Forgotten Prelude To WW1 - Italo-Turkish War 1911-1912 (History Documentary)

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The Italo-Turkish War 1911 was one of the last classic imperial wars over colonial processions between two great powers. But it was in many ways also a first glimpse into what would come during the First World War: trenches, artillery, combat aircraft, motorboat attacks. This war in Ottoman Libya was fought between the Italian Army and Ottoman-led local Senussi forces.
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» SOURCES
Askew, William C. Europe and Italy’s Acquisition of Libya, 1911-1912, (Durham, NC : Duke University Press, 1942)
Caccamo, Francesco, “Italy, Libya and the Balkans” in Geppert, Dominik ; Mulligan, William & Rose, Andreas (eds.), The Wars before the Great War: Conflict and International Politics Before the Outbreak of the First World War, (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2016)
Childs, Timothy W, Italo-Turkish Diplomacy and the War Over Libya, 1911-1912, (Leiden : Brill, 1990)
Griffin, Ernest H., Adventures in Tripoli: A Doctor in the Desert (London: Philip Allen & Co., 1924)
Hindmarsh. Albert E. & Wilson, George Grafton, “War Declared and the Use of Force”, Proceedings of the American Society of International Law at Its Annual Meeting (1921-1969) Vol. 32 (1938)
McCollum Jonathan, “Reimagining Mediterranean Spaces: Libya and the Italo-Turkish War, 1911-1912," in Mediterraneo cosmopolita, 23 (3) 2015.
McMeekin, Sean, The Ottoman Endgame (Penguin, 2013).
Paris, Michael, “The First Air Wars - North Africa and the Balkans, 1911-13”, Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 26, No. 1 (1991)
Stephenson, Charles, A Box of Sand: the Italo-Ottoman War 1911-1912: the First Land, Sea and Air War, (Ticehurst : Tattered Flag Press, 2014)
Tittoni, Renato, The Italo -Turkish War (1911-12.) Translated and Compiled from the Reports of the Italian General Staff, (Kansas City, MO : Frank Hudson Publishing Company, 1914)
Uyar, Mesut, The Ottoman Army and the First World War, (Abingdon : Routledge, 2021)
Vandervort, Bruce, Wars of Imperial Conquest in Africa 1830-1914, (Bloomington, IN : Indiana University Press, 1998)
Wilcox, Vanda, Italy in the Era of the Great War, (Leiden : Brill, 2018)
Wilcox, Vanda, “The Italian Soldiers' experience in Libya, 1911-12” in Geppert, Dominik ; Mulligan, William & Rose, Andreas (eds.), The Wars before the Great War: Conflict and International Politics Before the Outbreak of the First World War, (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2016)
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»CREDITS
Presented by: Jesse Alexander
Written by: Mark Newton, Jesse Alexander
Director: Toni Steller & Florian Wittig
Director of Photography: Toni Steller
Sound: Toni Steller
Editing: Jose Gamez
Motion Design: Elise Heersink, Philipp Appelt
Mixing, Mastering & Sound Design: above-zero.com
Research by: Mark Newton
Fact checking: Florian Wittig
Channel Design: Yves Thimian
Contains licensed material by getty images
Maps: MapTiler/OpenStreetMap Contributors & GEOlayers3
All rights reserved - Real Time History GmbH 2021

[@savasgenc1877]

I'm a Turkish citizen and let me share that this war very important in Turkish history and lectured to all students from middle school to the high schools due to several reasons. First, it's very important for us as modern day Libya was the last possession of Ottoman Empire in the North Africa at that time. This war also made us witness to see the rise of two major historical figures in the battlefield. First and foremost, it was the first active military operation of founder of modern Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, and Enver Pasha, the de facto ruler of Ottoman Empire a couple of years later at the WW1. This war was the first of a serial of wars which totally ended Ottoman Empire. Trablusgarp War as we call it (1911), Both Balkan Wars (1912-1913), WWI (1914-1918), and Indepence War (1919-1922). Fun fact I was helping my 13 year old daughter to study this war for her homework last week :)

[@datboi7893]

The sad reality is Enver was totally worthless and did everything wrong.

[@qernanded8161]

Talat was more powerful than Enver, not only did he become Grand Vizier but he ran the CUP

[@kaykhosrow3263]

This is interesting, such the fate of last caliphate of Arabs...

[@Roland.Deschain]

@@kaykhosrow3263 What?

[@Aufenthalt]

Unfortunately in Italy we barely dedicate 2 Minuten. start of the Lessons: we Went to libya and occupy it End of Lessons I must say I consider this imperialistic adventure of Italy with despise as every imperialistic adventure. Many italians also saw this conflict as unuseful pain and they felt nothing heroic about.

[@Oxide_does_his_best]

The persistence of this channel and the steady improvement after the drop off of the end of the actual Great War shows. Great job guys!

[@TheGreatWar]

thanks!

[@tannerdenny5430]

it's cause we all already know of The Somme and Gallipoli. I want that nitty-gritty.

[@chpet1655]

I agree that they came back to touch on this very important conflict speaks to their dedication. Speaking of the Italo-Ottoman war I always felt Italy did themselves a huge disservice by being aggressive with The Turks when they should have stuck with their partners in Europe and gone after French Colonies in North Africa after defeating the French with the Germans in 1914. Had Italy joined then there would have been no WW1 just another Continental war. Probably no Russian Revolution as the Germans would have dealt with the Russians after beating the French and the Czar would never have had to put his country under 3 years of warfare it would have been over in 2 tops.

[@John-pk9rw]

I mean you can’t blame someone who thinks Libyans are Arabs

[@ssww3]

@@TheGreatWar love you guys xoxo

[@samy7013]

Growing up, one of my classmates was a Libyan girl whose great-grandfather was a Libyan artilleryman in the Ottoman Army, who then joined the Libyan guerrillas after his artillery unit was disbanded, and who fought with them until the very end of the guerrilla campaign in 1931. He was one of the lucky ones to survive, despite being wounded multiple times.

[@tusaadrian7422]

Did he mutilate and torture Italians, who already surrendered, as well?

[@samy7013]

​@spindletea : Yes. Her family was well acquainted with the service of her great-grandfather, who was essentially their family patriarch. Even their family surname had changed during the years of the guerrilla campaign, as her great-grandfather earned a sobriquet associated with his artillery service. Because his guerrilla comrades so regularly referred to him by this particular sobriquet rather than by his original surname, this was eventually adopted by her great-grandfather (and by his descendants) as their new family name (although of course the family never forgot their original surname, they simply stopped using the old one).

[@frankali5203]

a true hero 👍

[@John-pk9rw]

I mean you can’t blame someone who thinks Libyans are Arabs

[@saqlainalvi3333]

Awesome guy

[@JasonSputnik]

As an Italian, thanks for covering this war in details. Even in Italy this conflict is barely mentioned and I didn't know much about it except the final outcome... No wonders now that I know what happened...

[@kapudanuderya]

Because in military terms it was a shame for Italy.

[@alviseossena3238]

Italy won but ok

[@kapudanuderya]

@@alviseossena3238 Italy didn't win in Libya. They forced the Turkish government to secede it by invading Dodecanese.

[@dayros2023]

Italy won and conquered Libya,Rhodes and the dodecanese. Learn a bit of history.

[@dayros2023]

Actually the war was well discussed as part of the scramble for africa and as a prelude of the balkans war that almost disintegrated the Ottoman empire, as the Italians showed that the empire was weak and couldn’t properly defend its territory. The war was also a clear Italian victory.

[@_ArsNova]

Love these longer specials about the more obscure peripheral conflicts before and after The Great War. They provide lots of vital context for the war and are fascinating to learn about. Great work as always Jesse and team. This might be heresy to say on this channel, but I actually prefer Jesse's straightforward and direct style of narration.

[@manufer2]

But would they then have joined the central powers in WWI? Be careful when using "if" 😉

[@electronparadox6630]

Agree about Jesse too

[@victortisme]

The former narrator made it harder to focus on the substance for the sake of some "epic" style. I dropped the original series because of this. The switch to Jesse made things substancially better from day 1 in my opinion. Most of all because a feeling of romanticisation is not in the best of taste for such topics.

[@Ezekiel903]

they should stop to use always British sources!!! this brings a only British view of the whole scenario, the same in the Turkish - Greco war video war

[@JohnDoe-yq9ml]

Well said.

[@meijiturtle3814]

A prime problem for the Ottomans was Britain's refusal to allow Ottoman reinforcements to transit Egyptian territory despite the fact that Egypt was nominally an Ottoman province under Britain's protection.

[@kasadam85]

Exactly

[@weylandyutani9622]

Brits have a reputation for being duplicitous

[@davidd.c.9344]

@@weylandyutani9622 Much like dealing with the French when it comes to their intrusive, self serving politics in Africa.

[@johncorrall1739]

@@weylandyutani9622 Countries don’t have friends,only interests.

[@ricardobimblesticks1489]

@@weylandyutani9622 Can you name a major nation that isn't duplicitous?

[@giorgiociaravolol1998]

My grand grandpa fought in this war, on the italian side. Some of the pictures I have from him are absolutely horrible, especially the ones with the Lybian civilians...but history is history and should be teached without filters and favoritisms towards one side or another. Grazie mille!

[@mlccrl]

My grandfather too was a soldier in Libian war. He was a NCO Sardegna grenadier. One beatiful day his platoon was ordered to search a group of bersaglieri which had been sent to scout the ground and never came back. My grandfather's platoon found them all slaughtered in an ambush. Their bodies had been cut in pieces probably still alive by the arabians. So once back at the military camp he purchased a small revolver to take always with him in order to kill himself if in dire straights.

[@awfan221]

Did he fight in the battle of Adwa in Ethiopia?

[@giorgiociaravolol1998]

@@awfan221 no, I think he never went to Ethiopia.

[@historyofitaly4364]

@@awfan221 you were in superiority in Ethiopia with russian and french support of guns. Not tell again Adwa there is 1936

[@orionxtc1119]

Turks are so prideful of all their military wins...

[@acosorimaxconto5610]

Great presentation Jesse and team. These wars that fed and followed WW1 are fascinating, showing how much WW1 was a continuation of events earlier than 1914 -- and continued beyond 1918

[@jliller]

"History doesn't happen in vacuum." -Indy Neidell (and others)

[@desert_jin6281]

Seconded, great job, thank you all for shedding light on the forgotten parts of public education !

[@cagriozkan1936]

After peace treaty Ottoman soldiers/officers had no way to coming back. So they kept fighting. There are lots officers' letters to home. And we know for sure ottoman officers' contunied to guerilla warfare more than a dacade. Last officer's letter contunied to came 27 years after the beginning of war(or after the peace treaty i dont remember which one). Rest in peace forgotten souls.

[@mertroll1]

Where can I read up on that ? Thats sounds really interesting!

[@blazodeolireta]

@@mertroll1 search the "Senussi campaign" for starters.

[@gigachad5599]

cope+seethe cockroach, Lepanto gang rules

[@abcd9283]

Can you give me a link to read those letters.

[@bilalbalci9862]

Aga ne anlatiyo tam olarak ingilizcem yok dikatimi cekti

[@CDSAfghan]

Using Cesar as a contemporary source is the most Italian thing ever.

[@jliller]

Benito Mussolini seen furiously taking notes.

[@giulianoilfilosofo7927]

We have more than 2 millenia of history, for us the notion of historical continuity is normal, for younger civilizations This may sound strange but not for us.

[@CDSAfghan]

@Giuliano il Filosofo Italy is 160yrs old, "historical continuity" 😂 you guys always with the jokes

[@giulianoilfilosofo7927]

@@CDSAfghan Italy is not 160 years old, Italy is a civilization, not a nation, like Germany and Japan. Their history trascends the notion of Nation in the post Revolutionary sense.

[@giulianoilfilosofo7927]

@@CDSAfghan I repeat the concept, Probably your limited intellectual capabilities prevent you from understanding it so you have to resort to emoticons and crying faces to make a point. ITALY IS A CIVILIZATION. CIVILIZATION differs from NATION. This same definition applies to other countries which eventually had to give themselves the structure of a Nation state. The concept of Italia is as old as the Etruscans and the First greek colonies, and a political unification already existed under the Ostrogoths, the Holy Roman Empire, without counting Dante,Guicciardini, Machiavelli and their writings, including the last Chapter of the Prince. The only Countries Which had a similar historical experience are Germany and Japan, in fact they both achieved Nation State Form in the late 19th century. So your argument is invalid, and based on pure ignorance.

[@woden22]

Fantastic documentary. Oddly, one of the great accounts of this largely-forgotten war, was by the Italian Futurist poet, Marinetti, whose avant-garde poem, Zang Tung Tumb, which contains a piece called "The Siege of Adrionople", and was among the first literary works to experiment widely with syntax, typography and imagery. I highly recommend it for anyone wanting to learn more about this particular moment in history.

[@diegopettini6101]

Ogni cinque secondi, cannoni d'assedio sventrare spazio, con un accordo

[@Baengert]

I wasn't sure if I liked your story-driven narrations of the wars, but it turns out you're my favorite history channel now. Really appreciate the quality content with the deep understanding! Keep it on!

[@ViralKinesis]

Aw yeah! Glory And Defeat got me extremely excited for pre-WW1 content. Keep up the excellent work!

[@TheGreatWar]

Great, there is more pre-WW1 to come in 2022. Next up in January: Russo-Japanese War. But of course we will also cover more 1922 events as well. In February, we will revisit the Russian Civil War.

[@flyingcow4194]

The Great War will you cover the Egyptian revolution of 1919 and the 1922 unilateral declaration of Egyptian “independence” by the British in 1922?

[@ViralKinesis]

@@TheGreatWar My heart began pounding with excitement for the Russian events you mentioned. I look forward to it!

[@Ezekiel903]

@@TheGreatWar i would like to see more about the British defeat, because when it comes to British you tells some glorious storys, even the humiliating retreat from Dünnkirchen you turned it in a big successfully retreat!!! you need a more objective view, not mentioning always British sources, even during the Greco-Turkish wars you mentioned always British sources, would be great to hear Turkish, Greeks sources, or German and others!

[@JohnFlower-NZ]

Yet here we are, typing in English. Those who win write history. I agree that it'd be interesting to hear more quotes from a variety of sources.

[@joshuawatkins4487]

My Great-Great Grandfather fought in this war on the Italian side in the 86 Reggimento Fanteria. We still have postcards that he wrote back home. Several years later, he would be called to serve again in WW1.

[@davecompton5847]

My grandmother's father was from Italy and fought in the 8th Reggimento Bersaglieri which among others seized Derna at the very beginning of the Campaign. Six years later he was with the AEF to fight the Germans in the Argonnes! very lucky class! interesting video thanks for posting. Cheers from Virginia.

[@siciliaussieguy]

My great grandfather fought into this war and for the bersaglieri in ww1

[@giansala7409]

Ciao da Italia !

[@fabriziocoppola6519]

My grandfather was a Bersagliere too!

[@ELVIS1975T]

I'm a Turkish citizen and this war has always been a part of our curriculums from primary to high school but it's usually given about half a page. I've never seen so much detail before in any school books or documentaries. Thank you for enlightening.

[@burak4254]

olmaz mı ya..çok detaylı anlatılmıştır bir çok kitapta,senin eksiğin olmuş

[@ELVIS1975T]

@@burak4254 Okul kitaplarından bahsediyorum. Şimdi nasıl bilmiyorum. Benim dönemimde öyleydi

[@franz490]

Curricula (o scrivi bene in latino oppure scrivi in inglese )

[@faso4800]

@@franz490 he used curriculum correctly but you are not able to respond him in english :D

[@thenoobgameplays]

If the Spanish Civil War was a trial for the Second World War, the Italo-Turkish War and the Balkan Wars of 1912-14 could be interpreted as a trial for the Great War?

[@TheGreatWar]

sure, there is also an academic push to regard the period 1911-1923 as The Greater War.

[@thenoobgameplays]

@@TheGreatWar thanks. Never heard of that designation/term before.

[@thenoobgameplays]

@@TheGreatWar btw, there's the term of th period of 1914-45 as a Secord Thirty Years War. Do you guys think that is right?

[@captainbackflash]

@@thenoobgameplays I just wanted to mention that!

[@mikepette4422]

and the Balkan Wars too !

[@jdewitt77]

My father's uncle served in this war in the Italian Army as a first lieutenant and won the Silver Medal For Military Valor. He was a career officer who retired many years later as a Brigadier General.

[@67claudius]

@@awfan221 For fighting in the Battle of Adwa, his father's uncle should have been born about 150 years ago, which is therefore unlikely. More likely he fought in the Second Ethiopian War

[@stevebarrett9357]

These pre-Great War videos are historical gems. In school, historians tended to sum them up in one or two lines and jump into the Great War itself. Thanks very much for producing these.

[@dragosstanciu9866]

Excellent work in highlighting this forgotten war.

[@christianstahl4099]

Einmal mehr ein informativer Beitrag über einen weniger bekannten Krieg. Sehr gut!

[@ihhaahhhhhaaa]

I love how you meticulously list your sources in these videos. Another great video!

[@costante_3196]

Simpatici voi anglosassoni..Questa del 1911 fu l'ultima guerra coloniale? :-) perchè quella vostra in Kenia negli anni cinquanta cos'era? la guerra degli USA nelle Filippine?

[@matteobrandi7541]

Dialogare con uno statunitense o un inglese riguardo l' Italia é impresa divina.

[@TheGreatWar]

Watch this video ad-free on Nebula: nebula.tv/videos/the-great-war-foreshadowing-ww1-italoturkish-war-19111912-i-the-great-war

[@knightoflight8249]

Can we hope for a First and Second Balkan War follow up series? I would like to know more about the political and national aims of the four Balkan League members, the international reaction of the wars from the Great Powers perspective (Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, & Italy), a brief mention of the Greek-Ottoman Naval Arms Race, a actual mention of the naval battles performed by the Greek and Ottoman Navies in the first war (A mention of whether they contributed to British and German Naval doctrine like what happened in the Russo-Japanese War). The major battles fought between the Bulgarian and Ottoman Armies such as the Siege of Adrianople. As well as a in-depth explanation of the behind the scenes actions (political intrigue) that lead to the Second Balkan War from both sides. And of course an overview of atrocities performed on both sides during both conflicts.

[@crumbum2]

I believe you have mislabeled a town in Libya as 'Tobruk', around the 6 min mark. Could you please edit the notes on the video if this is the case? Normally the history of this site is top notch, I'm sure its just an oversight.

[@FirstNameLastName-tg3rc]

What was the music at 12:00?

[@andrewphillips8341]

Sweetheart it is just 'Canadian author' stop trying to divide people.

[@georgedoolittle7574]

"wireless communication" and Marconi.

[@reidarkelstrup]

I had always heard of the 1st and 2nd Balkan Wars, but had never heard of this one. Great job drawing attention to a forgotten conflict.

[@tommy-er6hh]

The 1st Balkan war started as a direct result of this Italo-Ottoman one, the Italians pushed the Balkans to revolt/conquer, and the NEXT DAY the Ottomans ended the Italian war.

[@DelijeSerbia]

@@tommy-er6hh It would have happened anyway, just maybe not at that exact moment. There were uprising against Turks all the time in the Balkans and some countries were already formed by rebellion against Ottomans. Liberation of the rest of the Balkans was just a matter of time.

[@parabelluminvicta8380]

@@DelijeSerbia thats not true and stop undermining the italians you must thank them

[@DelijeSerbia]

@@parabelluminvicta8380 what is not true? Ottoman empire was already in decline before this war. Half of the Balkan was already independent and the other half was just waiting for liberation and had multiple rebellions. The Italian war just ment that it was the right time to strike, but even if it didnt happen the Balkan nations would attack Ottomans to finish the liberation.

[@Milossinchubure]

@@parabelluminvicta8380 it would happen anyway but probably with much more casualties on Balkan allies side, so thank you Italy.

[@davidjernigan8161]

Another great video Jessie, and everyone else involved in production and research.

[@tonytony1035]

Absolutely outstanding. This is so far above anything I have ever seen on KZbin. An absolute revelation. Outstanding work, fully referenced. No hype and no BS. I am now a subscriber and will be clicking on all ads. Thank you for real education on obscure events.

[@ramazanhzal1391]

As far as i know from my highschool classes, ottoman send only the officers to Libya in order to reorganise locals against Italy. They couldn't send troops because of no land connection. There were small divisions but not enough for war. Yet salute to all nameless souls.

[@indefiniteabyss1257]

Didnt they have ships? Sounds like losers excuse

[@batuhankara672]

@@indefiniteabyss1257 the italians and greeks captured the islands and the ottoman navy was burned by the russians

[@batuhankara672]

What can be the excuse, you are fighting 10 different nations in just 10 years

[@nedimdegirmenci6]

We didn't have powerful warships. It was not possible to send troops without protection of warships when Italian Navy was blockaging shores. There were only 5000 Turkish soldiers in Libya.

[@inferioraim]

Great in depth documentary! Love that you covered it in 1 episode

[@brainyskeletonofdoom7824]

The father of my grandmother was there, he was an Alpino. Quite an interesting tale.

[@BountyFlamor]

Sounds like he was a bit out of place there.

[@salsaniggas8544]

Mountain troops are always needed

[@briangarrow448]

Fascinating content! He appreciate the research done to compose this segment. Well done, gang. Well done 👍

[@TheGreatWar]

Much appreciated!

[@Galvaxatron]

Once again, as has become tradition now, I must give you full praise for really truly making every effort to pronounce the names and words of whatever language you are covering. You are a consummate professional.

[@jessealexander2695]

Thanks!

[@AimForMyHead81]

This war really highlighted how far behind the Ottomans were when it came to industry and technology. The Italians absolutely eviscerated them with planes and airships.

[@danielefabbro822]

Nobody's knows it, but we Italians invented Aerial warfare. Before this war, aircrafts was not considered as a weapon. After this war, every country in the world started looking at airplanes as an instrument to support armies during their advance. Italians are pioneers of modern war. 😤

[@kuvikina]

Nobody knows it but we Turks downed first bomber/fighter aircraft in history!

[@Alesxandros]

​@@kuvikina turks are the first bombed by aircraft people in rhe world...nobody knows 🇮🇹💪

[@torjeagersenvigmostad7135]

Would it be possible for you at some point to make documentaries about the Senucci and Persian campaigns of WW1? The coverage in the "Week by Week"-series of these campaigns was to sporadic to get any clear picture about their dynamics, and I think many of the fans would greatly appreciate a more detailed presentation of them. As always, great episode, love the work you guys are doing!

[@poiuyt975]

4:15 "Austria-Hungary wanted stability in the Balkans" That quote didn't age well. :D

[@TheGreatWar]

aged like Conrad von Hötzendorffs legacy

[@TheGreatWar]

aged like Conrad von Hötzendorffs legacy

[@marcl.1346]

The Great War is my favorite channel of all the chronological war channels purely because it tells (and tells very well) the story of more obscure lesser-known conflicts.

[@stnylan]

It is excellent to see you guys devoting time and resources to all the lesser known conflicts pre and post WW1 (and indeed, the lesser theatres during WW1 when you were covering the "main event" as it were).

[@GunDrummer]

Just found this channel and having a great time with it. Thank you

[@eisentzgruppe]

My great grandfather fought in this war (subsequentely also in WWI). My girlfriend’s grandfather fought in this war too and received a gold medal pour le mérite - one of the few to reiceive it still alive. There are a couple of statues here in Italy to remember his action (1 in Milan and 1 in Merano)

[@cordial001]

You guys do such a great job with your videos. Always a pleasure to watch

[@handsomegeorgianbankrobber3779]

16:40 Giuseppe Rossi is like the most generic Italian name imagineable, kind of like being called John Smith. And funnily enough its also the name of an Italian footballer.

[@awfan221]

Multiple Italian footballers are called Giuseppe Rossi. Unfortunately none of them amounted to anything major

[@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014]

Or French: François Tremblay, or Spanish Garcia Hernandez

[@grpelo]

Mario Rossi is more generic

[@haticealbayrak2387]

In turkish mehmet yilmaz

[@ItalyHistoryXxX]

😂true. I from Italy, Rossi in my nation is a adress most generic,but the name most generic is Mario. Sorry for my english😅. Bye Bro

[@rtrident4803]

another great video from the team! Awesome work!

[@PolyglotBikepacker]

As a historian I cannot praise this channel highly enough. Excellent work!

[@amonferrari]

Each episode a pearl! Congrats Jesse and Team!

[@shawngilliland243]

Superb video of the conflict! I found the description of some of the - hitherto unknown to me! - first use of aircraft in war fascinating! The Italian use of torpedo boats was skillful as well. Thank you for another great Great War learning experience!

[@jessealexander2695]

You're welcome.

[@patricksanchez3142]

Sublime work you guys, can t express how much I m enjoying your channel. Keep it up with the great job!

[@tatianafrangopoulou421]

Excellent work once again! Thank you Great War team!

[@MomentsInTrading]

I found this channel about 2 weeks ago from Vlogging Through History. I started on the 1st video and so far have watched over 60 of them, including about 10 just yesterday. Really enjoying the series a lot!!!

[@manufer2]

Be careful, I started watching in 2015 and now I just can't wait for the next video. Highly addictive.

[@TheStraha216]

I did not know much about this war, especially with how much significance it had on history. Thanks for creating and sharing.

[@jessealexander2695]

You're welcome.

[@sayit462]

I,m Polish rather old 60 + and I never heared about this War. And I know my history. So I thought. Thanx You never to old to learn. I don,t give "likes" any more since YT is censoring

[@alexwendler5479]

Great work! Loved to hear how great powers influenced the course of the war!

[@Lukastar1]

Awesome video, I’ve never really known much about this conflict!

[@indianajones4321]

Such an awesome video Great War team!

[@last_week_with_diogo_br8386]

I been waiting for this thanks to the great War channel.

[@davidwoody5228]

Excellent coverage. I had never heard of this war! Thanks!

[@kyrgyzsanjar]

Another excellent material on little know pages of the history. I expect nothing less from TGW channel! Much love to you guys!

[@samy7013]

This is an excellent documentary about an often-overlooked war. Thank you for making this video!

[@brianthomas8125]

Well done. I read "Box of Sand", and was amazed about the cooperation between Pollio and Caneva. Still, they had communication gaps fortunately, Regia Marina utterly trounced the Ottomans at sea. Another interesting point is that the great Diaz cut his teeth by being wounded at Zanzur and developed strategical ideas focusing primarily on speed and innovation.

[@peterfeeney721]

Absolutely superb presentation! Your vocal cadence and tone are engaging and admirably supported by your images.

[@joshuacordero8163]

Amazing episode, learned a lot!!

[@michaelmayo3127]

As always a great presentation.

[@jimcronin2043]

Excellent presentation and topic selection of an important but forgotten piece of history. Well done!

[@billkarathanassis4508]

This is a very well-resourced and compact study that makes us understand more about world tensions that even remain today.

[@dougjohnson5487]

Excellent video on a forgotten war. I saw the movie "Lion of the Desert" with Anthony Quinn who played Omar Mukhtar in the 1980 film. The only film I know made about the war. It was criticized at the time since Kahdafi provided the financing.

[@operator9858]

Great film.

[@Leucemia29]

“Lion of the desert” wasn’t about that war,it was about the italian “war” against libyan guerrilla in the ‘20s leaded by Rodolfo Graziani

[@stephanl1983]

@@Leucemia29 the rebellion was a continuation If the war of 1911-12. The local Arabs never stopped fighting against the Italians. Like France Had in Morroco, Italy had a lot of problems when they reduced their troops in Africa to fight in WW1. They Just could defend the coastal regions of Libya, the Arabs recapture all of its interior the Italians Had captured prior to 1915. Italy had also a lot of internal difficulties after 1918. When Mussolini became the Duce, He want to rebuild the Roman Empire, so one of his first decissions was to send more troops to Lybia.

[@user-dl1bs6lm1g]

Well, its propagandistic nature and the Arab nationalist ideals behind it are quite obvious to say the least.

[@cyphicle]

Great job, congratulations to the team. I find very interesting the succession of the words "necessity" and "appetite", a greed can be publicly justified by a promoter as a necessary step forward to make. The balance of the powers on the European scene was indeed so complex before 1914 that even the behaviour of a single ally in a set of alliances could be a trouble for the whole structure of security in Europe. WWI was not unavoidable at that stage but yet, the decades lasting stability was shaken.

[@CatotheE]

An important war that’s often overlooked! Great and informative video!

[@1LSWilliam]

Really solid analysis. Thank you.

[@MrDmuny944]

Fantastic I never knew of this conflict and I’m glad I learned something new!

[@pokefan-ix7sh]

The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War (Turkish: Trablusgarp Savaşı, "Tripolitanian War", Italian: Guerra di Libia, "War of Libya") was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from 29 September 1911, to 18 October 1912. As a result of this conflict, Italy captured the Ottoman Tripolitania Vilayet, of which the main sub-provinces were Fezzan, Cyrenaica, and Tripoli itself. These territories became the colonies of Italian Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, which would later merge into Italian Libya. During the conflict, Italian forces also occupied the Dodecanese islands in the Aegean Sea. Italy agreed to return the Dodecanese to the Ottoman Empire in the Treaty of Ouchy[10] in 1912. However, the vagueness of the text, combined with subsequent adverse events unfavourable to the Ottoman Empire (the outbreak of the Balkan Wars and World War I), allowed a provisional Italian administration of the islands, and Turkey eventually renounced all claims on these islands in Article 15 of the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne.[11] Although minor, the war was a precursor of the First World War as it sparked nationalism in the Balkan states. Seeing how easily the Italians had defeated the weakened Ottomans, the members of the Balkan League attacked the Ottoman Empire starting the First Balkan War before the war with Italy had ended.[12] The Italo-Turkish War saw numerous technological changes, most notably the use of airplanes in combat. On 23 October 1911, an Italian pilot, Capitano Carlo Piazza, flew over Turkish lines on the world's first aerial reconnaissance mission,[13] and on 1 November, the first ever aerial bomb was dropped by Sottotenente Giulio Gavotti, on Turkish troops in Libya, from an early model of Etrich Taube aircraft.[14] The Turks, lacking anti-aircraft weapons, were the first to shoot down an airplane by rifle fire.[15] Another use of new technology was a network of wireless telegraphy stations established soon after the initial landings.[16] Guglielmo Marconi himself came to Libya to conduct experiments with the Italian Corps of Engineers.

[@clintfalk]

I'm giving you thumbs down for trying to sound clever and explain the same topic that this video covers. If you want the glory, you need to have made a video about it, instead of spouting off your knowledge in the comments section.

[@dodderythedromedary6890]

@@clintfalk He litteraly just copy-pasted the Wikipedia article lol.

[@1991jerzy]

I wait for this topic for long time. Thanks.

[@harrycarter1722]

This is a gem. Thank you!

[@pbosustow]

Thank you so much for posting this. My great grandfather and great uncle fought for Italy in this war. My great grandfather died of illness he picked up in Libya. Apart from that I knew nothing about it. Keep up the great work featuring lesser known conflicts.

[@manzelli1981]

Hopefully your family has some letters/journals etc from your great grandfather and great uncle. The perspective of the fighting men would be fascinating when compared to the grand statements from the generals and diplomats.

[@pbosustow]

@@manzelli1981 Unfortunately nothing like that has survived, but yes the foot soldier's perspective is always fascinating.

[@sdbentrup]

I wonder how many wars have been fought throughout history where the invaders "expected to be welcomed as liberators"? We seem to never learn. Thanks for this video, such great information! Hopefully you do the other prelude to WWI, the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913.

[@mikepalmer2219]

The saying that there is never a just war has a lot of meaning.

[@giors5329]

A lot.. I believe is more for propaganda..

[@theillusiveman2139]

Well, in WW1 a lot of arabs fought against ottoman empire, that' s not strange

[@muysli.y1855]

@@theillusiveman2139 they was not dissatisfied like Libyian ppl they was just greedy and at the end they lost everything (Karma)

[@ELVIS1975T]

@@muysli.y1855 Türksün belli :)

[@followme8238]

Thank you, this was very informative and very well organized and presented

[@joshuaworman4022]

oh damn i have been wanting pre ww1 material since i found this channel. so many unanswered questions i hope to now get context for.

[@blessedheavyelements8544]

Thank you for all the hard work to bring history to life. I can't imagine the work and effort. Best Regards and Best Wishes!

[@abg927]

Enver Bey ve Mustafa Kemal Bey, ruhlarınız şad olsun...

[@jmdi2703]

Enver is an idiot but Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is most respectful and genius leader of the 20th century!

[@onurongun5010]

Amin.

[@futboltime12]

Amin

[@larisabadiu5600]

Amin🙏

[@raveman7]

super awesome channel -- great job guys keep up the great work in the content.. love this stuff!!

[@jensnieper8676]

Very interesting presentation! Thanks!

[@CacklingAntagonist]

I'd consider myself a history Buff but I knew absolutely nothing about this conflict. Really fascinating, thanks for the video!

[@John-pk9rw]

I mean you can’t blame someone who thinks Libyans are Arabs

[@mikepette4422]

Highly recommend MacMillans "Paris: 1919" this was the book i read to get a real understanding about the war

[@earltaylor1893]

I learned something new… again. This channel is great for that!

[@j.a.emmanueltemplemann5627]

Thank you for this vid, Really well done

[@Autobotmatt428]

Awesome I am looking forward to more pre ww1 content.

[@T_Mo271]

Excellent presentation. I like the all-in-one format, it suits events of moderate size and complexity.

[@jcasma]

It's incredible how content with this quality is available for free

[@DOUGLAS55ish]

I have studied history most of my 67 years of living but this is the first time I have heard of this conflict. You learn something new every day.

[@chadwickciampo3634]

Love these longer episodes. But also really like the shorter ones for a quick break. I can't tell you how much I have learned through your many series. Thank you.

[@glitchtastic759]

Literally the storyline of Dune. The whole first book that is. Especially the part about the saracini

[@angriff69]

Thank you. A very brilliant, sharp documentary

[@zeothorn]

Great history lesson thanks for making this and i hope you will continue with more.Outstanding

[@ansosboy8687]

I like how Ottoman Empire can mobilize their diverse Army is quite similar like the British Empire

[@pluto-9047]

The keyword is: Islam.

[@felixsteiner8320]

@@pluto-9047 there is no keyword. Ottoman Army was a multinational army because the ottoman state was a multinational state. Most of the "conscripted" Arabs didnt wanna fight and die for the Empire. As we saw in the last stages of the battle of gaza and in the other arabian fronts in ww1 (and also in the gallipoli as the Mustafa Kemal Pasha reported about the unwillingliness of the Arabian regiments and that they were incompetence). And mass arabian deserters in the army and the rebels attacking the flanks of the ottoman army from the desert led to the wholly withdrawal of the palestine and syria. We stopped the Brits for 2 years in the western palestine. "Islam" didnt stopped neither the Brits nor the Arabian rebelliance in there.

[@pluto-9047]

@@felixsteiner8320 Then why did Muslim fundamentalists from around the world and from different racial and cultural backgrounds join ISIS? Or why did Muslims the world over celebrate the reopening of Hagia Sophia as a mosque in Turkey? Or Why American declared-jihad against the Soviets in Afghanistan had Muslim men come out of the woodwork in droves? As for the Arab revolt against the Ottomans that was a divide and conquer ploy by Britain and everybody knows now. During the Spanish Civil War, Nationalists spread a rumor in the Moroccan Riff that Franco converted to Islam and needed the natives help in fighting the Godless Republicans, and they did join the war and perpetrated untold horror in the Iberian Peninsula! You were right though about Arab inherent incompetence.

[@HP_lovecrafts_cat67]

@@felixsteiner8320 But didn’t islam help with cooperation with the several muslim inhabitants during the wars?

[@starcapture3040]

@@felixsteiner8320 Say atajew who fled from damascus without shooting one bullet go back to your cave atheist your lies don't work anymore

[@azamkhan1526]

the first use of anti aircraft gun was used in this war by a ottoman soldier and Allama Iqbal wrote on peotry on this war: Jhalakti Hai Teri Ummat Ki Aabru Iss Mein Tarablas Ke Shaheedon Ka Hai Lahoo Iss Mein See here, oh Lord, the honour of your people brimming up! The martyred blood of Tripoli, oh Lord, is in this cup.’

[@blockmasterscott]

Wow, I never heard of this war. Well, another reason to love your channel!

[@AJ-et3vf]

Awesome video! Thank you!

[@MPF5856]

the italo-turkish war showed to the world that the ottoman empire was weak and undeveloped. This allowed the balkan powers to wage the first balkan war against the ottomans and push them from their balkan territories

[@aeliusromanus9338]

Italian unification in 1871? That's German unification. Italian's one was in 1861. Also, it would be more accurate to say Ottoman - Italian war. Turkey, as we know nowadays, starts in 1921 or so, I'm not sure about the year, with Atatürk. If I'm wrong, please correct me.

[@fandemusique4693]

The completion of italian unification was in 1871 with the annexion of the remaining Papal States and Rome by the kingdom of Italy.

[@aeliusromanus9338]

@@fandemusique4693 ok, I'll check on that, tks.

[@sktt1488]

@@aeliusromanus9338 arabs were conscripted in military only in ww1...

[@BulanGoldstein]

Ottoman Empire was known as Turkey in Europe and MENA. Actually Ottoman Empire is an exonym. The Ottoman Empire did not have a name, and it was simply called as “Devlet-i Âlîyye” which means “The Sublime State”. Sometimes it was used as “Devlet-i Alîyye-i Osmânîyye” which means “The Sublime State of Ottomans”. Another name was “Devlet-i Ebed-Müddet” or “Devlet-i Alîyye-i Ebedpeyvend” which both means “The Eternal State” (the second one means “The Eternal Sublime State”).

[@micheleciccotosto2728]

@@fandemusique4693 Yes but Unification of Italy was proclaimed in 5 of may 1861

[@mleite2006]

Amazing knowledge. Thank you for share.

[@manuelapollo7988]

I was waiting for this!