Type of Bond for Sodium chloride (NaCl)

he type of bond between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) is an ionic bond. This type of bonding occurs when there is a significant electronegativity difference between two atoms, typically between a metal and a nonmetal. In the case of sodium and chlorine, sodium is a metal, and chlorine is a nonmetal.
Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's tendency to attract electrons in a chemical bond. Chlorine is more electronegative than sodium, meaning it has a stronger ability to attract electrons towards itself. When these two elements come into contact, chlorine's electronegativity causes it to "pull" an electron away from sodium.
Sodium has one valence electron in its outermost energy level (in the 3s orbital), and chlorine has seven valence electrons in its outermost energy level (in the 3p orbital). Both sodium and chlorine aim to achieve a stable electron configuration resembling that of noble gases, which have full valence electron shells (usually eight electrons in the outermost shell, except for helium with two).
In the process of forming an ionic bond between sodium and chlorine:
Sodium transfers one electron from its outer shell to chlorine. This electron transfer leaves sodium with a positive charge, as it now has one more proton than electrons. Sodium becomes a cation, specifically Na+.
Chlorine gains the electron transferred from sodium, resulting in a negative charge due to having one more electron than protons. Chlorine becomes an anion, specifically Cl-.
The resulting sodium cation (Na+) and chloride anion (Cl-) are attracted to each other due to their opposite charges. This electrostatic attraction forms the ionic bond between sodium and chlorine, creating an ionic compound known as sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly known as table salt.

[@wbreslyn]

Looks like I left off a pair of electrons in the third energy level (next to the circle with "3"). Chlorine has a total of 7 valence electrons in it's third energy level. These are it's valence electrons.

[@alexbucg]

Your Chlorine atom is missing two electrons (visually), no?

[@wbreslyn]

You are right! It looks like I didn't put the pair at the bottom (or they feel off?). I'll try to fix and reupload when I have a chance. For now I'll put a note on the video. Thanks for pointing that out!

[@alexbucg]

Ha, I was teaching my son chemistry and we were counting the electrons to identify each one, my four year old noticed that it’s missing two!

[@wbreslyn]

@@alexbucg Now there is a future Nobel prize winner!