Christopher Hess, MD, PhD, Neuroimaging Part 1: Physical Principles of Neuroimaging

Computed Tomography is based on X-Ray technology. X-rays, when passed through an object, are attenuated -- yielding an image of the underlying structure. CT uses a similar mechanism, in which x-rays are passed through a slice, rotated around the patient, then combined to create a 2-dimensional image. A 3-dimensional volume is captured as the machine rotates around the subject.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging is created by a superconducting magnet. The patient is inserted into a larger bore than in a CT scan. The gradient coils on the inside allows for spacial localization. The patient is placed in a head coil then moved into the bore. Different flavors of MRI's include T1, T2, Contrast, Diffusion, Perfusion, and Angiography.
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