Understanding Climate Part 2: Volcanoes, Oceans, and Internal Variability

[@jamiegallier2106]

Appreciate all these incredibly informative series. Thank you!

[@cex7355]

We love prof dave

[@randal_gibbons]

Especially when he explains.

[@MangosAreOverhyped]

Dave, you are doing one of the most important jobs in society as a scientific educator. I hope at the end of each day you are filled with pride, because you're doing an amazing thing, and you have been for years. Cheers.

[@amitsinghbhadoriya6318]

Thanks 😊

[@watauguy]

Thanks PD!

[@glennpearson9348]

Great stuff, Professor Dave. Once again, educational and entertaining, all at once. Very much appreciated.

[@ayaouahnanou1754]

the best youtube channel on the subject, thank you and internet is cool

[@bearussell2444]

Thank you for all the educational content!

[@sciencenerd7639]

thank you

[@سيدهالنساءفاطمه]

Merci 👍

[@waelfadlallah8939]

De rien ☺

[@ianlee5812]

What is your strategy to reading papers? Whenever I read a paper, how can I make sure I'm not misinterpreting any information that's being presented?

[@vforwombat9915]

"What is your strategy to reading papers? " i usually start at the beginning and read to the end. " how can I make sure I'm not misinterpreting any information that's being presented?" err,... first, they might be lying to you. BEST way to do it is to learn statistics, critical thinking, and data analysis, and analyze every figure and chart they offer. otherwise, maybe somebody else has got ideas, but i rely on experts interpreting the data for me if it's too complex for me. and just hope they're not lying. if i can i try to get a couple different summaries from different ppl.

[@27.minhquangvo76]

Are you actually opening a climatology course?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

this is ecology, meteorology is coming soon

[@barretprivateer8768]

How is professor Dave so knowledgeable about so many subjects. He must spend every day reading and watching lectures. The man's brain probably weighs 30lbs.

[@rimbusjift7575]

Performance enhancing drugs.

[@Xamaza]

@@rimbusjift7575 so weed. -NFL

[@glennpearson9348]

He has long since acknowledged that he has paid staffers and researchers who pull the material together. Professor Dave then presents the information. This is in no way intended to imply that Professor Dave isn't an accomplished scientist. Quite the opposite. If you watch his series on chemistry, mathematics, and a few others, that is more than likely all his knowledge. I imagine things like his series on mycology (mushrooms) and meteorology (this series) come from different people with different backgrounds, but they are compensated for their work.

[@Xamaza]

@@glennpearson9348 so you didnt rule out PEDs aka weed? :D

[@RolfStones]

He is big enough to be able to pay actual experts to write about topics Dave has no expertise in himself. That is why he has broaded his scope even to economy and philosophy. It frees up time to make more videos as well that it reduces the chance of mistakes.

[@DeepSpace145]

Yet another educational video, thanks Dave !

[@androidangel787]

Great hearing you pronounce the ñ as it should be. I knew volcanoes have a cooling effect when they errupt but was not aware it was the result of sulfates. Thank you for clarifying for us.

[@infinitemonkey917]

Similar principle to solar geoengineering.

[@vforwombat9915]

" I knew volcanoes have a cooling effect when they errupt but was not aware it was the result of sulfates." iirc, and i might not, sulfates are part of what cars emitted before catalytic converters were mandated. back in the 70s, a few years after scientists decided global warming was real and manmade. [taking a brief moment to digress to point out scientists knew man was warming the earth in the 1960s, and yet here were are 55 years later having done jack and sht about it] a few scientists began exploring the hypothesis that pollution- mainly auto and factory exhausts- would put enough particulates in the air that we would have global cooling instead. the press jumped on this- a new ice age?- which is why you will see deniers always bring this up in debates. but it was only a few scientists, not consensus, and they resolved the issue by the 80s in favor of warming. also, we massively reduced pollution because smog was literally killing people, and some river in Ohio caught fire.

[@SmallGreenPlanetoid]

Curious as to what region you've heard people not pronounce the ñ? Here in the New York City tri-state area I've never heard anyone just say "Nino."

[@kimsteen8185]

Science stuff :)

[@Deathroll1988]

I keep getting into arguments with deniers, can you please adress some of their talking points in a future video? Like “plants thriving in higher lvls of co2” , “warmer climate will open up more land for agriculture in the north” etc

[@JeffSmith-it4tm]

climate change is a hoax that's designed to make rich people more rich, there's weather records dating back 100 years and are still not broken.

[@jcofer3074]

Can you do a video on electrical discharge mining by Mike Ferreira? Better known as so-called ancient minor Earth theory.

[@ruthikroshan7248]

Is their any chemical acids to dissolve the metamorphic rocks if you have idea on that. And please name the chemicals sir if you don't mind

[@davidwatson2399]

Hydrochloric Acid, carbonic acid, hydrofluoric acid. Try google it will give you the answers in seconds.

[@upon-fe2720]

Its so sad that conspiracy videos will pull millions of views while actual information pulls low thousands. Keep making these videos, it's such good work for humanity in general. I worry about the state of society and the inevitable direction it heads, even if the climate doesn't kill us, we will end up killing each other. Such a big part of being harmonious with other people/countries/races is having a solid basis on what is true and what is not, science being that bedrock, things won't ever be perfect but I fear we've already hit as good as it will get. The truth, even demonstrable truth is being shunned by more people by the day. Everyone has to have a team and each team is becoming less tolerant of the other. Even I feel less tolerant by the day. I think we're all smart enough here to know that everything is going to change fairly soon, and it's not going to be for the better. I decided years ago I didn't want to bring children into this world and with each passing year my resolution in that choice grows stouter.

[@kuwandak]

Meanwhile all the dummies are spawning little demons as if there was no tomorrow. Like, was there ever a time when giving birth to children was morally justifiable? Ironically, you're dumb for not wanting to have children. Life is inherently bad. You children would suffer regardless of when, where or how you gave birth to them.

[@RivBank-o3j]

It’s really sad how the human race doesn’t even care about species extinction they don’t even know what the hell a keystone species is it’s really just depressing almost

[@changemankind]

Little correction: There is no imbalance of the energy coming in from the sun and the energy radiating out from earth. An increased amount of greenhouse gases changes from which hight in the atmosphere the radiation escapes earth on average. Like you mentioned it causes a heating in the lower levels of the atmosphere but a cooling in the higher levels. Sabine Hossenfelder made a video where she explains it: kzbin.info/www/bejne/paLYZnegr7R1fJo as it is quite complex to get it exactly right.

[@Ivan_BSGO]

I noticed this too. It's like he gleaned it from a Greenpeace primer on climate change.

[@mikesparrow3807]

Nice PD - keep them coming - you’re a brilliant son-of-a-gun - we love the content!!!

[@MrZZsharka]

Question - if cold water is carried towards the equator and warm water is carried towards to poles, wouldn’t that cause the water near the equator to be cooler and the water near the poles to be warmer ? And I don’t just mean on the surface which absorbs the heat from the sun. I mean the deep water.

[@changemankind]

Yes, that would be true if the water would stop moving then and the sun at the equator would stop to warm up water and the cold temperatures at the poles would stop cooling down the water. But the movement of water and change in temperatures keeps going on. The water is warmer at the equator and colder at the poles just because the average temperature is warmer at the equator and colder at the poles. Water that is warming up is rising to the top and water that cools down gets denser and sinks to the bottom, this movement drives the current of cold water at the bottom of the sea towards the equator, where it warms up and rises to the surface then flowing back to the poles as warm surface currents only to cool down again and begin the cycle anew. This circular movement is called convection and also happens in a pot of boiling water for example. Where the bottom of the pot is hottest (lets say at the center) the water rises up and then moves out to the sides and sinks down to move towards the hot spot again at the bottom.

[@jondeere5638]

What is included is all good and fine except that the Sun and Moon are not included in the climate module simulations.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Yes they are. Check part 1.

[@thermonuclearmass]

But if the cycle of cold water co2 storage takes a 1000 years(by what measurement is this calculated?) , how can we as humans after only measuring global temperature for 150 years declare it is humans made climate change?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

We can measure much farther back than that. Ice cores, many other methods.

[@NinjaMonkeyPrime]

Why not just read some physics articles and learn?

[@thermonuclearmass]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains according to the Smithsonian, the different ways of temperature measurements, be it ice cores, foraminifera and shells of marine organisms pose a problem in understanding and quantifying ancient Earth’s temperatures. So they make an educated guess(working consensus) and hold symposiums and discuss these problems on forums. The point I was trying to make was that sudden changes in climate due to natural phenomena in short periods of time would not be measured very well and could have a huge impact on the climate changing. Extreme activity on the sun, an asteroid impact, a massive earthquake causing giant biblical floods with 100 foot waves, many of these things can happen suddenly and can change the climate profoundly overnight even if it would only be for several months it would change the avarage of the measurements on a anual basis thus giving a wrongly assumed temperature, im not arguing that the science is all wrong just not 100% correct.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

@@thermonuclearmass It's not an "educated guess". Science isn't uncertain just because you want it to be. Nothing you are saying contradicts any aspect of climate science. Climatologists are aware of such events.

[@thermonuclearmass]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains thank you for responding again, I believe I had not yet thanked you for that, and want to be polite as you are clearly wise and understand much more about this than I do. I am just having trouble getting on board with the agenda being pushed by mainstream media about this issue, because in my opinion, even if we remove all co2 producing elements from our human lives, if a major natural event happens it could all be for nothing. But that is just my opinion, and by no means science fact (I realize now). Do you think any such event is due any time soon? Thanks again for responding good sir and keep up the entertaining and informative videos.

[@clintosss]

Professor Dave please debate the flat earther Witsit!!!

[@horisview]

What‘s the point? FE is done. Why giving them attention?

[@clintosss]

@@horisview true, very true. His smug face thinking he’s right just annoys me

[@horisview]

I just looked into some parts of Witsit‘s newest video with Weiss and Fetzer. Nothing new there. Flurfers still spilling their scripts with the same lies and stupidities. And Weiss still promoting his fake toy app. And they act as arrogant as ever.

[@Zoogleas]

Frankly, FTFE did a good job 8 months ago of wiping the floor with Witless.

[@PauloCosta-cm1on]

I'd like to see explain how the pyramids were built in Egypt

[@davidwatson2399]

Hard work and human ingenuity. Why are you asking here. Look it up, you have a computing device.

[@davidwatson2399]

@@sharpie6888 No, you are projecting your own issues. How do you think the pyramids were built 🤨🤔?

[@horisview]

@@sharpie6888you mean what flurfers do all day?

[@coolguy51897]

There's Sephiroth in the thumbnail.

[@Zoogleas]

The diagram at 1:19 has a typo. Sedimentation inadvertently has a third i in it. Not major, but it irks my OCD for having things spelled correctly lol.

[@donchristie420]

Wael?

[@waelfadlallah8939]

I am here 😓 I should've been first 😅

[@rimbusjift7575]

​@@waelfadlallah8939 Slacker.

[@tiptop_1997]

Su.

[@Velnio_Išpera]

Please remove that red star from a shirt on introduction. It reminds fascist soviet union red star.

[@mrsamsun912]

As he has already stated, it's just a red star. If you see a swastica in a Hindu country, which is a symbol of good luck, will you be reminded of the Nazi's ? You need to stop linking things to other things when in reality they have nothing in common.

[@muggsylauer2683]

Really? I think of yeast.

[@PremierCCGuyMMXVI]

Gosh you people politicize everything

[@Velnio_Išpera]

@@PremierCCGuyMMXVI no, it's because of russia's atrocities to former soviet union republics, including myself. It's easy to talk for you then you never experienced it

[@PremierCCGuyMMXVI]

@@Velnio_Išpera it’s just a red star. You are going completely off topic and it has nothing to do with the video

[@achyuththouta6957]

Have you heard about the replication crisis. How can research papers be believed so easily when so many of them are not found to give similar results when replicated.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

That’s a bunch of bullshit spewed by people who want to deny science.

[@robertlewis8295]

Ummm... Wouldn't this "replication crisis" be quite commonly known due to the peer review process and the nature of the scientific method? A lot of younger scientists are dying to make a name for themselves by being able to prove and explain why someone is wrong. Look at the 1989 cold fusion announcement and thoroughly and publicly it was refuted.

[@jaykanta4326]

Tell me you don’t understand the replication crisis without telling me you don’t understand the replication problem. It’s mostly a problem when ethics, funding limitations, and human studies collide. Studies with overwhelming confounding factors, small n, p-hacking, type errors, and so on. It doesn’t involve observational physics and model validation with high validity data.

[@davidwatson2399]

The very fact that you have even heard about it shows that the peer review system is working. I gather you follow the nonesense in an ancient book, peer reviewed by a bunch of scientifically illiterate and ignorant iron age goat herders. Modern peer review of said fairy tales has exposed them as utter toss.

[@NinjaMonkeyPrime]

The crisis with psychology research? How's that apply here?

[@justabuddy382]

The ocean is warming up and that's why.. Normal time for Earths rhythm

[@thomasneal9291]

Actually, based on historic patterns, oceans should be cooling right now, not warming

[@RolfStones]

You should have watched part one

[@davidwatson2399]

Why are the oceans "warming up" 🤔 ? While you are at it, please explain what is causing the current global warming ?

[@hhassan22]

Thank you