U.S. Strategic Nuclear Policy, An Oral History, Part 2

U.S. Strategic Nuclear Policy, An Oral History explores the origins of United States strategic nuclear policy and how it evolved. The documentary looks at this topic through the oral history of key participants including Robert McNamara, Edward Teller, James Schlesinger, Andrew Goodpaster, Harold Brown, Richard Garwin and William Kaufmann.
View part 1 here: • U.S. Strategic Nuclear... .
Related Sandia documentaries: Always/Never: the Quest for Safety, Control & Survivability ( • Always/Never: The Ques... , and On Deterrence ( • On Deterrence ).
2005-4339 P

[@kollusion1]

Love the tranquil music bed, under the narration of such a devastating weapon!

[@Rob-eo5ql]

7:39 Sentinel: anti-ballistic missile system; area coverage of the US. Soviet countermeasures: warheads in balloons

[@tonyak8354]

This is very well done. I couldn't stop watching.

[@whirledpeas3477]

Don't try to quit cold turkey. Just one episode a day maybe ❤

[@mookie2637]

This is superb - thank you so much for posting it. And no ads!

[@jaik195701]

It *is* an ad, for the national nuclear security administration NNSA

[@brandonl6196]

I don’t think Sandia is in need of ad revenue

[@unbrokenandalive1089]

Flash forward to 2023 - and ads exist aplenty here...

[@chrismartin2001AD]

really good documentary, thank you. Very insightful

[@hugh-martinrouxhughy7419]

This was a brilliant brilliant 2 part documentary. Previously, I was completely against Nuclear weapons and any country who had them were just enemies of mankind - but this made me understand the USA's stance on them and I can now see why these systems still exist.

[@karlmeyer9473]

I love nukies. I love B83's delivered by a B1-b bomber.,❤️❤️❤️❤️

[@frankpienkosky5688]

@@karlmeyer9473 would you like one delivered to you?

[@riverfreddy]

The neighbors are upset with me 😢

[@CrownOfGoldCompleatSacrifice_2]

gaining wisdom from those who have been threw these things. you will be hard pressed to find someone who has more understanding of this situation then Robert does. i am grateful for those who served and brought to us these issues for learning

[@johnwatson3948]

Brings to mind what strategist Bernard Brodie eventually thought - that beyond the existence and power of nuclear weapons everything else is just “playing with words”.

[@nutsackmania]

Nike X/Safeguard never ceases to amaze me for the time. What an undertaking to even attempt.

[@mercurygroup6352]

Outstanding documentary!

[@jeffreywaugh926]

I think the scariest thing about the atomic blast is that silent white hot flash. Right before the boom. The energy and power release they couldn’t even consider it. In their own admission

[@karmpuscookie]

Very informative, thanks!

[@donnbyrne1971]

Incredibly informative! I only wish that it might be brought up to date with our current situation (fall of 2022).

[@frankpienkosky5688]

yes, we're talking about a new set of parameters....how do you respond to a nuclear attack not against us or our allies but a neutral state...in 1950 we went to war under the UN banner to prevent aggression...in 1990 something very different yet similar occurred as we fought as part of a coalition...but the opposition didn't have nukes nor hold the status of a world power...be interesting to hear the discussions that are currently taking place....

[@Dinkledorpher]

I'm still waiting for the release of the 2022 Nuclear Posture Review

[@rd264]

Sandia has been profiting from the threats of nuclear war and literally the end of the world is the business of Sandia and companies like it.

[@NathansHVAC]

2022 Nuclear posture review was changed to allow first use. Yep

[@amphibiousone7972]

That might be difficult.....Current data would likely be Classified.

[@eoinfl]

Sunday morning chill

[@williamcarr459]

Spartan and sprint! Colorful names. Charming. Humans are such adorable and creative beings on their way to incinerating and destroying each other. It’s lovely!

[@veritas41photo]

Excellent! I am a moderately-dedicated researcher of Dwight D. Eisenhower, especially his post-WWII activities which have begun to become declassified. Did I miss mention herein of his famous warning to the American people to beware of the Military-Industrial complex? Anyway, this video generates more areas of interest and questioning. The present dangers involving North Korea, Iran, and the Middle East region in general, etc., raise issues of nuclear conflict which, in some ways, make all that came before pale in comparison. We live in an age in which even recent history cannot much help us to find viable solutions. Lord help us all.

[@trespire]

@Matthew Roberts When listing the present dangers, you didn't mention China, nor the Indo-Pakistan tensions. China is adopting an increasingly aggressive posture, that coupled with a weaknd US internal resilience could create a dangerous situation. Iran actions continues to pose a threat to the area.

[@kingofaesthetics9407]

Àee3

[@danadams6477]

Too many narcissistic greedy dictators vying for control on the world stage. I feel WWIII is eminent.

[@frankpienkosky5688]

@@trespire interesting thing to note though was how a supposedly divided US came together briefly in their response to the reactions of china to the Pelosi visit...there's a message there...I hope they got it....

[@TimPerfetto]

I am a moderately-dedicated military-industrial complex and in some ways Dwight D. Eisenhower

[@erichanhauser3190]

I love the fact that your missiles don't have to be accurate if they are 3Mt yield. Scary.

[@b.griffin317]

And yet they were made super-accurate anyway (to target underground hardened structures like bunkers and silos).

[@trevorhalvorson-tb4qm]

Very good and informative.

[@JG-mp5nb]

A refreshing look back on what remains an intractable series of problems.

[@frankpienkosky5688]

through a constantly evolving scenario that mainly consisted of convincing an adversary they couldn't win...we're still in that mode

[@opticalmixing23]

This was a solid program!

[@peterwright4224]

Very good well made film

[@rlafosse]

An amazingly forthright and objective review of a very complicated topic. It is pleasing to see that major players in this space have provided opinions and observations that cut through to the gist of the matter. The debate will rage on, especially in this 'new age' of rogue states and smaller players. The topic of regional nuclear warfare wasn't really broached, but it could be the subject of another discussion

[@lahcenboucetta3897]

Merci

[@tulpfiction9522]

We can put a 500 kiloton weapon within two feet of any point on earth within 3-8 minutes, one megaton 12-20 minutes now, cruise missles and hypersonic weapons could cut that time in half

[@megaton179]

ICBM warheads have always been hypersonic, 12000mph+, due to long acceleration time and going through the vacuum of space. The difference with hypersonic warheads is that they can go from a ballistic trajectory to flying straight like a cruise missile but still traveling at hypersonic speed.

[@derekwall200]

i heard about the effects of the neutron bomb and even i was a little freaked out by how cruel of a weapon it is

[@veritas41photo]

Cruel indeed. The only life forms which would likely survive in the immediate strike area would be cockroaches. Yeeeaaech. Thoughts do flit through evil minds, however, that regimes such as North Korea might be targeted with the extreme cruelty befitting their criminal actions. Just a small Neutron Bomb targeting the Kim family and its toadies, with the unfortunate collateral damage to civilians around these leaders. I do not advocate this, just acknowledge the thoughts. Sorry, sometimes evil thoughts flit.

[@KB4QAA]

@@veritas41photo Simply untrue. Nothing cruel about the neutron bomb. The intent was to create a bomb with more immediate radiation and less fallout. However, it proved to be an ineffective concept due to atmospheric humidity limiting the radiation. No neutron bombs were ever fielded by any country.

[@KB4QAA]

@Bernard de Fontaines Could be. Artillery is a very specialized niche. There were fieldable neutron bomb designs, when scientists discovered the limiting effects of humidity, which essentially negated the envisioned advantages over ordinary nukes.

[@lukestrawwalker]

Not really... If you ever read Cohen's book (he invented the thing after all) the idea behind the neutron bomb was to keep Europe from becoming a devastated nuclear wasteland in destroying a massive Soviet armored invasion of the West. Instead of using kiloton range tactical nuclear weapons which produce the same effects as setting off thousands of tons of TNT in a massive explosion, creating a massive fireball and blast effects across a wide area, plus the nasty prompt and residual nuclear radiation inherent in all nuclear explosions, neutron bombs are designed to release MOST of their energy as prompt radiation, particularly in the form of highly penetrating gamma and X-rays and a burst of high energy neutrons, spreading outward from the detonation point (hypocenter) at nearly the speed of light. Producing the energy of the nuclear reaction in this way minimizes blast and heat damage, so the "explosive yield" of a TRUE neutron weapon is down in the tons to tens of tons range, instead of THOUSANDS of tons of TNT. What this means is, if there had been a Soviet armored invasion of Western Europe in the 80's, that with the "standard" tactical nuclear weapons that would have been employed at the time, if it was within 10 miles of your town or village, you'd have been a dead duck most likely, because a kiloton range bomb dropped on a Soviet tank formation would have vaporized and blasted and burned most of those tanks out of existence, but the heat pulse and massive blast wave would have leveled your town and probably burned anyone out in the open to death, and resulted in horrific collateral damage, death, and injuries in the civilian population being overrun by Soviet tank columns. Such was the only option for military planners trying to halt a Soviet invasion of Europe by massive amounts of Soviet armor, with the limited conventional forces completely incapable of performing the job alone *without* nuclear weapons, which the United States and the NATO nations were willing to build, support, and field, thus forcing them to rely on nuclear weapons to halt such an invasion, and the necessity of using such nuclear weapons on their own soil and destroying large swaths of their own countries to halt a Soviet invasion. Those people who happened to be too close to Soviet armored spearheads were simply considered "expendable" to the cause of stopping the entire country or entire continent of Western Europe from being overrun by Soviet troops and the war ending in utter defeat for NATO and the western allies. To be continued... OL J R :)

[@lukestrawwalker]

@@KB4QAA Not exactly correct. Neutron radiation pulse, along with the prompt gamma and X-ray pulse from a nuclear detonation, do diminish rapidly with distance and are attenuated (absorbed and reemitted as lower energy radiation) by the atmosphere, water, and soil. The denser the substance it travels through the more pronounced the effect, of course, as with any radiation. Neutron bombs are designed basically to produce the equivalent of a "nuclear fizzle" or excursion, rather than a full-fledged nuclear blast with intense heat. Thus the yield of a *true* neutron bomb is in the tons to tens of tons of TNT range, versus kilotons (thousands of tons of TNT) range for regular tactical nuclear weapons, or megaton range for strategic warheads. This reduces the area of collateral damage enormously, and as you pointed out, greatly reduces the amount of residual radiation (fallout) produced. Reducing the blast and heat produced in favor of a pulse of intense gamma and X-ray prompt radiation and an intense pulse of neutron radiation at the moment of detonation, and using that prompt radiation as the primary military effect on enemy troops, while reducing collateral damage to surround civilian areas and minimizing collateral civilian death and injuries compared to heat and blast of kiloton range tactical weapons that would have been employed in the absence of neutron weapons. I wouldn't say "NO" nation ever produced neutron warheads, either. True the US produced "enhanced radiation" (ER) warheads weren't really true neutron warheads, BUT I'd be willing to bet that Israel produced some number of neutron warheads as part of their undeclared stockpile... after all, Israel is SUCH a physically small country, to destroy their enemies using regular tactical nuclear weapons in the kiloton range would basically amount to suicide, because of the amount of collateral damage to such a small country... IOW their enemies would be too close to ever use regular tactical nukes on them without leveling their own country from the collateral damage of using the weapons in the first place. I'm sure they probably also have some strategic weapons of some sort as well, for use against distant enemies or against foreign nations that might threaten them with nuclear attack, like say Iran... dropping a hundred kiloton range nuclear weapon on say Damascus or Tehran would certainly get the message across... Later! OL J R :)

[@Calidore1]

This is a treat. I thought the first part was good on stills and video selection, but now I can see on music and interview subject they’re pretty good too.....effusive, moi? Mais oui! This is an exemplary bit of documentary storytelling.

[@jimkon5767]

You're a little bit too excited - such is the French fem boi ...

[@charmcitytoe]

Will there be a Part 3; based on most recent events? It would seem today that many of the things that we have come to believe about nuclear weapons and how they may or may not be used is up for debate again. In the face of that same young man who now says that he "will" use them if he encounters any external resistance to his Scorched Earth exercise in the Ukraine. Thoughts anyone?

[@MikeF1189]

need an updated version.

[@Chironex_Fleckeri]

Yeah but our current nuclear weapons policies are 100% not public information.

[@Chironex_Fleckeri]

I'm willing to bet the CIA has a handle on Trump, because they know he's not someone who ultimately could be trusted to make a calculated decision on their use. I'm sure they keep a lot of things hidden from his view.

[@frankpienkosky5688]

@@Chironex_Fleckeri got to believe they have nukes on the carriers....or any other ship that is tommahawk capable....remember "Under Siege"?.....but not the lesser ships....["The Bedford Incident"]

[@mohammedisaa9952]

Without any doubt, now that putins cancer has driven him more senile, america will be maki g nukes hand over fist and getting them numbers back up again GUARANTEED.... As for poo-tin, well thats all he has got left now, so he also will be making loads knowing america is doing the same, its been a while now so i reckon their both up to the 6,000 level if not more as poo-tin likes to show his "faster than sound missiles"..... I think we will be very lucky to see 2024........ if nigh impossible, and don't wish to survive a nucular holocaust.... Israhell and North korea also need targeting......

[@KB4QAA]

32:38 Pres. Carter was never a nuclear submariner. He was a diesel submarine officer. He worked in the nuclear office of Capt. Rickover, but he never was a nuclear submariner.

[@williamsimmons152]

Wasn’t he a nuclear engineer?

[@lukestrawwalker]

@@williamsimmons152 He was an idiot, and a limp wristed one at that. Why the Iranians walked all over him with the US hostages. That is, until Reagan got in there and they didn't want any part of that, because they knew their goose would be cooked. Sorta like now with the senile hair sniffer in chief we have now, and the Iranians are walking all over him already. Carter's failed policies basically precipitated the farm crisis of the 1980's which decimated the agricultural sector in this country, one of our strongest industries, for over a decade. His "Soviet grain embargo", put in place to punish the Soviets, nominally for their invasion of Afghanistan as I recall, caused a HUGE collapse in the US grain prices and a series of ripple effects that basically crippled US agriculture for the entire 80's and into the 90's. The lingering effects of that drove the present corporation-dominated mega-farms and highly brittle overly centralized "vertically integrated" system we have today, which we're staring to see the weakness of thanks to the covid pandemic (ie meat shortages caused by the small handful of corporate mega-production plants being shutdown by covid, while livestock in the chain are forced to be euthanized for lack of a place to send them for processing-- 40 years ago, most of the US meat industry consisted of much smaller, much more REGIONAL and local packing plants, but MANY MORE OF THEM-- such a system is MUCH less susceptible to being shut down or damaged by even widespread calamities like war or natural disaster, or pandemics, than a small handful of mega plants, the shutdown of any single one would basically take out about 20% of US meat processing capacity and cause the huge problems we've seen already... BUT the system we have now was the natural outgrowth of the circumstances created by the shortsighted stupidity of the past, of which Carter was the chief architect in this case... Later! OL J R :)

[@williamsimmons152]

@@lukestrawwalker Whew !

[@mohammedisaa9952]

See.... always lies in these so called factual documentaries ..... Thanks for the info.

[@californiaslastgasp6847]

This is. Good documentary but why did it talk about SecDef Cheney in between talking about the Reagan Administration? Cheney came to DoD after Reagan left the WH.

[@pop5678eye]

Skipped over Operation Giant Lance...

[@beklerken1]

As the saying goes, "Old men declare wars, and young men die fighting it". Nobody seems to speak of no more wars in our day unfortunately.. Peace from Oz.

[@hotroddady4694]

russia saw first hand in 1986 what damage playing with nuclear weapons and facilities have on the general public..chernobyl was the big change in russias stance on nuclear war....it astounds me that chernobyl was never mentioned.

[@failuretocommunicate]

Truth in history.

[@smokefentanyl]

As a Russian living in Canada, I love my country and my home country. I really wish we could all work together instead of against each other.. so much money spent on both sides that could have been put together and used to fund a collaborative effort to better the lives of everyone on the planet. Could you imagine if we didn’t have wars and instead focused on mutual success and prosperity instead of destruction and hatred.. I personally don’t think neither side is superior nor that anyone is worse or better or anymore or less deserving of having more influence or whatever. I can only dream of mutual respect and trust, collaboration and friendship.. there’s a lot more going for the idea of being united then being enemies and competing. Collaboration and teamwork have the potential to solve much greater objectives.

[@mohammedisaa9952]

@Patrick Yosef As your a russian.... i think you should go back to your home country... thats as polite as i can make this..... go back home, and take the rest of you with you.

[@Awesomes007]

Well said. Scientist Carl Sagan estimated that the US and Soviet Union employed almost half the world’s scientists in Cold War. Pretty wasteful.

[@DoctorProph3t]

One day, brother.

[@mylesflaig148]

View KZbin of Jeffrey Sachs talking to Massachusetts Peace Action on 2023/06/10 talking about the JFK Peace Speech.

[@Awesomes007]

@@mylesflaig148 will do. Thanks!

[@MWagner113]

I am back for Part2. Have you been praying?

[@peterwright4224]

15:42 did you hear elmar phud ? ;-)

[@QqJcrsStbt]

Glad I was not breakfasting on the breaching submarine. Looks like a wartime emergency procedure.

[@trespire]

If I'm not mistaken, it's called emergency breach procedure. A US sub once hit a Japanese fishing vessel, causing serious injuries and a serious diplomatic event.

[@walthansen6333]

Actually a submarine doing an emergency surface is a fun ride.... You don't quite come off the deck, but you know exactly when you've hit the surface..

[@anyjojinkerson6107]

all this after dropping 2 bombs

[@cxidp]

All these Strangeloves.

[@prof2yousmithe444]

The "US Strategic Command" is nothing like SAC. SAC and its people was a driving force for peace. They made sure that the Russians always said, "Not today." The USSC is a lacking in spirit and most of the members of the USSC suffer from a tremendous lack of motivation and upward mobility.

[@TheDude1764]

The common thread is that both iterations have been filled with psychopaths.

[@frankpienkosky5688]

the USSC feels they have time to consider their options and responses...SAC never really had that option...at least among the missile corps....

[@Byt3me21]

"The pen is mightier than the sword." - Edward Bulwer-Lytton 1839. From the play called Richelieu.

[@jamisbillson4872]

Byt3me21...ridiculous saying. The sword is designed to chop,peoples limbs off. A pen writes poetry.

[@Bob-yl9pm]

@@jamisbillson4872 it's not ridiculous! "The Pen" is a metaphor for the exchange of knowledge!

[@Bob-yl9pm]

@Rob M Who was wrong? ...Jamis Ins? Have you ever used a sword (knife) to prepare food? or chop people up? Are you a cannibal? You're being ridiculous! The Pen doesn't write, people do! It's communication and documentation, you know? like your Bill of Rights!

[@Bob-yl9pm]

@Rob M Please explain?

[@Bob-yl9pm]

Or is it Riddles, that make you somehow smarter?

[@johnhopkins6260]

When was this originally published? (no mention of how OSCE suckered Ukraine into surrendering their nuclear deterrence capability)

[@blakesutherland519]

The Soviet Union and now Russia made the historical mistake of allowing 90% of it's population to be crammed into the area between St Petersburg and Moscow instead of dispursing it's population to be more spread out. China made the same mistake by letting 90% of it's population to cling to the area between Bejing and Shanghai. Both areas are roughly the size of the Western United States west of Kansas which puts nearly their entire population, Industrial and Economic centers in a relatively condensed area that can easily be destroyed in a nuclear conflict. The population of the United States is far more spread out and distributed as are most of it's major industries.

[@brian9438]

1:55:10 Sorry, Alaska.

[@b.griffin317]

Glad you noticed.

[@thetreblerebel]

How crazy is this really. Its madness. So much money was invested in this over the course of over 60 plus years. Madness

[@jgedutis]

It was cheaper than all the money that would have been spent on all the large wars that would have happened if we didn't have a M.A.D. policy

[@thetreblerebel]

Well I'm here for now..until the next go round. May not be so lucky. That thought as a reality is still..madness

[@thetreblerebel]

It still didn't stop vietnam afganistan Georgian ukraine Czech republic so on and so on. Nuclear weapons dont stop war, on heightens the chances of a false move. Both sides extremely guilty of it

[@fidziek]

well - money invested - and where did that money go? Because I think it went to people, corporations, scientists, mines and miners... Steel workers, designers etc... Money is a form of energy -0 and never just disapear...

[@wkiernan]

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the great leaders of the great powers were fighting a World War every 25 years. At that rate we would today have recently finished World War IV and be arming up for World War V. And why not? Before their enemies could get their hands around the necks of any of those great leaders, they have to butcher tens of millions of us ordinary citizens that the great leaders had placed between each other. Then some very clever guys came up with an ingenious technical way to kill the great leaders good and dead, not after years of grinding slaughter, but within the first day - maybe the first hour - of the wars they'd start. Presto! no more World Wars. All hail Oppenheimer and Fuchs!

[@kening95]

You have to fight the war with what equipment you have, hench, a slingshot.

[@erickieffer8440]

Non state actors may be deterred by holding the threat of anihalition over the states that harbor them. States are responsible for policing their populations and crazy must stop somewhere. If some populations are willing to tolerate those who will act to do us harm, then they will accept their eradication.

[@amedtajanjimenez9767]

Really? I doubt you think that way now that biden is president. Clown

[@jamesmurray3889]

A tiring list of Reagans "failures" and "provocations" and when Gorbechev finally comes to the table it wasn't Reagans negotiate from a position of strength, it was because Gorbechev was nice guy....

[@jona.scholt4362]

They handled Reagan as fairly as every other president, pointing out strength and weaknesses.

[@vatodad]

Associated with my earlier comment that our government often fails direct ignizio the fact that aggressor nations do not have the morals or ethics that we hopefully do... Given that realiti upon the demise of the Soviet Union we rapidly determined that the Soviet had violated every treaty that they had ever made!!! Yet, we complied with every one of those treaties. We were and ARE far more vulnerable than anyone will admit.... Our greatest mistake was the abandonment of tactical weapons associated with SALT II. Sadly many people believe that we no longer need nuclear weapons as a result of the demise of the Soviet Union. This is absolutely not true for 3 reasons... Number one is the fact that the Soviet are presently developing new nuclear weapons systems while we rely upon systems that were developed at best in the early eighties and are 40 years old!! Our primary weapons systems were designed 50 to 60 years ago!!! Number 2 is the fact that China is using its new found riches to develop new nuclear weapon systems and developing massive conventional systems as well. Number 3 is the fact that the Soviets and China have shared both nuclear secrets as well as providing nuclear hardware to rogue nations such as North Korea. Hence these nations pose a nuclear threat to the United States. Considering these 3 facts, we actually need to take a hard look at our present nuclear weapons systems. We'd presently rely upon systems that are, on average, 50 years old but were designed for a 20-year lifetime! Please is a sad reality and should concern everyone especially given the fact that the Chinese and Soviet are presently developing systems with today's technology. In addition we do not have any tactical nuclear weapons systems while these aggressor nations do. This is not only destabilising politically but from a practical standpoint gives them the option of 1st strike using tactical nuclear weapons!!! Our nuclear weapons research design development and production capabilities have been reduced to the point where we are no longer capable of building nuclear weapons anymore. We can not produce the plutonium required. The people who designed these weapons are like myself all retired or dead. In addition the morale within the military nuclear weapons groups has deteriorated greatly over the last 40 years. Sadly the activists do not understand the realiti that is only because of nuclear weapons that we have not had a another World War in 80 years!!! Without nuclear weapons, the Korean war would have resulted in a World War, and this was only 5 years after the end of WW2. Most of the activists failed to realise that the people who work in the nuclear weapons industries are far more concerned about the use of these weapons because we understand the true potential. However we also realise that without these weapons the world would be far less safe and that many many millions of people would be dead or imprisoned in a governmental situation search as the Soviet Union circa 1980 or North Korea. Play speak of peace but what they promote is too horrific to imagine. They make a something's better all false and would result in far more situations like North Korea. The ignorance that has caused us to be unstable as a nation has put us in a very dangerous situation. They do not understand what is really transpiring nor do they understand the consequences of their proposals. I watched the degradation over the 45 years of my career. There has been and a tremendous decline within our nation since 1965. Ignorance is not Bliss... In our case it will prove to be disastrous.

[@mohammedisaa9952]

@Rick Flores You know Rick (if i can call you that), i completly agree with every word you have said to the letter..... 1,000% wise and solid words of wisdom Pity is, todays generation just doesn't care, and they would rather sit on a bus tapping on their phones than consider, much less doo something about what you have said here.... Todays generation are apathetic pathetic and not worth any effort, ive braught up children myself, and as kids tried to instill positive virtues whilst being in a split relationship, but now that they have grown up they are "too busy" to even tap out messages, let alone talk or meet or even help their elderly farther...... Kids wandering the streets aimlessly getting eachother pregnant to get accomodation and extra money whilst they deal drugs or whatever from their houses whilst their babies are left to cry and scream....... Todays generation are not even worth saving, and im sorry as you americans say "thank you for your service" we dont even get that respect here (u.k) im sorry for all that you and your farther did for this world as did mine for todays generation who aren't worth anything anymore....... thats all down to the media people both watch and listen to in music...... thats what has messed up this world, and it all comes from the same place where all the kids go missing to.......

[@robertrogers8354]

And this is what caused our SAC bases in upstate n.y. to close! Griffiss AFB in Rome and Plattsburgh AFB in Plattsburgh...was it good? No it was a dreadful decision for the security and economics of our region!

[@mohammedisaa9952]

Oh well .... hay ho.... flower power, now wait and see that poo-tin will launch his nukes once he realises he cant get all that oil under the donbas he has been letting his soilders die for so he can have many more billions in rubles as a dictator whilst his citizens eat scraps and have to steal washing machines off of eachother...... sick society.... My advice, get out of america whilst you still can.

[@kevinf8310]

The 'background' music makes it hard to understand the speakers.

[@kainhall]

too bad its built into the video (aka, the person who uploaded this to youtube DID NOT add any extra music) it would be like trying to remove the bass guitar of a song you like..... impossible unless you completely re-do the whole song, and make a new master tape

[@kainhall]

and i dont have any issue hearing the speakers.... im just using a 2.1 stereo on my PC.... given that its a very high quality "hi-fi" set of speakers.... but try using something better than a phone speaker...... try using some ACTUAL speakers, and not 5 dollar walmart trash

[@JG-mp5nb]

Enable closed captioning.

[@stevehairston9940]

@@kainhall I'm using a walmart cell phone without an external speaker, and I hear heard the whole video just fine.

[@mohammedisaa9952]

@kain hall You cant get "hi fi quality" out of a pc.... everything has digital quantersisation applied to it..... even highest sample rates are confined to 20hz to 20khz.... biy proper equipement, and 2.1 isnt real either as that is synthetic sound, listen to an opera singer with 1 set of vocal cords and then try to listen to what a 7inch logitec speaker sounds like, sheer junk, go to a real hifi shop and listen to quality music from a reel to reel tape deck that has been recorded onto properly off a master. Logitec 2.1 "hi fi" 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂 you win the internet today with that comment.

[@archaedemos]

Spys like us and wargames come to mind while watchin this

[@WalterBurton]

👍👍👍

[@shashidharshettar3846]

In 2020, Newton’s 3rd Law will happen ->”Action & Reaction are Equal & Opposite”

[@MichaelSHartman]

In 2020, anything could happen.

[@MichaelSHartman]

@Bernard de Fontaines I agree, and believe we are in a second Cold War. If China increases its nuclear arsenal to 1300 warheads as it desires, a second nuclear arms race may begin. Through early childhood I had no doubt that the government was against communism. "Better dead than Red". Now, I see communist infiltration into government to the point they don't hide it. Chinese Cultural Revolution survivors are warning Americans that we are beginning a Cultural Revolution. You're right, scary.

[@ronaldblythe7559]

@@MichaelSHartman You guys were right. Things did happen in 2020.

[@frankshannon3235]

"...the constant from 1950 to 1920..." And for the rest of our lives and the lives of our kids and our kid's kids we will have to deter Russia.

[@mohammedisaa9952]

Why not just remove them off the map all together, 1 hit, c.c.c.p, north korea and israhell, remove them and you would be near world peace, remove all the sinagogues and all of your children would be safe, then your guaranteed world peace.

[@scootertooter6874]

Who killed SAC? Once again, we confirm that "The Butler" did it. Incredibly MISGUIDED move. It is needed in it's original form now more than ever.

[@None12445]

So many old men.....they do not have to live with the aftermath ..

[@geraldwalker3012]

There was no aftermath due to the deterrence in the policies of those old men

[@OneEyedJacker]

At the time, they were young, like you. Not old as you see them now speaking of the past.

[@jerrygereckegod8224]

We still have the Strategic Nuclear Triad. Let's bring back the B-58, the F-111F, and the Strategic Air Command! P.O. the Chinese and the Russians.

[@Swordsman52]

Why would we bring back antiquated systems?

[@brandonl6196]

We still have SAC, it’s now called Global Strike Command.

[@robertkelly5515]

Ahh the BOMB, glorious invention, tick,tick,tick,tick!!!! can you hear it , I can.

[@dominicseanmccann6300]

More than ever. And I am a 'cold war' kid! Love 'n' peas.....

[@Chironex_Fleckeri]

How do we handle the fact that with A.I. and other advanced "cybertechnology" such as computerized 3D printing, making a nuclear weapon will be near trivial for any resourceful government in the world? The more countries that obtain them, the more their neighbors want them. It's a snowball effect. What is the contingency for a world full of nuclear-armed governments? The Go-board becomes too complex to manage effectively like the US and Soviets did. It has only been 75 years since they were invented. We've come close to the end many times already. Isn't the only answer the impossible thought: a total disarmament of every country in the world? It seems like nuclear weapons are the great filter for any civilization who discovers them. They are easier to invent than total world cooperation, far easier.

[@Chironex_Fleckeri]

The 21st century is just as, if not more dangerous than the 20th vis-a-vis nuclear weapons, yet no one talks about them anymore.

[@b.griffin317]

Two words: fissile materials. Can't 3D-print those.

[@thorerik678]

Crazy it was but isn't that the primary nature of man?

[@mohammedisaa9952]

NO..... only 1 kind of man whos ambition is to destroy and not care about the consequences...... the rest of us strive to be decent people but are brain washed by a certain religions followers media that come out of hollywood and is on our telivisions and in our music....... try to learn what the babalonian talmud is..... then you will begin to understand.....

[@alennx22]

Consider how many lives were lost to war prior to 1950, and then how many after 1950 ... the nuclear deterrent is the smartest thing ever invented.

[@NathansHVAC]

Until it is not

[@jimmyf9545]

I would hesitate to agree as my nerves have been frayed since I was in grade school in the early eighties, frightened at any test or misfire of the nuclear sirens in my town.

[@jamesjohnson1710]

Verywell done,But i wonder if anyone is listening with all the worlds armed forces preparing for war thanks Russia,korea and the Islamic sebre rattlers 😢😢😢

[@TheDane_BurnAllCopies]

22:00 “This target or that target...” sounds like your shoting cans...... There is way to many war-Lovers on this planet.🙄

[@johnsnowkumar359]

The American nuclear program was jump started by two scientists from central Europe (not Germany) and Soviet chief nuclear scientist Igor Kurchatov. About a year-and-half before end of second world war, Two men from central Europe (not Germany) came to Washington DC saying they had drawings of powerful bombs and asked for permission to meet President Roosevelt, and had an audience with President Roosevelt, with extensive engineering drawings of atom bombs, some with initials I.K. The two men from central Europe (not Germany) even had drawings of the atom bomb previously designed by Soviet nuclear dissidents who had extensive knowledge of atom bombs since 1936..The two men from central Europe said they had a decade long friendship with Soviet Soviet atom bomb chief designer Mr. Igor Kurchatov (IK), and had a few of his team's blueprints of atom bombs from two three years back Soviet atom bomb program started in 1936 or 1937, with Mr. Kurchatov leading a team of hard core Soviet nuclear scientists, mostly nuclear dissidents in terms of political belief. The papers also had exact personal calculations initialed by someone who initialed the sheet as I.K., with dates of calculation of air-blast requirements, initialed IK, done about three years earlier by secret East European nuclear scientist Mr, I.K. That time few scientists in America had knowledge of nuclear science, unlike the Soviet Union. The two scientists that their scientific colleague and former friend from East Europe and his fellow scientists in the Soviet tam designing atom bombs did not want to build the atom bomb. They would rather have the United States build and use the first atom bomb. About a year earlier the scientist IK told the two scientists from central Europe, that they will later build bigger hydrogen bombs to fool their public and just to fool Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. Papers handed over to Roosevelt included materials needed, and actual atom bomb drawings with initials IK, and air blast required to destroy a city, each sheet of paper or blue print had the initials IK towards the bottom. The two men from central Europe stated to President Roosevelt that Soviet nuclear dissidents were against their country acquiring an arsenal of atom bombs. Back in America, Roosevelt and his men got hold of radio inventor named Marconi who admitted his lack of knowledge of nuclear science. The American nuclear program of January 1944 were a bunch of radio tinkerers. Lead scientist had invented the radio. The one American in Marconi’s team who had studied nuclear technology was Robert Oppenheimer, a man born of German immigrants in about 1904. Roosevelt said to Marconi he the President already had copies of engineering drawings of atom bombs to help Marconi re-draw and built the first atom bomb, and directed Marconi to get hold of other scientists from other fields as part of a team. In 1944 1945, America had almost no scientists with expert knowledge of nuclear science like Igor Kurchatov and other Soviet nuclear dissident scientists. Marconi already had blue prints of atom bombs from the two scientists who visited him in the White House or at his office. such as genes technology and radio waves were given copies of the drawings of atom bombs given to them by a man named Igor Kurchatov. Kurchatov who headed Soviet nuclear program to built an atom bomb from 1936 - 1937, did not want Stalin to build the first atom bomb. America's first atom bombs were built by a team of amateur scientists assembled together by Marconi based on drawings handed over to Roosevelt by the two nuclear scientists who also had a drawing of the Soviet atom bomb drawn by Soviet nuclear scientists as early as 1942. Marconi was the inventor of the ww2 radio and not a nuclear scientist, nor were any of his scientists nuclear scientists. Marconi the ww1 era radio inventor designed nu clear bombs based based on drawings handed over by two scientists from central Europe and these two men also handed over drawings of atom bombs designed by Igor Kurchatov a good looking Russian nuclear scientist with very extensive knowledge of nuclear science. The engineering blueprints given to Roosevelt were good enough that anyone with knowledge of engineering drawings can build a simple atom bomb or a complex hydrogen bomb. So, Marconi and his team of scientists with little background of nuclear science could build atom bombs based on drawings and paper work handed over to Roosevelt by the two scientists, who also handed over a drawing of the Soviet design of their Soviet atom bomb, from a man named Kurchatov..

[@DogeickBateman]

Wrong, wrong and wrong

[@mohammedisaa9952]

@John Snow Kumar You are delusional and proberly are a lieing untermenchen..... how much di moo-sad pay you to write this? Or was it you cancer ridden senile stalin wannabee poo-tin?

[@Chakotay1za]

"abandon all hope all ye whom enter here" - our world after nuclear annihilation**

[@Chakotay1za]

@Bernard de Fontaines "large parts of society would be in it for themselves with all the recent riots just goes to show us that hope would be at a premium to say the least, as for nuclear winter that remains to be seen. hiroshima and nagasaki those devices where minuscule in comparison to the mutually assured "devices" of today. man must evolve past violent ways a debate for another time perhaps" ~ thanks for reply :)))

[@Chakotay1za]

​@Rob M "yes as I once heard mankind referred to as a dangerous, savage child race"

[@timmotel5804]

@@Chakotay1za "Evolve"... Not humans, for hundreds or thousands of years, or never. BOOM

[@ricktimmons458]

turn off music please.

[@kainhall]

uh.... its "built into" the original video.... the uploaded DID NOT decide to add music.... the music was their from the start removing the music would mean muting the whole video..... would be like trying to remove the bass guitar from a song you like..... impossible unless you have the original masters

[@stevehairston9940]

No

[@GrumpyOldMan9]

You were only invited to be interviewed on this show if you are male, white and grey (and wear a suit).

[@robertrogers8354]

And here we are again 50+ years later with Russia and Ukraine...🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸

[@mohammedisaa9952]

Yep, russia should have been wiped off the map after the bomb had been tested in japan....... just levelled the whole place......

[@shashidharshettar3846]

DURING the next III World war (sure it will happen) & If Nuclear Weapon were to be used then, Share your Educated Guess, which country will use it first and on which country they will strike first?

[@CompetentSalesUSA]

Boyer could use a shave and a haircut

[@hotroddaddy-et4xg]

reagan was to next declare war on drugs ie..the general public. come up with draconion sentences and fill the jails..nothing the americans did helped to sign a treaty and dissasembly of most nuclear bombs..it was the chernobyl meltdown that clued russia into what really happens when playing with fire..russia followed through with the pact but u.s. didn't..they kept over 1100 ballistic missiles just in case..horseshit. they figured they had something to manipulate the world politics and weren't about to let that power go..they were absolutely fine and still are fine with israel having them..but others are dangerous countries that may become rouge .

[@eddiejones4001]

Well said! Do as I say, not as I do!

[@Ward413]

Jason Stanley Reagan indisputably expanded the War on Drugs. It’s one of his legacies, unfortunately.

[@Ward413]

Jason Stanley Yeah that’s fair.

[@mohammedisaa9952]

@hot rod daddy "Israhell has america"?...... its the american tax payer that has you unter menchen by the tune of trillions of dollers per year..... You really are a fine example of a delusional schnodder and why the final solutional was and still is such a good idear. Be careful you dont wash yourself with your grand parents......

[@agsbbbluebird2426]

ghostrunnindeaththrowshadows🐫🐪💧💧💧🐦🐦

[@carolynwertelecki698]

All social spending should be redirected to the military and to the justice department.

[@mattsherman9707]

Duttit lol tkdlddkdt kk oo.I ow

[@robertkelly5515]

WHAT IS A SCHIZOPHRENIC?

[@stevehairston9940]

LBJ

[@mohammedisaa9952]

.... part of the lgbgt community

[@jonathanstrong4812]

I WAS!

[@ketanjibrownsfavemolester7592]

One who punts, 👈🤔 on second down.... 🏈...

[@philipmay6003]

I can only image what the nuclear documents that Trump kept in his basement have to say. Oh well, he said he declassified them anyway so I'm sure they weren't important after all.

[@ketanjibrownsfavemolester7592]

This post didn't age well...👈🤣

[@joesilver1850]

And I will shew wonders in the heavens and in the earth, blood, and fire, and pillars of smoke. 31The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and the terrible day of the LORD come.

[@dirtycraneoperator]

Insane use of human energy. Gun control lol

[@TheMrCougarful]

This didn't age well.

[@yureybezmenov3832]

i WOULD SURE LOVE TO GO BACK IN TIME TO 1945 AND TELL US. SOLDIERS THAT THERE ARE CERTAIN PHRASES TO REFER TO THE ENEMY THAT THEY ARE NOT ALLOWED TO USE IN THEIR OWN COUNTRY OR ON SOCIAL MEDIA CIRCLES IN THE FUTURE!

[@shahdon007]

Z

[@squalor33]

Crashing pianos, strings, horns, drums! The music makes these otherwise excellent documentaries almost unwatchable.

[@non-human3072]

Awesome video, but in 50 years I hope you will all be "out of the job"

[@geraldwalker3012]

Dream on

[@bevaconme]

alternate title: white men and women explain nuclear war stuff to us.

[@ejharbet6390]

racist much?

[@mohammedisaa9952]

Your not an african american we hear so much about in europe who deals drugs, complains about breathing and says with comments like yours that black lives matter.......... after reading comments like yours i would have to disagree, no they dont matter.... at all....

[@davidgraham4807]

Of course.

[@benjaminnagy8770]

The mysterious maraca holoprosencephaly pinch because fedelini considerably wash with a wandering parsnip. giddy, dynamic quit

[@user-ij1cn1xv2u]

이프로그렘읆마느신분은의대하다

[@user-ij1cn1xv2u]

이류의한삼으로서초선을다하는모습에고납고 겨외스헙다

[@mohammedisaa9952]

You havent taken your medication today have you?

[@mohammedisaa9952]

@최미자 Your medical health is no good either... are you both from the same hospital?

[@lloydkennedy8023]

The domineering claus ultrasonographically stop because lamb greely behave across a jumbled partridge. dirty, billowy chief

[@veritas41photo]

Let's just send a nice airmail package to North Korea, warning them first so they can evacuate, and then let 'er rip on every site that has anything to do with their war-making capability!

[@amedtajanjimenez9767]

Good thing youre not in charge of those decisions. Trigger happy joe

[@mohammedisaa9952]

Send the same packadge to israhell and all the american sinagogues where all the kids go missing in them communities..... Then to the whole of russia who let that cancer ridden senile stalin wannabe poo-tin terriose the whole world and genocide a nation that just wants to live in peace while poo-tin just wants the oil under the donbas....

[@MooseMeus]

carl sagan is annoying.

[@robertkelly5515]

No it hasn't stop quoting Donald Duck , Mr Frump!!!

[@amedtajanjimenez9767]

Let's see how long you laugh until the chinese army knocks on your door, because biden wasnt able to fullfill his duty as president

[@sutton727]

I watched this from the beginning and right away noticed the left-wing liberal slant, why you cannot just report the facts and clean up your political slant.

[@NathansHVAC]

That wasn't left. It was 100% swamp

[@peterwright4224]

At no point in this documentary were France and the uk discussed as equal NATO partners. This is extremely disrespectful do other nuclear partners just have to accept american ideas without question ?

[@TheShootist]

especially since France hasn't been a partner since Charles de Gaulle

[@TheShootist]

​@Bernard de Fontaines la France is fully back in NATO? I'm old enough to remember de Gaulle as President. Of course it should have nuclear independence. I don't remember that ever being an issue.

[@mohammedisaa9952]

I dont think france has nukes, or germany for that matter..... we do tho 😂

[@ProfessorPesca]

The video is about US Nuclear Policy, not NATO policy.

[@uschurch]

Russia has always been and still is a risk to a peaceful human community on this planet.

[@carolynwertelecki698]

All social spending should be redirected to the military and to the justice department.

[@mohammedisaa9952]

You have written this twice and i agree both times......

[@jimmyf9545]

You should be first in line to build all the roads, schools, airports, all the logistics in state, federal and local governments, etc. What a putrid statement.