yola is undergoing a revival!

[@L1M.L4M]

Noice

[@dazza2350]

I've heard nothing about this what

[@ariebrons7976]

Thanks, it shure was an effort Note: Flemish, zeelandic and Brabantine are identical to Dutch. Yes there are some minute differences, but these do not have any significant grammatical impact. For Flemish it consists of French loanwords and more Frenchlike pronounciation. Brabantish is identical to Dutch but is spoken lazely with a thick accent. ~a lot like East Anglian or Apalachian English~ And I have no idea where you got Zeelandish from. (Afrikaans might be more infleunced by that particular dialect) However most written forms are exactly the same. Only written Afrikaans has different spelling conventions, but can be decyphered by natice Dutch speakers.

[@leornendeealdenglisc]

great video.

[@dan74695]

"Gotlandic" usually refers to regionally coloured standard Swedish from Gotland, not the native language of the island, which is usually called Gutnish. Also, it's not a dead language. Also, Elfdalian is not that different from the other Upper Dalecarlian dialects. It's not as unique as people think.

[@that_orange_hat]

i like how all languages canonically use she/her pronouns

[@worldbuilding_turtle]

Parents are lesbians we stan

[@BUSHCRAPPING]

its usually masculine in other european languages

[@mikesands4681]

Japanese doesnt really have gendered pronouns really. Kare and konojo are close

[@junodoesworldbuilding2956]

Good video many enjoy

[@revinhatol]

Yola is currently undergoing a revival, btw.

[@reptilesarecool6739]

0:15 Joe Mahma :(

[@BelcarrigFarm]

Great video

[@mikesands4681]

What about pidgin, creoled, and american?

[@wilhelmseleorningcniht9410]

perseenlich hass ich 's Naame 'Pennsylvania German,' so sell es darichgschtreiche watt, deich. lol Pennsylvania Dutch is what the Pa Dutch calls themselves and their language (in English), there's nothing to hate about it. The modern terms 'Dutch' and 'German' need not make one think that here the term is wrongly used, because it's rather a retention of an older meaning of 'dutch' which used to refer to all continental Germanic languages, yes including what's now called German. Personally, I think that's really interesting. What irks me is not the 'wrong' use of Dutch but rather so many *non* Pa Dutch who refuse to use the culture's proper name. I understand when people do so out of a desire to not confuse with Netherlands/Belgium Dutch as especially in linguistics this could help prevent confusion, but a fair few do so rather out of a sense of 'proper-ness' of terms, which blatantly ignores the proper endonym, and the etymology to boot, for no good reason other than linguistic preconceptions and bias. also as a note, best to not label the German-side dialects of low Franconian as 'Central German' Central German is the typical term for Central *High* German in the English language Low Franconian dialects of Germany are typically called Low Rhenish (in contrast to the ripuarian and moselle franconian (both central German) dialects further upstream in the Rhineland) You did use the term Meuse-Rhenish, which is roughly the same thing as Low Rhenish, but including both it and Central German makes no sense under istvaeonic, which properly applies only to Low Franconian dialects which'd not include anything of Central German This is perhaps more of a personal choice, but I don't think it makes over much sense to refer to 'ingvaeonic' as a distinct separate language. It's a grouping of related languages, but that doesn't make it a 'language' per se, more of.. well, an abstract grouping. Personally I think a Sprachbund type of model works a lot better than a genetic one anyways, helps to get rid of these sorts of issues Celtic influence on English's use of such things as do-support is not a 100 percent sure thing. As far as I'm aware, that's still pretty up for debate and not something you should probably be stating as fact Scots and the great vowel shift is quite interesting. To my knowledge basically the schtick was that /o:/ had fronted to /ø:/ (to later unround) in times prior to the shift (I've vaguely read of Northern English dialects also doing this), which prevented it from raising and pushing into /u:/, with the result of that one being conservative and thus 'hoose' instead of 'house' but as well 'dae' instead of 'do.' On top of that the dialects of Middle English (I wish the term middle anglic would become more common for these situations) that became Scots missed out on the rounding of (original) /a:/ to /ɔ:/ (and subsequent raising to /o:/) and so instead the vowel merged with the lengthened /a:/ and became something around /e:/, thus 'stane' instead of 'stone' I'd strongly not recommend ILoveLanguages' channel. Their quality is extremely spotty and a lot of their videos are rather poor representations. There is a recorded song in Yola you can search for however which is decent. Song's not the best medium for this but to be honest an impression is all you'll get of Yola anyways, and a traditional song is world's better than that channel's videos. The people who keep saying something about a Yola revival I'm relatively sure are talking about a single conlanger who had a project to make a modern version of Yola which I'm pretty sure was abandoned several years ago, no noise from them anyways. If you look up info about Yola you'll come across it, and that's as close to a 'revival' as you'll find.

[@BreninCyhyr]

Not reading allat

[@L1M.L4M]

Bro wrote the bible

[@monkeypie8701]

I do believe that Old Saxon was not Ingvaeonic, but was an Istvaeonic language

[@HotelPapa100]

Considering that this video is lterally a slide show: You overload the timeline. One has no chance to follow both the narration and the visualisation. consider to pace the slides more slowly.

[@stonedape2406]

anglic languages are not seperate from standard English but include it, probably best to see it as all the languages stemming from old enligsh. Scots came from northumbrian old english, the west country dialects came from west saxon for example, and before the 20th century they were different enough to be mutually unintelligible from standard english. I still know speakers of the old 'dialect' of a part of the west country where I'm from, and it would be hard for a londonderry to understand them. Listening to old 50s recordings of dialects from western and northern England feels like its a different language.

[@FOLIPE]

Galician and Portuguese being separate languages is reasonably disputed. Many believe Portuguese to be a language with three standard varities, Brazilian, Portuguese and Galician.

[@billbirkett7166]

Awn canna fergæt abót the Oronothan lied, yîther. Sóm fók mounna emmins aken tha hit bistawns, yiet hier hit is, æn I am wreiting ie't nowly. Mivfer, mawr acaws sóm fók had feryotten abót it, dæsna mien tha awn canna bruik thess hawsheinent lied fer te amprull aw kin têndels æn sêchen ie the warld. Whîlka fammely is hit fapært? Mell, sógerly hit is Jêrmanish, bit hit is awk Înkgelsêfty, æn hit was spoken frea æ houp nênt frie fók wha bad ie Noarthummerlawn ie the threttienth yierhunnert. Bit hit órliffit tills th'dei, meanly ga-spoken frea æ degly houp wizzærts æn heigh drîghten yeas diernêfty strêftfólchel nênt fók ie thon kintræbawt. Hit is sógerly æ ferawden lied, bit hit is nón FERYOTTEN lied.

[@taududeblobber221]

you keep telling me to go to videos without linking to them or putting a card.

[@ConnorQuimby]

Sorry! I keep forgetting cards exist. They're in there now, I'll try to remember in the future.

[@lewiitoons4227]

I appreciate the effort to pronounce Scotland and Ireland right, wit a man

[@pierre-alainbader4921]

Luxembourgish is also a Istvaeonic language because it a Frankish variety. Like all the West Central German dialectes is Istvaeonic. Irminonic are all Alemannic (West Upper German) and Bavarian (Est Upper German) dialectes. I don't the situation for Upper Frankish German dialectes of the Upper German and the Thurigian dialectes. Otherwise you made good work.

[@molecatcher3383]

This video says that the English language entered Ireland and Scotland after the Norman conquest of England (in 1066). While this is true for Ireland, it is not true for Scotland. In Scotland (based upon the modern borders) the south east ofthe country was from around the year 600 AD part of the Anglian kingdom of Northumbria. The Anglians brought their Germanic language into the land that they controlled and it was from this foundation that the modern languageo of Scots derived, allbeit with many changes along the way. So this video is wrong on this facty by around nearly 500 years. Otherwise a good video.

[@niku..]

I don't know where you got your information from but you're completely wrong about Old English dialects. The West Saxon dialect was just an early standard language and thus thr most abudnantly attested dialect. Modern English however is a dscendant of Anglian (Mercian/Norrhumbrian, but Mercian specifically). This is obvious for example when we look at the development of the vowel /y/ which became /i/ in Late Anglian, /e/ in Kentish and /y/ or /u/ in Late West Saxon - modern English most commonly shows /i/ but has a few instances of /e/ and /ʌ/ (< /u/) due to dialect mixing. Scots is indeed Anglian as well but specifically Northumbrian and thus its history starts in the Old English period, not just in Middle English. Also "languages, dialects or just varieties"? Variety is the hyperonym of language and dialect so there's no "just varieties".

[@ribdakse3970]

I know this video is a year old but saying that "some Jutes" moved to Savonia is a bit inaccurate. They were probably just Danes from Jutland.

[@ribdakse3970]

As a bonus, there are other Savonian surnames referring to ethnic groups: Hämäläinen (Tavastian), Suomalainen (Finn Proper), Karjalainen (Karelian), Pohjalainen/Kainulainen (Ostrobothnian), Ruotsalainen (Swede), Venäläinen (Russian), Vepsäläinen (Veps), Virolainen (Estonian), Lappalainen (probably Sámi or "para-Sámi") as well as Saksanen (German).

[@duodecasylabus2503]

just found your chanell very funny connor

[@timdadwagan]

Noo I þought you where for þorn

[@BUSHCRAPPING]

i have no problem whatsoever in calling scots its own language but there is no measurable feature of scots that isnt present in other English dialects except for the fact that scotland is its own country. some being further behind in the GVS and using thee thou, thy as well as the archiac norse vocab.

[@Stettafire]

Tell me you know nothing about Scots while telling me you know nothing about Scots. Scots is not a dialect, it has more in common with gaelic then it does English. "I Cannae find ye nanny" is not Scots.

[@BUSHCRAPPING]

@@Stettafire scots is germanic not celtic

[@Findinrask]

I sehr leki yvur chunnel

[@takashi.mizuiro]

epic viddd

[@socialistrepublicofvietnam1500]

RIP east germanic

[@canalcebolinha5399]

in my mother tongue would be more normal talking The Brothers of the English instead of The Sisters of English

[@cillianennis9921]

As a person with a very limited knowledge of her mother tongue (Ulster scots) i find it stupid to think of it as a dialect of english instead of scots. I think if a dialect can have itself dialects it should propally be called a language. but then again what is a language is politics & nationalism. If your hard for something in the country you'll call it a language or a dialect like with the serbo-croatian languages/dialects only seen as that due to politics & history. also you forgot the travellers languagey thing its more of a creole or cant but its intresting.

[@chrisk5651]

The words that you pasted on one slide is missing a word. You say that English has so much influence from Romance languages that it’s indistinguishable from the other Germanic languages. You meant that it is NOT indistinguishable

[@oldben5772]

The speed of this and the narrator's delivery make this very hard for an old man to hear and grasp. Pity!

[@aqualynx1443]

bruh. no Gullah Geechee or Patois?

[@vseslavkazakov356]

shetlandic is another sister language of english

[@just_some_guy_innit]

thats a dialect of scots 😑

[@trafficlover74]

ɢ̥̯̩̬̪̺̝̞̟̠̈̃̏

[@bruhmoment3719]

Funny stuff 😡😡😡😡

[@ConnorQuimby]

I don't have any ideaaaaassss

[@bruhmoment3719]

@@ConnorQuimby I told you one of my questions 🥺🥺

[@ConnorQuimby]

@@bruhmoment3719 what was it again?

[@bruhmoment3719]

@@ConnorQuimby check DMs 🥺🥺

[@junodoesworldbuilding2956]

FIRST

[@JustNierninwa]

Ok but the consensus is that North and West Germanic split after East Germanic languages went on a walk, though. Cool video, though.

[@ZeMarkKrazee]

I imagine this is a personal preference, but I find referring to languages as female very grating.

[@MrPillowStudios]

Good god, I seem that there's potential into calling it Germanic.

[@user-ww5mu2ot9e]

Beautiful languages. Too bad they were cannibalized in the womb by their twin.

[@Urlocallordandsavior]

Too much text, you're almost like Whatifalthist.