Herodotus on Ancient Africa: There is no Sub-Saharan

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Herodotus' ethnography of north Africa is at 4.168-197, which he refers to as "Libya" (see 4.36-45 on how he divides the continents). Which of the dozens of people he lists are "Black" is unclear. In addition to Aethipians [note: the "cave dwelling Aethiopians are listed as living in western African mountains and are hunted by the Garamantes], there are the Ammoniana, the Mauretanians, and the Atarantes, which are all likely "Black." In 4.197, Herodotus says: "The are the people of the Libyans we are able to name. Most of them do not worry about the Persian king in the present nor did they earlier. I am able to say this much about the land: there are four tribes [note: "tribes" = Greek ethnea, while the dozens of names he gives are "peoples" who self identify within these ethnea] that inhabit Libya and no more than that. That much I know. Two of them are indigenous [Greek = authochthones] and two are not. The Libyans, who live in the north and the Aithiopians, who live in the south [south = southern portion of north Africa] are indigenous; The Phoenicians and Greeks are immigrants [ immigrants = Greek epeludes]. Herodotus' understanding of geography makes clear that all of these people live in what is today north of the Sahara and west of Egypt, which he considers a separate space and which also has Aethiopians.

[@matamatosa8898]

Libya according to Herodtous Map of africa includes most of Centeral africa and not the modern borders of the country named Libya so its expected that south libyans would be Black and North Libyans would be white since south libya is actually part of sub saharan africa while North Libya was pupolated by the North africans. encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQk67NJABo_v18lbcsJF5MiJAXYWlUWnR4et0U0KvJgutNHWERL6Pun4c5N&s=10

[@noctiscaelum9845]

Herotodus tried to rewrite history and Egyptian library was the primary source when the Greeks ruled the known world, had to put their name on everything. They desecrated Egyptian statues, by smashing them because they had "black" noses, trying to erase that black people even existed, which is obviously overt racism. The sub Saharan climate was different thousands of years ago, it was a grassland with bodies of water, rivers and lakes, after the last interglacial period. Lesson: don't use the term subsaharan.

[@MarkVrem]

I guess we are gonna have to stop using the term "Sub-Saharan" and start saying "West African" Or Senegal River. I don't want to say South African because there is possibly also a cultural difference at this time between the hunter-gatherers of the South Africa area, and the more "civilized" Bantu's further north that is more pastoral. Not sure where agriculture mixes in with all this, but Agriculture was not as efficient back then as it is today, so if the people practiced it around Senegal, Niger rivers, or the river systems around the marshes near Lake Victoria it might have needed to be supported by pastoral activities as well. Would really be interesting to hear from an actual expert who studies African history beyond Egypt and Ethiopia. lol.

[@MarkVrem]

@@matamatosa8898 Yes there was a Kingdom that bordered Egypt and also during Roman times, pretty much Lybia. They were horrible people from what I read if we judge them by our standards. One of their sports were hunting the people south of them I believe they called them "Ethiopians". They would chase them down with chariots and the Ethiopians would run and hide in caves. Inside the caves they found the artwork of depictions of the Chariot hunts. I remember the Lybian King and either the Egyptians or Romans got into an argument because I think the Egyptians were freely trading with this "Sub-Saharan" culture. The Lybians were mad because they considered that culture as their subject or possession, and wanted the trade going thru them. Something in that essence at least, been a few years since I read that on like Wikipedia lol.

[@stephenlenz8789]

Biden won the election fair and square, Clinton's are salt of the earth type people and blacks wuz kings. Just except it racists.

[@vanbeet5105]

The late Cheikh Anta Diop put it aptly when he said that they define white in the broadest sense possible so as to try to accommodate as much civilizations as possible for themselves, while defining blackness in the narrowest sense so as to limit it only to those south of the sahara, even at times defining it even narrower to certain language groups e.g Bantus.

[@BF-bb5us]

So true

[@amorlaluna]

Absolutely!

[@deborahtucker4900]

@@francisgalton2678 Not true. Blacks come in various hues. Here in the USA, if you had "one" drop of black blood, you were BLACK. Perfect example was Rosa Parks who was classified as black and arrested for sitting in the "white" section. Plenty of other examples... So your statement is false. At one time, the Italians were not considered "white". Now that the white population is declining.."black/brown" is the new white. Well, I reject the "new" definition of "whiteness".

[@raidermanic872]

@@deborahtucker4900 exactly

[@gregorythomassr5485]

@@francisgalton2678 slow much??

[@kofighana5872]

Why should a different race write the story of Africa... Ask us and we will tell you who we really are. I am from the Northern part of Ghana and we trace our ancestral backgrounds back to East of Chad, then from there it goes back to Old Ghana Empire. ... If you think they never wrote anything down then you are deceiving yourselves... We used symbols which no one can interprets without the indigenous people

[@lulittilahun9880]

secondworldwarethiopia.blogspot.com/2012/03/history-of-ancient-africa-in-geez.html?m=1

[@youcantknoweveragain2364]

she is talking about before those Empires....Africa is a Roman word....Africa wasn't called Africa and continents weren't continents back then

[@kofighana5872]

@@youcantknoweveragain2364 okay.. But they should not rewrite our history without getting to know the true indigenous people of the nile...

[@ZAMIRFILMS]

Thank you!!!

[@kevinstreet5709]

@@kofighana5872 you can't rewrite that which has not been written

[@janahYT]

Yes my father told me that a longtime ago we were from East Africa in Kemet/Egyptos but our people escape from Kemet to West Africa because we were persecuted by the Romans. He said we were killed daily. We have oral stories and song that describes what happened during this time. One day I wish to compile all these songs and oral stories and share them with all my people. I think that something that has to be done.

[@Taharqo.saved.the.Hebrew]

Do share those stories I need to hear them

[@NoahBodze]

You all can’t find your immediate lineages that DEFINITELY go to west Africa but somehow you all sense you’re from Egypt, a place you had NO WAY of getting to at that time! You know you’re lying in a language someone else gave you and can understand when you’re lying, right?

[@AfroPick82]

​@@NoahBodzeYou're just a lie lovin' Racist

[@Kiki_smith]

I’ll love to hear them.

[@skp8748]

​@@Kiki_smithits pure nonsense

[@SubvertTheState]

The first term she found referencing 'Sub-Saharan Africa' is 1978? That one blew my mind.

[@atibakojo3478]

Really.

[@bubbag8895]

Greeks didn't speak English.. what else would you expect?

[@paulmahsahn1766]

​@@bubbag8895 point is it was not referenced in any language until 1978.

[@YallNotWhite_YourPINK]

​@@bubbag8895people lose brain cells just talking too you 😂

[@darknoble1151]

this is a favorite of modern egyptians...I just brought this up recently in a discussion. Sub saharan today is used to describe what some believe are "african" or "black" features. What they also fail to realize is that these feartures aren't the same even among those "sub saharans"

[@NotAnnaJones]

Not now, but it was 2000 years ago.

[@pacifront83]

@@NotAnnaJones no it wasnt, you dunce

[@Judahscattered4corners-d4g]

​@@NotAnnaJonesWrong

[@NotAnnaJones]

@@Judahscattered4corners-d4g Not wrong. DNA and the archeological record prove this.

[@CandySlim501]

Upper "Egypt" is considered the land to the SOUTH, as the Nile River flows from south to North and to my understanding that's how the ancient people categorized it initially. It's the eurocentric mapping of the world that has ppl thinking upper Egypt is in the north but the ancient ppl called interior Africa 'upper' as the Nile flows from the mountains of Tanzania and Uganda DOWN to Egypt. So it's most logical that the civilization(s) started in the south and flowed down the river (up north) as the rivers buoyancy allowed ppl to set sail down the river (north) and CONTINUE to create and develop from the civilization that that started in the interior like the ancient ppl of Egypt themselves said. See Dr. Joseph Ben Jochannan, Ashrwa Kwesi, Anthony Browder, Dr. Cheik Anta Diop, Martin Bernal and others

[@momo_5193]

Thankyou this makes so much sense unlike many so called historians

[@Sema-Tawy]

Yes Upper Egypt is South Egypt and Lower Egypt is North Egypt as per the flow of the nile, but that doesn’t mean that it started with the sources of the Nile 6500 km away. For Ancient Egyptians, Egypt is divided in 2: Upper (from the southern border with Nubia starting from the first cataract in Aswan to the beginning of the delta area and Lower from Delta to the Mediterranean in the North. Ancient Egyptians called Egypt “the Two Lands” and king was referred to as Nesw (Upper), Bity (Lower) means king of the Two Lands (each part had its own crown, red Upper and white Lower combined in one crown) and each had its own sign en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenomen_(Ancient_Egypt) Ancient Egyptians recognized their southern border and their southern enemies as Nubia, which they called Nehs So since the beginning of their civilization and during the first dynasties, these were their land and they didn’t recognize or mention any parts further south.

[@patriciadegross5418]

@@Sema-Tawy Still, it doesn't change the fact that ancient Egyptians were black

[@Sema-Tawy]

@@patriciadegross5418 On the contrary dear, they were never black, actually all skin shades existed in Egypt as indigenous people except for blacks who were either enemies or war slaves and that’s the Ancient Egyptians opinion as depicted on their temple walls, Tombs, papyrus. I guess i have to believe the Ancient Egyptians themeselves and DNA tests not just some lies from some insignificant wanabes, culture vultures, who have no history, no dignity and very low selfesteem and only make fool of themselves that the whole world is laughing at them and every race is fed up of their lies and how they try to leach on other races history. They are just a pathetic bunch of idiots.

[@mannataylor8002]

​@@Sema-Tawy That shows how much you know, Nubia was home to multiple groups. So when you say Egyptians were at war with Southern enemies Nubia, which Nubian groups are you referring to? When they went to war with Nubians they had help from other Nubian groups so who specifically are you talking about?

[@bernardosa6690]

Herodotus was right The Sahara Desert did were a barrier to free circulation of peoples in Africa This concept was made by Europeans to divide Africa

[@Luv_XLN]

@daniele.3361 😂😭😂😭

[@SeanMichael-yt4ps]

Which is quite hilarious considering people still to this day cross the Sahara Google can I help you friends you can still find pictures of black North Africans the semites reverse migrated back into Africa. Fun fact most North Africans are just the sentence of mulattos

[@lovelyday6500]

The obsession over ancient Egypt is uncanny and it shows, everyone wants to relate to it as it benefits themselves and their people. Ancient Egypt was very much an African civilization just as ancient Rome was a European civilization. If anything, later dynastic periods show ancient Egyptians getting lighter and that could be a result of intermixing with other outside groups. But I think it’s obvious that pre dynastic and earlier periods consisted of a people’s indigenous to the continent ie Northeast Africa and if this is hard to understand than just hang it up people and move on 🥴

[@isaiah7640]

The Egyptian empire started to fall after it was taken other by outer races

[@isaiah7640]

U contradicted yourself

[@isaiah7640]

@THE WASETIANS wasn’t talking to u

[@HerbswithAsia]

Common sense. You don’t have to be black, white, or anything else to understand this.

[@DaduaMaiga]

@Dean Gulberry The oldest mummy in Africa is that of a black mummy name "Uan Muhuggiag", there is a documentary about the Uan Muhuggiag mummy here in KZbin. And Nubians also ruled Egypt in the 8th and 7th centuries BCE.

[@biniammario3018]

Ethiopians have all the answers. I don't know why no scholars of the subject skip historical references in Ethiopia.

[@listenup2882]

Because the name Ethiopia wasn't necessarily a reference to the modern state bearing that name but was a general name for the lands South of Egypt (especially Sudan) and at times other areas in North Africa.

[@baetraki7268]

@@listenup2882 he means that historical sources in Ethiopia have all the answer, he didn't say what you understood

[@nn-lw7hv]

@@listenup2882 the ancient writers did a great diservice to your comfort zone and you are doing your best trying to wiggle out of it. For no apparent reason the ancients kept mentioning Ethiopians everywhere - in the old testament, in the new testament, in the Koran, in the first literature of the western world - etc, etc. Those who are not well read assume things like you are doing. Keep at it - live in your own bubble.

[@seanmikaeel90s50]

@@nn-lw7hv I think it's pretty fair to say that an ancient times East Africans in general are known as Ethiopians by people from outside of that region albeit neighboring areas but still

[@brandonray4379]

Right in Ethiopia there's many artifacts that matches with Egypt even carvings.

[@TheBlackghost989]

Racist people will never associate Kemet/ Egypt, Egyptian as black african people. Even though Greeks like Diodorus whom saw, interacted with, learned from tells you that the were black skinned wooly haired people. And that they were the same people as the Nubians/ Kushites. Even though they tell you on the Papyrus of Hunefer that the came from the beginning of the Nile where Hapi dwells. Despite the fact that black East Africans actually look like the Medu Neter/ Hieroglyphics. My people can never be great in a world view.

[@st3019]

Not a single ancient source did ever called ancient Egyptians as black/negroid Africans . NEVER

[@terrywallace5181]

I grew up in Mississippi. In a totally segregated era, folks of Middle Eastern descent (there were quite a few; New Orleans had been the port of entry for many middle eastern folks), and Italians, of which there were a huge number in the Mississippi delta (Post civil war, whole villages had been brought in to work in agriculture) went to white schools. According to the older white folks, they were'nt REALLY white, and were discriminated against in many ways. They fought to be white. As many white folks moved away, and some institutions needed more numbers/resources, they moved up in the social hierarchy. This was facilitated by intermarriage and increasing economic clout. I heard two classmates who were just assuming positions of responsibility at the local country club, laugh that they wouldn't have been allowed to be members in the 'sixties.

[@terrywallace5181]

@Akm Akm ...and we are all Africans.

[@alexhurt7919]

What does this have to do with the video? And out of Africa has been debunked so no we aren't "all Africans". Even if our common ancestor was from Africa it wouldn't make us all Africans. Everytime I hear people spew this I cringe. History needs to stop being a playground for egalitarian fan fiction.

[@AP-uc8rr]

@@alexhurt7919 out of Africa has not been debunked. You’re just hurt about it. Stop arguing with people online about your racist beliefs and go get some counseling

[@alexhurt7919]

@@AP-uc8rr so let me get this right. Your argument consists of telling me I'm wrong and calling me racist? That's convincing. Do you usually try to shut people down who disagree with you by calling them racist? Have you considered that might mean that you're wrong? Cro-magnon is the oldest fully modern human. Cro-magnon has not been found in Africa. Cro-magnon has been found in italy. Therefore out of Africa theory has no ground to stand on. The first hominid is out of Africa, but not the first fully modern human. It's as simple as that. There's a plethora of other evidence, but I don't even need it because that's enough.

[@AP-uc8rr]

@@alexhurt7919 you’re now not only racist but uneducated and BLOCKED ...Stay hateful

[@ruggedtechie5867]

Finally someone who is telling the truth based on actual evidence ....instead of making stuff up

[@raidermanic872]

@@francisgalton2678 you're making it up that she's making it up.

[@czarcastic1458]

American blacks have no ties to Africa let alone Egypt

[@charlesadeoye1404]

@@raidermanic872 they will never agree. They want it all, so greedy. They have advanced the current world but have no shame. Okay forget about all the bad stuff that as gone on before notably slavery and colonisation, most would like to move on and mostly forgive. But they want it all, to feel superior about everything without wanting to give credit were it is due to anyone especially to my black brothers and sisters

[@essencemg]

@@francisgalton2678 You were similar to the boars.

[@fadelaelzalet8674]

It is better to talk about what her European ancestors did with regard to the oppression and genocide of the Native American Indians. It is better than sticking her nose to what does not concern you. Leave North Africa and that's ours. We have our Berber genes, especially in North Africa, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco, we have our own language and 🧬 genus It is better than trying to please black people by stealing the history and civilizations of other countries

[@walterulasinksi7031]

I am awaiting translations of the Libraries of Timbuktu, that were secreted out to prevent destruction by the Islamic extremists. While I expect Islamic treatises, their May also be other books that can be considered as history of African relations.

[@AliAntarAllahsServant]

The grand structure in Timbuktu is a Mosque.

[@walterulasinksi7031]

@Gerry C Timbuktu is in Mali. The “ Libraries” were kept in the houses of private citizens. Not in a single building. Many books are so old that those who have the library could not read them. Due to the extremist Islamic movement in Mali, a scholar from there, was able to convince most of the owners to allow the books to be smuggled out as he told them if the extremists took control, they would destroy the books because even if they were Islamic Texts, they would not conform to the extremist views. As I understand it, the books are in the care of the French as Mali used to be a French possession and France stepped u0 to overcome the extremists.

[@AliAntarAllahsServant]

@Gerry C Written records start in Mesopotamia not Mozambique. Even jurisprudence is founded there. Learn harder.

[@walterulasinksi7031]

@Akm Akm not intentionally, but since these were in private houses, individuals could easily have mistaken ancient books. A parallel is what happened when Rome invaded Syracuse. The order was to take Archimedes alive but when a soldier found an old Man scribbling in the dirt, and he did not immediately get up,the soldier killed him. It was Archimedes. And at another time, one of his books was partially erased and made into a psalmist. Probably by a religious person who could not understand what was written as it was a mathematical treatise. All writing undergoes changes in both figure and context including Sanskrit, so a quick glance at an ancient text could easily be misunderstood, even those of Islamic contemplations on the Suras. There can also be such contemplation that does not agree with what one may have been taught. There is a difference in a scholastic treatise and an extreme religious interpretation. Historically, Islam has been known for its scholarship.but some are determined to undermine that for power.

[@AliAntarAllahsServant]

@Akm Akm You don't know what jihad is. Don't embarrass yourself by showing your ignorance.

[@papeabdu2289]

1st Golden Age (Old K) from -2665- 2160 BCE ), Dynasties 3-6. Pyramids period. 2nd Golden Age (Mid K) from- 2040 - 1784 BCE , Dynasties 11-12. Literacy period . 3rd Golden Age ( New K) from -1554-1190 BCE, Dynasties 18-19 .Temples and Imperial Age. 4th Golden Age (Late K) from - 760 - 657 BCE , Dynasty 25 .Revival Age. Invasions: Hyksos -1750- 1152 Persians 525 - 405 and 343 - 332 Greeks - 332 - 30 BCE Romans 30 - 395 ACE Vandals 429 (Greeks named KMT " Egypt" ) Arabs 651- 710 And yet, ( Arabs ) still claim " Egyptians " as their ancestors while in reality they are descendants of Mamelooks, Greeks, Turks , Romans, Scythians, French ..... Source : " Kemetic Chronology : A summary Related to Other Important African Events " . Dr Asa G. Hillard

[@IblewuponyourfaceIII]

Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine) had Egypt until the 7th Century before the Muslim Arabs.

[@etoshanyugax2632]

@@IblewuponyourfaceIII Sir Hyksos are Greeks, Persians etc they migrated from the Aegean Sea. That is Theo start of European History in the Aegean Sea.

[@etoshanyugax2632]

@@Michael_De_Santa-Unofficial Hyksos is European I have an World History Atlas and I have World Religion Encuclopedias. You have to do a better research when you want to give out blotched information

[@Michael_De_Santa-Unofficial]

The Arabs ARE not descendants of either the Greeks, nor the Scythians, nor the Turks, nor the Greeks, nor the Romans, nor the French, and no, not even the Mamluks. Oh, and also, the Mamluks were a military caste, and were also of many diverse origins. Try to get your facts right. :)

[@Michael_De_Santa-Unofficial]

@@etoshanyugax2632 The Hyksos came from the Levant, hence they are not Persian nor Greek.

[@SDBOGLE]

The confusion is, Lower ancient Egypt was ruled by Invaders for 400 years and was expelled. All people need to do is look and the art and how they depicted themselves

[@youcantknoweveragain2364]

can't look at that either because alot can be changed in 400 years....you have to look at language and common sense

[@kadensmike8190]

@@youcantknoweveragain2364 Also, ancient people often depict themselves in symbol rather than realistic terms - people are given distinct skin tones based on their gender in several periods of ancient Egyptian art.

[@patriotmarine149]

@@youcantknoweveragain2364 how about MUMMIES WITH BLOND HAIR

[@patriotmarine149]

@@kadensmike8190 you are nubian not Egyptian

[@Erv704]

Most european and middle easterns wants someone to lie to them.

[@zigzag1able]

The fact I just recently learned that this man died makes me so sad RIP Nick a true historian without a dog in the fight just had a genuine willingness to lean. 😢

[@roylle6346]

White supremacists killed him?

[@NoirValkyrie]

WHAT??! No way, I love his videos, this is devastating

[@Black_unity597]

There is a god? You must have no life! I have a suggestion for you! How about you go out and socialize find a girlfriend/boyfriend whoever you prefer! I understand it’s lonely in this world but it’s possible for you to get a life!

[@judaprinxbeatz.8008]

WOW 😮 🥺😢

[@lnighttrain3804]

You also don't know that he was hated by the white Egyptologist establishment and it is suspected that he was killed or murdered by poison.

[@OMGitsShrimp]

I did not expect to find this hidden gem in my recommended list on KZbin! VERY interesting! Thank you for the enlightening information! As a black woman I’m always fascinated by how modern agendas shape how people chose to shape history into a more self-serving narrative. I enjoyed your insights! I wish history was taught with this sort of lens. Nowadays our history in schools is so watered down.

[@tricha123ful1]

This is why KZbin is the best university in the world

[@Black_unity597]

It’s time for KZbin to have some real competition they have been censoring peoples voice! Something is coming just not fast enough!

[@judaprinxbeatz.8008]

AFRICAN AMERICANS BEEN SAYING THIS SHIT FOREVER SMFH … WEIRD HOW IT TAKES A WHITE PERSON TO SAY IT FOR YOU PEOPLE TO FINALLY “GET IT” 🤦🏽‍♂

[@westyraviz]

Africa, and I mean the entire continent, is the land of the black people. The invading Arabians came to North Africa and settled there much, much later.

[@motherofsolomon6619]

I agree! It was a wonderful surprise! I subscribed.

[@ugalitamu9082]

As an African, I wouldn't care about the race of ancient kingdoms if europeans hadn't made such a big deal about it.

[@grzlbr]

You got it backwards

[@Aligbo]

@@ugalitamu9082 correct, it wouldn’t matter as long as the truth was always there. We are dealing with descendants of fallen angels was the Most High cursed this group white. Unlike the black Ancestors who came down and walk with our ancestors

[@seanleecraig]

​@@Aligbo There is no religious text of any time period that suggests this. You're as bad as the catholics and the jews. Let it go and just search for the truth in history. It won't give you what you want, but your mind will be clear, and your burden will be lifted.

[@seanandjudycraig]

​@@Aligboany comment that includes the word jew is quietly deleted

[@Herosennin]

@@grzlbrWe're just going to ignore people like you from now on. The narcissism is tiresome to deal with.

[@AliAntarAllahsServant]

Thank you for calling out the bigotry of eurocentric teaching. Even the fact Greeks learned from Egyptians is seldom said. It's know Nubia was in control of Egypt for a dynasty. Egypt has been bigger than it is today and has been smaller, ruled by different people at different times. And yes no one is "black" or "white", white is just a dominant force on the world today. Caused by the separation imposed by Roman's against the rest of the world and the unification of German and Roman descendants to oppress the world.

[@MrAmhara]

The Roman's were not racist. Racism is mainly the byproduct of the Transatlantic and Indain Ocean slave trade

[@pharaohmizraim2030]

Peace FAM, if you want to know more about the TRUTH and the REAL BLACK EGYPTIANS go SUBSCRIBE to my Channel and check out my New Video, here's the link for my channel kzbin.info/door/g1nTX0J2rH76pJ7uTyUf3w?view_as=subscriber and here's the link to my video kzbin.info/www/bejne/jGPFq4GulrepfNk. Support the movement and join the fight to STOP the LIES, RACISM and WHITEWASHING of Ancient Egyptians, Hotep and ASE.

[@arronhaggerty8426]

There wasn't any white Egyptian, only black African Egyptians, everyone else was, and is foreigners.

[@MrTimothy87]

I'm glad someone is finally telling the truth about things we know are to be real..No need to spread continuous lie and the Ancient Egyptians..Things were not how they are now with all this racism..Everyone knows the truth but racism and racist hate to admit the truth..

[@raidermanic872]

Exactly

[@ericdugal8818]

Genetic information states otherwise. Not white, but not Sub-Saharan either "An international team of scientists, led by researchers from the University of Tuebingen and the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Jena, successfully recovered and analyzed ancient DNA from Egyptian mummies dating from approximately 1400 BCE to 400 CE, including the first genome-wide nuclear data from three individuals, establishing ancient Egyptian mummies as a reliable source for genetic material to study the ancient past. The study, published today in Nature Communications, found that modern Egyptians share more ancestry with Sub-Saharan Africans than ancient Egyptians did, whereas ancient Egyptians were found to be most closely related to ancient people from the Near East." "The study found that ancient Egyptians were most closely related to ancient populations in the Levant, and were also closely related to Neolithic populations from the Anatolian Peninsula and Europe. "The genetics of the Abusir el-Meleq community did not undergo any major shifts during the 1,300 year timespan we studied, suggesting that the population remained genetically relatively unaffected by foreign conquest and rule," says Wolfgang Haak, group leader at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Jena. The data shows that modern Egyptians share approximately 8% more ancestry on the nuclear level with Sub-Saharan African populations than with ancient Egyptians. "This suggests that an increase in Sub-Saharan African gene flow into Egypt occurred within the last 1,500 years," explains Stephan Schiffels, group leader at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Jena. Possible causal factors may have been improved mobility down the Nile River, increased long-distance trade between Sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt, and the trans-Saharan slave trade that began approximately 1,300 years ago."

[@marishea0silver]

Dr Kennedy is a fresh breath of air !!

[@dcuthbertson5778]

OMG😂😂😂😂. I don’t even have a degree in this stuff and said the same exact thing she did. Verbatim. It’s basic common sense but it’s also good to see a professional say the same thing. Just because the Europeans didn’t know how to cross the Sahara; it doesn’t mean the native Africans lacked the knowledge to cross

[@richardjohnston3359]

Give me a break sub saharn african in some parts cant give there people clean water in 2023 talk about cross a dessert in Egyptian times . 👀

[@lolnoob5015]

@@richardjohnston3359 Well it doesn't matter whether or not they could because the Sahara used to not be a desert

[@mkodyglobalsouthsoldier]

Give me a break europeans needed others to rise ! And today the others decide to self rise and i see declin3 in Europe ​@@richardjohnston3359 Stop underestimating these folks whose resources helped you rise to these heights

[@nerdlarge4691]

I'm happy to see someone White admitting the Whitewashing of Ancient Egypt is all about contemporary European culture appropriation and Arab assimilation into Whiteness.

[@djacnoc6690]

White from Subsahary????

[@krightcarr4785]

Now, this is what I consider objective reporting - something that is extremely rare in Western scholarship.

[@tommyfred6180]

this is so a USA problem with race thing. europes academia out grow this back in the 70s

[@MrZekinhaluiz]

So did latin america's

[@parrismd]

Yeah, Europe is so superior, duh huh.

[@onoheathebest]

@@parrismd who the hell said that besides you, wut

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

To be fair I have yet to talk to an educated European who rips off his shirt and screams when I mention black people in North Africa, haha.

[@parrismd]

@@onoheathebest What the hell did you add here, wut?

[@JohnSmith-rk6jy]

When this women is talking about “white North Africa” is she saying that middle eastern people are considered as “white people” ? Or is she saying that there were Northern Europeans in North Africa?

[@robloxgirlgamerhello483]

Most North Africans are grouped as 'white' by racial standards today but they have pretty diverse genetics. Groups like the Amazighs whose genetics differ with the standard European ones are still grouped as white.

[@saraqostahterra4548]

@@robloxgirlgamerhello483 This entire White vs Black idea is mumbo jumbo and something that developed mainly in America. I'm from Morocco. I'm light brown. Most Moroccans are brown, dark brown or light brown. You'll have Moroccans in my region of origin that are mostly white to light brown. Guess what, it's because of climate. People adapt to their climate. This is science. You'll have Moroccans to the south that are dark brown to even black, because of combination of their climate and migration. People who understand simple biology will understand that most North-Africans are not black and have never been for a very long time because of their climate. Saying otherwise would be going against science.

[@robloxgirlgamerhello483]

@@saraqostahterra4548 I can agree that this ideology is nonsense. But when getting a passport or visa most north africans and arabs are grouped as white but italians and spaniards are not. Its crazy but that is just how the modern world works.

[@saraqostahterra4548]

@@robloxgirlgamerhello483 That is the case in America yes. But Americans lives in another dimension when it comes to races.

[@mikligardur9104]

She is result of american education system that clearly see the world with black and white lences. Just sad.

[@chavezmoore390]

Excellent video. I shared this on my FB page last November to help prove what a lot of people been saying for years. It's always a blessing to see our brothers and sisters speaking the truth.

[@curiousmonster8221]

As soon as she said that Egypt's vision was to the South I smelt bias. What about the Middle East, Persia, Cyprus, Indian Ocean etc.

[@Bogey1022]

There is no left Egypt or right Egypt. Only upper and lower

[@curiousmonster8221]

@@Bogey1022 Egyptian trade & influence is not confined to the Nile

[@charlesking415]

You smelt bias because the ancient Egyptians were biased. The ancient Egyptian word for left and east is the same word "IABET" and the word for west and right "IMENTET" is also the same word...the only way left/east align and right/west align is when one faces SOUTH...thus the ancient Egyptians were BIASED to the lands south which they called Ta-Neter or Land Of The Gods There are two things you can be sure of. 1- Biden will be president Jan. 20, 2021 @ 12:00 PM 2 -The ancient Egyptians were BLACK.

[@skeletalbassman1028]

@@Bogey1022 that’s because there’s no East Nile or West Nile.

[@curiousmonster8221]

@@charlesking415 1 - Sidney Powell 2 - Look at the colour they painted themselves.

[@comfortonyee2072]

The Deeper the research, the clearer Africa is Cradle of Civilization

[@masterGAWK9]

Information concerning the history of Egypt is very slowly making it's way to the surface from the depths of denial. Soon the connection between Kemet and Nubia will be one, not separate kingdoms but a continuous empire.

[@wyihupoip8105]

The ancient Greek and Roman historians are the only non bias and transparent historians that can be trusted when it comes to the accuracy of European sources.

[@mushussu838]

Not really, for example in the case of Carthage the sources are usually not 100% trustworthy because of animosity between the Greco Roman world and the Punic civilization

[@AsiaMinor12]

@@mushussu838 Not in terms of skin color or demographics, I doubt the Romans cared that much about the skin color of north Africa to lie about it.

[@fromabove422]

There were black romans and Greeks. Racism is a modern invention to keep one slave class on the neck of another. It's that simple

[@TimeTravelingSalesMan]

@Gas Enjoyer... It was Herodotus that said "“The Ethiopians to whom Cambyses sent these gifts are reputed to be the tallest and most beautiful of all peoples.”........"Black" was not considered a Bad-Omen in Hellenistic culture.... Africans Exist as powerful royalty in ancient greco Mythology..as for example..Queen Andromeda.and were seen favorably by ancient greesks....after all the most famous greeks minds renowned today went to africa to STUDY...greek culture via minoan culture was borne out of a black egyptian culture....the roman historians also speak of Africans very favorably.... up until the..... punic wars[and some even after that] ...after the punic wars Rome developed a fear and hatred for Black Africa [Thanks to Carthage & Hannibal] and spread anti Black Africa propaganda throughout their empire....Anti Black African Historic views really exploded in the late 1600's and 1700's...among the french, British, germans, dutch and Americans "intellects", "archelogists" and "historians"....

[@wyihupoip8105]

@Alberto Barbosa... That's nonsense!

[@RisingKing1024]

Love your videos. Thank you so much for this. The biggest thing that separates your channel from many is that you have many experts come on your channel to speak. Love it.

[@Sufi_Alchemy]

Great honor to you Dr Kennedy. Sincere and honest scholars is what the world needs.

[@shanecarubbi7864]

You know I bet to the Amazigh, Bedouin, and the Coptic peoples you all sound silly talking about this. I think it would be a good idea to hear what they have to say about the topic.

[@Pados_music]

Maby you can give us informations. A link maby or a script.

[@charlesking415]

Their opinion is not of any great import since the identity of the copts is no mystery...and their identity has been known for over 150 yrs “The first tribes that inhabited Egypt that is, the Nile Valley between the Syene cataracts and the sea, came from Abyssinia to Sennar. The ancient Egyptians belonged to a race quite similar to the Kennous or Barabras, present inhabitants of Nubia. In the Copts of Egypt, we do not find any of the characteristic features of the ancient Egyptian population. The Copts are the result of crossbreeding with all the nations that have successively dominated Egypt. It is wrong to seek in them the principal features of the old race.” Champollion-Figeac 1867 (Founding Egyptologist)

[@assertivekarma1909]

The modern inhabitants of Egypt, depending on their sect, have tenuous connection to ancient Egypt, as do any strong claims about the people who inhabited Egypt then, whether speaking of rulers, tradesman, slaves, or commoners. Anyone who says they know for sure, is full of sh!t. I know this lady is not credible however. The best evidence suggests the kingdoms were mostly populated by a people who I wouldn't call white or black, with varying claims/evidence/accounts that can be made for varying descriptions. It was a neat ancient civilization, located on beneficial agriculture and trade routes, who obsessively focused national energy on large monoliths... let's not over glamorize them, or think our individual attempts to claim a connection to them gives us any personal worth. How about we fix our current problems.

[@sidneo14]

I am Amazigh i consider myself subsaharian my symbolic culture is carved in the rock (Petroglyph) for millenias in both side of the desert Ghadafi mother was my great aunt (by western standards) we say grandma she was born in Mali South of the desert. The Bedouins as you say or those that claim to be are incerts from Yemen , Oman ,saudi, jordan etc and they will tell you themselves.Modern lybia is now composed of a mix of amazigh ,romains,Turkish(ottoman), and Bedouins (in that order) . i can invite you in a tent anywhere from Algeria, libya , Morocco ,Sudan ,Niger ,Mali ,tchad etc.. A local Bedouin chief will be summoned to tell you the old tales behind tea and meat. If by amazighs you mean my blue eyes blond hair amazighs cousins in Algeria ,Morocco go and ask them why women are tattooed in the face and what they think about strangers in they're history. Having lived in this desert from both side known all cultures. run around in the sand as kid around someone like theodore monod i am baffled by the ignorance that as been allowed and tolerated in this world about africa . Northern modern Egyptian are has descendant of ancient Egyptian as much trump, obama , Reagan or Giuliani are descendant of ancient Navajo, Eskimos or Iroquois chiefs. north africa have been invaded more frequently longer and with more intensity than the USA have been the last 500 years. Once the Sahara was no longer a formidable barrier they went deeper even claimed South Africa Zimbabwe "Rhodesia" Zambia , Kenya etc.. As their ancestral heritage and many still believe it .

[@jeromejenkins2539]

@@assertivekarma1909 "The Kingdom was populated by people who i wouldn't call white or black". All the evidence shows that they were the same racial type as other native populations of Northeast Africa. Native Northeastern Africans are black therefore there is no reason to avoid simply identifying ancient egyptians as black. The only reason people avoid this is based purely on modern social-political biases. All the evidence shows that the ancient egyptian population and their culture originated from the interior regions of Africa. Who else originates from the interior of Africa and is not black??

[@kiloah]

Why in our languages in sub-sahara we are finding words which are the same like ancient Egyptian language and have same signification , and another world of ancient Egyptian is the name of some peoples here ???????

[@maxamedxasan7484]

I am somali kushiti African ancient Egypt is our people

[@Myo-v1k]

Fact. Egyptian pharaohs themselves believed their aboriginal home was the Land of Punt, which is modern day Somalia.

[@TheMrgoodmanners]

I just wish we knew more abt africa. Theres just so much we dont know yet i feel it holds the keys to so much of the sapient human past.

[@MatthewQuigley]

We don't know much because they didn't have writing. What does that tell us?

[@TheMrgoodmanners]

@@MatthewQuigley most of europe didn't have writing till the romans spread their culture inland what does that tell you?

[@dr5102]

@@MatthewQuigley We Ethiopias and Eritreans have been writing for at least 5000years and still. And the oldest bible is in our language. The Romans thought whole Europeans to live.... The Romans made “peace” with Ethiopia as they called it. And never taxed them. To be kind I guess or the truth is Alexander and the one’s before him all lost.. You know nothing because your own ppl don’t want you to know! East Africa has the best climate in the world our capitals are above 2000m with 26-28 degrees Celsius everyday they whole year around. It’s the center of the world literally. The sun sets at 6 and rise at 6. I didn’t think this is the fact in London

[@rome7164]

Most of the history was destroyed. Not just by isis, but also rome. Look up 70ad. Ancient knowledge and wisdom of the greatest civilizations in the past 20,000 years is almost completely gone now. Sad but true

[@rendawtherockstar]

@@rome7164 Rome never got that far into Africa. I don't think we can blame them for our lack of knowledge regarding, say, what the Zulus were doing in 70 AD. But then you are "Rome," so you should really know this!

[@Buruji]

The thing is they are disingenuous because they always compare the skulls of egyptians with west africans. They never compared skulls of egyptian mummies with east africans such as ethiopians and somalis. Africans are diverse. Different regions have different skulls and features!

[@morwaengmotswasele5204]

A very insightful presentation and much needed hidden truth of colonial ripple effect that has distorted reality and truth. The sad thing is that many of us in the African continent participate in this separation ideology. Keep up the good work!

[@teeldd]

Not everyone. It will die as quickly as it was born.

[@Scotty-P]

You like having computers and electricity, though?

[@situationsixtynine8743]

Great information, a very rare video when it comes to ancient African history.

[@paulsilverston5188]

So ancient Egypt spans like over what 3500 years? During that time as recorded there was and eb and flow from north east and south. Would it not be more accurate to say that depending on when and where we look in egypt would determine if the people living there had more African or middle eastern ancestors? Its not fair to take a small slice of time or place and then say it applies the entire existence of the country. Imagine finding a pre columbian burial site in 5 thousand years and then conclude that all Americans were natives. Wouldn't a more accurate picture be the contrast between upper and lower egptian than saying north African vs sub saharan?

[@TheMrgoodmanners]

Pre dynastic egypt went waaay earlier than that

[@harwn999]

Lol Africans been in North Africa far longer than Semitic people who came from Asia. The Egyptians themselves say their holy land is PUNT. Which is in the Horn of Africa. Truth is the education system is racist inherently. How about you just go read what the Egyptians said about themselves. They were not Semitic lol

[@paulsilverston5188]

@@harwn999 Plz share some links im curious about the land of pundt. As i said there would have been an eb and flow and it appears horn of Africa had connections with yemen which from my understanding could be a source of semetic people's. Either way its all fascinating.

[@dealingthereal6922]

Please apply this logic to the “Nature” magazine published DNA results from ancient Egypt that only took sample from 1,400 BCE to c. 400 CE. and encourage those who use those DNA findings as some type of smoking gun proof or other form that evidence, in attempting to validate their long and falsely held beliefs that there were no Black people in Egypt until they were brought there as slaves. 🤨

[@bwilliken]

If you study the dna samples from Egypt over time they are making a weird argument in my opinion. Plus Phoenicians and Mediterraneans weren't really 'white' by modern standards... What are they trying to prove here? Oh yeah, 'racist trope'.. hmmmmm. Is it deniable that the % of 'black' people is higher in sub saharan Africa than that of North Africa over a long period of time? This belongs in the opinion section of the NYT, lost respect for this channel, replacing science with wokeness by a pompous cat lady.

[@SnoopCatts]

I love how phds who actually spend the whole life studying the type of stuff break the history down, the anthropology, and even the archaeology down, and then next thing you know people were COMPLETELY UNEDUCATED and completely IGNORANT come out with contravening information as if they are correct. It's hilarious

[@FlipRothstein]

Thanx for tackling a subject most people wouldnt dare engage in for fear of being labeled an afrocentric but nonetheless i applaud you for speaking on the racial undertone of sub saharan which is just a scientific way of calling native africans subhuman and implying that their sub saharan/subhuman state prevented them from crossing the sahara desert which only came in to full desertification 5 6000 years ago.i also love how she speaks on the legal classification of arabs in america being legally white.great research and even better info

[@lawrencedanao7648]

Well the Sahara is bigger than America so I would say that's a pretty big barrier.

[@riverblack565]

actually,USA has over 9.800.000 km2 and Sahara has 9.200.000 km2 but you're close ....btw,I believe this woman speaks about ideology and has nothing to do with history

[@lawrencedanao7648]

@@riverblack565 that's still a big barrier don't you think?

[@sedwillful]

@@lawrencedanao7648 No its not, the Bering Strait was a longer barrier to cross, but it happened. Its not different that the Mason Dixon line..traveling from south to north.

[@koketsomokone2975]

@@lawrencedanao7648 the Nile connects Egypt to the south of the Sahara via Sudan and Ethiopia. In fact, its source has been traced as far back as Uganda or Kenya (not sure which) therefore, there's no real separation of the kind that people like to imagine. Also, there's research that's being conducted to establish the level of trade between Sub-Saharan West Africa and North Africa, the goal of which research being to prove that the Sahara was not the kind of barrier that has been popularized.

[@Gracchi]

@@koketsomokone2975 yes, limited 1v1 trade contact ,like the silk road, goods and ideas are exchanged,, but not mass population changes.

[@abdallasa7077]

Did the Africans themselves tell you they were "Sub Saharan"?

[@amcculloughwebsteredu]

The term, Sub-Saharan is a political term created in the he Kate 69's -70's in an attempt to separate Egypt from the rest of Africa..

[@patrickrealestate-8193]

7:03 The term "sub-Saharan Africa" was first used in the early 20th century. It is used to refer to the region of Africa that lies south of the Sahara Desert. The term was adopted by scholars and geographers as a way to distinguish the region from North Africa, which is culturally and historically distinct. The term "sub-Saharan Africa" is not without its critics. Some argue that it is a Eurocentric term that reinforces the idea that Africa is divided into two distinct regions, with North Africa being more advanced and developed than sub-Saharan Africa.

[@fabbeyonddadancer]

Cite your source

[@patrickrealestate-8193]

@@fabbeyonddadancer The term "sub-Saharan Africa" was first used in the early 20th century by Arab writers to refer to the region south of the Sahara Desert. The term was later adopted by European geographers and historians. Some sources say late 19th century. My source: "Sub-Saharan Africa: An Environmental History" by Gregory H. Maddox "Sub-Saharan Africa: A Modern History" by John Reader "The History of Sub-Saharan Africa" by John Iliffe

[@drstevej2527]

How would he know anything about Egypt prior to the Nubian invasion? That’s like saying native Americans look like Europeans as that is the population that dominates the continent currently.

[@arronhaggerty8426]

Sub-Saharan Africa was an invented term in 1978, to try and separate North Africans from equatorial Africans, and some how transform North Africans into white people, while having to admit that equatorial Africans were black, but news flash, before the copious invasion, immigrations, and colonizations, from western Asia and Europe, North Africa was also indigenously black people, including the Egyptians.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

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[@mrmr446]

I had no idea the term was so recent in origin, always enlightening thank you for what you do.

[@nobody8328]

I thought you might enjoy sprinkling a little of this on these comments 😄 imgur.com/a/eVlqoRh

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

@@nobody8328 that cracked me up!

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

@@mrmr446 same here! And I had no idea that the Soviets used it as an economic divider!

[@rationalfemale5717]

I’ve never heard of anyone who thinks the ancient Egyptians were white. Arab looking maybe but not European white. I’ve never read a book that says that, I’ve never heard an instructor say this, I’ve never heard a podcast that asserts this. If a person asserts that Egyptians were white you immediately know they are incredibly ignorant but honestly I don’t know anyone except maybe Hollywood but they’re the epitome of ignorance. This whole talk was stupid because they never say who the “they” are. There is never once an example of the crazy racists who are going around trying to convince people the Egyptians were white. Honestly they kind of sound the ancient alien people. Their arms must be sore from patting themselves on the back for being so smart and so anti-racist.

[@thenigerianjew1698]

Ancient Egyptians were not modern day Arab looking they looked very much Africa black

[@rationalfemale5717]

@@thenigerianjew1698 I completely agree with that. I didn’t say that here but I should have. Thank you for pointing that out.

[@IblewuponyourfaceIII]

That funny cause I have Egyptians books with Caucasians features & Blue Eyes, Blonde hair or brown, red or black straight hair Mummies. Arabs or Arabians are Caucasians who are very mixed today & are genetically related to the Jews/Israelites who are Caucasians. They are Semites of the Caucasian Race.

[@dantaereacts6322]

@@IblewuponyourfaceIII ok. Where do caucasians fit the Curses of Deuteronomy 28?

[@raidermanic872]

@@dantaereacts6322 caucasians wrote that just like they wrote the "king James version" of the bible justifying slavery.

[@ForeignRHM]

Sounds like someone is trying to put modern ideals on ancient peoples.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

If you support using the term "Sub Saharan" in Antiquity then you are describing yourself.

[@ForeignRHM]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 Sub Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe anything south of the Sahara desert. Saying that the term is somehow racist and perpetuating the dominance of white people is post modernism and not real academia. That is like If I talk about Scandinavia during the Bronze Age, even though it was not called Scandinavia it’s the term for what the region is called today. That is not putting modern ideals on ancient people, it is using the name for what we call the region today. Go ahead and ignore the fact that she was indeed doing that.

[@skeletalbassman1028]

@Marcus Holbert except it’s not? Everyone knows about the Kushite dynasty and the early influence of punt on Egypt. Early kings mention punt and even ran expeditions to find it and open relations. Meanwhile assuming “black headed people” means “black” in the modern sense is just plain wrong. Ancient Sumerians share the most DNA in common with the modern residents of southern Iraq.

[@g-rexsaurus794]

@@skeletalbassman1028 >Ancient Sumerians share the most DNA in common with the modern residents of southern Iraq. We don't know how ancient Sumerians looked geneticlaly.

[@skeletalbassman1028]

@@g-rexsaurus794 yes we do. Ancient dna is relatively easy to obtain all told.

[@SolarpunkEnjoyer]

7:38 If you search for "(sub-saharan)" (the parenthesis are needed) you will se a very different picture.

[@roylloyd5898]

Thank you for explaining clearly how the colonial masters in Europe split Africa into two sections based on their racial hierarchy!

[@HakeemTheDream616]

They didn't God did for breaking the commandments

[@johnleake5657]

Are you sure, Dr Kennedy, that the rise of the term sub-Saharan Africa isn't more a response to the political growth of Pan-Arabism and the comparative political integration of the Arabic-speaking world? As an Arabist I think of it as a geo-political term, not a racial one, although words are obviously open tools, so I'm sure the term can be and probably is also used in a racialized sense. Still, a good idea to be aware of the terms one is using, and an Arabized North Africa is obviously far from an ancient pre-Roman North Africa. Otherwise, much to agree with. Thank you!

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

When it comes to your profession, what is your primary focus? When I saw your comment I very much had the hustler side of my brain kick on, haha. If interested, let's talk about having you on.

[@johnleake5657]

Oh, I'm afraid I'm a Late Antique scholar, especially of Arabia between Rome and Persia, and one not working professionally in the scholarly field. I did Classics and Arabic at university but at different times in my life. But I feel immensely flattered by your question!

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

See, now I am intrigued even more! Just looked you up on Academia, and all I am saying is that....... your scope also falls within the focus of this channel.... would you mind a private message on Academia?

[@johnleake5657]

Please do!

[@Alex_Plante]

I was thinking the same thing. It has more to do with Nasser than with the race politics of 21st Century US academia.

[@strangetruth360]

I appreciate your unbiased view toward history. Great video!

[@frankscott1708]

Marxist development economists in the 1970's were first to employ the term sub-Saharan, not as some sort of value judgment but as an acknowledgement that Marx's Asian Mode of Production paradigm didn't really apply to the economies of countries that were generally south of the Sahara desert. They wondered about how and why production and consumption patterns were so different in those countries. The term got picked up in the 1980's as a catch-all to replace the older term Black Africa, still used in the 1960's. Currently the term sub-Saharan has become a categorical omnibus with supposed explanatory power in geography, history, sociology, politics, economics and lately even human genetics. It is a term cherished by social media warriors of rightist, race-baiting, reactionary bent who relish the fiction of a vast impenetrable desert drawing an ethnic curtain between the Africans living on the Mediterranean seaboard and Africans living in savanna zones and humid forests. With the smallest efforts the term sub-Saharan, as brandished by these lackeys, falls away and is revealed to be no more than wishful thinking.

[@frankscott1708]

@Daniel E. This difference is relatively new. Even ancient M2 haplogroup in North Africa relates to E1 groups in the horn, which is also "sub Saharan".

[@frankscott1708]

@@rififienforce I haven't got a fkn clue what you're on about mate. Horn of Africa? Sudan? You're barkers up the wrong tree. But by all means have at it if it means ish to you. "Woke" not a word that stings, if your aiming to sting. Don't even know what "woke" means...I doubt you do either. If u think you've got tight genetics to wave about, be my effing guest: link it and we'll let the smart punters pick it to pieces, ya habibi. Let's really see how your sleepy Asia origins in Sudan story supports today's liberal usage of "sub-Saharan".

[@fabbeyonddadancer]

@@frankscott1708it’s not new North African populations are bio morphologically /phenotypically distinct for Niger kordofanian/nilo Saharan black African population groups . Also what concrete consistent sound evidences do you have to demonstrate the accuracy of your assertion above

[@frankscott1708]

@@fabbeyonddadancer The assertion I am making is that the term, the word, "sub-Saharan" is new (1980's) and based in Marxist economics. I am not making a ridiculous claim that there are no actual differences between north African and populations and populations in other parts of Africa. Nor am I saying that those differences are somehow new. It is this term "sub-Saharan" that is new and it is being given explanatory power, categorical power that it does not have...usually in the mouths of people who are ignorant of African geography, history, genetics, economics. If you care to search the term "sub-Saharan" you will see its roots in Marxist economics starting as early as 1972 in work by Paul Beckett but doesn't get popularized generally until the 1980's by people like Jean Copans.

[@lauwilliams-hn8qs]

Bottom line, "sub-saharan" is racist terminology and needs to be treated as such. Africans saturated ALL of Africa for well over 200k years and they still exist in countries located in the northern portion of the continent, regardless of the influx of Arabs in the 600ce era. It's just another Eurocentric moniker with ulterior motives that needs to quit being used.

[@MrZekinhaluiz]

At 8:20 she uses, perfectly, all of the knowledge she presented before and puts it in that simple ideia. Perfectly done. Thank you both very much!

[@MrZekinhaluiz]

And har cat hahahha thanks for the cat!

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Wow, thank you! Your support is truly appreciated!

[@djacnoc6690]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 dummy; north Africa only belong to light amazigh while Subsahary is the continent from where the subsaharan american came as slaves!!!

[@rangerstrade2268]

Thank you. Please do more videos on this topic.

[@zigzag1able]

Has anyone ever pointed out the fact that modern Egyptians have small percentages of West African DNA in them “slave blood” when most of the slaves that came into Egypt and to the Levant were East African. This fact honestly raises the question as to how did West African DNA show up in today’s Egypt so frequently. Could the discovery of Ramses III being closely related to West Africans through his Y-DNA be an answer? 🤔

[@ThePerisherOfThought]

Lol stop being smarta$$.. The 15% are mtdna African "L" Linage in Egyptians and they are 60% in Ethiopians (East Africans) It's mtDNA not atDNA And btw L linages Origin is in East Africa lol.

[@Eric-zc5vt]

Mind blown 🤯

[@AlltNorrOmAleArNorrland]

I think labeling people this traditional American way is tuff. Maybe impossible. Exactly were do you draw the line? Who is white exactly? Are all Turks white? All Bulgarians? All Maltese? All Syrians? All Armenians? All Lebanese? All Egyptian? All Iraqi? All Iranian? All Afghani? Some people in these countries have blue or green eyes and have pale skin and could pass as white I the US. But some in in the same countries (even the very same families) can have olive or brownish skin with dark eyes, black hair etc. Millions of people whom you cannot categorize as either fully whites or non-whites. They are just human

[@bayyinahzhaxx7620]

Herodotus only shows up in the 400's B.C. He couldn't tell you much about much about the people, or lay of the land prior to that.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

LOL well it sure didn’t make them any “lighter.”

[@bayyinahzhaxx7620]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 Agreed! But people lean so heavily one or two opinions. By the time Herodotus shows up things are so different northern africa.

[@Tharuler666]

@@bayyinahzhaxx7620 nah not really

[@DUBsuckafreeTV]

@@bayyinahzhaxx7620 most of his information comes from the Egyptian priests and everyday people in the land…the priests told him essential that the Europeans were babies when it comes to pretty much everything. The cultures the Egyptians and Nubians shared made them indistinguishable from each other. He was even told that Egyptians were a new colony sent out by the Ethiopians. And when you dig you’ll see Ethiopians or cushites influence on Europe, the Middle East AND the Asian continent 🤷🏾‍♂️

[@ruggedtechie5867]

Sure lol , say anything

[@dustinnelson8817]

Sub Saharan was originally a geographic term separating the dry desert climate from the wet jungle climate. If people co-opted it for their racial agenda, that’s unfortunate. But it’s just a word. Technically, we are all sub-Arctic. Is that racist now? Is that what polar bears call us humans south of them? Are we going to ban geographic terms now? Words can’t harm you folks. It’s just air and sound

[@KillahManjaro]

The idea of Sub-Saharan is nuts when you think about it. modern Humans came out of Africa and for some reason the ones that remained somehow did not explore other regions. Madness. Firstly the Sahara wasn't always a desert and the amount of genetic diversity on that continent is mindblowing. You can't get such diversity without people moving around from region to region over thousads of year, plus the Nile is still there. African history is the only history that's political.

[@njandrews4105]

So how would you distinguish between two different Africans from completely separate regions of the continent with completely different features not knowing the exact country they came from if both individuals were named Mohammed and I wanted to know which Mohammed you were talking about ? Lol 😆

[@njandrews4105]

doesn’t matter what people or place of the world you’re referencing History, politics and religion are inseparable.. I challenge you to describe the history of any civilization without mentioning something political

[@rififienforce]

@@njandrews4105 Sahara barrier is not a political thing or a social construct😂

[@njandrews4105]

@@rififienforce did I imply that it was ??..dip 💩

[@Yaw800]

That’s, right, I have always said that the term “sub Saharan “ is a racist term, designed to elevate the people who originated from Turkey and Syria who now reside in the Northern part of the continent.It’s another black put down term concocted by the dirty dog “classic “ western scholars.

[@georgeseifert9378]

Stop talking nonsense, there never was a country called Egypt in ancient times, the name of the land was Kemet.

[@doreenramsey1016]

Yes it is in genesis and in the book of Jubilees. Kemet is invented by black Americans who are not even Africa but Japheth and Fulanis Arab from Arabia.

[@st3019]

It was called Kemet and they were NOT black Africans.

[@doreenramsey1016]

@@st3019 where did God said the ancient land of Egypt is kemet? He told Moses Mitzrahim the second son of Ham settled in Egypt because it was already built by Ham. I will stick to facts not fiction.

[@doreenramsey1016]

@@st3019 Egypt is in Africa. Black Americans are not Africans they are Fulani Arabs and indigenous people of the Americas mixed so they should share no light on Africa history, culture or people. Those who colonized us should leave us alone.

[@st3019]

@@doreenramsey1016 Ok , but I don’t know what do black Africans have to do with Moses and Ham ? Didn’t you know you’re from subsaharan Africa and the history of black Africans have nothing to do with ancient Egypt or Hebrews ?!

[@narmabc]

All black people is saying is that ancient Egypt was founded by black Africans. They were the pyramid builders,we know that other races came later and we acknowledge that. I agree with most of her argument but ancient Egyptians did see racial differences!,from paintings in seti 1 tomb!

[@nousername-zs3yh]

🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@lifeinlife24]

The ancient Egyptians were not Black nor White. In fact nobody has these skin color scientifically speaking. The ancient Egyptians were brown. From the lightest brown to the darkest brown. But more so medium brown as they depicted themselves and given the region. Make no mistake Egypt is an African civilization and we know how diverse Africans look so…….What you said , but not what you said.

[@den4199]

@@lifeinlife24 you do realize there are plenty of people we globally refer to as "black" who are actually brown skinned right?

[@lifeinlife24]

@@den4199 You don't say.

[@markharris1223]

I have had an interest in the ancient world since childhood. Now, as a seventy year old, I am confronted for the first time by the issue of the whiteness or blackness of Egypt. This says much more about current preoccupations than it does about the ethnicity of ancient Egyptians.

[@myztroogeegibson3568]

Every indigenous civilization are people of colour

[@MichaelBeale]

They were NOT black, and there's no actual scientific evidence in conflict on that question. Just read through the DNA studies -- they all show that the Ancient Egyptians were, for all intents and purposes, genetically European.

[@JessJayEel]

We cannot separate Africans from each other. There are distinct populations but they are not pure populations. Africans didn't stay in one place like people love to assume. I know for me, a descendant of enslaved Africans from western Central Africa and West Africa, I also have East African Ancestry. Which means East African people were settling in the north, south, and west. Ancient "Ethiopians" may be a distinct group from let's say south African people, but they also are influenced genetically by middle eastern and east Africa. In those times, people cared more about nationhood, religion, and culture. Not genetic racial purity. People were mixing and forming new cultures and nations. These hardlines we are trying to create cannot be applied to the Ancient world.

[@redacted7989]

The culture of Mediterranean Africa and the Canaries comes from Indo-Europeans and not the dark-skinned cannibals.

[@coconut5002]

SAYS WHO

[@redacted7989]

@@coconut5002 dna.

[@samuelwilliams4978]

The full quote from Herodotus … “For the fact is as I soon came to realise myself, and then heard from others later, that the Colchians are obviously Egyptian. When the notion occurred to me, I asked both the Colchians and the Egyptians about it, and found that the Colchians had better recall of the Egyptians than the Egyptians did of them. Some Egyptians said that they thought the Colchians originated with Sesostris’ army, but I myself guessed their Egyptian origin not only because the Colchians are dark-skinned and curly-haired but more importantly because Colchians,

[@Michael-yx5qx]

Yes said they was from the middle east correct 💯

[@Michael-yx5qx]

That's not black people from Africa buddy

[@samuelwilliams4978]

@@Michael-yx5qx yes, it is. Egypt is on the continent of Africa, buddy.

[@samuelwilliams4978]

@@Michael-yx5qx %100 wrong. See Herodotus' explanations of who they were and Diodorus' eye witness accounts and historical educated accounts. Show where in Ancient history during the time of Herodotus whenever they said or described them as something other than Blacks not coming from the Afro Continent. Show me the Ancient author...i'm waiting

[@samuelwilliams4978]

@@Michael-yx5qx Show where in Ancient history during the time of Herodotus whenever they said or described them as something other than Blacks not coming from the Afro Continent. Show me that Ancient author...i''m waiting

[@marcellusnichols7384]

Black doesn’t mean Africa. No is saying Egyptians aren’t African. Ancient Ethiopia is Sudan and not modern Ethiopia. When people refer to black North Africa, we are referring to Nilotic people. They are a Native group. The problem is west Africa people being painted as the face of Africa. If southern Europeans are white than all Mediterranean people are white which includes North Africans.

[@Afripol]

Egypt (Kemet) civilization was wholly a Black African civilization that was propelled by the gift of Nile River that originated at Lake Victoria and flows through Uganda and South Sudan (Nubia) through Ethiopia into Egypt (kemet). The Romans ruled Egypt for nearly 700 years before the Arabs (Middle easterners), in December 639, conquered the ancient African kingdom. The Muslim conquest of Egypt was led by the army of 'Amr ibn al-'As, took place between 639 and 646 AD and was overseen by the Rashidun Caliphate. It ended the seven-century-long period of Roman reign over Egypt that began in 30 BC. The present day Egyptians are not original natives; those Black Nubians on the Aswan Dam were the natives. Ancient Egypt stretches to the present day Sudan and part of Ethiopia (Cush) not this modern demarcation by European colonialist.

[@amronemhb]

Whi the f are you to go through our history! How dare you come up with theory about a place e with no connections at all, and start propagating a propaganda about! Stick your culture in Ghana or Nigeria or whatever, we don’t have any connections! The theory of colour about a race based on your of history if rediculous ! And we have had enough of your propaganda! Enough is enough !

[@djinnjax3274]

They say they are though. Seem more likely more intermingling happened than people realize.

[@lauwilliams-hn8qs]

@@djinnjax3274 What facts are they using to confirm their existence in Kemet? Saying so, doesn't make it so.

[@djinnjax3274]

@@lauwilliams-hn8qs Genealogy.

[@lauwilliams-hn8qs]

@@djinnjax3274 Soooo, that proves what???

[@ayo9715]

Thank you for saying what many mainstream and many modern white people don't. Plus there are still Black peoples all over North Africa but they are discriminated against and their existence is not acknowledged in censuses.

[@DavidRose-m8s]

Herodotus on the animal's of North Africa shows a range of animals seen only in east Africa or South of the central Sahara today. I presume that these animals were in serious decline even then, with the area losing by degree its animal heritage at least for large animals.

[@massimosquecco203]

Are you sure that this invisible line of discrimination is a product of Europeans? Why nobody takes a look at the Arab contribution to this folks division? I m personally trying to learn objectively about history, and PC mea culpa don't seem appropriate...

[@jknott1509]

The europeans pretty much were farmers until the moors invaded spain and held it for 700 years. Theres a reason they all turned to war at the same time

[@houseofvenusMD]

Arabs didn’t start the transatlantic slave trade nor did they colonize the continent. The Arab slave trade merely exported goods it did not politically redefine the lives of billions of people.

[@massimosquecco203]

@@houseofvenusMD That's not the point! Arabs walked slave highways even before the roman empire, they weren't yet Arabs. They did never lose their tracks, to this day, with their confiscation of passports of labor forces from Asia and Africa. Europeans didn't need to buy people to work their lands in their dwelling countries, and Christiandom forbode that. Arabs, instead, developed the markets for businessmen mostly Europeans across the Atlantics, but, at the same time, they let Zanzibar thrive for other reasons ( Petra of Delos, major slave markets at their heyday were exhausted, so they felt the urge to create new markets) as opposed to Agadir, open to the Americas...

[@houseofvenusMD]

@@massimosquecco203 Wow what a huge historical error. Obviously you haven't read much first hand Spanish or Portuguese accounts. I recommend you read Bartolomeu de las Casas's "A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies" (1552). In it he details how the natives were treated as Prelapsarian and thus could not be enslaved, but the pope had declared blacks fit for enslavement because they were not Christian and also not Prelapsarian (i.e. blacks lived in the "Old World"). I suggest you read some more first hand accounts before we continue this discussion. Christianity forbids slavery as much as Islam does -- you can enslave anyone that is not a believer. In the historical record, Muslims actual follow this rule better than Christians. For example: Afonso I of Kongo had his entire court converted to Catholicism and the Portuguese promptly began kidnapping his family members once they weren't receiving enough slaves by other means. edit: autocorrect changed Afonso I to Alfonso I

[@massimosquecco203]

@@houseofvenusMD ..and I return you the courtesy advising Th Cookbook of Marta Stewart as reading material! I m compelled to assume you are a US American Citizen, seeing your rudeness and, above all, the typical tendency to derail the topic of discussion, and trying to pull the audience on your interests grounds, or eventual goals. Once again: the subject was the Barrier between people from Sub-Sahara and the Mediterranean overseas, which means European countries, NoNoNo Americanos. I came to you because of empathy: Your book seems about Spaniards trafficking human lives, isn't it? Isabella di Castiglia and Ferdinando d'Aragona were the sovereigns who let Christopher discover the new Indias, and also the first rulers who controlled Spain after the departure of the Arabs. In all honesty, what kind of infrastructures, discoveries and markets could they establish

[@newjerseyselfdefense6199]

Especially be it the Sahara completed desertification 5,000 years ago - before that it was wet with large bodies of water.

[@mikligardur9104]

And before that it was desert again and even bigger during the last ice age maxinum approx 20-25 thousand years ago. Also during sahara humid period the desert never completly vanished.

[@alexhurt7919]

That's actually based on psuedo-science. You wanna hear the sole evidence for the theory you're talking about? Analysis of the content of mud off the western coast of Africa. People just took it and ran as if it was undisputed fact even though it's barely even a hypothesis.

[@gustavusadolphus1915]

Modern day eyptians carry the north african E strain, more specifically the E-M78 + V-22, basically the very exact same strain that has always been dominant in Egypt since ancient times and all the dna studies proves this again and again.

[@MCfact1827]

I already know this is a lie. But produce prove E-M78 and V22 was in ancient Egypt. Show the study.

[@africanmindsetseries]

Lies 😂😂😂. Nice try... Ancient Egyptians were Africans, not Arabs or Europeans. Mordern Egyptians are predominantly of Arab and european descent, not related to the original inhabitants of ancient Egypt.

[@gustavusadolphus1915]

@@MCfact1827 The genetic lines of the ancient Egyptians have a strong continuity between grandfather and grandson 3 genetic studies were carried out on many Egyptian mummies, including the mummies of King Ramesses III and the royal advisor "Yoya" from the reign of King Amenhotep III and the mummy of King Tutankhamun. Egyptian structures that migrated to Sudan in the late era were also included in the studies. The results of these studies were as follows: E-M78 strain was recorded in 52% of the samples, while J1a, J2a, R1b and G2a were recorded in 11% for each of these strains, and finally the T strain was recorded in 4% of the samples. Note that the strains of the current Egyptians are divided into E-M78 and the rest of the branches associated with it by 62%, J1 by 6%, J2 by ​​4%, R1b by 3%, G by 2%, T by 1%, F by 10%, and J1+J2 by ​​3%. We conclude, therefore, that there is a very strong genetic continuity between contemporary Egyptians and their ancestors, the builders of the Egyptian civilization. This continuity showed a genetic match between 85% and 91%, and it increases with the development of genetics, and there are some remote villages where the genetic continuity reaches 100%. Ancient Egyptian genetic studies ‏www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-27356-8 ‏doi.org/10.1134%2FS1995078020050183 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5459999/ ‏ Cairo genetic studies : (M. Tarik et al. 2022) ‏static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-022-05076-3/MediaObjects/41598_2022_5076_MOESM2_ESM.xlsx ‏www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-05076. Alexandria and delta genetic studies : Luccotte and Mercier ‏History in the interpretation of the pattern of p49a,f Taq I RFLP Y-chromosome variation in Egypt: A consideration of multiple lines of evidence ‏onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajhb.20428. Aswan studies ‏www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1875176808000413

[@gustavusadolphus1915]

@@africanmindsetseries nope all u write is pure lies. Let me tell u this, ur name is probably John Wilson, u are a black man from USA who carry the last name of your former slave owner and u feel bad about it. Ur roots hails from west Africa similar to that of kunta kinte. U do not like that part of your background so u appropriate Egyptian civilisation inorder to combat your inferiority complex. Why do u blacks from USA create so much havoc around u? Black on black crime statistics is high, blacks commit highest levels of gun violence(look at chicago). And the list goes on and on. Why are u like this?

[@EbikeAdventures667]

This Channel went from Neo-Nazi breading grounds to Pan-African enlightening real quick. I'm subscribing now 👍🏽

[@user-fb7or1wt3t]

Lots of words which I don't usually hear from historians. I do hear them quite often from some other people - social studies people, critical race theory people, racist people.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Because ensuring black people are not erased from history is sooooooo racist.

[@treliaris888]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 are people who share the same, more or less, skin pigmentation the same ethnically, culturally or linguistically?

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

@@treliaris888 nope. Just like "white people" are not the same. Topic being there were black people well established in North Africa. Everyone knows (I think) that North Africa was culturally / racially diverse.

[@user-fb7or1wt3t]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 I'm not aware of any instance of " black people being erased from history" . Every single book or video i find about the history of ancient Egypt mentions the dual ethnical composition with intermittent rule and lack of racially driven conflict in ancient egyptian society. Why do i hear expressions like "white washing", unless this is a social studies video. Why do I hear a doctor ( academic i presume) dismissing a usual geographical term like sub-saharan on accounts that some unmentioned racist powers are using it to claim that Africa is white ( I've never heard this before tbh), unless we have critical race theory on the menu. Why does a white female academic feel the powerful urge to defend the ancient geographical disposition of a certain racial group unless she believes that the people belonging to that group are so inferior, defenceless, uncultured and overall ignorant, that only she, the white academic, can possibly find the true salvation. This seems like racism to me. Well intended, but still.

[@twogungunnar9456]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 Cut the coy sarcasm shit. NO ONE is saying they're opposed to "ensuring black people are not erased from history". You're acting like you think that's what they said, as a rhetorical judo move. The issue is that there's a real movement that's seeking to "balance out" Eurocentric history by overcorrecting in the opposite direction, and terms like "whitewashing" are terms they use. Sarcastic rhetorical strawmanning is ALSO what they do. You're losing credibility fast.

[@exumapigtours4375]

Just wondering, was there really a herodotus? If so what alphabet he wrote his original work, and what academic institution did he attended to learn the skill of writing? The Greeks got their alphabet script from the ancient Egyptians after Alexandria was established. Are there Egyptian manuscripts of herodotus work since traditional beliefs states he went to Egypt for his education?

[@neutralfellow9736]

The Greeks had an alphabet 1000 years before Herodotus lol, wtf are you smoking?

[@thereturnoftheancientones6725]

Agreed..... there’s no writing on a mass level until the invention of papyrus paper.... literacy started in Africa.

[@thereturnoftheancientones6725]

The amount if african writting, and papyrus they found is clear evidence...over tens of thousands lol

[@giwrgoshmm9430]

hellas invented the alphabet sir, they still use it after 6,000 years in the names of virus: ομικρον,δελτα. lol..u should be thnkfull to them instead of that

[@oussama1811]

as a North African Algerian for the thousand time North Africa was never and will never be black!

[@tipsandtricks6071]

I guess you don't understand that the oldest DNA is found in black people and no other race. That's where here before all other races and everyone else genetically changed to Arab Asian Hispanic or white it's not my opinion (mitochondrial eve) look her up proves it.

[@oussama1811]

@@tipsandtricks6071 ok then, isawel aq'idi se Tamazight mala ? Oh you don't speak Berber ?, strange, I thought you guys were here before us, because as far as I'm concerned numidia Mauritania Carthage Massyles massysiles garamantes and every kingdom here spoke Berber before islam,but alright we can settle it in another way, show me your tifinagh tattoos ? no tattoos ? Name me your past 10 ancestors ? still can't ?, Alr, which imazighen tribe do you belong to ? you have absolutely no idea about the history of the region mate, you aren't even worth to be taken seriously lol, instead of parasiting to other people's legacy how about you focus on your country and your legacy ? and lmao don't bring up genetics you're making a joke of yourself

[@tipsandtricks6071]

The difference between me and you is that everything I said about DNA can literally be watched on KZbin videos from reliable sources and you can look at the articles online. The science doesn't care about your feelings. The Americans in America have been here for 400 years that does not make them the original people. It's the same way the current people living in Egypt are not the original people. Herodotus was unbiased and is a source of unbiased information because he saw the true Egyptians and what they look like. He described them as black and he will be more accurate than anything you say.

[@oussama1811]

@@tipsandtricks6071 and again you got no arguments, you got no knowledge on the genetic side of it and If you did you wouldn't be falling for those biased afro centrist KZbinrs, but it doesn't really matter, cuz *actual* science and genetics side with us, no one is going to take you people seriously your whole racist community is a joke lol, North Africa isn't black and never was, case closed

[@rififienforce]

@@tipsandtricks6071 lol. You mentionning Dna and jumping to Hérodote 😂 And Dna proved North Africa was never black.

[@proman1926]

Sub Saharan is a European way of denigrating Africans. Italians and Greeks aren’t called Sub Alp Europeans. It sounds close to sub human. Berbers traded and fought with the Mali empire for centuries.

[@panafricandesignsandapparel]

I appreciate Dr. Kennedy's honesty

[@CG-if9xq]

Honest? 🤥

[@khumorampete9310]

@@CG-if9xqyes honest No pseudoscience racist bullshit

[@michaelandrew964]

Could you explain differences in DNA between “Sub-Saharan”, Semite, Italic-Grecian-Caucasian, Celtic-Caucasian, Germanic-Slavic Caucasian? White supremacy has nothing to do with it.

[@topcatseriosblack8396]

Great question and it's not afrocentric

[@topcatseriosblack8396]

@@LostTumbs Pretty close

[@MrTimothy87]

Ots geography that makes the difference and what parts of the DNA we look at..we are all connected on different levels but are all the same..the skin color is only evidence of the region you are from not that you are different..look at the whole picture and not just what we want to see..that is white supremacy..we are more alike than we are different..

[@JessJayEel]

DNA studies are limited. It only proves migratory patterns. From there we can make educated guesses based on modern settlements. For example, all humans came from East Africa. From there they can see where your ancestors moved and settled. It doesn't tell you what nations they formed, if they were colonized vs a colonizer, etc. A lot of people are using limited information and making bold statements. For example, due to the nature of the slave trade some African Americans will trace their paternal haplogroup to Europe eventhough they are of African descent. Will a scientist 500 years from now assume they were "European enslaved peoples in Ancient America"? We have to be okay with the fact that, while we may have clues from the past, we won't know everything about it. Also we need to stop politicizing history. We live in the modern world and if don't contribute anything right now it makes no sense to use your ancestor's work to beat your chest.

[@rififienforce]

@@MrTimothy87 lol. No. Subsaharans were striclty isolated since they appared less than 10000 years ago😂. Sahara, jungles and mad rivers were impassable barriers.😂

[@thenigerianjew1698]

If they give up ancient Egypt then they have to give up ISRAEL..

[@spogb6899]

Who will give up Egypt? They don't own Egypt 😂😂 Do you think the 110 million Egyptians will simply recognize you a Nigerian as their ancestor or whatsoever you claim? Hilarious 🤡😂😂🤡

[@samuelwilliams4978]

The Ancient people of Kemet were Black Africans like any other. (Also Diodorus said that Ethiopians said Egypt is merely a colony of Nubia.) The full quote from Herodotus … “For the fact is as I soon came to realise myself, and then heard from others later, that the Colchians are obviously Egyptian. When the notion occurred to me, I asked both the Colchians and the Egyptians about it, and found that the Colchians had better recall of the Egyptians than the Egyptians did of them. Some Egyptians said that they thought the Colchians originated with Sesostris’ army, but I myself guessed their Egyptian origin not only because the Colchians are dark-skinned and curly-haired (which does not count for much by itself , because these features are common in others too) but more importantly because Colchians. Lastly: Zahi Hawass a well known Egyptian-egyptologist said "ancient Egyptians had dark(black) skin but not negroes bcz look at the the negroes lips and noses and look at theirs, they are completely different. This is why you can not connect the Egyptian civilization with African at all." ( I GUESS OUR NOSES AND LIPS ARE FROM LEVANT) From: dailynewsegypt.com "Zahi Hawass Admits That Egyptians Were Black Skinned | In order to determine ethnicity, anthropologists can use skulls. There are numerous criteria that influence their final deductions. 1. There is the... | By Mr. Imhotep | Facebook" m.facebook.com/Mr.Imhotepoff/videos/zahi-hawass-admits-that-egyptians-were-black-skinned/684167532588019/ Gaston Maspero, 19th-century French Egyptologist, stated that "by the almost unanimous testimony of ancient Greek historians, they Ancient Egyptians belonged to the African race, which settled in Ethiopia." Additional evidence of Egypt's origins comes from the geneaology of Noah in Genesis. Noah's three sons are Ham, Shem and Japeth, the ancestors of the three main branches of humankind known to the biblical writers. Ham is indubitably the ancestor of the black race; his name comes from the Egyptian "kam" meaning "black." His sons are Misraim (Egypt), Cush (Ethiopia), Canaan (Palestine) and Phut (Punt or East Africa). Though allegorical on one level, the Old Testament writers were accurately reflecting known ethnic relationships of antiquity by placing the Egyptians in the black or African branch of humanity. Count Constantine : the year 1787, upon seeing all of the evidence of the African in Egypt, Count Constantine De Volney wrote: "Just think, that this race of Black men, today our slave and the object of our scorn, is the very race to which we owe our arts, sciences, and even the use of speech!" Quote from 1867 by founding father, Egyptologist Champollion Figeac - “The first tribes that inhabited Egypt that is, the Nile Valley between the Syene cataracts and the sea, came from Abyssinia to Sennar. The ancient Egyptians belonged to a race quite similar to the Kennous or Barabras, present inhabitants of Nubia In the Copts of Egypt we do not find any of the characteristic features of the ancient Egyptian population. The Copts are the result of crossbreeding with all the nations that have successively dominated Egypt . It is wrong to seek in them the principal features of the old race.” ("Scientist shocked to discover ancient Egyptians were black"...see KZbin) See also: "New Evidence Ancient Egyptians were Black, November, 2022". KZbin

[@samuelwilliams4978]

@Daniel E. Notice.. No Ancient Historians from the ancient times describe Black Africans/Egyptians as being White or European or pinkish in hue. If anyone disagrees you are welcome to go to Egypt and witness the preserved skin on all of the mummies preserved, all have black/Afro skin and hair retained. Gaston Maspero " by the almost unanimous testimony of ancient Greek historians, they ancient Egyptians belonged to the African race, which settled in Ethiopia."

[@samuelwilliams4978]

@Daniel E. Also from Dr. Hawass: Zahi Hawass a well known Egyptian-egyptologist said "ancient Egyptians had dark(black) skin but not negroes bcz look at the the negroes lips and noses and look at theirs, they are completely different. This is why you can not connect the Egyptian civilization with African at all.". ( IN OTHER WORDS OUR LIPS AND NOSES ARE FROM LEVANT.) But since Zahi Hawass wants lips to prove it with dark skin too. Let's prove it, we have an abundance of truth: Lucian of Samosata (The Ship or the Wishes): "Well, but, Samippus, this boy was nothing great, that he should make such a conquest; Adimantus has the beauties of Athens at his beck; nice gentlemanly boys, with good Greek, on their tongues, and the mark of the gymnasium on every muscle; a man may languish under their rigours with some credit. As for this fellow, to say nothing of his dark skin, and protruding lips, and spindle shanks, his words came tumbling out in a heap, one on the top of another; it was Greek, of course, but the voice, the accent were Egyptian born. And then his hair: no freeman ever had his hair tied up in a knot behind like that."

[@samuelwilliams4978]

Also, show where ancient historians during the time of Herodotus wrote that Ancient Egyptians were something other than Black African? Please show that..

[@samuelwilliams4978]

Dr. Zahi Hawass even admits the skulls are Black African. See You tube.. The visuals are the same as was reported by the Greeks and Romans etc. The Ancients saw the lips and noses and skin and made their conclusions/Black Afro.

[@rififienforce]

@@samuelwilliams4978 Zahi Hawass never said that afro bullshit 😂

[@tabathadavis2917]

Thank you for this video. I appreciate her speaking the truth.

[@intellectualsmoke]

Accept all the statues are of black faces. If they aren't nubian they sure warshipped them😂

[@mahidikarif2123]

The term Sub-Saharan is a racist term used to differentiate North Africans of today from the Africans in the South. During ancient Africa, there was no sub-Saharan desert. It was green and plush. All of Africa was black. There was no dividing line.

[@mrheimdall]

White people also try to tell you that Ethiopians are Caucasians. 😆😆😆😆

[@georgeseifert9378]

There never was a country called Egypt or a land called Africa in ancient times the name was Kemet and ALKEBULA. I hope you can stop spreading falsehood.

[@raidermanic872]

Talk to em!

[@rififienforce]

Alkebuka😂 Why not wakanda?😂

[@RRR-bw8jk]

Awesome interview!

[@a.s.4579]

You forgot to mentioned about the indigenous non-black natives of North Africa that Herodotus mentioned too , the ancient Libyans (libu) or berbers who were the lighter skinned North Africans living more near the coast and the Atlas Mountains while in the central Sahara (in between south of the modern day state of Libya and chad/niger) the Aethiopians lived(Tebbu tribe) in the more souther parts as you can see in the map of Herodotus that placed the name in the more souther parts. Majority of Maghrebis are not arabs but arabised native berbers with minor souther European input.

[@wyihupoip8105]

The southern European input only arrived in the first century BC, after the Carthaginian defeat by Rome. That would have been the first mass contact between some north Africans and the Mediterranean peoples. Before that time, going back as far as 500 BC and beyond, the Berbers would have been all black in complexion, identical to Ethiopians, Sudanese and Somalis today. And I will go as far as saying the inhabitants of all of the Maghreb would have been various different shades of black, with some noticeable lighter than others.

[@a.s.4579]

​@@wyihupoip8105 As a North African native berber myself I'm just frustrated with all the nonsense that extreme afrocentrists invent about us. Berbers/North Africans have never been black ! it's not that North Africa was black until the romans invaded this is a myth and it really makes me laugh. Extreme afrocentrism against berbers is hurting the Amazigh identity/heritage that is already at risk of being erased because of panarabist regime in North Africa so we don't need extreme afrocentrists usually from afro-american and Caribbean background that suffers from an identity crisis to steal our history and heritage. The proof is the Guanches (berbers) who were an isolated berber group that lived in the Canary Islands off the coast of Morocco in the Atlantic Ocean and remained completely isolated from the invasions of romans, greeks,vandals,byzantines , arabs and they knew no judaism, christianity or islam.The Spanish when they colonised the islands in the 15th century depicted the Guanches as being mediterranean/brown looking never as black before they genocided them. This is what Herodotus had to say about the inhabitants of North Africa 2500 ya : Herodotus (1.46) used "Libue" to indicate North Africa ; the "Libues" proper were the light-skinned North Africans, while those south of Egypt (and Elephantine on the Nile) were known to him as "Aethiopians" (black africans of other ethnicities/culture and language); this was also the understanding of later Greek geographers such Diodorus Siculus, Strabo, etc. To the ancient Greeks, Libya was one of the three known continents along with Asia and Europe. In this sense, Libya was the whole known African continent to the west of the Nile Valley and extended south of Egypt. Herodotus described the inhabitants of Libya as two peoples: The Libyans (amazigh) in northern Africa and the "Aethiopians" (black africans of other ethnicities/languages and cultures) in the south. According to Herodotus, Libya began where Ancient Egypt ended, and extended to Cape Spartel, south of Tangier on the Atlantic coast. The Gaetulians (in Latin: Gaetuli) were an ancient population of North Africa, nomadic, who lived in the pre-desert and desert regions of the interior about the same level as today's Algeria and Morocco. They had Numidia and Mauretania to the north and the Garamantes to the east. The provinces of Mauretania and Numidia, with the southern territories of Mauri, Gaetulians and Musulami. In fact, we find the name of the Getuli used by Roman writers to refer to the nomadic tribes that populated the southern slopes of Mons Aurasius (the Aurès massif) and the Atlas chain up to the Atlantic Ocean, as well as the oases of the northern part of the Sahara . They were always quite distinct from the black Africans of the sub-Saharan or Saharian regions, and almost certainly belonged to the same Berber population that formed the basis of the inhabitants of Numidia and Mauretania. It is possible that the tribes found on those territories today are of the same ethnic group and maintain the same nomadic habits; and it is also possible that in some places they still retain the name of their ancestors Getuli (according to Vivien-St.-Martin, Le Nord de l'Afrique, 1863). When mixed with the black populations of the Sahara, it seems to refer Ptolemy's reference to the Melanogaetuli (IV. 6. 5.). They were renowned for breeding horses, and according to Strabo they would have had 100,000 foals in a single year. They wore skins, lived on meat and milk and the only artisanal product associated with their name is a purple dye that became fashionable from the time of Augustus, and was produced from the purple shell Murex brandaris which is found on the coast both of Syrti and the Atlantic. Tincture in Ancient Rome (in English) So the greek/roman historians/ethnographers always clearly distinguished the berbers from the black african/sub-saharid population dwelling further south or in some scattered regions of the sahara. Study on the origins of North Africans/berbers : The first inhabitants of North Africa (of which we have the oldest skeleton finding and the most ancient DNA extracted from it) , the Iberomaurusians(mtdna u6, eurasian haplogroup) were archaic cro magnon people who migrated into the territory more than 30 000 years ago from the near east "back" into Africa. Cro Magnon type skulls, called Mechtoid skulls are found over North Africa. Multiple studies confirm that the Cro-Magnon (Mechta) population had been living in North Africa for a very long time. According to genetic research published in 2010, part of the modern population displays a genetic marker that is characteristic of a transition from Cro-Magnon (Mechta) type to the Mediterranean type, and is restricted to North Africa. This suggests that an expansion of the Mediterranean group took place in North Africa around 10,500 years ago and spread to neighboring populations. What anthropological studies of prehistoric peoples demonstrate is that the Cro-Magnon (Mechta)-type people were the sole inhabitants of the Mediterranean and North Africa regions, including the Canary Islands, prior to 10,500 years ago. According to Kefi et al. 2005, study about the Taforalt population more than 12,000 yrs ago) the populations had a Cro-magnon-like morphology (Mechtoids) and likely a cultural link with Iberia (Ibero-maurusian culture/Oranian culture) Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change. The majority of the Mechtoid DNA is haplogroup U and U6, along with H, with haplogroup U making up 33% of the Mechtoid genome, with Haplogroup H making up a total of 22% of the Mechtoid genome. And Iberomaurusian fossils excavated at the Ifri'N Ammar site (pre-historic cave in Morocco) carrying Haplogroup U6, which was displayed at a frequency occurrence of 50% of their genome. Haplogroup U6 emerged 35,000KYA, which is genetically and archaeological consistent with back-to-Africa migration from a Eurasian population that predated the Holocene (12,000YA). Population expansion in the North African Late Pleistocene signalled by mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U6. “The most probable origin of the proto-U6 lineage was the Near East. Around 30,000 years ago it spread to North Africa where it represents a signature of regional continuity… Attested presence of Caucasoids people in northern Africa goes up to Paleolithic times… Linguistic research suggests that the Afroasiatic phylum of languages could have originated and extended with these Caucasoids... " (“Mitochondrial DNA transit between West Asia and North Africa inferred from U6 phylogeography” Nicole Maca-Meyer, Ana M González, José Pestano, Carlos Flores, José M Larruga, Vicente M Cabrera; 2003) North Africans cluster= components(part of our DNA) with people outside of Africa rather than with people below the Sahara. Genetic evidence supports a Eurasian back migration into North Africa ~30,000 BP. Both Europeans and North Africans came out of the Levant about 40-45,000 years ago. The North African ‘Cro Magnids’ differed slightly from their European cousins, with a lower sloping forehead and heavier brows. The Iberomaurusian is mostly restricted to the Maghreb ~20,000 years ago. Iberomaurusian gave rise to the Capsian and Capsian is Amazigh/Berber. Capsians are descendants of Iberomaurusians who were the first mediterranean people ever lived in Northern Africa at least 45,000 years BP. Capsians were Proto-Berbers/Imazighen PARTLY derived from the natufians in the neolithic. The Capsian people were descendants of the first agriculturalist/pastoralists that moved out of the levant area, with a more ancient ancestry from the earlier ‘Mechtoid’ people, who seem to have migrated into North Africa from Eurasia about 30,000 years ago. Their skulls are described as generally being ‘proto-Mediteranean’, with gracile bones. They are the ancestors of modern Imazighen/Berbers, whose DNA shows a continuity of about 30,000 years in North Africa. So as you can see from the study it's the berbers who were eurasian in origin with a regional continuity of 30,000 years that are the original and later became known as being the actual berbers , the ancient Libyans (numidians,libu,gaetulians,mauri,nasamones,garamantes,tehenu,meshwesh...) So the Amazigh culture/language was born and evolved with the berbers who were eurasian in origin not east african in origin.The black berbers that have a sub-Saharan face structure (some tuaregs) are not the original but just assimilated or berberised people of different ethnicities of black africans (like the Ikelan who are Nilotic in origin). This is because the ethnic tuaregs (the ones who look brown) assimilated into berber culture/language lots of black africans in the souther sahara and sahelian region and interbreed.

[@wyihupoip8105]

@@a.s.4579 I respect Berber culture. I am not an Afrocentric, I'm just an honest African, from north west Africa. I am too busy to reply back essays. But if you are to see the Tuareg people of Chad, Niger and Mauritania they are a berber group of people, they are much darker than highly mixed modern Berbers of North Africa. The Tuareg Berbers remains less mixed than the Moroccan berbers today. The truth of the matter is that some people in the north feel like they are losing their identity as a result of millenniums of mixing with other groups not native to the continent. I understand your frustration, but I don't agree with your denials.

[@a.s.4579]

@@wyihupoip8105 no the black berbers among the Tuareg , they are the assimilated it's not the other way around. It's not true that they are the pure original berbers. As the study that I posted say , the original berbers that created berber culture (from the pre-historic proto-mediterranean capsian culture ) were eurasian in origin. Just inform yourself about the ikelan heritage , they are assimilated black africans of different ethnicities especially Nilotic that adopted the customs and the language of ethnic tuaregs which are the ones who are not black. Afrocentrists try to portray the black berbers among the tuaregs as being the original when it's the other way around... So berber is not a race but a cultural linguistic group of diverse people. But some are ethnically berbers and some are just culturally berber like the Ikelan. The tuaregs mixed as well with people that were not ethnically berber , they mixed with black people of other ethnicities and assimilated them into berber culture. According to genetic studies the least mixed berber group or the purest with highest score of indigenous north african dna and the lowest Southern European or sub-saharan addmixture are the mozabites berbers of central Algeria and the chennini berbers of south Tunisia. They look neither white or black but mediterranean with olive skin tone.

[@wyihupoip8105]

@@a.s.4579 I am Fulani. I had my genes analysed 2 years ago and found that I was 60% Chadian Tuareg and Fulani, 15% Hausa, 5% Mandinka, 2% Iberian, 18% other North Western African ethnicities. That tells me that within Africa, there have been greater mixing of various different ethnicity groups especially amongst the Muslims. Today North Africa remains the most mixed region in the world. As the region has been invaded and colonized by at least 11 different racial groups in 2500 years. As a result, trying to identify an indigenous ethnically intact group that have existed pre 2500 years has proven almost impossible due to millenniums of mixing in the region. Whereas, the sub saharans peoples of the continent have remained mostly unmixed with minimal non African peoples. Today some Moroccan Berbers believe the are more ethnically closer to the black Tuaregs, whilst some believe they are Europeans. I do believe that the original indeginous berber people would have been identical to the Tuareg people today, though there are light and dark skined Tuaregs today. However, what ever the case may be, we all remain distinctively African. And thats the most important thing.

[@njandrews4105]

Perhaps she’s black washing North Africa

[@nousername-zs3yh]

yup

[@rififienforce]

She is racist

[@Sisyphus317]

Most people think there were dark skinned people in the Mediterranean Africa, but they were ruled by light skinned Mediterranean from the Levant.

[@hamzaalmdghri8741]

No

[@Sisyphus317]

@@hamzaalmdghri8741 Yes

[@hamzaalmdghri8741]

@@Sisyphus317 The Phoenicians ruled Tunisia and parts of Libya and Algeria

[@Sisyphus317]

@@hamzaalmdghri8741 the Phoenicians are from the Levant

[@problactive285]

Whose silly enough to think dark skin is only found in certain areas. Dark skinned people populated the entire planet.

[@sanza555]

The same applies to the area we now call "the middle east". In ancient times, this area was inhabited by black Africans and was considered to be part of the Nubian continent.

[@divvsivlivs5406]

Lmfao, what? The Phoenicians, Assyrians, Babylonians, and Arabs WUZ BLACK N SHIEET TOO?

[@kordellsmall8301]

@@divvsivlivs5406 You big mad 😂😂😂

[@DeVaughnDawn]

@@divvsivlivs5406 the Andamanese still exist today, hold the oldest “Asian” genes out of all of Asia’s population yet everyone living on mainland Asia isn’t black anymore.... so weird. I guess I’d be crazy to claim they used to be black given the logic that they’re related to their oldest ancestors, the Andamanese.

[@divvsivlivs5406]

@@DeVaughnDawn Yes, to say WE WUZ JAPANEZ N SHIET just because "Andamanese diverged from the Japanese D1a2 lineage ~53000 years ago", is no less absurd than saying WE WUZ PLANTZ N SHIEET(just because we share a common ancestor with plants, bacterium, or apes). No, the Negrito did only "inhabit isolated parts of Southeast Asia, and the Andaman Islands"; not "ASIAAAA". No, you can't just group yourself with them under "black" and hypothesize a common ethnos; when they are as genetically close to your slave ancestors (from western and central africa) as they are to any Indo-Europeans "white" man. In fact, they are gentically closest to indians and Australian aborigines; and you wouldn't say WE WUZ INDIANZ, expecting to be taken seriously, would you? Lastly, you guys seriously need to treat the WE WUZ syndrom; as no one sensible would fall for it, would make you a subject of ridicule, and would make people suspicious to the existence of a real lack of culture that might be the origin of this inferiority complex; driving these half-hearted attempts to appropriate distant cultures.

[@rififienforce]

Lol.

[@rabbiteighteen4012]

She's actually right, everyone wants to be part of this so called "dominant race", it's almost instinctive

[@ta-setiwarrior1848]

Kemit or Egypt started in the south. Ta- seti is older than Egypt by six hundred years before Egypt.

[@capoislamort100]

Exactly, Kerma was the world’s first thriving metropolis.

[@rififienforce]

Lol

[@iopehema]

Thank you Dr. Kennedy May RA bless you ever more.