Has Sweden Invented Green Steel?

[@JeffHalverson]

Please do due diligence on your sponsors. Kamikoto is at least dishonest (not Japanese) or at worst an outright scam!

[@hunter-tm2kl]

yeah that kind of ruined the whole video for me

[@kinngrimm]

also i suppose it is not using green steel 0_0

[@ristekostadinov2820]

i would say is dishonest because at least they send you the knives, with that being said they aren't japanese registered entity nor they're made in Japan

[@hunter-tm2kl]

@@ristekostadinov2820 their corporate address for a while was literally a hotel room in Japan until someone figured it out then they changed it to their real address in Hong Kong

[@-Vim-]

Love your videos but Kamikoto knives is a scam. It is one company of "fail ventures" (not kidding, that is their real name) who has other scam companies like established titles and deal dash. Knives are produced in China without Japanese steal and since the mother company have failed 70 times out of 74 attempt to create companies, the life long guarantee is probably as guaranteed as the Line being constructed;-).

[@File001]

Not to mention that the steel the knives are made out of is most definitely not "green" and carbon-free, I would assume.

[@John-gw3mj]

It's also really bad steel that doesn't hold an edge as well as even a cheap supermarket knife. See Shadiversity's video from about 6 months ago for details.

[@jonathanj8303]

Went looking for this comment. The irony of a kamikoto sponsorship on a video about actual 'green' carbon steel is something else.

[@brianedwards7142]

I wonder how many youtubers 🥔 have a set of knives rather than a skeleton in their closets. lol.

[@angrydragonslayer]

@@File001 is it even steel?

[@kurzerpfurzer1254]

I know from my professor, that the german companies like SalzgitterSteel are currently trying to implement this production technique for their production. The even plan on building windgenerators on the facillityground to produce the hydrogen.

[@Ruhrpottpatriot]

In General, the concept of "green-steel" is nothing new. ThyssenKrupp is currently trying to convert their furnaces to accept gas, such that they can be easily switched to Hydrogen later on. So no. Sweden has not discovered "green-steel".

[@fridaybot]

@@Ruhrpottpatriot well no one else has made green steel before, as gas furnaces do still have massive co2 emissions. Your basis is the person who jumped basicly flew for the first time and solved flight. Achieving and theoretically trying are vastly different. In this endeavor Sweden was first.

[@Ruhrpottpatriot]

@@fridaybot No, the title of this video was "Has Sweden invented green steel". The usage of a know practice is not "inventing", it's "implementing". And then even that is false. The Deutsche Edelstahlwerke already has a production method in place with reduced CO2 emissions by 90%, the swedes have 95%.

[@trail-coffee4654]

@@Ruhrpottpatriot ​ H2S replaces a blast furnace by directly reducing iron ore (historically done with coke to make pig iron or natural gas to make direct reduced iron). You currently cannot make all grades of steel from scrap in an electric arc furnace (EAF) like at Deutsche Edelstahlwerke (a scrap melter/mini-mill when compared to the integrated mill in video). The breakthrough is reducing iron ore with hydrogen, not burning it for heat in a furnace like at Saltzgitter (mills have lots of furnaces from melting to post cold rolling)

[@Ruhrpottpatriot]

@@trail-coffee4654 So exactly what TK wants to do starting 2024, i.e. 6 years prior to the plant from H2 Green Steel? To quote TK: "thyssenkrupp Steel targets to put the first DR-plant into operation on an industrial scale in 2024." Currently TK runs a H2 electrolysis plant in a venture with STEAG with 500MW capaity. This H2 will be used for DRI. Also TK isn't building a completely new plant from scratch, like H2GreenSteel, but refitting running furnaces, which has additional complications.

[@_Mackan]

Wait a moment, Fred Mills runs tomorrows build AND the B1M? This explains so much

[@jramseier]

I was taken aback for a sec, but same

[@TheVonMatrices]

He might also be the Terminator @1:00

[@JamesFFiT]

Scroll right to the bottom page of the channel home page - also has Build in Brief 🤣

[@simonair]

This gives wendover productions and half as interesting vibes

[@krashd]

Wait until you discover that he's been doing this for around a decade. There is a long road of hard work behind every successful KZbinr, they may appear to come out of nowhere but they don't.

[@derblahherr]

Actually there are plenty of steelmakers in Europe discussing/planning to use the HDR-method. There are also some initiatives in Germany for example to modernise entire industrial regions by focusing on using hydrogen instead of fossil fuels. Its really interesting to see what synergy effects are possible when you connect different industries (from byproducts that can be used somewhere else to redirecting process heat). Only downside atm is the cost of green hydrogen (production as well as transportation and storage) and the lack of proper subsidies from governments. Hydrogen imo is really being held back by the "let's electrify everything" agenda. But let's see where we are in 5 years

[@mennol3885]

And governments don't know where to spend those green euro's effectively. Making car manufactures spend billions on R&D to make diesels 1% cleaner. While the steel industry is pumping out CO2. And also offshoring manufacturing has also not helped reducing global emissions.

[@kalvindeane1]

Carbon free steel can be accomplished through molten oxide electrolysis which is far cheaper and less energy intensive than hydrogen. I don't see hydrogen winning this race personally

[@koriifaloju2051]

I totally agree A lot more investment in R&D to bring the cost down and especially find materials that are cheaper to make electrolyzer more cost efficient The energy solutions to produce GH2 cheaply are available, it’s just the equipment to convert and then the best solution to store/transport ( which might be ammonia) Solve for electrolyzer membranes and we are well on our way

[@SirSwed]

They are building a larger green steel factory in the neighbouring town of Boden. It's called H2 Green Steel. It will be the worlds first large-scale green steel factory in the world when it starts its production next year.

[@95TurboSol]

What's the cost difference to use this method? And how much energy does it take to make the hydrogen for the process?

[@gavwah]

Opex alone is multiple $100s per tonne more expensive. Capex is catastrophic. If it were in anyway close in cost, everyone would be doing it already.

[@95TurboSol]

@@gavwah That's what I figured

[@marcusalm7350]

To be fair to the price... This is not even early adopter costs, this is prototype stage. A small plant for proof of concept and science. It will take time for production of scale, combined with mechanics like carbon tax schemes to make this economically viable. But we need to start somewhere.

[@gavwah]

@@marcusalm7350 it's not a coincidence that Thyssenkrupp will switch their first BF off in favor of Natural Gas DRI in 2026 considering what the EU's plan is for their carbon tax. Unless your grid averages less than 0.15 t CO2 eq / MWh, natural gas actually has lower emissions than hydrogen in this application.

[@1968Christiaan]

I love the subtitle "Images not indicative of Fred's cooking ability " - the rest of the video is also great and good to hear about new solutions to big problems.

[@chattphotos]

Every country needs a good first-world solutionist

[@zehgames6064]

Denmark is still better ;D

[@charlespayne1707]

The first work on this process began way back in the 1950's. Brazil was hoping to create a domestic steel industry but while having abundant iron ore deposits there was little coal to turn into coke.

[@koriifaloju2051]

Thank you I remember hearing about that..... Brazil has a good future ahead if they work a few things out

[@koriifaloju2051]

Thank you I remember hearing about that..... Brazil has a good future ahead if they work a few things out

[@koriifaloju2051]

Thank you I remember hearing about that..... Brazil has a good future ahead if they work a few things out

[@TheWitchAlexis]

SVERIGE! Sweden doesn’t disappoint ❤

[@topi2209]

swedisthan*

[@johanjohansson3830]

@@topi2209 Finland still angry because you belonged to Sweden for many hundreds of years :D Always finns writing this cringe comment online...

[@dsludge8217]

@@topi2209 Silly east-swedish person.

[@danielxisthename]

Yes it does, am from Sweden and the plebs voted for MP which is a "green" party who forced nuclear plants to close down in our country which has now lead to the energy prices being so high that this green steel is NOT going to be produce since it requires 3 times more energy. The fact that ppl said no to nuclear plants during the 2000s just shows that ppl dont even spend 30 min on reading up on the subject themselves. Same goes for Germany the green party ruled for 8 years and closed waaaaaaay too many nuclear plants before they even were close to replace any of that energy and the result was that our government owned company "Vattenfall" shipped coal from fucking across the atlantic ocean, like srsly damn retards

[@livedandletdie]

Sweden always disappoints, and there's no such thing as fossil free steel. Steel needs carbon else it ain't steel. And we haven't found a way to source carbon cheaply that isn't from Coal Deposits and Coal Deposits are all Fossil Fuel.

[@Moemuntz]

Finally someone has a sponsor that isn’t a vpn. Update: after research, shame the knives are fake.

[@74_pelicans]

This is worse, they are Chinese company claiming to be Japanese. It's the same company as established titles, about being a lord. Disappointing they are promoting this scam.

[@Moemuntz]

@@74_pelicansnice find. I live near Tokyo and they post 2 different addresses on their website (probably misspelled) and one of them (in Japanese) is a showroom above a convenience store. But that place is empty. The other location (English one) is also fake with 5 star reviews made by foreigners and only one Japanese guy calling them out as fake. 🤛

[@StephensCrazyHour]

What's the cost per tonne? What does it use as a carbon source (i.e. where does it get the carbon that turns it from iron ore into steel)? One of the main benefits of carbon steel is that it's cheap. If this steel is two orders of magnitude more expensive, how likely is it that we can bring the cost down to economical levels?

[@animationxp1853]

That'll probably be a scale of production problem. Hopefully enough companies will want to show they are green so they'll buy the currently expensive steel and help them lower the cost long term

[@KillraStealer2]

The current plant is a pilot plant from what I have understood so likely it is not operating at a profit yet.

[@hape3862]

Raw iron has _more_ carbon in it than steel, hence the treatment with oxygen to burn most of the carbon out of the iron. No coal in the iron production means that no additional carbon is introduced, which in turn hasn't to be burnt out later in order to get steel. I'm not sure if the natural carbon content of iron ore will suffice for carbon steel, but introducing carbon in the steel production shouldn't be very difficult, maybe by just mixing in CO2 into the Hydrogen or mixing the Hydrogen with Methane, which contains Carbon.

[@KazMaw1]

Exactly expected more info from this video.

[@abookishtype]

Many parts of the world including the EU has carbon trading schemes, creating situations where over time the cost of using carbon-intensive methods will just grow and grow. So that will contribute to evening out the costs over time.

[@YaFaceIsMine]

It’s stuff like this that makes me proud of being a Swede.

[@kristofferhellstrom]

Me too

[@eduardomestieri5772]

Its stuff like this that makes me proud of being an aang-anng

[@skippityblippity8656]

Sweden is a great nation Dont let the modern media tell you otherwise

[@Solid_Snake99]

We do this everyday in northern italy... Smh

[@muuneybawg3790]

But you did nothing.

[@MardTheTard]

I live in Luleå! There are so many things going on in the north of Sweden it's crazy!

[@Novacification]

If this holds up it could indirectly help part of the storage issues with something like wind energy. Conversion from energy to hydrogen and back again isn't super efficient but if all you need is the hydrogen for this process, that could be produced when there's a surplus of energy in the grid, instead of shutting down wind turbines to avoid blowing out the grid. It obviously won't help with getting power back into the grid on demand but taking care of surplus in the production line of a highly needed product will presumable make it possible to put up more windmills without having to shut most of them down outside of peak consumption hours.

[@JoelOman1980]

You keep on surprising me Mr. Mills! My birthtown (Luleå) shown on Tomorrows Build! Fantastic!

[@Mr_Cool]

Det är en vacker stad. Kul att Lule får lite internationell uppmärksamhet.

[@livedandletdie]

@@Mr_Cool Nä man önskar att alle i norr om Markaryd, Småland, skulle käkat lite mer flugsvamp per år, särskilt om ni tror på det här med Fossilfritt stål. Vart får de kolet från? Senast jag kollade så är inte vätgas kol, och oavsett om de använder vätgas för att rena järnmalm från oxider, så betyder inte det att stålet är fossilfritt, kolet måste tillkomma på ett eller annat sätt, och senast jag kollade så finns det inte tillräckligt många träd eller Koldioxid i luften för att man skall kunna utnyttja entendera för att tillverka kol på någon långsiktig tid.

[@mikaeleriksson1779]

The HYBRIT plant is going to use more electricity than the entire country of Finland if ever built out according to the plan. Swedens already high energy prices are really going to soar. To make this a reality we are going to have to invest heavily in stable green energy like nuclear power.

[@robindumpleton3742]

They already have, it requires two nuclear power stations to make the Hydrogen. India has been using hydrogen on a small scale for years

[@2nd3rd1st]

Is this hydrogen they are using now even actually fossil-free? To make green H2 from purely renewable power is still 5x more expensive than gas based H2 and very rare, making any resulting steel product a very expensive and undesirable deal. I can't find anything about the source for the "fossil-free" electricity on their website either.

[@Robert-cu9bm]

I think Fortescue is going to be the supplier.

[@Tux.Penguin]

Certain people get somewhat annoyed if you bring the topic of “cost” into the discussion. Apparently their motto is “at ANY cost”

[@kebrl]

Almost all of Sweden's electricity is green. 90% is from hydro, nuclear and wind. Less than 1% of Sweden's electricity was produced from fossil fuels in 2020.

[@Tux.Penguin]

Can Sweden produce enough steel to be a major exporter in the world market? Can they compete with giants China & India?

[@kebrl]

@@Tux.Penguin probably not. still, if they manage to perfect this technology and bring the costs down, bigger producers will follow

[@wowJhil]

Seriously, industry in Sweden has for decades been taken for granted by it's people and politicians, but the fact is that for such a small country it's amazing what it has come out with so far! And maybe also future development within industry production could come out of Sweden, if it was valued more fairly and respected by their own people!

[@steyn1775]

Bruh, Sweden is not small at all

[@wowJhil]

@@steyn1775 Are you serious? Of course it is, compared to the big ones in Europe.

[@steyn1775]

@@wowJhil you forget that there are so many more smaller countries in Europe Sweden is large in landsize But when it comes to populatie it is indeed small compared to other european nations

[@wowJhil]

@@steyn1775 I think it's pretty obvious that it's the size of population, economy etc. that is related to what I was talking about.

[@Toujeo]

@@wowJhil well sweden is the 10th biggest economy in europe that puts it in the leading front, as for population it is in the 12th place which is also in the leading front your argument is thus invalid, though i might add that there is a huge difference between the 4-8 leading nations and the rest depending on what you measure

[@NEIL-CURCIO]

absolutely brilliant

[@asd1336]

Proud being a SSAB employee and a Luleå resident :)

[@FuitThins]

So at what point does the reduced Fe acquire the Carbon atoms to become actual steel. My understanding was that the steel we use is an alloy of carbon and iron molecules with some additive elements for specific use cases. If all you add to the steel is hydrogen to reduce it, there is never any steel made, just some high purity iron.

[@RandomNorwegianGuy.]

As a Norwegian, i'm proud of my söta bror Sverige

[@juliane__]

Seeing the plant,it seems, it will take another 30 years before we mostly greened this industry. Nevertheless, Thyssen does the same thing in Germany, would be a real different, if we get it through Europe quickly. With Ukraine have to rebuild it's industry maybe next year, it would be a good starting point. Really hope and assume in the US is similar progress made.

[@georgesheffield1580]

The EU will lead the way ,far ahead of north America or Asia

[@rojavabashur6455]

Sweden is investing 50 billion dollars to make all its iron ore into green steel. 30 million tonnes of green steel. It will take 70 TWh of power every year to produce all the green hydrogen needed, double the amount the country of Denmark use every year in total.

[@gavwah]

And what a coincidence that Sweden also happens to have one of the world's largest >67% Fe magnetite deposits.

[@newperspective5918]

And in 2021 Sweden exported 166 TWh of energy. Meaning that this increase in energy use eats up about half of the exports. Since it is based on hydrogen it doesn't really matter that production can mostly be done when the wind is strong.

[@koriifaloju2051]

@@newperspective5918I totally agree And furthermore, that 166 TWh of export can still be a sustainable revenue stream for the govt because they can simply increase their wind energy production, that’s a beauty of such renewables, it’s renewable The 2021 production can be increased 👍🏾

[@koriifaloju2051]

@@newperspective5918I totally agree And furthermore, that 166 TWh of export can still be a sustainable revenue stream for the govt because they can simply increase their wind energy production, that’s a beauty of such renewables, it’s renewable The 2021 production can be increased 👍🏾

[@No-pm4ss]

4:56 if transport makes up 25% of all emissions, a huge part of that is the fuel for the vehicles. I hate it when videos like this oversimplify or overpromise. The relevant number is how much emissions comes from just the production of the steel in vehicles, but were you too lazy to research more?

[@bobanppvc]

Recycling is answer to lowering CO2..Steel is super easy to recycle and stuff we put in bridges,building is low grade steel so recycle more!

[@ASDASD34RDFS]

They are opening up a green steel factory near my town and I was intrigued. Now I know more about it and why it is getting so much attention. However, I did drive to the location of where they are building this huge factory. They chopped down basically an entire forest, and the factory requires more accomodation and the such in order to host its staff in an already cramped city. It just feels off claiming it's fossil free and etc when the entire process, from start to finish isn't by any means this.

[@farleyabbott3941]

Hi Fred, I was hoping your video might address one of the downfalls of this method. From what little i understand this process requires high Fe iron ore. Eg. Australia produces some of the highest grade Fe at 65%. This process cant handle low grade ore and thats a lot what the rest of the world uses.

[@lordcurre39]

Swedish LKAB iron ore grade fe is at 67 percent

[@mennol3885]

Interesting. Is this fundamental, or just because it is new and they pick the easiest problems to tackle first?

[@miksceihners50]

It's an interesting concept, but I don't understand how they add the carbon to the steel, because, as I understand it, originally the iron ore is mixed with both limestone and coke in a blast furnace and you get molten pig iron, the carbon content of which is later lowered, instead of making it a 2-step process, separating the pure iron and presumably adding the carbon later, as is implied in the reaction formula at 2:38. Steel is made of iron and carbon, and, as far as I know, there isn't a feasible way of combining these 2 on a large scale without emitting a lot of CO2. On their website I also didn't find them talking about that step of the process anywhere, only about getting pure iron from iron ore. Would love for someone smarter than me to explain this please :)

[@Fiffelito]

Two small things that actually is a huge deal. 1) Where does the hydrogen come from? How is it made? How much energy does it take to make it? The Short clip there shows a flat land with windmills (2:25) but the company that makes it is SSAB which does NOT take electricity from windmills but hydropower. (hydropower plants that the green party is closing down by the way). 2) Modern steel is so much more than just Iron + Carbon. 10.5% is Chrome, then you add Nickel and Molybden to make rust proof steel. If you fail to add these three additional ingredients you get crap quality steel with low durability and high rust rate. Now we got 3 questions to answer here; where does the nickel come from? What about the Chrome? And who makes the molybden? A side note here is that you need aluminium to reduce chromite to chrome. And chrome is dug up in (mostly) South africa, Zimbawe, India, Cuba & Kazakhstan. Yes there are a few chromium mines in Germany, Hungary, France, Norway & Sweden but nowhere near as big as the first 5, so we need to add the transportation (along with the actual mining here). (we can safely disregard aluminium here since it's more common than iron). Molybdenum is mosty mined in China, then 2/3 of that in the US, then half of that in Chile, then half again in Peru & Mexico. Again transportation and working conditions need to be taken into consideration. As for Nickel, well if you find iron, you've found nickel. So we got a bending of truth here where steel is ONLY made from iron & carbon. Then we totally disregard transporting raw materials from the other side of the globe, we disregard that some of these countries have no laws regarding ground pollution while mining, and we disregard that when it comes to one big producer of Molybdenum have VERY questionable work ethics and slave workers are quite common to drive down the prices in order to secure a bigger market share. So yeah, how about that "sustainable" & "green" steel hmm? yeah. whops. It's not fossil-free steel, the mining equipment are fueled by diesel, the semi trailers carrying the ores to/from ports are fueled by diesel, trains in many of the listed countries above are either coal or diesel powered if trains are used instead of semi-trailers. The big cargo ships are diesel powered. So where is the fossil-free steel? Are we just looking at the production phase? If so we're lying to ourselves in order to pat ourselves on the back and feel good. And if you think going green and becoming fossile free then you're a hypocrite.

[@Skidmark75]

I have a couple of questions. How much does that steel cost to make. And, was the energy used to make it completely from renewables or was it from renewables only during daylight hours? Did they use battery capacity when the wind stopped blowing and the sun stopped shining? Sorry, I'm just a little sceptical.

[@valmqvist]

The price is supposed to be comparable to regular steel when everything is completed. They will use hydropower from Luleå river

[@newperspective5918]

Look up Swedens energy production. A lot is produced up north in hydropower in massive amounts. In 2021 Sweden exported 166 TWh of green energy. For other countries, yes I agree, but for Sweden, not so much. It is an international powerhouse when it comes to green energy, especially up north.

[@roxanneconner7185]

Oh my god, the sponsor video was EVERYTHING lol

[@asandax6]

Kinda funny that they are planning on using renewables while Switzerland is considering banning electric cars because their grid can't keep up currently.

[@SJRPhotographics]

We have a few different projects like this in Australia. One is with a British billion Gupta in South Australia. The other two are in Western Australia. All are using Solar and Wind to create Hydrogen to produce steel. Gupta has already created green steel pellets from his iron ore mine

[@rd9102]

I caught a shot of PDX...nice. Didn't expect that to show up, had to stop and slow it down to take a better look.

[@GGN-92]

Thanks for this very interesting video. Take care of yourself.

[@DenisSalmon]

Love your channel, just please stir away from scamming sponsors like Kamikoto or established titles…

[@caelansmith]

Australian company Fortescue is doing the same thing

[@micheleharbaugh8271]

Where is the water coming from? What happens to the used water? Or can the same water be used repeatedly? Are we eliminating serious issues by creating new ones, whether these issues appear/reappear instantly or in the future?

[@samon53]

The water comes from the combining of hydrogen and oxygen similar to the way a hydrogen fuel cell works. H20 is water two Hydrogens and one Oxygen combined. The water isn't being used its being created.

[@micheleharbaugh8271]

@@samon53 Thank you

[@constructionsecrets]

Love the channel ! Amazing work.

[@GoodieMartin]

The main issue with that is it's cost compared to traditional production, if it's way mor expensive Chinese cheap steel will just flood the market. Also how does this production method work at larger production scale, is it even possible? Will it require absurd amount of electricity with additional production size?

[@Garner84]

Main issue short term is that hydrogen isn't green... yet

[@JP_TaVeryMuch]

@@Garner84 If anyone has the resources to produce green Hydrogen, then it's got to be the Nordic countries with all that hydro power &c.

[@Fantastika]

I wouldnt be surprised if the EU would be willing to subsidise the higher production cost so the chinese stuff cant compete

[@Zero-oh8vm]

Why not just make a certification for co2 neutral steel and ban all products that don't adhere to it, super easy regalatory wise. All responsibility rests on the manufacturers/importers who don't want huge fines coming their way. If the goverment judges there to be to much disregardment of the policy they can just instruct the police to put more of their attention into regalatory work.

[@acchaladka]

@@JP_TaVeryMuch actually, Canada has a fair amount of slack hydropower capacity in some areas and about 100% room for expansion, ie could feasibly at least double their hydropower production.

[@EdgeRowing]

Puntastic video Fred!

[@CodyWales]

The irony of the fossil free steel prototype being used on a mining truck.

[@derrekvanee4567]

Is this the b1m side channel or Kopy pasta komrad?

[@jeffarmfield2346]

I can't even begin to imagine what it would be like to shoot 63 and know I left multiple shots out on the course in the form of numerous putts inside 10-12ft and some easy chips that were left wanting a little bit. Hell of a round there gerogie boy! Keep that positive/aggressive momentum going, you're definitely good enough to make it to the open!!!

[@TheNoerdy]

What is this ad Fred lmao

[@74_pelicans]

Promoting a scam, really disappointing by the b1m team.

[@0x0michael]

if i had a dollar for all the knife puns in this...

[@TomorrowsBuild]

You’d be rich

[@Corewood_TJP]

Very interesting - hadn't heard about that. Of course they still need to excavate the raw material, that they use to make steel (well - I assume). So it is not based on renewable ressources like wood. But since it is so long lasting under the right circumstances and since it can be melted and reused for new steel, it is a relatively ok material. Even wood buildings, cannot be built entirely without steel, as they normally uses screws, brackets etc. to connect the wood structures.

[@GabrielVitor-kq6uj]

Now this is all great BUT... this didnt explain one simple fact... in order to make steel you NEED carbon, thats when Coke comes in. The video has shown how they remove the Oxigen from the iron-oxides which is very smart, but how do they add Carbon to the resulting Iron to make you know... carbon steel? which consistes of Fe + C in various concentrations. I saw on the image at 4:27 that it was mixing the "sponge iron" with Scrap in a furnace... probably relying on scraps to add the needed carbon... if that's so... this is far away from a sustainable production line, down the line we won't have that much scraps to produce new steel and will need a better way to introduce carbon into the alloy

[@ElliotWizerd]

Welcome to my Country 😊

[@blue7lvn245]

My man was having too much fun with that add loool

[@Tyiriel]

Now now, let's not toot the horns too quickly. A minor change: "Carbon free steel" does NOT mean getting the ore out of the ground without emissions of CO2. That's just a plain lie. Omitted information: Just how much electricity are we talking about when it comes to creating this "carbon free steel"? Truth is, the theory used for this is not groundbreakingly new - HYBRIT did not exactly come up with it. It's not feasible due to the humongous amounts of energy needed to power the processes and chemical reactions. As it needs a humongous amount of energy, "Renewables" is another plain lie. We're talking more energy only in steel production than the rest of northern Sweden uses combined, an estimated 70-100TWh. Sweden's current electricity production and electrical grid cannot support this at a large scale, and if it was scaled up, it would probably be worse overall for both emissions and environmentally than just burning the coal to begin with.

[@blackpanther6149]

I work for Volvo and its sad that it isn't known they produce e-trucks already while all other car companies promise to do so in the future..

[@mchajen511]

To all of you commenting on him not responding to the fact that it is a scam. It might well be that he knows and don't care, or he didn't know beforehand but doesn't care after finding it out. However, there is a possibility that he didn't know beforehand and now that he does he risks breaching his contract if he were to acknowledge or recant his support for them.

[@damongraham1398]

How much will the company charge to allow other companies to use their process? How long have they been studying the emission from the plant? Where can we read the results?

[@philrabe910]

TB: Come for the construction insight, stay to see Fred's slicing culinary chops.

[@erikkobal5400]

Very cool process. My only hope it's that's it's cost competitive with fossil fuel steel. Otherwise it'll be an uphill battle.

[@mennol3885]

Easy, tax anything that comes out of the ground. Companies will scramble to use wind, solar and others to substitute mined coal.

[@kalvindeane1]

It's apparently expected to be 20-30% more expensive by the time it hits large scale production. My money is on molten oxide electrolysis instead

[@bhatkrishnakishor]

Where do we get Hydrogen from?

[@ElliotWizerd]

You can get it from Water

[@mennonis]

electrolysis if you want to go green, probably Edit, the diagram at 4:33 seems to show electrolysis as the source for hydrogen

[@N1ghtmareJoker]

Renewable Energy (Electricity) > Hydrogen Plant (Hydrogen) > Steel Plant (Steel). That is also why sweden's biggest remewable energy, hydrogen producing and steel manufactprers came together for this venture.

[@vberl9573]

Electrolysis of water...

[@KillraStealer2]

In sweden we basically only have hydro, nuclear, wind and solar electricity. But trying to do the same in a country with dirty electricity might not be a good idea.

[@velotill]

More than half of steel is made from recycled scrap which can be done by induction ovens - run on green energy but vastly more efficient than extracting from ore - without the use of green H2, you fail to mention that. I'm not putting down green steel btw, It makes total sense to do that up north where there's an abundance of green hydro. Please do concrete next and how to make it green (or replace it for something more sustainable by mid century).

[@koriifaloju2051]

Good points, especially about the recycled steel using induction But regarding concrete, this is well underway In fact very very close, for example instead of using GH2 for the process like this one he covered, they also produce green steel using electric arc furnace, (which might be better than using GH2), AND similarly they also have electric kiln furnace for cement, so the removal of coal from the process is already accomplished and if they wanted to use CCS to capture the remaining 30-40% Co2 from the limestone conversion it is possible because the particulate matter isn’t an issue because it’s mostly Co2 alone (no coal used) and very little other contaminants 👍🏿 That makes CCS possible when it isn’t possible in the legacy method of cement production There’s a US startup that has found a new way to create cement using a purely chemical reaction without any heat conversion, it’s early days and needs to be scaled to see at what cost it is possible So, I’d give it 10-15yrs at most before these things (and others) are available commercially at scale

[@kalvindeane1]

Carbon-free steel was demonstrated in 2006 by Professor Donald Sadoway and team, using molten oxide electrolysis. Production expected in 2026, same as this company. Sadoway's method doesn't need hydrogen, so it is more economically feasible at current prices. If their numbers are correct, it's cheaper than traditional production methods. Hopefully both companies start producing in 2026 with no issues.

[@erik7726]

Proud to see my home town and my country at the center of this development! But to scale this up, we need a lot more electricity, from all clean sources - nuclear, wind, solar, fossil gas with co2 capture, hydrogen storage, biofuels, you name it.

[@usapanda7303]

How about the energy used to make it?

[@simondahl5437]

Swedens electricity production is almost 100% renewable. And for this they make a point out of only buying renewable electricity.

[@usapanda7303]

@@simondahl5437 Nice, didn't know that!

[@bwake]

Where do they get the hydrogen? There are no hydrogen wells. Either it’s hydrolysis (very expensive) or by cracking natural gas.

[@niklasmolen4753]

Hydrolysis. It will consume absurd amounts of electricity. They say they will build solar and wind turbines. But they will in practice need some nuclear power plants of their own. And they hope that people are willing to pay the higher price for the good cause.

[@zeWuzard]

What is the cost of this new production method? Is it cheaper or more expensive to do?

[@flingborg]

If you think about it steel is truly the one material that is the foundation of our modern world, without it we have nothing.

[@u1zha]

Awesome video, important message, and sharp puns! Curious why no word about the cost difference though. I get that it definitely varies depending on the price of fossil-free energy at a particular location, but what's their current deal in the end, and what's the outlook... Decisionmakers will need to know this.

[@newperspective5918]

I mean it is in pilot stage. First stage of any innovation is proving that it can be done, second stage is to reach commercialize and scale-up. It cannot be "too" crazy considering that many companies are already buying up for PR-project (like the dumpster truck viewed in the video).

[@ingentingbra]

They claim 25-30 % higher cost of the green steel when in full production.

[@kalvindeane1]

20-30% more expensive than current methods, they claim. I'd recommend watching the EmTech MENA video on molten oxide electrolysis from 2019, which is apparently significantly cheaper than current methods.

[@LeonardTavast]

Hybrit is cool but there's a big problem looming - the massive electricity demand. It's currently estimated that the sustainable steel production will require similar amounts of electricity as the whole of Finland. This will also mean that the steel will be way more expensive than regular steel that's using coke to turn the ore into iron.

[@ryanthompson3737]

Electricity is easy to come by if people would stop being stuck in the 1700's. We've got wind, hydro, nuclear, and especially solar. People often forget that the average solar energy hitting earth every 10 minutes is more than what we produce every single year in total.

[@jayweaver1142]

Still need loads of energy to get up to temperature. They eliminated the coke required for the steel but that's about it. You still have the same energy overhead for mining, transport, and production of the ore and material.

[@zaarkeru3391]

Sure, but the benefit is that you can build it around non fossil energi.

[@fholmx]

I actually watched the full knife promotional add.

[@amazon4716]

They just made what I thought of. Idea vs money.

[@cesaravegah3787]

Carbon is still needed for steel chemical composition, interesting development though

[@sirdeakia]

The absence of a pricing mention is a gigantical red flag.

[@lordrindfleisch1584]

Electricity supply is the biggest concern right now. The figure often mentioned is 80 TWh a year. I really dont see how that kind of capacity is gonna be built in 5-10 years

[@matthewTaylor1990]

Anyone else feel this video poses more questions than answers? How have the processes from extractions through to production of the steel been decarbonised? Saying that they use hydrogen for reduction really doesn't even scratch the surface. Also how cost competitive is this solution likely to be? The major reason for steels prevalence throughout the world is its unmatched cost effectiveness, obviously while this technique is being pioneered its going to be a lot more expensive, but when scaled will it be possible to be competitive with conventional steel? So many questions.

[@EyesOfByes]

The only problem is supplying enough electricity

[@gavwah]

Lol, that's not the only problem by a long shot.

[@SpotAllen]

A minute and a half embedded ad in a seven minute video? Impressive.

[@R.-.]

When you say steel is 1:56 "7% of ALL global carbon emissions" and transport is 4:57 "one quarter of ALL CO2 emissions" (25%) do you really mean of ALL CO2 emissions, or of all human-made CO2 emissions?

[@rojavabashur6455]

All human made of course.

[@R.-.]

@@rojavabashur6455 Then the statements are false and factually misleading.

[@thwsify]

It all depends on wind and solar generation

[@WordBearerWarmonger]

The research and development is commendable but there is a huge issue stading in its way, the Hybrit companies combined requires energy generation as big as swedens neighbour Finland, but its politics have been mired in environmental choices that have been made purely on ideological basis, its been actively removing predictable energy production like nuclear and failed to replace it with unpredictable Wind power leading to an energy crisis, this might change as the previous goverment lost the ecelction but at the very least the project is going to get heavily delayed as its energy needs wount be met.

[@m.e.345]

It seems to me that steel is a heavily recycled material, and coke is not required to run an electric arc furnace.. so there is the potential to make "green steel", depending on how the electricity is sourced. Also, while much of Sweden's electricity is generated through hydropower, an almost equal amount is generated through nuclear, and some from burning garbage as well.. even though it may not be used in the steel-making process.

[@jeffarmfield2346]

I think Kamikoto is the knife brand owned by the same people that were responsible for the Established Titles scam and have also been proven to be a bit of a scam in so far as they are not special knives at all. At least if I remember correctly that's the case.

[@chris_gamedev]

Hey! What about H2 Green Steel ??

[@eduardobustos2124]

I feel that this is a little misleading, as this technology isn’t new, but more investments and ascending costs in the traditional way cause most of the initiatives that we are seeing today. Nevertheless that company project is amazing and totally in the right path, but there are others that are going in similar ways.

[@spanoudakidimitra9799]

There are so many E.U. funded programs which study this reaction. It's not just Sweden. And the problem is not solved yet and it's not an easy technological problem. I am working in one of those E.U. programs for the green steel as a scientist. And for those who say carbonless aluminium. The production of aluminium was always carbonless. It is electrolytic to be specific.

[@flyingpanhandle]

First we had SAAB, now we have SSAB, when will we get SSSB?

[@0x0a31]

The AB part is roughly equivalent to Ltd, so I think that part is here to stay! Maybe we'll see SSSAB and SSSSAB though hahah

[@ਸਰਦਾਰਅਮਨਦੀਪਸਿੰਘ]

Good initiative for making earth healthy.

[@ThePaulusUK]

The hydrogen based DRI process sounds encouraging, but still uses mined iron ore. We can already use 98% recycled steel in renewable powered micro-mills, to me this should be hilighted as technology we should be rewarding now

[@Vospader21]

If it doesn’t have carbon added to it where will it get the flexibility that makes steel so versatile?

[@peterbrooks9984]

Steel made with Hydrogen has been possible since the 1970s at least. Problem is that the steel produced tends to be brittle, compared to steel made by traditional methods. Also note the other commenters below about the amount of carbon emitted both in building the plants and generating the Hydrogen.

[@KazMaw1]

But is it cheaper? Come on Fred!

[@ayoCC]

is the followup on the Infrastructure bill coming up?

[@craigcook9715]

Does this new process work for recycled steel? And if so, what kinds of recycled steel can be used? Can e.g., building waste be used? Recycling, where possible, is better for the environment than mining new ore.

[@ph11p3540]

This is why Sweden is a very powerful economy despite it's puny size and population. They come up with the most amazing technologies for such a minor country.

[@marcbotnope1728]

NO! The estimated power need is 70 terawatt hours aka the entire energy need of Finland.

[@e1123581321345589144]

I'm missing something here. On an atomic level steel is basically iron mixed with carbon. If you don't use coal in the blast furnace, where to you get the carbon in your steel from?

[@gavwah]

You'll notice Hybrit's tagline is "fossil free steel" and not emissions free steel. The technology of using natural gas to make DRI has been around for decades. In that process, you're deliberately trying to achieve a DRI product of around 2% carbon. This is done to significantly reduce the required operating temperature of the next step from >1500 to around 1200 degrees, which significantly reduces the amount of energy required but also simplifies/cheapens many other aspects of the process.This 2% is significantly higher than the amount of carbon required for the majority of steel grades, but the 2% significantly reduces the melting point of the DRI. Natural gas is mostly methane, and although Hybrit hasn't specified exactly what they're doing here publically (at least I haven't seen it and I work in this industry) presumably they are using a kind of biogas methane in their DRI plant to increase their sponge iron carbon content. They then reduce the carbon content to the level specified for that grade during the next stage in the process, emitting CO2. Hence "fossil free steel" and not "CO2 / emissions/ carbon free steel".

[@somethingsomething404]

Those knives aren’t Japanese, they’re another rip off from the established titles people

[@somethingsomething404]

They’re made in China

[@WPaKFamily]

2:42 So, where's the Carbon to actually make Steel?

[@sturlajonsson8992]

Greatest ad ever

[@m.s.9744]

Did not say if there is a price difference in making green steel