Vanishing Towers

The final days of CSX interlocking towers and the operators who staffed them. A look at what an operator did. Armstrong levers and pistol grip levers. Hancock Tower, West Cumbo Tower and Sand Patch Tower.

[@oddjobz9858]

This woman is doing gods work. This is a lost generation. Thank you for posting this

[@sissy9393]

God’s work? God asked us to take care* of one another and all the animals. Railroad shacks and old railroads are not on that list. Time moves on and new generations are born. Let them move forward because these times have passed.

[@AL-mz2wh]

@@sissy9393 I mean, sometimes it's hard to be better than the past, you don't get very many people like this as often anymore, pretty unfortunate

[@davewallace8219]

taking safe. care of. the people on the railroads is...God's work!

[@kenjstl]

As a former Milw Road opr, 1970-79; 85-88, I'd like to thank you for documenting what we did. You made some great videos inside the towers too. The Hours of Service Law limits dispatchers and operators to working nine hours in 24, but after listening to Ms. Stanley reminisce about never being sure how long operators might be on duty in case of emergency I remembered how I got this habit of over-packing for every contingency everywhere I go. And, all these years later, I still have this uncanny sense of time and can often tell the time without looking at the clock.

[@bobpaulino4714]

I travelled nine states working on industrial and institutional furnaces, heating and process boilers, chillers, D/X cooling, controls, burners, etc. Never knew where I was going or how long I'd be there. Lived out of a thermos, lunch pail, suitcase, service truck and motels. Used to get do tired of listening to truck drivers whimper about riding and guiding. Once I arrived I stayed till it was fixed, I could temporarily, safely bypass whatever was wrong to get things going, or I ran out of parts. When I was home I fought fire, extricated people from what was left of their vehicles, treated and transported them, and sometimes flew with medical helicopters to UNWIND.

[@jeffreyknoop5363]

Where were you an operator out of?

[@scotabot7826]

Thank you so so much for allowing us to watch this wonderful time stamp of American Railroading!! It kind of gets sad toward the end, as our hearts and minds harken back to a much, much better time in our country. How sad it really is!!!

[@shortliner68]

Back in the 1960s and '70s, the operators at B&Os Halethorpe, MD tower (HX) were very railfan friendly and would invite you up into the tower. The B&O had four tracks going by the tower and it was neat watching the tower operator throwing all the levers to move a train from one track to another. Really miss the human side of railroading.

[@davidpoor8638]

Excellent presentation of another facet of railroading gone the way of the buffalo!!

[@benniepierce6283]

Sad story but glad you posted. My grandad was a chief dispatcher and operator on old NS til he retired in 1960´s. In 1980´s I was an extra board operator controlling numerous interlockings from a central location including the interlocking my grandad handled---what a treat that was. Technology made this possible and physically eaiser from the old interlocking tower operator but also more pressure because of more territory and interlockings handled by one operator. Great job for the right person who liked this kind of thing and for the one who could understand the workings. Now even my story is out of date as its all automated from hundreds of miles away.

[@ronselliers6951]

I was fortunate to have worked from 1973 until 1985 in 8 different signal towers on the Terminal Railroad Association of St. Louis(T.R.R.A.). I started in 1970 as a messenger boy when I was still a senior in high school, became a railroad clerk and then transferred to signal towers after the clerk and tower operators unions merged. I worked WR, SH, CP Jct., Southern Crossing, Valley Jct., Q, ID, and 23st towers. Because of my seniority and being on the extra board I was the last operator at 4 of those towers. I was blessed to have always been allowed to qualify as a train dispatcher and finished my 43 year railroad career spanning 4 different railroads in 2013. My best memories are working close to the tracks and trains as a Tower Operator.

[@danielhadley4884]

Very cool, Ron. Wish I knew you when you and I were still working.

[@normsweet1710]

Great education for this “70 something” old guy who likes mechanical stuff ! Thank You ❤️

[@ChadQuick270W]

Railroading as it should be! Thanks for sharing this with us. We’ll never see it again. It always amazed me that whenever a tower closed they just left everything inside and ran away as if the plague was coming. All those papers were just laying there. The best part of this video is the interview with the operator. Those stories and information are priceless.

[@austinyingst5902]

In the mid 90s a notice appeared in the B&ORRHS Sentinel that there were only 10 Armstrong towers in operation and many were pictured in the video. Pictures of the 7 (B&O) of 10 named can be found in Facebook, all dating to the mid 90s. Thanks for the memories and interior views.

[@ctje1638]

the only tower I've ever seen was at a railway museum. It seems like a really cool job.

[@DK-nv9zu]

This was a great short film. Thank you for making and sharing this

[@uhlijohn]

CNW had a manual interlocking about every 10 miles on average from Chicago to Clinton, Iowa. The first manual tower after leaving CPT (westbound) was Western Ave. (controlled by the Milwaukee Road) then Kedzie Ave. Tower. Next tower was JN Tower, then HM Tower. CNW used abbreviated names, I believe, from the days of telegraphy when that was how dispatchers communicated with the towers down the line. A lot easier to tap out two letters instead of a full name like Elmhurst, or West Chicago. By the time I hired out in 1974 nearly ALL those old towers were gone, only a distant memory, with the advent of CTC and other more modern dispatching and control mechanisms.

[@b3j8]

Video coverage is great. And I appreciate you uploading this!

[@heavyobject4809]

What a awesome video! Thanks for sharing and documenting these relics. They truely where a awesome place.

[@msuaok]

Very interesting video and amazing experience and skill of the Tower Operator in the video as she manages the train traffic and old equipment and facility!

[@normancornelius7455]

Dan... Thanks for the putting this together. We are in the process of saving & preserving WB Tower in Brunswick, Md. Great effort towards document this trade. Norman Cornelius

[@kurt8986]

❤❤

[@stripervince1]

I worked as a signalman at Santa Fe mission tower briefly in Los angeles about 30 years ago. What a amazing place. I was in awe at the tower operators. They were sharp as razors. They had to be. Kudos to you ginger. Amazing job....

[@brixtondamian2638]

You all probably dont care but does anybody know of a way to get back into an Instagram account? I was dumb lost the login password. I appreciate any tips you can give me!

[@adansantiago6486]

@Brixton Damian Instablaster =)

[@brixtondamian2638]

@Adan Santiago i really appreciate your reply. I found the site on google and im trying it out atm. Looks like it's gonna take a while so I will get back to you later when my account password hopefully is recovered.

[@brixtondamian2638]

@Adan Santiago It worked and I now got access to my account again. Im so happy:D Thank you so much you saved my account :D

[@adansantiago6486]

@Brixton Damian No problem xD

[@stripervince1]

At Santa fe Mission tower back in the early 1990s at the beginning of metrolink, there were 5 railroads the operators controlled. Santa Fe, Southen pacific, Union pacific Amtrak, and Metrolink. Not one second of quiet, 24/7 365. Absolute mayhem. Kudos to the operators who had hundreds of levers switches and signals at their command. 5 different dispatchers, 5 different rule books, 5 different radios to monitor. How they even had a clue what they were doing was astounding. The 2 tower people i remember were Bob and Jan. However much their union paid them , they were underpaid. I was a signalman in BRS, i guess they were operators union. Wat a job they did. The forgotten part of railroading. They kept the trains running like clockwork. Most railfans never saw or even hear of a armstrong interlocking

[@Fantazier1]

An Interlocking Control Operator Board use to be setup in the Union Station in Kansas City as a display piece, but I haven't been there in a long time. I was a Control/Train Order Operator in NM, but never worked in a Tower like the ones in the video. They pulled our Interlocking Plant out a week before I Qualified as an Operator.

[@Shipwright1918]

Before they're all gone, it'd be nice to take a page out of the book the British have done with some of their signal boxes (basically their version of an interlocking tower). Some of them have been preserved as museums, either on site or they've been taken down and re-assembled somewhere else, and a lucky few have been put back to work on heritage/tourist lines controlling the signals and the switches just like in the old days. A few tucked away in museums have even been connected up to computers effectively making them big simulators to demonstrate how they work or for dedicated societies who like to operate simulated trains over a simulated working day just for fun. Have to admit a bit of personal involvement in the latter, I have a few simulations of the old US interlockings and British signal boxes on my computer, it's quite a challenge sometimes when things get hectic, but I find it relaxing to go pulling the levers and sending the trains where they need to go.

[@uhlijohn]

I was lucky to visit the CNW's Lake St. Tower many years ago when I was working a hostling job at the Chicago Passenger Terminal (CPT) at Madison St. The year escapes me but it was before the UP/CNW merger n 1995. Lake St. tower had the old "pistol grips" to throw switches on the plant. There were 16 tracks in the CPT, a fuel pocket, and 3 stub tracks just east of Lake St. Tower called the mail pocket tracks. They used to store and sometimes fuel engines there. There were about 4 to 6 leads that the 16 tracks merged into: 3 for the Geneva Sub. and 2 or 3 for the Harvard Sub. The Harvard Sub. divided at Clybourn Jct. about 2 miles distant from Lake St. interlocking, with Kenosha Sub. heading north and Harvard Sub heading northwest. If the interlocking machine at Lake St. is still in use, it is probably THE oldest manual interlocking still in use in the U.S. and probably one of the most complicated. Every time it snowed maintainers would go out, turn on the gas, and light the burners to keep the switches from freezing up and it looked like a scene from Dante's Inferno!

[@karenveasey9409]

My dad worked in the Marion, IN tower when I was a kid. My uncle and dad both retired from the Indiana railroad. Fond memories of sitting in his lap while he worked.

[@Clynikal]

Ginger's good on them levers, not an easy job.

[@TexasRailfan2008]

Indeed

[@tommytruth7595]

The October 1957 issue of "Trains" magazine has an article about the NY Central's Berea tower. That place was non stop 24 hours a day back then.

[@frankrueter5218]

During the 70s & 80s I was friends with a number of operators the ran BE tower, it was closed in Nov 97 and remoted to CSX and NS dispatch centers. Had many days watching the trains roll through going west to Toledo or SW toward Columbus. It really was a hot spot on NYC, PC and CR.

[@bobpaulino4714]

Same line that ran through dad's hometown of Ashtabula. Lots of traffic back then. I loved the variety of motive power. Emd, ge, fm, Baldwin, alco, lima -- you never new what was pulling the next train. And the liveries were interesting. These days aside from the occasional heritage unit or deadheaded units going for rehab or being sold overseas, they're all drab.

[@catdaddy9499]

Excellent! Thanks for sharing.

[@hitthebricks5502]

Very informative video, thank you.

[@wurlitzer1538]

Awesome video. I love the old B&O towers. This used to be a really neat line

[@lothes19]

Wonderful glimpse inside those B&O towers. Great documentary and production work; thanks so much for sharing this.

[@richardheizmann2756]

Delray in Detroit closing as I type, leaving only one left in Michigan. As usual with CSX, operation will be controlled from Jacksonville FL. I tried an acupuncture meditation once where we were asked to picture ourselves in a wonderful setting. I settled into ZOO interlocking (PRR era) in West Philly on a sunny autumn day and it truly was wonderful. Never seriously pursued it, but living in the Reading's Valley Jct tower (now NS's CP Valley) in West Reading PA has been a lifelong dream. It's where NS's primary line from the midwest to the east splits for either the New York or Philadelphia areas. Last year an Altoona foreclosed house was listed for auction on Zillow at $45.000. Four bedrooms on a large lot but needed some TLC. A grocery store two blocks away, an Alcoholics Anonymous clubhouse four away, the Railroaders Memorial Museum five away, and the backyard abutted NS between Altoona station and Alto tower. Exactly where the power lays it on for the climb through Horseshoe Curve to the summit. I pictured a deck with hammock at the property line. Had the dough to buy it outright with no mortgage but didn't pull the trigger. I'm 73 and must have considered the work that house needed and the rough Allegheny winters. Sigh... I love falling asleep with the sound of trains and waking to the smell of creosote in the morning.

[@gusfring9895]

I hope you're still hanging in there, Richard. I understand and very much appreciate the sentiment. Altoona is still a magical place even though a lot of the facilities are gone. I married into a family from Altoona in 1980 and made many trips up from VA over the years. I've spent many afternoons on the 17th St and 8th St bridges and by the Juniata turntable on N. 6th Street. I lucked into a ride behind the K4 from Tyrone to Bellefonte in 1987. The Museum was asking for $100 donations, which I couldn't afford, so I went to Tyrone to watch the train depart, and someone came through the crowd asking for $20 for a ticket he had paid for but couldn't use. It didn't take long to make that decision! I'm looking at Google Maps as I type this; there's a house on the corner of 19th St. and 10th Ave. that would be ideal. I'm sorry your deal didn't work for you.

[@michaelmcdougall4527]

🎩🎩 off to you putting us together years ago my son and I were able to spend the day up in Delray tower Detroit and it was great actually get to switch the levers and saw every class one railroad that day! Also loved the PAT METHANY GROUP in the Music🔊

[@kevinrapp6087]

That's the best Tower video that I've ever seen!

[@NickDelleDonne]

Fond memories of my career on Amtrak as a Tower Operator, Train Dispatcher and Operating Practices Specialist and Instructor!

[@uhlijohn]

Love the music you used....Pat Metheny Group. Great choice.

[@EditGuy6610]

Great work!

[@mattfoltz7752]

Was fortunate enough to visit many of the former B&O towers back in the mid to late 90s.

[@davewallace8219]

thank you! we used to have these in our town...they went away in the 1960s

[@Nethanel773]

Dude, what a diverse soundtrack! Intro with live Bluegrass followed by a hymnal chorus, and then ending with prog jazz a la Pat Metheny group.

[@ringhambingham6919]

Thanks for the educational and nostalgic video. What was the music at the 3:00 mark? Very haunting.

[@richardheizmann2756]

Railroads had to demolish so many structures because land with a building is taxed much higher than land without. Vacant buildings invite arson or injury lawsuits. Many a repurposed building, as a condition of it's sale, had to be moved away from the right-of-way which is often considerably wider than the roadbed.

[@brental1]

Very nice. Made in 2000, according to the wall calendar? Did you have this on video and just posted to KZbin? Brought back a lot of memories. I was an agent/operator on the G&B subdivision of the Monongah Division (between Grafton, WV and Richwood, WV on one 'leg', and Grafton and Charleston, WV on the other 'leg', for a few years in early 1970s. Appears not much changed in 30 years with the exception of computers (I had teletype) and the telephone apparatus (I had a microphone and a speaker mounted on panto-graphs, and a press to talk foot pedal) . At that time, all dispatching was done at the division office (Grafton, for the Monongah Division) instead of centralized in Jacksonville. As I recall, the Monongah Division had 3 dispatching districts; the G&B (originally stood for Grafton and Belington) from Grafton to both Richwood and Charleston; the Branch (Parkersburg Branch) from Grafton to Parkersburg (maybe it extended a short way into Ohio), and I don't recall name of the 3rd one--but it ran from Grafton to Wheeling, WV (the old Main Line). Also, interesting to me to see a younger female operator. During my time, in the 70s, the only females were older women who had been hired during WWII.

[@danielhadley4884]

Glad you enjoyed it. Yes, I shot the show on video and just recently thought of posting it on You Tube. Wish I'd known you when you were working. The line to Parkersburg was actually the main and went all the way to St Louis. Too bad that line to Parkersburg is no longer in service - it's now a bike trail.

[@brental1]

@@danielhadley4884 Glad you shared it on KZbin. I realize the road to Parkersburg became the main line; but technically the Grafton-Fairmont-Wheeling line was the original Main Line. The state of Virginia required that the B&O build to Wheeling, although the B&O wanted to build from Grafton to Parkersburg. They started building the Parkersburg Branch before the Main Line to Wheeling was completed, but the State would not let them operate it for either 18 months, maybe 2 years, after they reached Wheeling. So the Wheeling route was always called the Main Line; while the route to Parkersburg was always called the Parkersburg Branch. BTW, I road the B&O's last passenger train from Parkersburg to Grafton in 1971, Didn't realize how much of the "beginning of the end" that event was!

[@chessiekid4018]

@@danielhadley4884 I used to dispatch the Parkersburg SD from OB Tower to DO-Chillicothe then the Chillicothe SD from DO to Norwood in Cincinnati. Remember running the St Louis trailer train and the Philadelphia trailer train on those SD. Plus Amtrak

[@jamesmcdowell2271]

Many thanks.

[@2ndtrickop978]

For every one of us who ever "threw iron" or "slammed switches". in memory of a man who is probably the last "op" to die at his post. www.findagrave.com/memorial/97624174/robert-foley-leonberger

[@clineshaunt]

Not much into country music but that was a perfect intro song. Great video!

[@davidknowledge4721]

Wish I had a job like this🙂🙂🙂💯💯💯

[@derail14]

i recall all this when i hired on conrail we had a lot of those towers alas they are all gone.

[@JanicefromKansas]

Hello from Kansas 🇺🇸

[@TrainTrackTrav]

I would have LOVED to have been a tower operator. A railroad position that one simply cannot apply for anymore. Sad indeed.

[@SimonS44]

I'm sorry, what happens when the towers are replaced? How are the signal and switches controlled then?

[@danielhadley4884]

Controlled remotely via satellite signals from central dispatch maybe hundreds of miles away.

[@cannadineboxill-harris2983]

I wanted to know why don’t dig a tunnel and do an extension for the main line Train so they extend the new abandoned underground stations. Why couldn’t they use the part D78 Stock train doors on the sides and also restructure the front face of the A60 and A62 stock that includes the class 313, class 314 and class 315 remix and make them all together and also redesign them an overhead line and also make them into six cars per units and also having three Accessible Toilets on that six cars per units A60 and A62 stock trains and also convert the A60 and A62 stock trains into a Scania N112, Volvo TD102KF, Volvo B10M, Gardner 6LXC, Gardner 6LXB and Gardner 8LXB Diesel Engines and also put the Loud 7-Speed Voith Gearboxes even Loud 8-Speed Leyland Hydra cyclic Gearboxes in the A60 and A62 stock, class 313, class 314, and class 315 and also modernise the A60 and A62 stock and make it into an 11 car per unit so it could have fewer doors, more tables, computers and mobile phone chargers? A Stock Train and also having 8 DisaAccessiblelets on those A stock trains. why couldn’t we refurbish and modernise the waterloo and city line Triple-Track train tunnel and make it bigger and extend it to bank station, making it into a Triple-Track Railway Line so those 4 European countries such as Germany, Italy, Poland And Sweden to convert the waterloo and city line Triple-Track Train tunnel into a High-Speed train? The Third Euro tunnel Triple-Track Train line to make it 11 times better for passengers so they could go from A to B. then put the modernised 11 car per unit A Stock and put them on a bigger modernised waterloo and city line Triple-Track train tunnel so it could go to bank station to those 4 European countries such as Germany, Italy, Poland And Sweden. The modernised refurbished 11 cars per unit A stock could be a High Speed The Third Triple-Track Euro Tunnel Train So it is promising and 37 times a lot more possible to do this kind of project that is OK for London Germany, Italy, Poland And Sweden. Oh by the way, could they also tunnel the Triple-Track Railway Line so it will stop from Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Essex so that the Passengers will go to Germany, Italy, Poland and Sweden and also extend the Triple-Track Railway Line from Bank to Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Essex Stations so that more people from there could go to Germany, Italy, Poland And Sweden Easily. Why couldn't they extend the Piccadilly line and also build a brand-new underground train station so it could go even further right up to Clapton, Wood Street and also make another brand new tunnel train station in Chingford and could they extend the DLR? All of the classes 150, 155, 154, 117, 114, 105, and 106, will be replaced by all of the Scania N112, Volvo TD102KF, Volvo B10M, Gardner 6LXB, Gardner 6LXC and Gardner 8LXB Diesel Six carriages three accessible toilets are air conditioning trains including Highams Park for extended roots which is the Piccadilly line and the DLR trains. Could you also convert all of the 1973 stock trains into an air-conditioned maximum speed 78 km/hours (48 MPH) re-refurbished and make it into a 8 cars per unit if that will be alright, and also extend all of the Piccadilly train stations to create more space for all of the extended 8 car per unit 1973 stock air condition trains and can you also build another Mayflower and Tornado Steam Locomotive Companies and they can order Every 17 Octagon and Hexagon shape LNER diagram unique minor no.13 and unique small no.11 Boilers from those Countries such as Greece, Italy, Poland, and Sweden, can they make Mayflower and Tornado Steam Locomotive speeds by up to 117MPH so you can try and test it on the Original Mainline so it will be much more safer for the Passengers to enjoy the 117MPH speed Limit only for HS2 and Channel Tunnel mainline services, if they needed 16 Carriages Per units can they use those class 55’s, class 44’s, class 40’s and class 43HST Diesel Locomotive’s right at the Back of those 16 Carriages Per Units so they can take over at the Back to let those Mayflower and Tornado Steam Locomotive’s have a rest for those fascinating Journeys Please!!! oh, can you make all of those Coal Boxes’ 16 Tonnes for all of the 117MPH Mayflower and Tornado Steam Locomotive’s so the Companies will Understand us, passengers!! so please make sure that the Builders can do as they are Told!! And please do something about these very important Professional ideas Please Prime Minister of England, Prime Minister of Sweden, Prime Minister of Germany, Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister of Poland and that Includes the Mayor of London.

[@seafoodcharlie3710]

Would love to buy one and fix it up to live in it.

[@kents.2866]

Too bad you'd have to buy the land off the RR. They might sell it, they might not.

[@TexasRailfan2008]

Yeah, there always iffy about that

[@roberthillyer1630]

How sad to an era.

[@silverdollarswede151]

I am so, so sad after watching this.

[@danielhadley7410]

Sorry it's such a downer but at least its preserved as a look at what used to be.

[@kevinhoward9593]

How do strong arms work? like when they pull one how does it tell the switch what to do? tension? Grandma showing how its done!

[@danielhadley4884]

Linkage (rods) connect through cranks and additional rods directly to the points of the switch. As the levers are moved they are actually moving the switch points which may be hundreds of feet away from the tower.

[@michaelobrien9478]

Edward Karfelt passed away April 24 2021 at age of 78 RIP buddy

[@danielhadley4884]

Thank you, Michael, for letting myself and all other tower fans know of Ed's passing.

[@charlesgault3777]

Why do some towers have letters in their windows, like "W" and "HO"?

[@danielhadley4884]

It's a holdover from the days when towers communicated via telegraph. Railroads used abbreviations to shorted the names. "HO" for Hancock.

[@derail14]

because when they first built the towers they did not have voice communication every thing was done on a telegraph key-ie a sort of Morse code.

[@b3j8]

The old B&O in the Chessie era was one of the last railroads to use those designations systemwide. I loved hearing "Clear signal HK."

[@chessiekid4018]

@@b3j8 we used them on the C&O also. Clear signal NJ Cabin. (Northern Jct, Limeville ky.)

[@Galvan198]

What is that "Timer" called; it has a name told to me by a former PRR operator.

[@danielhadley4884]

I've only heard it called "time out".

[@Galvan198]

@@danielhadley4884 Have you ever heard it called a "Ring-Down"? Thanks!

[@danielhadley4884]

@@Galvan198 No but that would be a good name for it.

[@Galvan198]

@@danielhadley4884 Too bad the man that told me is gone; he was a fine gentleman!

[@Galvan198]

Dan do you know the Tower at Strasburg?

[@georgesams4936]

Hancock is in Md.

[@danielhadley4884]

Town of Hancock is in Maryland but HO Tower was across the Potomac in West Virginia

[@markhartunian3077]

Its a shame all of this is done. The price of progress on the railroad. A time when employees were appreciated.

[@fergywurst]

Can't get my head around it. There is a lady talking with a man talking in the back ground plus music in the back ground.

[@edwardgray154]

When i hired on at conrail they still had a lot of towers with these type of machines and they worked very well and now they are all gone.

[@jerrypeukert5732]

The switches will be replaced and she will be too, so many would love her job but she complains.

[@scotabot7826]

I didn't see it that way at all. She loved her job, and all the people she worked with. I'm sure she was very, very sad when the tower was abandoned!

[@chessiekid4018]

@@scotabot7826 I worked as a tower operator in the late 70’s and the 80’s. They closed a lot of towers I worked at in those years.

[@rickprusak9326]

Anything electrically operated from thousands of miles away - will fail, be mistakenly switched. I strongly feel that there will be many more train accidents because there will be no more actual eye's and ear's on those sections of track where the tower's once stood. I think it's absolutely asinine, absolutely stupid that some location in Jacksonville Florida is in complete control of track switching, say in the Delray area of Detroit. Delray Tower is the last Interlocking train tower in Michigan being closed, using human interaction with manually switching the tracks. When a power failure happens in Jacksonville Florida - and it will, the many thousands of miles of railroad track's will become unoperatable. Then what? Where's plan "B"? Plan "C" in daily railroad operation? Technology is only as good as the people who operate it. Humans will make mistakes, but giving everything to Jacksonville, giving it to one area of the country will make matters very worse, very catastrophic, and very deadly.

[@edwardgray154]

on conrai; #1 track was always the east bound track.