Using the Water Brush - Comparisons and Techniques

[@chrisgregore359]

I realize it has been 6 years since you filmed this and I'm not sure if you still read these comments but I've been learning how to do nature journaling and one tip that Jack Muir Laws (you can Google him) has is to cut the tip off of an white cotton sock and then slip it on your non dominant arm to wipe your water brush on, to clean it when you are out in the field. This helps when you want/need to have less in your hands. =) Thank you for all the great videos you create.

[@mindofwatercolor]

Yep, pretty much read every comment. I’ve actually had that tip shared here a couple times. Good one!

[@klarissaplimmer3691]

I always check with Mind of Watercolor for the correct practise. Im going on a holiday and I was on the fence about using the waterbrush. I'm convinced I can handle this new tool and not annoy my travel companions. Thanks

[@jegatlin]

I'm a complete beginner. On a recent camping trip, i saw water brushes in a Walmart and bought 3. So much fun to use while traveling with minimum of painting supplies!

[@blanejnasveschuk6351]

Toted a small Arttoolkit with Pentel Aquash across Italy 2022 and this Spring. Effective, compact and convenient for on the go, simple, urban and landscape sketching. Love Pentel Aquash brushes for this purpose.

[@ae6888]

Out of curiosity, I just picked up a 3-pc set of water brushes from Walmart. I tried them for the first time alongside you in this video, and I'm equally impressed! These will be a fun addition for travel or even in-studio work. Maintaining a consistent water level in the bristles gives a nice amount of control and flow when painting

[@maryriley6163]

Thanks, Steve, for making these water brush comparisons and demonstrating their possibilities. I have a couple off brand water brushes which I never really used. I think I was shortsighted about their benefits. I have back trouble and one of my favorite treats to myself is to drive to the local park, position the car for a nice view, (they are all nice views) and draw or paint in my car where I am comfortable and there are no annoying interruptions. Kind of plein air through the windshield.

[@auroramathews1772]

i LOVE USING watercolor pencils, brushes and color loaded watercolor brushes. I usually end up using all of them including my tube paints and pans. I'm a beginner watercolor painter and really appreciate your tutorials. Thank you for sharing!

[@artistjoh]

Not all waterbrushes have nylon bristles. There are some lovely Sumi brushes with nice big natural hair bristles. Most waterbrushes have too small and too short brush tips for my liking, but the Sumi brushes are enjoyable. I also do like the Holbein water brushes, and the Caran D’ache sets have a felt tip version that offers interesting creative options.

[@joseynoyb9467]

Cool beans thank you so much! I'm traveling to Canada to visit my daughter so I'm glad I caught your video before I purchased my water brushes

[@robertsloan8923]

One thing about the Niji especially. I've been using watercolor brushes for years and love them. they do wear out. It takes some years of heavy use but like any synthetic brush they wear out. I just noticed this when I decided to pick up three extra ones and noticed much better points and flow control on the new brushes. That doesn't make the old one useless, it's now more like a wash brush for running faster and being blunt. Old brushes have their own uses!

[@mindofwatercolor]

Robert Sloan Agreed on the old brushes. Thanks for the input.

[@earthingearthling2976]

Niji brush is 3 in one. U can remove the one piece around brush tip to make a large paint brush. U can also twist it to make a fan tip

[@Eesoteric43]

I really enjoy the banter between you and Reese. Always brings a smile to my face :)

[@mindofwatercolor]

+Eesoteric43 😄

[@JamesPliny]

Watercolor brushes look like a perfect tool for little sketches while hiking. Thanks for the Video.

[@betinajuchemclemens7119]

I love my Pentel aquash. Soft, never clogged, dispenses the perfect amount of water. I use the small all the time on my coloring books, so there is a use for them 😄

[@kan-zee]

1990 these were invented by Chihiro Tanaka, he is credited for inventing these Water brushes. Other Brands are : Art-Kure Water Sketch Brush ZIG Brush H2O Staedtler Water Brush ROYMAC Waterscape Brush Aqua-Flo Brush Tria Brush Pen 2011 Blue Heron Arts that uses a piston filling mechanism. It comes in both a long model for painting at home and a portable pocket version (in the photo below) which has me excited because it is so portable and looks good in the pocket as well.

[@gerryarty8342]

Domou Arigatou Gozaimasu

[@jeanniewinters847]

So now , this is 2020. I purchased a paint pre-loaded water brushes by Arteza. Also, a clean water set with a variety of nibs by Arteza. It would be interesting to see a comparison using the Arteza brand. Thank you for this comparison.😊👍

[@jekalambert9412]

I just bought a set of Zig waterbrushes. I really love them. Good control of the amount of water, the line quality easily shifts from very fine to bold.

[@r.b7979]

You might not remember me from around a year ago but you've really helped me with every aspect of my art not just watercolour , I want to thank you for that! Now I'm 13 and I can seen the improvements I've made because of u , btw have un painted the skull on ur desk yet😅

[@mindofwatercolor]

Hi, I don't remember you specifically (read hundreds of comments each week) but I'm glad I was able to help and glad you are watching. No painting on the skull yet. Reese is an original so I think I'll leave him be. 😉

[@r.b7979]

The Mind of Watercolor that probably a wise decision 😅

[@JohnHarrisonArtist]

Yes, I agree, I thought they wouldn't be that good, but I was wrong. I bought the Derwent set of 3, just because that's what I came across. Like you, I didn't use the fine tip (1) as the 2 can do both fine and thick marks. They don't replace a proper paint and brush set, but are a great extra. Using the waterbrush to quickly wet the paper and do a sky was fun. Like watercolour pencils, you can use those on the go in places that might not let you set up a paint set. They are fun to use sometimes, and that's reason enough to try them. All the best, John

[@TeresaMArsenault]

I concur that Pentel brushes are excellent. This is the first time I have seen a small chisel tip though. I would consider Derwent because of that. Thanks for the demo.

[@sarahgignac]

I have the same Derwent set and I find them difficult. They suck a lot of water/pigment back into it, so I have to expend a lot of water to clear off a colour. Love my Sakura Koi brush.

[@pocahontassmith59]

i dont easily subscribe to people. ...that said, thank you so much for being thorough with your reviews techniques n explanations. ...it really helps revive the motivation for painting especially for some whose talents/aspirations might have been squashed in previously. not everyone can be a great artist AND a teacher.

[@mindofwatercolor]

Very kind thanks for the sub, and welcome!

[@NealArt26]

thank you so much for makeing this video on water brushes can you do a review on the Molotow Aqua Squeeze pens i would really appreciate it thank you

[@friedaschnell3729]

I just bought a set of Pentel water brushes. I'm thinking they would be fun stocking stuffers for my grandkids. I appreciate your videos. I always learn something. I also look forward to the verse at the end. 😉

[@Ms1lonewolf]

Hi I just got today these Autowings watercolor brushes and have been trying them out. I got from Amazon for 7.99 6 of them all different sizes, 01, 02, 03, 04, 07 and 10. According to the description they upgraded the barrel for easy push and no leaking. I've been using them with my watercolor pencils and I'm pleased with the results. It lets me have more control over the water. Makes it easier for the shadows and the highlights in your paintings. I especially like the push button idea because it does give you good control on how much water you need for what your painting. By the way I also do the thumb nails. I think it's a great way of learning your own style. Thank you for the videos and keep them coming 😊👍.

[@Ruby-wise]

Very good comparison. Thanks..I prefer the Pentel, water brushes also...actually use them to blend in outlines that I've drawn in with Faber Castelle Watercolor brushes..fun for Urban Sketching!

[@drawingmanga5610]

1:37. THANK YOU SO MUCH!!! I just got my first watercolor brush and I didn't have a CLUE on how to unscrew the brush-cap from the barrel. Then I found your video and saw to my great surprise how you just casually unscrew it, and I am like; STOP! HOLD ON FOR A SECOND!! HOOOW??!!! Then I tried exactly what you did, and hey, it worked! Thank you!😂😂😁😁😁

[@bouclechocolat]

Thank you for the video! I've amassed quite a collection of these just from ordering paints online and getting cheap water brushes as freebies. I also find they're great for initial color mixing with less paint/clean water waste. Pull your colors, dropping a bit of water on the dry paint well if you need to, and squeeze+dab on a paper towel to clean the brush between colors without worrying about running out of clean water.

[@mindofwatercolor]

@ Carin-rin H Pretty much the same as any standard brush. I would first squeeze a bit of extra water through it first. If it still needs more thorough cleaning I use hand soap at the sink.

[@gms9810]

I bought a Sakura Koi based on your recommendation a few videos back. I've been really happy with it.

[@mindofwatercolor]

gms9810 Awesome! Its a great brush. I use it frequently.

[@lisarichards1956]

I was delighted to find this video. I just ordered some Pentel Aquash brushes and a Koi watercolor set with a waterbrush, so I was glad to see that you liked the Pentel brushes so much. Thanks!

[@mindofwatercolor]

+lisarichards1956 👍

[@bikinggal1]

I got mine in a Japanese water colour kit. Never seen one before..could not figure out how to unscrew it...and then realized the threads were backwards!! I used just the tip for regular painting, but now that I see how it works will give it a try with water in the reserve.

[@AafkeVultink]

I think this deserves an up. I love both the sakura and the pentel.both come easily available in the eu as well.

[@originalname8338]

Only recently started watching but seeing your video start up makes my day better (currently night, but you get the point).

[@DesireeStamat]

Old video, but just what I needed. I lost my koi waterbrush on location and needed a new one. This review helped. I chose the Pentel this go.

[@AdoptAPuppyToday]

Found your channel a few days ago and I am so hooked! Watercolour, Bible verses, humour and good music- the perfect channel! :) I'm learning some excellent information and getting super inspired. Thank you for this channel! Take care!

[@mindofwatercolor]

AdoptAPuppyToday Thanks so much! Glad you are enjoying it.

[@wanttolearnreidy4469]

I have had a swet of Pental water color brushes for siome time but have not used the. After watching this excellent demonstration I shall try to experiment with the. Steve, thanks for writing down the names of the various brands and showing a very clear demonstration abd appraisal of each.... Excellent !! Thanks Steve I really do enjoy your helpful and encouraging videas.

[@mindofwatercolor]

You bet, glad to help!

[@mindofwatercolor]

@Donna- I've not seen the Faber Castell. Thanks for the input.

[@shreyasetya5032]

thanks so much for the video steve! I just wanna know that since youve used all these brushes, which one do you find the best, especially between sakura, pentel and derwent as you dont get many choices in india. I have only tried the koi one and am dying to get the pentel one but its kinda expensive here... will really appriciate your suggestions!

[@Mamaosa63]

Thank you this demo was an excellent example on becoming familiar with these water brushes. Very grateful for sharing your knowledge.

[@deborahthomas1617]

Thanks for the explanation and evaluation. It could be handy on location for monochrome. It doesnt seem practical for changing colors.

[@mindofwatercolor]

@ Adam - Thanks, appreciate the comments!

[@EricSareyka]

+The Mind of Watercolor Thanks for the product overview! I use the Pentel which works fine and bought the Derwent some days ago which I have to test in the future. My favourite usage is watersoluble ink and the water brush.

[@lindathaxton1994]

Thank you for this video - I always learn from you!

[@koskey06]

These brushes are great for beginners! I mean u grab one of these, a small pallette and some bbn paper and your ready to go! I love being able to take a water brush, pocket palette and my postcard size paper block, and take it where ever. Oh and a rag or paper towel is helpful! Using a nice brush just feels good, but these water brushes are nothing the sneeze at! I prefer a reg brush for small detail, just because I can use just as much water as bbn I want and not have more come out, but that's something u can do back at home.

[@arabellahorwitz2622]

TryCaran d’ache water rush and Holbein, if you can find it.

[@TTomJohn]

Thanks for the info and demo. I haven't tried them, felt the same way as you, but will now give them a go.

[@danakolpin1289]

Good advice on water brushes. I am going to try the Pentel Aqua Brush. Dana

[@sandramansfield112]

Very informative video. Thank you for sharing with us. I use the Pentel Waterbrush set of three sizes. I loved them immediately when using them with some watercolor pencils. These brushes are made so they won't roll off your work area. A great idea!

[@mindofwatercolor]

+Sandra Mansfield 👍

[@Mad.Chemist]

Sooooo... Hi Steve and Reece. 🙃 Thanks to you two, I am now fully addicted to watercolours, especially watercolours pencils (got F.C., naturally) (literally obsessed), arches rough watercolour paper and water brushes. 🤣. Even my husband (totally not into art) got interested in choosing a colour scheme for me. 🤗 I am into jellyfishes right now. 🎨.

[@00800su]

Thank you for your calm, smart lessons, Steve. I love water brush pens. I'm surprised that inall the brands I've seen, and comparative reviews like yours, they're no mention of barrel size, eg cc. Id like the largest barrel to reduce the ' stop and refill' (how spoilt am I!)

[@brucemckenziefraser139]

Love all of your videos 👍 Just one thing, as somebody from the UK, the accent on the word Derwent, a brand made in the Lake District area of England, is on the first syllable. DER-went, rather than Der-WENT👍

[@candacekieper4354]

love derwent inktense and watercolor brushes work with them well also

[@annenelson5170]

Steve - I am so excited to see your Bible verse at the end of your video about water brushes! God bless you, my fellow Christian.

[@mindofwatercolor]

And you Anne!

[@eileengoldenberg270]

Yuk...

[@sebaceousgland5123]

@@eileengoldenberg270 Be respectful please. Im not a Christian either but I can respect their beliefs. So can you

[@EileenP-KC]

Watched your review of coloring books (paper, pencil technique, watercolor pencils). It was very helpful. I plan a mixed medium and just happened to have the coloring book you thought worked best with watercolor Seeing you use the water brush was new to me Now the water pencil review has me on a roll. So glad to find your channel. I like your simplicity & lack of music. (A mistake many make. I want to catch every word. Take a bow.!!! THANK YOU :-)

[@mindofwatercolor]

+Petie Thanks!

[@EileenP-KC]

Do you have a website for your watercolor paintings? (Eileen)

[@DiAM371]

I love your videos and reviews, plus I appreciate the scripture at the end. God bless you with even more of His creativity!

[@cassandrak9753]

I love your tutorials. I laugh and learn at the same time

[@applejackzo]

You make it look so easy.

[@debohaver4747]

Please review the new Arteza water brushes

[@SDW90808]

Once again, awesome! I'm new to watercolor and have been looking at watercolor brushes. Your video is very helpful to me and I'm sure to many others. Thanks for your contribution.

[@babadeedee214]

Thanks Steve Ive been also "acquiring" a few.So needed this! thank you! I LOVE you channel!

[@mindofwatercolor]

+Debbie Swanson 👍

[@mmmmlllljohn]

I wondered which were the better ones. TFS. Love your videos - I know they will help me on my watercolour journey! We are thankful to you as well.

[@philippriestman8516]

Derwent for me every time, all three in the set are durable and long lasting, I have even used the fine on war hammer figures using acrylic

[@LittleAmyHe]

Thanks for doing this video! I just started experimenting with water colors so I haven't splurged much. I only have the medium Sakura Koi water brush from the 24 watercolor travel kit and a small one as brushes right now, so it was so nice to see a comparison/review video that isn't just about their portability.

[@WendiWells]

Hi Steve! Just wanted to share a tip about the Niji with the flat/chisel tip. It's convertable! You should be able to also remove the tip that makes it flat, and then it becomes a kind of mop brush for bigger washes. I find this works pretty well for skies. When you're done with the mop brush, simply carefully replace the tip that makes it a flat/chisel. (o"

[@mindofwatercolor]

Interesting! Thanks. Great tip!

[@TenKurVynas]

i have chisel one similar to niji. mine has one more part on the bristles, like an extra cap, if i take it off, it gets twice as long.

[@christinebutler7360]

Hi, I bought the set of Royal Langnickel water brushes which I find ideal and easy to control Thanks for your tutorials, they're very helpful.

[@mindofwatercolor]

Christine Butler Glad they're working out for you. Thanks for watching!

[@ilenerobinette6434]

So I bought the Niji chisel tip waterbrush and I found that the tip that keeps the bristles flat can come off and you find you have a round wash type brush. Love your posts, thank you.

[@mindofwatercolor]

Yes, it does! Thanks.

[@sylviacostello2887]

i like the derwent ones best.love your sense of humour

[@mindofwatercolor]

+Sylvia Costello 😊

[@karenkernell9405]

Thank you for this tutorial! Very helpful!! I’d never even heard of water brushes!!!

[@sebaceousgland5123]

You are amazing for sharing all this! Thank you so much :) I just bought my first water brush as per your advice!!! So excited for it to arrive

[@donnafathman1089]

I just bought a Faber Castell waterbrush. The point rivals the Pentel Aquash. The only drawback that I have experienced so far is that to carry it loaded with water, the waterbrush measures almost 7" because there is a syringe-like mechanism that draws the water into the water chamber. This makes it a bit large for my small sketch bag.

[@ATHiking1]

Steve- you are everyone's 'go to guy' for everything watercolor. I have a problem... I'd really like to use a waterbrush BUT even though I'm super careful the reservoir still stains with pigment. Am I expecting too much from my waterbrush or am I using it incorrectly?

[@dannwiester360]

I have been curious about W N watercolor markers too.

[@mindofwatercolor]

dann wiester Yes, I'm looking forward to digging into them and seeing what they will do.

[@michaelfrisbie7247]

I used to have that same skeleton model when i was a kid (the one the the red base)!

[@Mity_Moose]

Hey Steve, I have a couple of these brushes myself, but was wanting to mention that for dry brush, simply remove the water container handle and use the brush part in order to get a true dry brush affect. If, that is the only think you have with you that is, that is. FYI, love the show, and you got me back into color water pencils, which I had previously given up on because my norm is portraits; it was that portrait you did with your color WC pencil set of a guy with glasses. Tks.

[@mindofwatercolor]

Excellent tip! Glad to hear you're giving WC pencils another try. Thanks for the input, and thanks for watching.

[@ellierimc]

Hello, thank you very much for this video !! I had a big doubt between Pentel's and Derwent's waterbrush and finally, your comparisons helped me to confirm my choice about Derwent.....Thank you again !!!!! Good continuation !!

[@mindofwatercolor]

+Mireille G 👍

[@dream.fiiend]

thank you so much for making this yt channel, you have helped me out so much from technique to supplies as long with teaching in a way that's easy to put to practice. have a nice day!

[@mindofwatercolor]

👍

[@DianaTrout]

I haven't seen the derwent they look good. I've been using the Niji with caran d'ache for years for field work. thanks

[@mindofwatercolor]

Diana Trout Great combo!

[@susanhamilton1822]

I have a bunch of different brands and I just can't seem to like them. I will give them a try and then usually go back to the regular brush after a few minutes. It could be because I like a stiffer paint brush that I can't get the love going for these. Thanks for the information about best brands. I have the Koi and though it is better than the others nothing beats a real brush for me. Maybe I'm too set in my ways lol

[@mindofwatercolor]

Yes, thanks for the input. I demonstrated that and a few other application techniques in my masking fluid video. 😊

[@missingfaktor]

Thanks so much for the review! Just got myself the Derwent set. The only one that was available in a local art store.

[@mindofwatercolor]

👍

[@karenirving7088]

Great review thanks

[@QuantumPop]

Thanks for the video! I just bought a Pentel Aquash and a Sakura Koi, so this very interesting for me!

[@mindofwatercolor]

+Quantum Pop Both great water brushes. Enjoy!

[@watercolorartist646]

Thank you for doing this subject, I just came across these lessons and very helpful!

[@christineweatherly2464]

I always wondered about those! Thanks for doing a review. I think I'll try the Aquash now...

[@cassieliew2364]

Thank you for sharing the characters of each brush.. It's very useful! =)

[@mindofwatercolor]

+cassie liew Glad it was a help, thanks!

[@SweetPJ]

God bless you, Steve! I just found your channel and have just fell in love with watercolor! I will be watching your videos and learning from you...my new mentor 😉

[@mindofwatercolor]

Thanks & welcome!

[@pipocaemanteiga]

Nice examples the water brush!

[@Faerysong1]

Hi Steve, I'm new to your channel, but I've seen a few of your videos, and really enjoy them. Very informative. I myself, have the small, large, and flat Nijis. I've had very good luck with them. I got a set of Koi 24 travel set of watercolors, and it came with a Sakura waterbrush. Thank you for sharing your knowledge. Alice

[@mindofwatercolor]

Alice Clark I like the Nijis a lot. Thought about trying the Koi set but haven't. Thanks for the input and thanks for watching!

[@Faerysong1]

I'd had looked at the set everytime I went into an art store, Hobby Lobby, and Michaels.. Sp finally I just bought the set. I'm very happy with it. The colors are vivid, and look soft and kind of velvety when dry. They are a little more opaque than some watercolors, but I don't mind that at all. Not so much of a fan of the Sakura waterbrush though. I usually go for the Niji. Thank you for answering, Hope you have an Awesome Day. Alice

[@TandZAptLife]

Hi! Just found your video this morning and I'm very excited about it. I live in an RV and I can't expand too much when it comes to painting sketching drawing and your video open my eyes toward watercolor painting using the water pen. I literally just started doing anything with pink and sketching drawing less than two weeks ago. I hear scratching is the best thing to do first. Do you agree with that? Any suggestions will be helpful.

[@barbarabolton1768]

Thank you so much, now I know how to use them they look beautiful!

[@mindofwatercolor]

+Barbara Bolton You'll love em.

[@chainsawkitten3321]

I have been using water brushes for a few years, have tried quite a few. My favorites are the Caran d Ache Museum, think it comes in 2 or 3 sizes. I also really like the pentel brushes, they keep a great point, even after lots of use. The only problems I've had with water brushes wearing down too fast is if I use them on sanded paper. Now I see there are a lot of new brands out there, but I'm happy for now with the ones I have. After I use my brushes, I rinse them and store them up, without the cap on.

[@mindofwatercolor]

+ChainsawKitten Thanks for the input.

[@bri2uty]

I just wheezed so hard at the skeles talking to each other in the beginning. If I hadn't already subscribed I would've right them OMG

[@mindofwatercolor]

bri2uty He hee!

[@kan-zee]

Great Water Brush Review. thank you so much ...I picked up the Sakura Koi water brush..and its fantastic for all my field work and my Homemade Altoids WC paint palette set. Cheers;-)

[@mindofwatercolor]

Kanzee Nice! Yes, I love the Altoids WC box DIY. Really cool!

[@JoAnneMOwens]

I have both of the Niji brushes you demonstrated here. I have enjoyed them both. I like the moistness of the rounded tip and expected the same moisture level with the flat, but found that the flat one seems to be a lot drier. The flat one also makes a neat looking serrated line. I will have to pick up the Pentel ones and give them a go. Thank you for sharing, love your videos.

[@lesliecairns2981]

Hello, I have noticed the beautiful long points on your pencils, could I ask what sharpener you use?

[@adamw2621]

Steve, I really appreciate your videos and straight ahead approach. Others I think, get freebies to demo stuff and you can't always know whether their opinions are driven by that. From beginning to END, I like it ALL! I look forward to the WN marker video. I have some Letraset water markers, but I get the feeling WN will probably blow those out of the water (fellow of corny puns there, i.e. Reese) ha! Thanks again!

[@PamelaGoodman-56]

Love your videos! You give me more confidence in using watercolors. I am new to the medium and enjoy learning to use it. Thanks for the great videos!

[@mindofwatercolor]

Thanks! So glad they're a help.

[@cmh_twig8784]

The Derwent Push Button Waterbrushes are better for people who have thumb strength issues or thumb arthritis issues. The Derwnt Push Button brushes have a "button" section that is easier to push to control the water.

[@starbuck090]

Awesome review! I heard the Faber Castell waterbrushes have an actual slide to regulate water. Might want to check that out.

[@mindofwatercolor]

Cool!

[@Adeline9418]

Can you use acrylic paint with water brushes or just watercolor paint

[@mindofwatercolor]

Don't recommend it. Acrylic dries too fast and then its permanent. Maybe an acrylic ink would work best if you try it.

[@Adeline9418]

@@mindofwatercolor Gotcha. Thanks so much!!

[@angelarafael9875]

I areiate this video,i was having a difficult tm handling this type of brush. :)

[@TheCuriousCat_SilentViewer]

which brand have more water control? does not leak water? i have two types of water brush. Do not know the brand name. one of them does leak water a lot even when pressed gently.

[@mindofwatercolor]

I usually prefer the Pentel Aquash. It's never leaked and a bit dryer. Some others are just too wet all the time.

[@TheCuriousCat_SilentViewer]

@mindofwatercolor Thanks for the reply! That's helpful. ☺️ I came across another brand called Superior Water Brush while searching. Could you share your thoughts on it? Does it perform well, or is there an issue with leaking too much water?

[@mindofwatercolor]

@@TheCuriousCat_SilentViewer not familiar. Sorry.

[@TheCuriousCat_SilentViewer]

@@mindofwatercolor don't be sorry. It's okay. You already helped me a lot. Thanks for that.