Turbocharging vs Supercharging - The Ultimate Guide | Tyrrell's Classic Workshop

[@GregoryKane11]

And people wonder why I don't watch TV ... bloody brilliant Ian ... more please!

[@Matteo_Licata]

I already knew most of this, but I enjoyed the video nonetheless! I feel I could listen to Iain explaining pretty much anything, even how a dishwasher works, and I'd still love it!

[@manicmasterofmetal2620]

Iain should be a technical college teacher. Such easy to understand explanations and the whiteboard is definately his friend. I already knew what the differences were between turbo chargers and superchargers and what intercoolers do but I never knew why boy racers put those blow off valves on their turbo systems until now. I always thought they were just to draw attention to themselves. I still think they make the car sound like it has the flu and sneezes everytime gears are changed, but now I know they serve a purpose as well. A great teacher. If I taught young mechanics I would definately show them this video.

[@chriscooper3384]

They were long since replaced by recirculating waste valves which is the current technology. The old school turbo blow-off or dump valves sound cool but are not as good as the modern original equipment. Like a noisy exhaust the sound may be cool but often reduces performance especially on/off throttle response.

[@manicmasterofmetal2620]

@@chriscooper3384 I never thought they sounded cool.

[@gertjanzuidema]

New release day for the video’s? Will it now be on Saterday?

[@K1lostream]

They can’t afford him.

[@charliejackman2953]

I think he's doing alright where he is 👌

[@bertramspielt]

Great video! Only three tiny details... 1.: the Chevy Corvair was the first production car with a turbocharger. 2.:some cars use two turbos in different sizes to reduce turbo lag - these are on the same side of a 4 cyl engine. Like in the Opel Vivaro van. 3. :But what I really missed, was the system on the Lancia 037 and the Delta S4? Supercarger and(!) turbo on one engine! This was a very well made educational video, everything perfektexplained and I like the way of your artwork on the whiteboard - it makes everything absolut clear. 👏 Greetings from Austria 🇦🇹

[@iain_tyrrell]

We must give some Lancias airtime soon. Greetings to Austria!

[@jedrzejwrotynski9421]

combination of supercharger and turbocharger in one engine is called sometimes a twincharger (not a twin-turbo arrangment) where each mitigates disadvantages of the other with own advantages explained in the video. Solutions were studied and experimented, and used for planes, marine and railroad engines before were used for cars. The idea of an intercooler might have also come from double stage air compressor build long before charged car engines.

[@DarraghDelaney]

I could watch that content 24/7 and learned much in the 20 mins. A great video showing how knowledge and a simple whiteboard can make for compelling viewing.

[@Rovinman]

Absolutely fascinating ! Cant get enough of all this Nerdiness ! Looking forward to the next one ! Thanks Iain for that ! Take care Stu xx

[@user-gc1zn5mn4p]

Well explained. I owned a Mercedes-Benz C230 Kompressor (Intercooled supercharged) sport sedan & the blower made significant instant increased power.

[@jamesward7425]

I could be being overdramatic here, but I think if a teacher stood at the front of the class and gave that lesson my working life would be very different today. It would have given me and my friends a reason and an application to pin so much science and maths on. Instead, it just didn’t go in. 👏 Mr. T.

[@ole-martinlundefaret5876]

Great! A small specification. The air going through the air cooling the intercooler does not mix with the pressurised air in the inlet. It just cools the pipes the pressurised air is blowing through. The small gills on the intercooler is the heat sinks for the pressurised pipes. Forced induction is of cource air under pressure. Higher pressure the more the motor theoretically grows in size. (2 bar means that a 2 litre engine now has 2x the air/fuel it can detonate. So acts like a 4 litre.) This also means that components can tear because of the pressure. I have seen some dramatic failures of intercoolers, plenum chambers etc as the pressure gets to extreme. Ian Tyrell is a legend and the explanation is great and he knows full well what I have written here :)

[@stevemawer848]

I thought Iain made it clear that the two air sources didn't mix? It was obvious to me from his diagrams.

[@belgreenhills]

Excellent. Iain never fails to impress with his knowledge as well as his artistic and mechanical capabilities. He is truly a Renaissance Man.

[@christianpratt]

Sequential turbos and variable vanes next please, Iain. Loving the whiteboard content!

[@davidgrover2665]

Always an education - thanks for producing these videos for us Iain!

[@edpoltera1786]

Wow. At last someone who can explain things simply. Didn’t even search for this. Thanks Google. I have now subscribed. 👍🏼👌🏼

[@JimmyTomes]

I settled in to watch this because its Iain even though i was thinking it would all be old hat. But I must admit that I did not know that BiTurbo means that the turbos are synchronized! Thanks a million.

[@rayw9067]

The fact that Iain has said a 8v71 Detroit was a good bit of kit has now moved him to god level! Iain Tyrell you are a bloody legend

[@rafaelfiallo4123]

Great video as always. The sound of a Detroit Diesel is one of those "sounds of the 20th century" that stays in your head, they've mostly been retired by now but there are still some around. The 1st number in the engine destignation is the cylinder count. There were 2 and 4 cylinder Detroit's as standing power plants and pumps and the could be as big as 12 & 16 cylinders. The "71" is the piston displacement cubic inches. The "V" denoted if it was v or inline. The 71 series was made from 1938-1995, the 92 series from 1974-1995.

[@silvaanosvs8783]

Very well explained. Thanks! Cleared up a few things for me. I want to add a point that might be obvious to many: When the intercooler makes the air denser, as you said, it leaves room for more fuel, as well as a bit more air. The denser air also brings more oxygen to match the increase in fuel so it all can burn properly.

[@paulb1034]

An interesting vlog, worth adding that the exhaust valve timing has to be advanced on a turbo charged engine to provide adequate pressure in the exhaust to power the turbo, this compromises some of the additional power provided the turbo and reduces the fuel efficiency of the engine .

[@markwhitaker3673]

Having a geekout session over automotive technology with Iain on a rainy Saturday afternoon-what could be better? Thanks so much.

[@johnball4826]

The other supercharger system is like I have on my prewar MG. One very large single carburettor feeds air into a twinscroll roots type supercharger, which then forces air into the six branch manifold to the cylinder head of the six cylinder engine. It increases power from about 60 bhp to over 100 bhp in a 1100 cc engine, at 10 lbs boost which was pretty good for a 1934 car. Iain your white board explanations are superb and easy to follow, so please can we have more.

[@trainmanbob]

And the King of Nerdiness strikes again!! Absolutely fascinating. For those who want to follow up on the two stroke buses, may I just mention Scott's channel...Bus Grease Monkey. He actually owns amongst others an old Greyhound bus called Lenny. I find these wonderful lectures on mechanical subjects of extreme interest, Iain. It's all very well repairing frames and bodies, but it is equally good to know how they work. Cheers, Bob

[@jakkovaningen8350]

Absolutely superb! For years I wondered what a supercharger really was. No more 🎉😊 Thank you!

[@DeadlyShinner]

Excellent format and thoroughly enjoyed, more please Iain! The nerdier the better!

[@John-yf8qh]

As Iain said himself, this video was the very basics and the surface of the technicolour world of turbo supercharging was barely scratched here. There’s sequential twin turbos, parallel twin turbos, in-series twin turbos, not to mention twincharging, where one plugs a pair of infant twins into the mains… Err, wait a minute, no, no that’s wrong. Ah, twincharging is where a supercharger and a turbo supercharger are used together, each playing to their own strengths, so to speak. It’s an absolutely fascinating topic though if you’re interested in such things (and quite frankly, I don’t think I’ve ever met any car-lover, other than W. O. Bentley that isn’t interested in the topic) 😀. What I was trying to say is: if you’re one of those people, and you must be because you’re here, immerse yourself in the subject and I promise you’ll not be disappointed or wasting your time. Have as much fun with it as you can, but please try to resist the urge to buy a cheap turbo from eBay and start wiring it up to the wife/girlfriend/mother’s super mini :) :) The turbos are ok and you’ll have fun, but it’s both addictive and very costly after that. Fairly warned be ye :)

[@mrporsche4236]

A positive displacement supercharger is fun. All turbos are just boring regardless of how much power they have. Its that simple

[@stevennazar2102]

What a brilliant explanation of forced induction.

[@Aviopic]

Not only dens air permits more fuel but also cool air expands more than warm air. For this reason on a F1 engine both turbines are taken apart with the charge turbine mounted at the front and exhaust turbine at the rear of the engine connected via a long shaft. Another type was the recovery turbine used on big aircraft engines in which the the turbine is still driven by exhaust gas but instead of driving a second turbine for charge it is via a fluid clutch directly coupled to the crankshaft.

[@TIMSANDYSURF]

I am lucky enough to have examples of each application . A 1990s icon in the guise of a Fiat Coupe 20VT. It’s classic lag and boost giving an exciting burst of speed (especially in third gear). Keep it spinning for fun times! However it suffers when stuck in traffic when the intercooler struggles to cool. The supercharged vehicle is a 5 ltr F Type R which has a stunning turn of speed which seems available in any situation. Both fun in their own ways but the F type is in a different league.

[@stevemawer848]

Well said - I love my F-Type! As you say, plenty of acceleration from just about any starting speed .... :-)

[@TheEarlofK]

Fascinating stuff, even a non-technical person like myself can appreciate.

[@peterhearnden7634]

Excellent, clear explanation of forced induction.. Thanks Mr Tyrell

[@billscurlock6570]

Very well explained, well done. Although now retired, I once operated a Commer truck fitted with a Routes horizontally opposed 6 piston 3 cylinder supercharged diesel engine. The pistons came together on this layout to create compression. They used a Wade supercharger with a quill shaft drive to it. When this quill shaft snapped then the street would be blackened out by the smoke generated. B

[@Marshall-r7d]

As a child In the 1950’s I lived on a steep hill on the A1 and I could always know when a Commer was coming up as the sound was so distinctive.

[@billscurlock6570]

Yes and the exhaust was across the cab and exits in front of the right front wheel. At night and in the dark, when pulling hard you could look down on the exhaust and see the carbon sparks flying out. Thesè engines de-carbed themselves. They sounded like they were begging for mercy. !!!!

[@GaryMunro-c4h]

Excellent thank you. Very well explained, more whiteboard gold please

[@stevejacob4375]

thank you Ian, as a non Petrol Head your basic explanation of Turbo and Supercharge was very informative.

[@paulboyle6857]

I venture to suggest that a lot of the "Max Power" brigade( thank.............that mag bit the dust a while back!) DID have the dump valve for the sound & to impress their girlfriends & bystanders & draw attention to themselves.Then along came the "Fast & Furious" franchise which really cemented the whole thing! More recently it has been mini explosions on the overrun! One of the most extreme examples of "all or nothing" was the BMW 2002 Turbo.I recall driving a Renault 5 Turbo 2 in London(!) on which the turbo came in at about 5000rpm with the red-line at 7000!,quite challenging at the time! Of course the fiendish Lancia 037 rally car had turbo & supercharging & was a serious handfull even for the top drivers. Thanks Iain

[@stevecallagher9973]

I had an afterschool job at a turbo and deisel service workshop in the early 1990s and loved working on the truck turbos because you could actauly handle the compnents relatively easily while the smaller car turbos were a bit more challenging provided they hadn't actually exploded before hand.....

[@michaelclements4664]

Another turbo layout that Mazda used in the 13B-REW Wankel engine was twin sequential turbos. The low speed turbo gave full boost as low as 2000 RPM and at 4500 RPM it shifted to the high speed turbo which took you to the 8000 RPM redline. The transition was seamless as long as you kept your foot on the floor. If you short-shifted around 4500 RPM (which one should never do in that car) it would get confused and stumble.

[@peterharrington-stone2167]

I at 70+ have a good understanding [of turbos and superchargers / engines of that era etc all) and working knowledge thereof. But am enjoyably learning so much more from your good self. PLEASE continue this type of content.

[@davebarron5939]

Thoroughly enjoy the "Nerdy details" Iain, Thanks.

[@gazzafloss]

In the mid 60's I did the Automotive Engineering Diesel portion of my tech college trade course on naturally aspirated BMC 6 cylinder four stroke diesels and on the six piston, three cylinder Commer "Knocker", supercharged two stroke diesels. I learned which engine I'd rather be locked in a test cubicle enclosure with on a rebuild test run-up, the "knocker" was a "screamer", deaf to this day.

[@JC-Denton]

Thanks. The basics were still there, but this served as a reminder. It always makes me think of the PORSCHE 959, which was decades ahead of its time, anyway. The engineers created the 1st Turbo for a Road Car, with what we call in German 'Registeraufladung', i.e. a small and a big one combined, to get rid of the (in)famous 'Turboloch' (Turbohole). Cheers, J.

[@ezghthrt7733]

Excellent introduction for the clueless like me - thank you! There's a yt clip somewhere with old footage showing rally legend Walter Röhrl left-foot braking to keep the turbo spinning with the right foot on the gas pedal.

[@stevem7868-y4l]

Great vid Ian, as usual, always a pleasure listening to a real Petrol head

[@elliottharley1386]

This had been a great video, perfect timing to help me with questions I've been wondering about. Cheers!!!

[@kimwalton2873]

The Chevrolet Monza Corvair in 1962 had a turbocharged option.🙂

[@stephenkeeffe4940]

Fantastic once again Ian. I would love to see a lesson about the GM 2-stroke diesel engines. Always loved the sound of them. I believe the "blowers" used by hot-rodders were sourced from these engines, bing the 6-71, 8-71, etc blowers (6 & 8 being the number of cylinders and the 71 being 71 CI per cylinder).

[@jdwxflyer]

Excellent sound effects at the end, Iain. Well done sir!

[@btolley100]

Ian, love these explainers. Nice mix along with workshop updates and driving the rare card you film 19:28

[@oldpartsnewstarts9502]

I had a period correct Judson supercharger on a 1956 Karmann Ghia it didn’t provide the advertised boost, but sure was fun to have on there. Thanks again ian

[@Sonny351]

Great video Iain! I love your videos so much and the expertise you have! But there's one aspect missing, why you also need to cool down the air after the turbo or supercharger. If you pressurize air, it will heat up. The higher the pressure the higher the rise in temperature. I've got a C32 AMG which has a liquidcooled charge air cooler under the supercharger with a heat exchanger for it behind the front bumper. Same deal on the supercharged 55 AMG models. The heat exchanger was clogged two years ago, so only a small amount of liquid could circulate and the charge air cooler wasn't able to cool down the intake air. So with a close to not working cooler I quickly reached intake temperatures of 100 °C (212 °F) and more at 1bar (14.5 psi) of boost under full load. Thank God the ECU then quickly killed the power output to prevent engine damage.

[@john1703]

A mechanical supercharger is a linear device where engine inlet pressure is directly proportional to engine speed. A turbo-charger is a square law device where the pressure increases as the square of exhaust gas flow. Hence the boost mostly happens at higher engine speed. Because of this, the Lancia Delta S4 rally car had both types of device with a supercharger closer to the inlet manifold and a turbo ostensibly blowing through the supercharger. However, at high revs the supercharger would choke the flow from the turbo, so a bypass pipe was engineered for the supercharger. Between the two, there was almost seamless boost. Then Group B was banned after 1986.

[@russellb1212]

Thank you Iain, you have the skill of making the complex easily understood, more please, very educational and enjoyable

[@jdkez]

I learn so much from your videos--favorite part of my Sundays. Thank you, and Happy New Year.

[@dean58635]

One of the best videos explaining turbos and superchargers I've ever seen. Simple and brilliant. Tyrrell is a master.

[@dhutch2000]

One of the other things worth mentioning is that the exhaust gas temperature of a petrol is much higher than that of a diesal, which is us one of the reasons that turbochargers are more common on diesals and superchargers more common on petrols. Two stroke blowers, also found on the British opposing piston Napier Deltic is significantly different to a charge air four stroke.

[@zymmer4]

Yes !! Nerd International here also !! Bring it on..deeper and harder !!

[@emanemanrus5835]

I've seen too many tuned cars with forced induction (turbo or mech compressors) & no intercoolers or chillers of any sort, or performance air filters stuffed inside overheated engine bays, just behind hot radiators and with no scoops for any fresh air access... These people should watch more ofter videos like this one.

[@ronbeckhaus7326]

Iain, great video! In the mid to late 1920's, Studebaker had available a gear driven supercharger as an optional extra on their passenger vehicles, and of course there was the Deusenberg SSJ of 1929 which was a Shortened Supercharged model J, hence SSJ. Forced induction is a fascinating subject which is, as you say, as old as the internal combustion engine itself. I look forward to the video you mentioned about the Pors he 930 turbo. One of my favourite cars, along with the Miura. Cheers, mate.

[@donovanf1]

As usual Iain your depth of knowledge is astounding, a brilliant video, thanks

[@Rene67]

You are a great teacher, Mr. Tyrrell, thank you very much for the interesting technical lesson!

[@PalaceofPlacentia]

when i was driving my RS turbo i use to blip the accelerator before i changed gear to avoid as much turbo lag as i could and it worked

[@steveluck9541]

Working like the charge cooler I love the aftermarket oil to water intercooler fitted in the engine bay of my Elise. Oil and water temp match each other very closely and very stable. Even in heavy traffic the fan doesn’t cut in.

[@mikeyurek9960]

Great job explaining between the 2 thanks much

[@bhumiriady]

That is one fascinating explanation video on how turbocharging and supercharging works, sir! It's very easy to understand and enjoyable to watch, I have to admit.^^

[@pj9375]

So interesting Iain, Sir. I’ve a turbo and it’s such clever technology.

[@UberLummox]

Always learn a lot. Thanks! I like supercharger better because it sounds less '80s. 😁

[@Padoinky]

My wife’s Volvo XC90 and s90 have the dual turbo and supercharger equipped 4 cylinder engines… one helps out at low revs and the other picks up at higher revs (IIRC)

[@TomSnyder--theJaz]

Now, that was different... and fun! Well done, Iain Cheers

[@iamplasticmonkey8176]

Ian, my sincere thanks for this video, your explanation helped me to understand my Bentley Turbo RT much better. 🤝🏅

[@NickAsh-jl5nq]

Another insightful video to start the year.Having travelled in Greyhound buses in the late 70’s,I thought those engines were very interesting,but never knew they were 2 stroked,now it all makes sense to my ears.Thank you Iain.🙏

[@gregjfitzpatrick]

Thanks for making this video Iain; I learned a few things.

[@MrCapi55]

I repeat myself past comment: Just Another One more quality in Iain Tyrrell's gifts: Didactic Teaching.

[@StarHorseLover2012]

Excellent video Iain ! I always wondered what engine was in those 50's greyhound buses, specifically from that scene in North by Northwest! It made a very distinctive sound. A mix between diesel rasp and turbo whine. Hats off to Hitchcock who recorded the actual sound of the coach.

[@mikeroper3437]

Brilliant. Very well explained. Thanks Iain

[@chrisloukes424]

Lordy. Great explanation. Thought I was getting the hang of it until I remembered the awesome Lancia delta S4 rally car, which had a combination of both turbo and supercharger....(my brain has caught fire!)

[@Robjess100]

More Please Iain. Fantastic as always

[@blackbuttecruizr]

The Hellcat system by Chrysler actually uses the A/C to cool the charge air.

[@johndavey72]

Good evening Iain and a Happy New Year to you and all at Tyrrells Classic Workshop . I very nearly understood your tutorial 😂😅 ! I always tell people all modern technology used on cars stems from the aircraft industry ......super charging and 4 valves per cylinder from the early 1920's . Turbo charging from the 1930's . Disc brakes from the 1940's including anti lock brakes . Thankyou Iain .

[@iain_tyrrell]

Thank you! And happy new year to you too

[@shoominati23]

I believe the first use of a Turbo Charger, was by a Peugeot engineer on an airplane engine in the 1920s. I could be wrong, but it was definitely a French engineer. But like everything, things trickle down from commercial applications, and as airplanes were getting faster and flying higher, they needed a device to assist the engine to ingest more air as it became thinner at altitude. Hence the name Forced Induction

[@iain_tyrrell]

Thanks- very interesting!

[@morri03]

I always enjoy driving my wife’s Polo GTI which has the twin charger engine both supercharged and turbo charged

[@supercarowners]

Amazing explanation. Now I can clearly understand the Ferrari F40 engine bay images with the mighty turbos and massive intercoolers.

[@chrisbanks5925]

Brilliantly explained Iain.

[@miguelangelsimonfernandez5498]

The compression process, wether turbo or supercharged, also generates heat. On the other hand, decompression and evaporation cools.

[@1983dmd]

Don't forget ethanol which has great cooling properties...

[@ganz7ful]

This was brilliant. Great to see the whole explaination here. I can confidentally say now that I understand the fundamentals of both charging systems. Interesting about the 2 stroke diesels - I think the Mighty Deltic was a two stroke Diesel.

[@RedRam331]

The other GM car that offered turbocharging was the Chevrolet Corvair Monza. The Corvair used a rear-mounted air-cooled flat 6 cylinder engine. The Jetfire arrived on the market a month before the Corvair turbo. The Corvair turbo was more successful. The Jetfire only lasted two model years. The big drawback with the Olds is it required a methyl alcohol-water solution to be injected into the intake to prevent detonation. Olds called it "jet fluid". Invariably owners forgot all about it, and when it ran out, a valve opened to release boot pressure. Then they would come to the dealer complaining about lost power. Refilling the 'jet fluid' was way too much hassle for an American driver. The Porsche 930/911 Turbo was legendary for turbo lag, but the 935 race cars were even worse. I've read those cars would scare the pants of professional race drivers. They would be accelerating smoothly out of a corner, hit 3000 rpm and BAM. Massive power boost and the car would try to swap ends.

[@GeorgeAthanasiadis-cv9uf]

Excellent presentation, thank you very much.

[@tomdigby4463]

Keep these tech videos coming Iain 👍👍👍👍

[@S-T-E-V-E]

That's why your car performs better on a crisp Winter morning!

[@the5th2000]

No clutch on my supercharged motor, but a valve that controls the inlet of atmospheric vs charge air. It operates on vacuum and depends on throttle demand.

[@KevinJDildonik]

I don't remember hearing it so useful info. Oversimplified. China taxes cars based on engine displacement. That's one factor for why all consumer cars are moving to small engines with turbos. The famous Ford Ecoboost produced a truly tiny 3-cylinder, 1-liter engine making plenty of power for a compact car. It was so responsive and fun they even put it in race cars in junior formulas.

[@nmauch]

Loved the GM references. In my teens many many years ago I operated what was called the 8-268-A, on a ship. A supercharged inline 8 cylinder with 268 cubic inches per cylinder. The supercharger was about the size of a dishwasher. Also spent time around this the 6-71, 8-71 and even the 2-71, 2 cylinder also supercharged diesel. In fact I think the iconic American muscle car supercharger was from the 2-71 not the 6-71 but I could be wrong.

[@dougiestewart3152]

Brilliantly informative. Great video. Thanks for taking the time Mr T

[@C.Fecteau-AU-MJ13]

11:02 The poor old Chevy Corvair... everyone forgets about it and its turbo pioneering.

[@iain_tyrrell]

We’ll try harder next time

[@michaelguerin56]

The Electomotive (EMD) two stroke diesel engines, as used in diesel electric locomotives, need to be supercharged because they are two stroke engines BUT unlike the later production Detroit Diesel engines which were equipped with separate turbochargers, the EMD engines change from mechanically-driven to exhaust-driven when the exhaust pressure is sufficient to propel the compressor.

[@readrepairs]

Brilliant, love it! If you labelled the drawings as you went along, even better!

[@andybaker2449]

Never fails to educate me, thanks for the interesting videos

[@lehlogonolomashego929]

Thoroughly enjoyed indeed.

[@jonswinfield9336]

Extremely interesting So clearly explained and full of anecdotes that really helped us to understand

[@iangillett2488]

I used to run a Prodrive Tuned Impreza (very reliable for 10 years), which was noticeably more lively on colder days. Add in some fog and near zero temperature and gain a few extra BHP 😊

[@stevemawer848]

Fog, near zero temperatures and extra BHP sounds like an "interesting" combination! 🙂

[@christianlewisphotography6910]

That was a very enjoyable video. I use to own a Daihatsu Charade GTti. It was a 3 cylinder twin cam 12v turbo and so entertaining. My son has just passed his driving test and has purchased a Smart Fortwo 900cc turbo. That’s enjoyable to drive as well.

[@iain_tyrrell]

I used to service one of the Daihatsus you mentioned. It was a hoot!

[@christianlewisphotography6910]

@@iain_tyrrell Yes it was great fun to drive Iain. Another pocket rocket I own was the first generation Suzuki Swift GTI, but going back further to what I owned and would love to see in your garage. These cars are Ford Escort RS2000 Mk1, Lotus Cortina Mk2 and another Ford. The RS1600 Escort which must be extremely rare now.

[@andybowie8590]

Forced induction was invented as a way of keeping the power up on aero engines as they climbed higher, without the air being forced in by the supercharger the plane would lose power because the air becomes less dense the higher the altitude. Mitsubishi made their own turbochargers in the 80s and still had terrible turbo lag, I wonder if it was the materials used in early car turbos that made them so slow to respond and not just the size? Just a thought. I still have a mitsubishi turbocharger in my loft and it's not that big for a 2.0 litre engine. It's an interesting topic and I do like some nerdy-ness 😊

[@simocreations]

Almost didn’t watch this thinking I knew it all. I do now. Cheers Iain

[@Paul-tk2my]

Great, well explained summary. Thanks Ian

[@iain_tyrrell]

Thank you