Thermoregulation | Homeostasis of Temperature |

Thermoregulation is a mechanism by which mammals maintain body temperature with tightly controlled self-regulation independent of external temperatures. Temperature regulation is a type of homeostasis and a means of preserving a stable internal temperature in order to survive.
The average person has a baseline temperature between 98°F (37°C) and 100°F (37.8°C). Your body has some flexibility with temperature. However, if you get to the extremes of body temperature, it can affect your body’s ability to function. For example, if your body temperature falls to 95°F (35°C) or lower, you have “hypothermia.” This condition can potentially lead to cardiac arrest, brain damage, or even death. If your body temperature rises as high as 107.6°F (42 °C), you can suffer brain damage or even death.
How does thermoregulation work?
When your internal temperature changes, sensors in your central nervous system (CNS) send messages to your hypothalamus. In response, it sends signals to various organs and systems in your body. They respond with a variety of mechanisms.
If your body needs to cool down, these mechanisms include:
Sweating: Your sweat glands release sweat, which cools your skin as it evaporates. This helps lower your internal temperature.
Vasodilatation: The blood vessels under your skin get wider. This increases blood flow to your skin where it is cooler - away from your warm inner body. This lets your body release heat through heat radiation.
If your body needs to warm up, these mechanisms include:
Vasoconstriction: The blood vessels under your skin become narrower. This decreases blood flow to your skin, retaining heat near the warm inner body.
Thermogenesis: Your body’s muscles, organs, and brain produce heat in a variety of ways. For example, muscles can produce heat by shivering.
Hormonal thermogenesis: Your thyroid gland releases hormones to increase your metabolism. This increases the energy your body creates and the amount of heat it produces.
For more detail watch complete video.
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Increased Metabolism: Heating of tissues accelerates the chemical changes i.e. metabolism. Due to increased body temperature, sympathetic activities are also increased. Because of increased sympathetic activities, hormones like Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Cortisol, Thyroid hormones are released which accelerate the metabolic rate. As a result of increased metabolism.

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