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Trabzon, historically known as Trebizond, is a city on the Black Sea coast of northeastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. Trabzon, located on the historical Silk Road[citation needed], became a melting pot of religions, languages and culture for centuries and a trade gateway to Persia in the southeast and the Caucasus to the northeast.[2][failed verification - see discussion] The Venetian and Genoese merchants paid visits to Trabzon during the medieval period and sold silk, linen and woolen fabric.[citation needed] Both republics had merchant colonies within the city - Leonkastron and the former "Venetian castle" - that played a role to Trabzon similar to the one Galata played to Constantinople (modern Istanbul).[3] Trabzon formed the basis of several states in its long history and was the capital city of the Empire of Trebizond between 1204 and 1461. During the early modern period[when?], Trabzon, because of the importance of its port, again became a focal point of trade to Persia and the Caucasus.