Using MOSFETs with an Arduino

Using MOSFETs with an Arduino
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In this video we look at which type of N channel E Mode MOSFET to use with an Arduino. We look at why using the stanrd IRFP type is not the best because of the gate threshold voltage.
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[@Teklectic]

A perfect example I ran into of where you might use a logic-level MOSFET is on the main board for my 3D printer. The original designers opted for standard MOSFETs to run the heaters, the result of this was the requirement for heat sinks and active cooling to keep them cool, they easily reached over 90C. I replaced those with logic-level MOSFETs and no longer needed the active cooling; they stayed at around 24C during operation.

[@Batselot]

This channel is really fun when you are just chilling and trying to learn new stuff at electronics. Great work!

[@mikeoliver3254]

If you use logic level MOSFET’s they tend to stay cooler so you don’t need huge heat sinks as they turn all the way on when you are using 3.3v circuits too. Great video Paul, almost to that 100,000.

[@daveb7999]

Current at the Base vs Voltage at the Gate ... great lesson in Current conservation, thanks Paul. The lightbulb over my head just went High.

[@inspectormills3290]

I really don't know where else I would get such great practicle electronics knowledge. Thanks

[@anishhansoge17]

Superb video!! This video cleared all my doubts about MOSFETs!! Thanks a lot!

[@stevetobias4890]

Thanks Paul, great video as always. I like to check the data sheets before deciding what MOSFET's I decide to use. Always a great way of saving you from making silly mistakes

[@tav9755]

Great work again. Appreciate your work Paul. Lets lift you up through 100K subs! Keep going!

[@learnelectronics]

Thanks a million!

[@ChrisFredriksson]

First time I really understand what kind of mosfet to get - Thank you! :) Now.. to find a project where I need to switch a lot of current.. =D

[@michaelpadovani9566]

Great video and explanation Paul, I actually never had a use for MOSFETs in my circuit designs ... YET!

[@snottythe-snorlaxian4503]

I do not fully understand, but I am enlightened & will watch again.

[@leegoodair4678]

Hey Paul, thanks for another really helpful video 👍 I really like your content your cheerful manner even though it must be difficult for you at times with your health issues. Take care of yourself dude and stay safe 😎

[@warrenking1815]

Excellent point,especially when using common ebay parts which have less than perfect outputs!

[@tonysfun]

Nice and clear video, explained it well also! Thank you for making these videos!

[@moebiusfan9545]

Another useful video with a clear explanation. Thanks Paul!

[@tvdylan]

love the video !! im just about to attempt a gate driver circuit on my mosfet !! high speed, significant amperage and 12-36 volts on the input , what are the basic protection components i might need ? is it mostly just that 10k resistor to pul down the voltage quickly and safely ? : ) cheeers !!

[@ficho1234]

Thanks a lot! Really helpful! Please consider making video about data sheets of other common components, it is really hard for beginner to extract important stuff from mountain of information.

[@RC-Flight]

“Brain fart” OH I was wondering what that smell was!

[@minus5m]

Are you a voice actor by chance? You should be if you arent! That voice is a gift!

[@learnelectronics]

Nope, just an old engineer

[@nigeljohnson9820]

It's hard to find MOSFETs that will operate from a processor operating on a 3.3 volt supply or lower. In this case I use a low current bipolar transistor as a buffer. The virtue of the silicon bipolar transistor is that it only requires approximately 0.7 volts to saturate the base emitter junction, making it an ideal buffer. A common emitter buffer is very useful for switching on a p channel enhancement mode power MOSFET. The alternative solution might be to fit an opto coupler, allowing a 3.3 volt processor to switch on the gate of a MOSFET working at a much higher supply voltage. The only limitation being the amount of current an opto output transistor can source into the mosfet gate. There are OPTOs with Darlington output stages that help. There are also more expensive MOSFET OPTOs. I have used these to disconnect the I2C bus data and clock lines, connecting different, and separately powered, modules together on a ribbon wire bus. ( OPTO Toshiba TLP597G) When power is removed from one module, the OPTO stops the unpowered module bus from pulling down the I2C bus lines on the other units. The OPTO I am using has only a one ohm resistance when on and practically infinity when off. This make it idea for connecting in series with the I2C bus lines.

[@otroblogdemarcelo]

Thanks! Always have doubt with Logic Level Mosfets! Cheers from Argentina!!!

[@englishrupe01]

Thanks, Paul! Great demo and explanation!

[@ionix2000]

Very good video. Thanks. Appreciate it!

[@ninjutsuryu1161]

Thanks for the video. Can you also do one on driving a P channel MOSFET?

[@davethedaemon9024]

FYI - I found a good p-channel "logic level" mosfet from Mouser Electronics. NDP6020P has a 70ns fall time, 30ns rise time. I tested at 3.3v and it was around 7 milliohms at 1/2 amp. (I can't test it at the rated 24A.) It wasn't bad at 1.5v in the 10's of milliohms. The downside is the gate-source max is +/- 8V. I intend to make a multi-rail power supply with a common ground - monitored and controlled with an arduino. Turning the separate rails on and off require p-channel mosfets. And I will monitor voltage and current with multiple ADS1115's.

[@deankq4adj125]

Another great teaching video! Excellent job!!

[@puzzlefactorysoundstudios]

Wow, what a fantastic video. Thanks so much for making it, I've learned a lot more about reading datasheets! If I'm driving a IRLML6344 MOSFET from an ESP32 pin, would I need a series current limiting resistor? Vgs(th)=0.8v, Id = 10μA and Vds = Vgs for this model.

[@aeropeoplellc8160]

This is awesome. @learnelectronics Can you also make a video for gate driver circuitry both ic and discrete components please.

[@marceloandrade225]

I didn´t know this. Thank you!

[@davedouglas5732]

Yup. That helps.

[@dogeeatsveggies]

thank you so much! ♥

[@electronic7979]

Very helpful video

[@themrchappi1]

Thanks! Great video!

[@danbutler8741]

Nice video. In comparing the two MOSFETs, you seem to be assuming that all Arduinos are running at 3.3V, which isn't necessarily a valid assumption. I've been using Arduino Nano, which runs at 5V. So it seems to me that either one would likely be just fine, and not a lot of difference between the two. Am I missing something? (NOTE: I don't really have much experience using MOSFETs--so this is is really more of a question than anything. I'm here to learn!)

[@baldrickdaisy8982]

Great info... thanks Paul 👌

[@uditfand817]

Thanks your videos are very informative keep it up

[@andrasbradacs6016]

Great video! Can you make a video about the mosfet’s ratings? I mean there are a lots of properties of a mosfet and for example if I want to drive a 3.7V motor with Arduino PWM, which are those properties that I have to consider for choose the right mosfet.

[@markposner7803]

Awesome video! In the past I've used the IRLB8721PBF with fanominal results using 3.3v logic and running 250mA through the drain. I wonder how it would compare to the logic level mosfet you tested...

[@JasonLeaman]

Wicked video ! I love the brain fart ! that added character to the video ! Very Human Like !

[@englishrupe01]

Who is Brian.....and when did he fart? I must have missed it.

[@Adikimenakis]

Well, if you look at the I-V curves you can have about 70-80 amps with a Vgs of about 5 volts for the irf mosfet... So no problem!

[@klausbrinck2137]

I don´t know a lot about electronics, but noticed, that people use many gate-driver-designs... Is a LL-mosfet also in need of those drivers, or does the fact, that it conducts at 1,3v, lets it work finely even with solely an arduino? I´m thinking thereby of course on the switch-on/off-speed of the mosfet. In other words, turning on already at 1,3 out of 5 available volts, lets it turn on faster (shorter turning-on time), cause at just 1,3v the arduino has more mA left to give, and thus shorten the turning-on-time (????????????) In my case, I want to drive cleanly a mosfet at 5-30kHz, 1-2Α (so, not long delays while turning on/off), and looking for any easy way to do it, without having to study electronics first... ;-( Thanks á priori for every answer...

[@johanndohmann1281]

Hello Paul. Thanks a lot for this nice video. Best wishes for you from Germany.

[@CasaMaryParadise]

Nice stuff!

[@RD-ni7qe]

Just to clarify - is the NTE2985 only suitable for 5V Arduino boards, or will it also work fine with 3.3V Arduino boards?

[@learnelectronics]

It will work, at about 66% on a 3.3V Arduino

[@RD-ni7qe]

@@learnelectronics thanks! Is there a more suitable MOSFET you could recommend which will switch 100% with a 3.3V Arduino?

[@Electromakerio]

Interesting video! We would love to see more community MOSFET projects over on Electromaker.io!

[@nsummy]

Maybe a dumb question, but wouldn't both of these work equally as well with a 5v arduino? I am just now learning about mosfets but all of the examples I have seen send a pwm signal to the mosfet. It seems like in this video you are just showing the voltage that these things activate and in both cases 5v is sufficient.

[@dalenassar9152]

Isn't it correct that even a mosfet gate can draw significant CURRENT from the Arduino OUT pin if using it's high rise/fall times at a high frequency (or even low frequency) since the mosfet gate capacitance is charged and discharged quickly because I=dQ/dt? For example if the mosfet required 50 uC to charge it's gate capacitance and the rise time is 300ns, then the peak current draw from the pin is 166mA !...seems bad if a 1W LED was pulsed continuously at a fast rate for something like dimming applications. THANKS FOR ALL OF YOUR SUPER VIDEOS. I HAVE LEARNED GREATLY FROM THEM!!!

[@Arslab.random]

Try using a low RDS(on) or a logic level mosfet

[@imho2278]

Good info. I'm trying to light up lots of leds in parallel using premade led strips. Can I run them at a mere 1.2v with the correct MOSFET?

[@lubricatedgoat]

Make sure to limit the current if the LEDs don't have any sort of protection already. Do you intend to dim them?

[@snottythe-snorlaxian4503]

Don't be tellin' me what kind of Logic to use, bro! My Logic is true & pure!! My Logic is comin' straight from Detroit, son!! You feel me!!!!

[@leonardofloresramirez6075]

So the Vgs must be between the minimum and maximun so it's on? Or over? I didn't get it, sorry

[@markday3145]

The voltage where the LED turned on was not where the MOSFET was fully turned on, right? You’d need a higher voltage to get the rated resistance? It would have been useful to see that difference.

[@learnelectronics]

That was just where it started conducting.

[@bblod4896]

🤔 So, instead of using a relay to apply full power to the igniter, the logic level mosfet would work? Perhaps I should rig one up and test that. The change would remove the relay board from the launch computer. Thanks Paul.

[@learnelectronics]

Stick with the relay

[@bblod4896]

@@learnelectronics Okay.

[@MrVosh-nj2lc]

Hi Paul. As a general rule for MOSETS could you assume that the higher the current rating capability the higher the the required gate voltage?

[@Matematyk1996]

Hi Vosh, I hope you don't mind if I answer. General, bog standard Mosfets of all current ranges are usually driven with 10-12V, with gate max voltage at about 15-16 (carefull, some are lower). Generally, higher voltages might be usefull if you want to turn the mosfet on faster ( drive it "hard") - there are some caviats that I'm not a 100% on top of, but thats the general picture. P.S. There are new, emerging semiconductor fet transistors (GaN) that require a lower drive voltage (~7V) but have generally lower on resistance, higher current handling capability, and fast switching at high power (low Cgate).

[@MrVosh-nj2lc]

@@Matematyk1996 Thank you for answering my question. So, I infer that the gate voltage is independent of the current range capability. Those lower drive, high current FET transistors are new to me, thanks for the info.

[@davethedaemon9024]

@@MrVosh-nj2lc Have a look at the NDP6020P for contrast. It's a P-Channel mosfet (opposite polarity to the one in this vid). Rated at 24Amps, but max is 8V. I tested and it works a treat with 3.3v as well as 5v logic. This is still available at Mouser but "Scheduled for obsolescence and will be discontinued by the manufacturer".

[@davidkclayton]

you could use a darlington transistor

[@interbudelblag]

it would be hard to drive a high current like 30A through darlington. You can only use 25mA per output in arduino.

[@davidkclayton]

@@interbudelblag en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darlington_transistor i don't think Ib would the issue

[@josephocampo]

Is it possible to drive mosfet at high side using arduino?

[@davethedaemon9024]

If by "high side" you mean switching the positive rail on/off and not ground on/off, then yes. But you need a P-Channel mosfet. And the gate needs to go to zero/ground to turn on, and one/positive to turn off. Unfortunately, not many are logic level. See my reply to Ninjutsu Ryu about p-channel mosfets. I found the NDP6020P to be a good 'logic level' mosfet. But it's only for 8V or less. Good for 3.3v and 5v rails, but I will need to do figure out something else for +/- 12v.

[@josephocampo]

@@davethedaemon9024 thanks for the info. However, I need to control N- channel mosfet (IRFZ44N) on the high-side using arduino.

[@davethedaemon9024]

@@josephocampo Ouch. You are picturing the drain of the MOSFET connected to +5 and the source connected to the +load and the load connected to ground? That requires the voltage on the gate to be higher than +5 ... like +7v or better for complete milliohm turn-on. (This is roughly equivalent to an NPN emitter follower circuit.) In this circuit, if you can only give the gate +5V then the highest voltage you can give your load will be lower than 5V ... closer to 3V for your IRFZ44N. This type of circuit needs a P-Channel mosfet or a PNP bipolar for best results. For our needs as switches: N-Channel MOSFETs work best with source connected to (negative) ground, drain to load, and load to positive -- P-Channel MOSFETs with source connected to positive, drain to load, and load to negative. (I hope I remembered my polarities correctly.)

[@josephocampo]

@@davethedaemon9024 drain of irfz44n connected to +32v. I cant get out of switching it from the high-side. Will try to bootstrap using 2n2222 as gate driver. Or will find another way if doesn't work.

[@weerobot]

Cool again..

[@myscience5684]

FETs are a headache in calculation in both AC and DC analysis.

[@snottythe-snorlaxian4503]

Yeah, if its Bipolar it may not be able to function as well. They have medication for that, though.

[@pulesjet]

IRF540N are cheap.