Venus: Crash Course Astronomy #14

[@marcushead9985]

"Venus was cooler when it was younger." Weren't we all. (lights a cigarette and watches the sunset morosely)

[@Wm7forthewin]

lol

[@Wm7forthewin]

that was the sun though

[@leonefurlan137]

we were'nt,we just think we were...

[@lovehatepassionpeeps282]

well played lol

[@jadrianlane]

I had the same thought flash! LOL

[@ananya1541]

I love how astronomers name stuff - pancake domes, spaghettification.

[@suthinscientist9801]

They seem to love naming things after food.

[@zapfanzapfan]

That's what happens when you name things while hungry :-)

[@whycantthiswork]

Ananya pancake are delicious, but pancake dome's aren't NASA also calls them lava domes.

[@Kolossus_]

rain acid? snow metal? hot has hell? most hardcore planet ever.

[@AbhiBass96]

"Goddess of Love..." "Venus is Hell..." Sounds 'bout right...

[@maazkhaled7533]

Disney Jazzcore wow, didn’t look at it that way...

[@zacharycox3572]

Love is good

[@TheDuke-vb9cq]

You are correct and our Ancestors referred to Venus at different times as both ! Because Venus was a planet behaving like a Comet, which terrified the human race in what has become known in Mythological History as the "War of the Gods". If you put the "Electric Universe" branch of Science together with the study of Mythological History, some terrifying realities begin to reveal themselves. The stories of the Catastrophes that left evidence of damage to our planet 6,000-10,000 years ago, now take on a sinister reality. A current problem within Science is that Scientists are more and more reluctant to interface with other branches of Science. For example normal Astronomers refuse to interface with Radio Astronomers. So the obvious is no longer obvious to any of them. The Universe IS Electrical, there are NO islands in Space. This fact is just about to turn Science on its head, thanks not to Science but a Hi-Tech Electrical Engineering Company who have accidentally proved the "Electric Sun" model in July 2019. Which will probably prove to be the biggest disruption to Science since Sir Isaac Newtons publication of what became the Laws of Gravity in 1687. The result will be like an Atomic bomb to mainstream Science when it realises many of its cherished Theories, have just be thrown in the dustbin.

[@maxbasem6482]

my girlfriend

[@m60patton85]

@@maxbasem6482 at least you have one

[@slpk]

Seems like a great place to play the-floor-is-lava

[@wei446]

insta lose

[@madara2792]

Yeah its pretty *hot* if you know what I mean

[@jonathanpowell613]

Yes, as long as you don't mind 860-degree temperatures, sulfuric acid rain that evaporates before hitting the ground, air made almost entirely of carbon dioxide, and an atmospheric pressure 90 times that of Earth's.

[@siamhossain1479]

Looks like a great place to send those people

[@suthinscientist9801]

Except on Venus, the floor truly IS lava

[@svillegassmusic]

Did anyone else get really depressed when they found out we won't be seeing any Venus transits?

[@inaveen4u]

surge i missed the transit BOTH times 😣😣😣😣😢😢😢😧😔👎👎👎👎

[@djbrouwer7712]

At least not from Earth.

[@malkum77ify]

I got to see it in 2012

[@richardrobledo466]

On Monday, 2019 November 11, Mercury will transit the Sun for the first time since 2016. The transit or passage of a planet across the face of the Sun is a relatively rare occurrence. As seen from Earth, only transits of Mercury and Venus are possible. There are approximately 13 transits of Mercury each century. In comparison, transits of Venus occur in pairs with more than a century separating each pair.

[@mr.goodman354]

I have seen both

[@MartinStaykov]

It seems like astronomers' answer to everything is "...oh there must have been a massive collision at some point".

[@orgonsolo6291]

Yeah, totally agree. For some reason hese peole never seem to want to entertain the idea expounded by people like Velikovsky or McCanney, that if something big comes into our solar system, it doesnt have to collide with anything to be a big problem, tit most likely will also have a big comet tail.

[@guifdcanalli]

...because our solar system is full of colisions? In a lifetime we can see this and only with small bodies because we only have 8 very stable planets Imagine hundreds of planets with unstable orbits over the course of millions of years?

[@crashcourse]

This is a corrected reupload of yesterday's Venus episode! Venus is a gorgeous naked-eye planet, hanging like a diamond in the twilight -- but it’s beauty is best looked at from afar. Even though Mercury is closer to the sun, Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system, due to a runaway greenhouse effect, and has the most volcanic activity in the solar system. Its north and south poles were flipped, causing it to rotate backwards and making for very strange days on this beautiful but inhospitable world.

[@Freakcent]

CrashCourse What part is corrected?

[@Swe3ets]

CrashCourse Tell us what you F'd up on before, otherwise how could we ever trust you again if we don't know where to look for your mistakes again? ASS ASS ASS

[@crashcourse]

Vincent Carmiggelt There was an insensitive joke made in the previous version, that we didn't recognize as such until several commenters pointed it out to us.. It wasn't something that we could readily address with an annotation (which we've done in the past with factual errors) and we decided that we would rather lose the views on the prior version than stand behind something offensive. We're sorry for not catching it ourselves and letting the original version go up as it did.

[@Watsongab123]

CrashCourse What will the Astronomy videos be about after the episodes on the planets within our solar system are uploaded?

[@Swe3ets]

CrashCourse I think it was near the end mentioning something about venus and women correlation I THINK, TELL ME IM WRONG CRASH COURSE MUAHAHAHAHHAAHHA SEXIST BASTARDS

[@thecoolestcorgi4991]

Interesting story about misidentifying Venus. HMAS Sydney was fighting in the Mediterranean in early WW2. At one point, the ship began to fire on what they thought was an Italian high altitude spotter aircraft. Eventually, after expending most of the ammunition for their heavy anti aircraft battery, the ship realized that they were firing at Venus.

[@gephc4]

I've got 99 Venusian problems, but a calendar ain't one.

[@anafmujeeb8689]

I think Venus is pretty hot.

[@Wm7forthewin]

no venus is mine! ):

[@Devraaj24]

If only Venus had a face

[@tentimesful]

@@disembOwOlment We need to create a huge space umbrella that blocks the suns heat... Then create ice age in Venus, so that volcanos and lavas get cooled....

[@TheDuke-vb9cq]

Professor Velikovsky said in his 1950 book "Worlds in Collision" that "When you get to Venus you will find the surface temperature to be 850F+". He was scoffed at and labelled a Heretic, but in 1962 when the first probe to Venus landed it recorded a surface temperature of 854F , before it melted 8 minutes later!!! Venus WAS a Comet, which explains its obscene heat. Its molten like surface totally devoid of craters also implies it is a recent arrival in the solar system. NASA now suspect Venus wasn't the only recent arrival in our solar system. Saturn is also under suspicion as having been a small brown dwarf type star dragged in some time in the past, which died as a star upon arrival. (Due to the electrical and electro-magnetic disruptions that two Stars in one system would create). In Saturn's "death throes" it would have ejected matter, and enough to create what we now call Venus. This possibility also helps explain the terrifying stories of our Ancestors which are usually referred to in Mythological History as the "War of the Gods". Our ancestors didn't understand science but they did record what they saw, and we do know that Earth was damaged by Cataclysms around 6,000-10,000 years ago. All of which could be explained by a chunk of rock as big as Venus, coming close to Earth, before settling into is current and obscenely precise orbit around the Sun. Such a precise orbit is also another indication the planet is a new arrival, as the orbit hasn't had time to be slightly disrupted by the various gravitational pulls of all the other planets !

[@sabrinaroy306]

Thanks🤗

[@jack150-4fp]

I saw 2004 transition and it was really amazing...I remember I was in 10th grade and it was truly mind blowing.....I feel lucky that I was able to see it even without having any special equipment. I'll never forget that in my life :-)

[@guyfromthesky1]

Jealous of you!

[@dafiltafish]

Venus is fascinating, I wish we had more surface information on it.

[@senatorjosephmccarthy2720]

Thanks for the Venus info. About 31 years ago, when he was maybe 9, my son and I were coming ashore from his 8' sailboat, and saw Mercury in transit, crossing the sun from left to right and diagonal down about 40° from horizontal. It looked like the image here but crossing the sun's lower half. The sun was around 10° from the western horizon, and the cloud layer was just thick enough to see the sun without it being too bright to look at. Chance of a lifetime.

[@radishraccoon3657]

It's kind of a ridiculously interesting planet.

[@NemosChannel]

Venus: so hot it gives new meaning to "when it snows in hell".

[@feynstein1004]

Venus: the ultimate catfish, heavenly from the outside, hellish up close 😂

[@cardenasr.2898]

Not only Venus is quite hot, but its atmosphere is hella thicc.

[@ev.c6]

This are beautiful, well-designed and well-written episodes. Thanks for helping spreading science abroad. You are definitively one of the best channels on KZbin.

[@fromdarktolight6353]

E. Camilo you are an idiot if you think it's Science. It's all based on assumptions.

[@StaySqueezy12]

@@fromdarktolight6353 That's what most of science is

[@IvanLendl87]

Phil Plait is the best. He explains astronomy better than anyone.

[@Rakshasa1986]

There's nothing to be sorry about. I'll be alive in 2117.

[@emilemchew]

right...

[@sandeep-ra0-1]

+Jsidhu762 It's currently 2016.. you are aware right?

[@justinmason9114]

+Snata04 Animation And Stopmotion And that's just statistically. That's not talking into account the massive breakthroughs, like whole replacement organs grown from your own cells, and connectomes, which are maps of our brains, which can be used to preserve our consciousness. If all else fails, we have cryogenic freezing until we actually have those technologies.

[@ExperienceLOS7713]

It's sad to see you cope with your inevitable fate by outright being in denial of death. Unless you manage to become exuberantly wealthy and have access to the highest forms of technology, we are almost certainly going to die before 2117. Also, considering economic decline, climate change, and political instability, it wouldn't surprise me if many of us died well before 90 years of age.

[@Rakshasa1986]

ExperienceLOS7713 I was just joking around :)

[@Awakeningspirit20]

I remember in grade school reading a short story about human colonization of Venus. It was obviously before anything of substance was discovered about Venus, since the author portrayed it as having grey trees and octopuses living in the trees... but interesting. We need to go back to Venus. The USSR was the only one to land something on Venus, but the US should too. Especially as we learn more about how to build structures that can survive intense heat and pressure. If we get a radar device there and landed, even if it only remains online for a few minutes or hours (the Soviet one lasted a few minutes before being crushed by the atmosphere), we could maybe be able to tell what the core of Venus is like.

[@H3kler]

This series is excellent, really enjoying it. Thank you.

[@harry_page]

Venus does have a magnetic field from what I've heard. That, plus its pleasant 0.9g surface gravity, is why it still has a thick atmosphere unlike Mars.

[@rafabulsing]

Seriously, how can people be so easily offended? Let's analize the joke, shall we? The joke wasn't "You were expecting a woman, and got a man". The joke is " you were expecting something beautiful, and got Phil". Seriously. That's the first time I've ever seen anyone get offended by a self deprecating joke. He was literally the butt of his own joke, and somehow people managed to be offended. Because apparently some people are so self-centered they can't conceive that something may not be about them, ever. Why? Why must people always try to interpret things in the worst possible way? Why take any statement, and think, "Well, let's see if there's any interpretation that could ever offend anyone, no matter how flimsy it is, or how clear it is that that's NOT what he means"? "Man, I really should start hitting the gym" "Why? Do you think being fat is wrong? Do you think less of fat people? That's problematic!" "If I somehow could be a woman for one day, I would..." "Whoa whoa whoa, for a day? Trans people can't choose to be their gender for 'one day'! Don't you diminish trans people problems, please" "I love my father!" "Well, I lost my father 27 years ago, and even if there's no way for you to know this, you are insensitive for not think about the possibility that this might ever cause someone discomfort, however small it is". It's utterly ridiculous behavior, and it's sad to see intelligent people such as the creators of this channel having to bow to their desires out of fear of a PR disaster. Really sad.

[@demianhaki7598]

Rafael Bulsing Thank you. Your 2nd sentence in the beginning really is the main point. It's not even about Phil's "intentions" behind the statement. Instead, no matter what the intention, there is a clear semantic difference between the two cases, and Phil's joke/sentence/imagery was clearly not about "maleness mixed with female body" but a self-deprecating comment of "look at my personal, individual face".

[@MidnightmoonRR]

America these days gets up in arms about everything.

[@grgmck77]

Rafael Bulsing Anyone watching science videos who get offended at a joke miss the entire purpose of these videos.

[@isabelletiska4204]

Wait what did he say?

[@sonikab1903]

P R E A C H

[@ahmedabdalla8849]

You said that Venus is more spherical than all other planets due to centrifugal force, but i thought that this "force" was a misconception due to a misunderstanding of inertia. Could someone clear this up for me?

[@benjaminbyham7839]

is it me or is phil's crash course avatar adorable.

[@galaxygamerbroficial]

Venus is really hot. Badum tsss

[@jony4real]

I woke up this morning, looked out the window, saw a really really bright point of light in the sky that wasn't moving or blinking (like an airplane would), and for a minute I thought it might be a UFO until I looked up a sky map and realized it was just Venus. Now I feel kinda stupid :-)

[@potawatomi100]

Excellent videos that you produce Phil. And your narration is outstanding. Thank you.

[@waynesalvador9925]

And Zero mention of the USSR Venera 14 mission.. I saw the you slipped in a few photos.

[@robinchesterfield42]

Venus is SCARY, yo. I had this book called "Our Universe" as a kid, and in the chapter about Venus, at one point they described the atmosphere as being so thick that "if you dropped a plate edge-on, it would swish from side to side as it fell, like it was sinking through water instead of air". Don't know how accurate that is, but it's a damn memorable image!

[@JDB70x7]

Y U NO MENTION FLOATING VENUS SETLEMENTS?!? D: its such an interesting idea and might be the only way to colonize other worlds in our solar system if we can't figure out a way to combat the negative effects of micro gravity. Mars has a surface we can land on sure but its gravity is not much more than that of the moon. Venus's upper atmosphere also has stable pressure and oxygen would freaking float the way helium does here on earth :D its an outlandish idea sure, but its defiantly worth mentioning at least :)

[@thelonelydirector]

***** PBS Space Time did a super awesome video about this :)

[@crashcourse]

***** What Nick said! Check it out: kzbin.info/www/bejne/nXuYfIlpp9-ol8k

[@JDB70x7]

CrashCourse Thanks guys! I've seen that video before and it awesome :) I still think the idea should have at least been mentioned though, maybe a link to that video included somewhere :P

[@TheCuriousNoob]

***** I think it's going to be easier to get investors to fund Mars or Moon settlements first but you can be dang sure Venus would be after. Then again, once we have the technology to comfortably have colonies on Mars or the Moon, I'm betting humanity will dot the solar system and expand quicker than we did when the steam engine became popular back here on Earth. Getting out of the solar system might be more difficult but then again I'm thinking of the future with a barely educated early 21st century brain. It has been under 100 years since we made our first non-stop transatlantic flight (June 14-15th, 1919) so who the heck knows where we will be by the end of this century!

[@alveolate]

CrashCourse on that note, what is 90atm like? maybe in terms of how deep you need to dive underwater to get 90atm? would be nice to get a reference for that...

[@billmalcolm4291]

How could we possibly get Venus to rotate faster and create a magnetic field? Assuming we had technology to make it work, what would be the best way to achieve this? All I can think of is throwing Ceres at it at an oblique angle. Might also give Venus a nice little moon, too!

[@Phlebas]

Cool. I've always found Venus fascinating just because it's so similar to Earth in some ways but really different in others. I never heard that factoid about the metal snow before, but that just makes it all the more interesting.

[@ravenn2631]

Man, that's pretty metal. It might be a good idea to show pictures of Venus in a joke vacation video accompanied by hardcore rock music.

[@smiley-skeleton4598]

Ravenn I second this! 😂😂😂

[@tiltaz02]

2117 huh? With advances in the fields of Biology and Medicine I too will see the Venus transits!

[@BCEONOJPAEMRIN]

The way that medical science is progressing I wouldn't doubt that some of the people watching this video right now could be alive to witness the next transit of Venus.

[@SteamKing2160]

Another fun fact about Venus is that the surface is as flat as the great plains in the United States and the planet's clouds race around the planet in 4 days. Also, the craters are rare on Venus is because the biggest space rocks make it to the surface, the rest vaporize in the super-dense atmosphere. Michael Goldfarb refers to Venus' big craters as the pancakes in a barrel of syrup. If you took Venus and put any sort of water on its surface (while stripping its dense atmosphere that's 90 times as dense as ours), it would most likely resemble a water planet.

[@specterrise1717]

SteamKing2160 Very Very incorrect. The surface is incredibly mountainous, etc. and it's clouds are rather slow, too.

[@SteamKing2160]

if you look at the topographical map of Venus, you would see a mountain range circling the planet while both north and south lands, for the most part, would be flat and yes the atmosphere and its clouds circle the planet in 4 days. I watched space documentaries and they don't lie, they may be old ones but they tell the truth better than How the Universe Works (aka worst space documentary of all time)

[@NikFuryEndgame]

LOVE this channel. dont understand the dislikes tho.

[@joshuavildor2824]

Yesterday I got to see Venus in the sky when the sun was setting. It is by far the most mesmerizing experience I ever had in my astronomy class. I was so hyped, I continued looking at it when I got home.

[@karanlidder5319]

Yikes!😂😂

[@helpme5785]

Karan Lidder me when I go to Venus and instantly vaporize

[@DarkVader23]

Interesting to note the Russian space mission to have ever landed and taken pictures from Venus surface.

[@Daigotsumax]

is was probably my favorite video to date! Venus seems like a fascinating world. And I love that all its features have received female names!

[@baller6262]

I'm your Venus, I'm your fire, your desire.

[@Ghost-vd5mc]

🤣

[@ncgal384]

Legit 💯😂😂😂😂

[@bubbles3161]

I'm your Uranus , i'm your fire . . .

[@ethansun9160]

Guys just 100 more years, I can't wait!

[@MrMKL]

Great video as per usual. And thanks for being reasonable, respectful folk.

[@SanamGoli]

Venus is actually such a good metaphor for the actual goddess though ✨❇

[@abduld]

i'm laughing so hard they had to re-upload a video because people got offended by a silly joke of a phil with long hair.... americans try way too hard to be politically correct it's so embarrassing. SJW's are even making youtube a joke now :( please, please just keep that stuff on tumblr where it belongs. -- regardless, i love this series and am consistently looking forward to new episodes.

[@tenaciousdean6179]

BadKidAdvil Americans have nothing on the Brits for being PC, people should be more like the French or Aussies, they just don't give a flying f**k

[@michaeltariga5285]

BadKidAdvil I just find it tiresome that people has to make an issue out of a good joke. Its a joke, nothing else. But bringing up the issue through re-uploading and politically correcting the video just brings more poison to both parties. The people should be discussing about the planet venus in the comment sections but instead we are now talking about the poison of political correctness. Its a shame that Crash Course needed to bow their head down to the few who are just far too emotionally sensitive to take a joke.

[@Arnoldisbored]

BadKidAdvil If i was trans, I would probably be more offended that they are treating trans people like baby retards that may get triggered into post traumatic stress over a fucking joke.

[@NickGorton]

BadKidAdvil Apparently you and I have a different definition of the words "had to". But here, let's let Phil Plait educate you:www.slate.com/blogs/bad_astronomy/2015/04/25/crash_course_an_apology_to_the_transgender_community.html

[@abduld]

Nick Gorton they definitely "had to" in order to please the tumblr crowd and not lose that part of their audience...

[@hristo.bogdanov]

Very good work - keep them coming :)

[@unvergebeneid]

For everyone wondering what the joke was that got removed for the reupload: The original video at 3:21 had that picture again of the naked woman holding God-knows-what between her legs (from 0:06) but on "but up close ... yikes" the animation zoomed in on her face which at the same time turned into Phil Plait. This was perceived to be trans-phobic. To quote Greenwickpress's comment on the original video: "You may not have intended to do so, but the joke about Venus being unattractive in person is problematic. It looks on the surface to be transphobic, because the implication is that the viewer was expecting to see a beautiful cisgender woman, but was fooled and instead found a man, whom they found unattractive. It would have been better to do something else to show the person depicted wasn't attractive."

[@tatianatub]

Penny Lane and they were correct to reupload it casual transphobia like that is showing ppl that its okay to make fun of trans people

[@tatianatub]

Diana Peña i cant say that i was personally offended by it(it was kinda funny) but i can see how pp, would be offended by something like that

[@CommandLineVulpine]

Penny Lane It makes me sad how little people can handle these days.

[@abduld]

Penny Lane as soon as someone says the word "problematic" you know they're sjw's from tumblr just trying to be offended about something.

[@rdreher7380]

Diana Peña At some point I find you too radical. I don't think that joke was really that offensive, but there are such things as offensive jokes, and offending people is wrong. You seem to think everyone should just be crass, nasty, and hardhearted, but in the real world people need concern for one another (you know because we live, work, and share a planet together), and a huge part of that is understanding how our actions, including jokes, can affect other people, and taking responsibility for that. Now what is offensive can be very complicated. The same joke can be offensive in one context and fine in another, so long as everyone is on the same page. When misunderstanding arises, the correct thing to do is explain yourself and apologize, not berate the offended for being too soft or sensitive. Not everyone is going to tough it out, and why should they? What you should do is learn to better communicate your humor, better contextualize it, that is take responsibility. Of course, there are sometimes when you can't do that. When you speak to a large audience, you can't have concern for everyone. You can't stifle you're speech because of a minority that just wont give you the benefit of the doubt. Then again, you don't want to just play to the tyranny of the majority and allow certain groups to be marginalized. These are all complicated issues to deal with, not just simple "comedy has no limits."

[@Fooglmog]

Just to nit-pick, did anyone else notice that at 0:58 Venus is shown as making several rotations as it does less than one full orbit around the sun, despite the fact that Phil later tells us that Venus actually rotates less than once per orbit?

[@TragoudistrosMPH]

Hehe Beast Wars: Silverbolt: You remind me of Venus.😚 Black Arachnia: "Poisonous and Deadly?" 😍 Silverbolt:"😐No... bright and beautiful" 😅 Black Arachnia: "Oh"😒

[@topnoodlebowl1549]

that's funny

[@headrockbeats]

No, CC Astronomy! You were my favorite CC! I can't believe you went and did that! :(

[@inksplatter1]

I learn so much more from these videos than I ever did from my college astronomy class! Why can't more education be at this quality?

[@jj9533]

Love these, so interesting

[@douglastang123]

venus is an example of what our earth will succumb to in the future.

[@winterfox5]

ダグちゃん～ Mars is probably a better example than Venus, but I got what you meant.

[@nintendomaster12]

ダグちゃん～ dagu chan i see u everywhere >_>

[@douglastang123]

sorry lol xD

[@TheShmuTube]

ダグちゃん～ Nope, it's a myth. The amount of CO2 on Venus is nearly impossible to measure as there is so much of it. Earth has nowhere near the amount of CO2 Venus does. But still, global warming is real and we choose to ignore it.

[@mosshivenetwork117]

Yeah

[@RyanHull76]

Sad that you redacted/edited out the Joke. That was hilarious!!!!!

[@connorgleeson3583]

I honestly find this more patronising then anything, it was a harmless joke, I'm guessing the people that complained where not trans in the first place and judging by the comments trans people that did watch it had zero issues with it.

[@tatianatub]

Tech Spectrum thanks for asking every trans person who watched the video if they found it offensive

[@connorgleeson3583]

ashley beaumont That's fair I'm sure maybe some did, I just hoped the viewers of a channel like this wouldn't be hyper sensitive about a harmless joke, it used Phils's face,so it was poking fun at his own looks.

[@connorgleeson3583]

Ok no need to insult people like that.

[@homeycdawg]

Tech Spectrum I think your probably right. A LOT of the people who complain about this stuff are taking it upon themselves to get offended on other people's behalf. I really hate this modern idea that whether you should get offended or not is something that can be looked up in a textbook (Chapter 5 paragraph 12 says I should be offended at this).

[@demianhaki7598]

Tech Spectrum Yeah, I'm kind of bothered by the recent trend of many people to get offended ON BEHALF of others, instead of just focussing on those who are actually, potentially affected. I mean, they may still have a point, but it's becoming a sport in some areas and the people in question can certainly speak for themselves, especially in the anonymity of the internet.

[@fen4554]

If venus was spinning normally, and then had a major collision that flipped it on it's axis, wouldn't the torquing effect of changing the direction of a spinning mass rip the surface apart? Explaining why the planet appeared to be resurfaced, and why it was spinning so slowly?

[@TheDevilWearsPrada.0]

Venus is Earth’s hot sister😍😏

[@ffggddss]

"the hottest planet in the solar system." OK, I admit this is a favorite little thought-torpedo of mine, but when we compare planets' temperatures, we mean their "surface temperatures," don't we? But that begs the question, "What do we mean by the 'surface' of any of the four gas giants?" Because what usually think of as its "surface," is really just the tops of its clouds. But that isn't consistent with the use of the term for the inner planets. So the "surface" of a gas giant, should apply to the surface of its solid (rocky?) core. But we have no feasible way (yet!) to even *find* that, let alone measure its temperature. Best we can do is model the conditions there. And on any of the gas giants, I think all the models put this kind of surface temperature way higher than Mercury's and Venus', don't they?

[@glizzyyy1207]

Play the first 2 seconds at 0.25x speed, try not to get nightmares.

[@alostlonewolf]

I love this show and only just noticed it's made by PBS. Gods bless public television

[@chillsahoy2640]

Please don't tell me the Venus/Phil joke was removed. As a member of a minority which is sometimes violently abused and sometimes frustratingly overprotected, I think it's nice that we're able to loosen up and laugh at ourselves. If nothing else, self-censorship of this sort sends a message that trans- people are "an edgy subject" and we should "step on our toes around them" when I'm sure that the intention is one of acceptance and equality.

[@elohssa5019]

E Hernandez I think that's exactly what was removed or as they call it, "corrected".

[@Hourai]

E Hernandez It was removed. I think people read too much into it. How is it any different from Crash Course Gov't/Politics having Craig as every character?

[@chillsahoy2640]

Diana Peña I know the feeling. I'm gay and I can't stand it when gay jokes are treated as offensive. Now, for the most part, they are rather bad jokes, mainly because people think that if your joke is 'edgy' it's instantly good and in reality it just doesn't work like that. I hope we eventually realize that equality isn't something you can force into place through censorship or shaming, it's something you need to work at by educating people from a young age, teaching them that humanity is a big, complicated and diverse mess of a species, but we're all worthy of the same respect. And we're also all equally appropriate for jokes. I don't want to be treated as a fragile item just because I'm gay: now that *is* offensive.

[@RyanHull76]

WHAT!>!!?!? That was the funniest joke I've seen on one of these videos so far! No!!!!!!!

[@mebamme]

E Hernandez What was the joke anyway? I missed the original upload.

[@jonthegeologist616]

Can someone send me a link to a paper saying that Venus was one giant super volcano? I think that is a really cool idea and I would love to read more about it

[@robertcanty9756]

Venus is hell? Heh, guess what the journey of love is?

[@JohnNozum]

To Phil Plait, I REALLY ENJOYED your documentary on Venus! It was EXTREMELY INTERESTING! I also like your personality here. Your show here is MUCH MORE INTERESTING than watching Jeopardy or football!!! From John Nozum

[@minimooster7258]

The idea of Venus being a super volcano is a bit scary. I mean what it pressure building inside the planet one day made the whole thing erupt and blasted the remnants of Venus into space. I know it's a bit unlikely but still... Ok maybe the whole Eruption of Venus thing is what resurfaced it.

[@JosephJoboLicayan]

I just realized Jeb, Bill, and Bob are there :D Why not make the last episode about the impact of studying astronomy and community involvement? It is a good topic to think about though.

[@Rando_Shyte]

Stop shrieking YIKES and youll be fine. Good video

[@soultrick7474]

Great vids just one question, is it possible that venus has few impact craters due to its dense atmosphere, all objects falling on it has much harder time to reach its surface, entering 90 times denser gas barrier than on earth should be not an easy task for a object.

[@rinse-esnir4010]

They shouldn't be of the same age.

[@13ullseye]

To quote Ricky Gervais "just because you're offended doesn't mean you're right". The video was fine before, you'd have to be pretty overtly sensitive to have seen anything wrong with that throw away gag. Can we please stop catering to every single person who gets offended over every little thing? It's getting ridiculous.

[@michaeltariga5285]

13ullseye Same here. Got to agree with that.

[@demianhaki7598]

13ullseye On a case-by-case basis, I would argue that Phil & the producers are obviously entitled to decide whether or how much they care about not offending anyone, no matter what their own initial intentions. So if they decided to say "You know, in this case, I really care more about the feelings of a group of people than about my random silly joke, so I'm gonna take out the joke", fair enough. It's their product, they can call the shots.However, as a matter of principle, I would argue that focussing merely on people's reaction and perception of a statement/issue/argument is not a feasable way of a) determining cases of discrimination/harm or b) balancing psychological protection with freedom of expression. Going by people's perception of an issue alone is just too arbitrary. It certainly matters, but it's not the only thing that should matter when we try to tell if a certain statement/joke etc. is ok or not. So, while we should obviously be very vigilant about respecting the dignity of others and protecting people from discrimination and harm, we should try to find some indicators that help us to identify cases of actual discrimination or bullying slightly more objectively. One thing that might help is to analyse respective statement, imagery, jokes more thouroughly, instead of just saying "there are some possible associations of this with the thing that I'm offended by". For instance, in the original video, Phil made a joke about how some things appear less beautiful from up close then from afar. The aspect of "beauty" was represented by the figure of a woman, the aspect of "ugliness" was represented by his face in a self-depricating manner. Now, crucially, the ugliness was not represented by just any male face. If so, the imagery would have equated "ugliness" with "maleness", or more specifically", it would have equated "ugliness" with "maleness mixed with the female form". That would have certainly be transphobic in its message, no matter if it had been intended or not. However, in the original joke, ugliness was not equated with "maleness mixed with female body", but very obviously only with "me, Phil, as an individual". That perception does not just depend on Phil's intention. There is an obvious, objective semantic difference between the two cases which we have to acknowledge unless we want our understanding of language to become completely arbitrary. If we allow the meaning of a sentence to be determined by people's subjective associations/interpretations alone, then we can hardly expect to get through a single conversation or debate without offending at least someone. Therefore, if only for pragmatic reasons, we should probably agree on the principle that we should pay attention to the semantic details of statements, no matter how we feel about them subjectively and no matter what intentions the speaker had. If a speaker had good intentions, but the semantic analysis shows that the statement was clearly offensive, then it's offensive. If the semantic analysis shows that the statement was really harmless, but someone perceives it as offensive nonetheless. Tough luck. That, again, only applies to when we think about which kind of linguistic standards of debate we want to follow. In this particular case, again, Phil & Co. are obviously free to decide whether they want to give in to feelings of being offended, no matter whether this perception is semantically justified or not.

[@13ullseye]

Demian Haki That was probably the most eloquently posed comment I've ever seen on this website, well done; I couldn't have said it better myself. Especially with _"If we allow the meaning of a sentence to be determined by people's subjective associations/interpretations alone, then we can hardly expect to get through a single conversation or debate without offending at least someone."_ you really hit the nail on the head. I get your point about them being free to decide for themselves, but when circumstances like this arise I feel like people are often too quick to act in favor of the offended individual. For me it always boiled down to a situation of _someone_ is *always* going to be offended, and you can't please everyone, so it irritates me when people cater to the whims of the overly sensitive because it's just a waste of time and effort.

[@demianhaki7598]

13ullseye Regarding the catering to victims, I also think it can be problematic when it has harmful effects in real life, e.g. when a university seminar is cancelled because of the uncomfortable ideas that were mentioned/discussed. In this case here, I might say "Ok, fair enough, Phil gave a shoutout to a marginalized group. Didn't hurt us and maybe brought a bit of attention to their sensitivities and needs. It was a gesture of paying respect and acknowledging their struggle, taking it seriously". But I agree that this kind of apologizing behaviour should not become a kneejerk reaction. It should be possible to say in some cases: "I acknowledge that somebody felt uncomfortable about sth, I can even see that somebody might have felt hurt, but, while I have sympathy, I have evaluated my actions and I maintain that what I have said was inherently harmless in and of itself (independet of my intentions), and since we cannot reasonably adopt the idea that one could only speak in such a way that any kind of negative association is impossible, I consider it ok to express my harmless statement"

[@NickGorton]

13ullseye So you want CCA to cater to your desires about how they should do their videos? Why the hell should you care what Phil Plait decides to do? It's his show. He was made aware of it, saw how it could be seen as offensive, and *wanted to* change it. So now he has to act in a way that he himself perceives as negative so as not to offend your delicate sensibilities? If I learned that a word I used innocently was insulting to a disenfranchised group I would change it. Hell, I used to use the word 'retarded' all the time. But I learned something new and now I don''t use that word. So I should have to keep using that because it offends you that I changed? Dude, get a life and move on.

[@wawaspringwater]

Best video yet......I've said after every one of your videos

[@TheVanillaChapstick]

Can't believe y'all gave in to outside pressure to a harmless joke like that. I really like Phil, though.

[@michaeltariga5285]

Peter Rabbit same here, I am far liking Crash Course Astronomy compared to the other Crash Courses but removing a harmless and funny joke because of the few who are too sensitive to laugh at it is just appaling. Look at the poison of political correctness has done, instead of discussing about the planet venus, we are discussing a harmless and funny joke that is removed because of political correctness. The p.c police that makes an issue out of everything and it is not only affecting them but affecting the majority of normal people and their lives. It is just depressing to think that C.C has to bow down to these kind of crowd.

[@NickGorton]

Peter Rabbit Well if you really like Phil, you might not want to mischaracterize his actions. They chose to do this when they learned how that could be offensive. That's the same reason that I stopped using the word 'retarded'. I didn't realize what that mean to some people, and when I learned what it did,I stopped using it. This is what adults do and what Phil decided to do: www.slate.com/blogs/bad_astronomy/2015/04/25/crash_course_an_apology_to_the_transgender_community.html

[@michaeltariga5285]

Nick Gorton "Well, it turns out that wasn’t so OK and funny with a lot of viewers. We got some comments that the joke was transphobic, making fun of transgender people." So It was not okay for the few sensitive transexual viewer, those few who are not realising that the joke is not directed at them but at Phil Plait but still taking it as an imagined offense at them and thus wanted for CC to redo it to cater to their viewing pleasure? To give these few sensitive people who cant take a joke special treatment? I know Phil Plait can judge if a certain group is too sensitive for their own good(since he did write it at the end of the collumn) but in this instance for me the few who did write the CC team that they find it offensive is a bit disillusioned and just didnt realize the discord that they have done. PS: I think everyone like Phil Plait since he is a pretty laid back and fun guy, even if his point of view differs to oneself.

[@TheVanillaChapstick]

Nick Gorton I guess we gotta stop calling Native Americans "Indians" and also change the name of the Redskins. While we're at it, change businessmen to businesspeople and manhole to peoplehole in order not to offend women. While we're at it, let's change the faces on the dollar bills since all those presidents owned slaves and it will be offensive to blacks (I mean, Jackson is about to be given the boot anyways). Everything today is offensive. What a joke and sissy country we've become.

[@matthewbartley2746]

Peter Rabbit I think your viewing this less logically than you should, while you have a valid point.. the tangent of renaming everything for everyone is a unrealistic and impossible goal, not to mention almost completely impractical. in a society where we value personal liberty and social responsibility in equal stature we also must look at the concept of equality equally and redefine our position. In the end does the name of something matter or is the dignity of the subject in question what matters? If you worked for an Air Line as a flight attendant.. would you want to be called Stewardess? Or does Flight Attendant fit your male profile better as well as sounding more professional? Did you know that doors to warehouses with the specific intent to be utilized by human traffic only, is infact known as a "Man-Door / Man-Gate" and that Homosapiens are commonly and colloquially self identified as HuMAN, and MANkind.. also the philosophical stance.. "What is Man?" not refering to humans with penises at all but in fact referring to the entire human population and what it in fact means to be a member of the collective species entailed? Asinine the point becomes when one actually thinks about a name having so much weight for some people who dont appreciate that its not the name that matters, but the vindication it encompasses as a society. Policeman became Police Officer because its a logical connection. A woman cannot infact be a man, and Policewoman objectifies the woman wearing the uniform as something different or other than.. Thus Police Officer is a more credible, professional, and inclusive terminology to use thus making anyone wearing that uniform equal and worthwhile while not objectifying any one stereotype or another. :) See?

[@hanahanihussien8112]

Thanks for the video

[@JoelCarli]

Venus is Hell? Venus = Hell War = Hell Venus = War War = Mars Venus = Mars What does it _mean_?

[@deathroman13]

Venus=War

[@JoelCarli]

Mars = Chocolate Chocolate = Aphrodisiac Aphrodisiac = Aphrodite Aphrodite = Venus Dang, these Illuminati guys sure have their stuff figured out :O

[@deathroman13]

Joel Carli Mars=Venus

[@DaReelSlimN80]

Mars = War Venus = Love Mars = Venus Love is War is Love is War.

[@helpme5785]

Venus and Mars relationship confirmed! Hephaestus was right!

[@janetlieb2507]

Femme fatale. Venus!🌙

[@gokhansayram]

Well… Venus might be the Love Goddess for us, but it was the God of War for the Mayans.

[@josephkane2312]

I've a huge Venus that erupts every day, no wonder it's called the goddess of love.

[@DannyBeans]

"If you want to see it, the best time to look is after sunset, or before sunrise." So . . . at night, then? (I know what he meant. Please don't explain it to me.)

[@1959Edsel]

There is an exception to the naming convention on Venus. One feature is named Maxwell Montes after James Clerk Maxwell. Maxwell's equations describe electromagnetism, and without radar we would have no way of detecting the surface features.

[@abduld]

i spy KERBALS!!!

[@thelonelydirector]

BadKidAdvil Those are Michael Aranda's Kerbals. He graciously loaned them to us :)

[@maroon5man]

Jeb bill and bob

[@mrdgenerate]

koebbels?

[@888huckleberry]

Great info !! All condensed love it Great VIDEO!

[@TheDraconifors]

I'm really enjoying these episodes on planets. I feel like I'm learning a lot more than I ever have in a High School science class.

[@vbernard76]

Excellently done.

[@madmonkee6757]

Mercury transit, 11 November 2019.

[@Optimus-Prime-Rib]

Mad Monkee missed it by 3 weeks.... doh 😖

[@simarsingh1133]

What if we used to live on venus and we destroyed it completely and some people moved to earth and now doing same thing we done on earth

[@mathieufick179]

0:08 just replace "venus" with "my girlfriend"

[@wilensgalette2253]

It really does sound like hell haha.... Sounds like something straight outta the divine comedy

[@MartianInAHumansBody]

Learned some new things about Venus. Geniunely surprised!

[@MichaelPomeroyinmauritania]

Nick Cullen I like how all the features are named after chicks.

[@MartianInAHumansBody]

Michael P hellish version of Earth, and it is all named after women? I heard stand up comedy material when I heard that...

[@Atlas-pn6jv]

"Idunn Mons." Idunn. Ee-doon. As in Idunn, norse goddess of springtime. Not Eye-duhn.... I'll just head over to crash course mythology.

[@madmike5567]

I just noticed the 3 Kerbals from "Kerbal Space Program" (a video game) on the shelf to his left.

[@politicallycorrectredskin796]

All the space boffins play KSP I think.

[@Angellisable]

There is alot of very personal information on this planet. Did we ever take a Satellite on its orbit? The rain, the volcanic activity, etc.

[@johnsonguitarstudio]

Venera 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. Vega 1 and 2. Magellan. Galileo. Cassini. Mariner 2 and 5, Pioneer Venus 1 and 2. Venus Express. IKAROS. Akatsuki. Messenger. Parker Solar Probe. BepiColombo launched in October 2018, and its first flyby will occur on 12th October 2020. SolO launched in February and will make its first flyby on 26th December 2020. Did we ever indeed!

[@chortles6969]

I can't believe some of y'all are STILL crying about a decision CrashCourse made a damn year ago to remove a tacky joke from their video. Grow some thicker skin and move on with your lives

[@afafalwan1515]

can i know what is this joke that everyone is talking about??!

[@GetUpTheMountains]

www.slate.com/blogs/bad_astronomy/2015/04/25/crash_course_an_apology_to_the_transgender_community.html

[@randomanimallover3196]

chortles Same could be said for the nonnos that complained in the first place...

[@gustenhr]

The irony of your comment is priceless. Tell that to the snowflakes who were offended in the first place.

[@warwolf715]

I don't think anybody held up their life because a funny joke got removed.

[@morganhuber6561]

It is mind-bottling how often people say that a day on Venus is longer than its year, but that is only if you are talking about the sidereal day which is not the most widely used definition of the term "day". It's solar day that most people have in mind when they use the term day, which on Earth is 24 hours. Earth's sidereal day is 23 hours 56 minutes, but whenever you use the term Earth days, it is the solar day, 24 hours, that people understand. Venus's solar day lasts 116.75 Earth solar days. A year on Venus lasts about 224.7 Earth solar days and that means there are about 1.92 Venusian days in a Venusian year. Just compare apples to apples. The very unit of measure that you are using, Earth solar days, should clue you in on what definition of "day" is understood and saying that Venus's day is longer than its year is misleading and obtuse.

[@MaxwellAerialPhotography]

Stunningly beautiful, incredibly bright, but hellish to be around. * insert ex-boyfriend joke here *

[@adityaravishankar7057]

that's cruel.

[@Justwantahover]

FAT EARTH Proven not to be flat by Venus (unless your pancake is floating in space). VENUS With a small telescope you can view Venus and sometimes it appears larger and like 1/4 phase, and months later it appears smaller and like 3/4 phase. This is what everyone can see in a telescope. When Venus is larger and 1/4 phase it’s on the near side of the sun and when it’s smaller and 3/4 phase it’s on the far side of the sun (this geometry fits exactly with what we see). This is visual proof of the depth of space.

[@matthewthedford2041]

I hope I can live to 115.

[@minimooster7258]

To see another Venus transit? Same

[@tensequel7818]

i hope i can live to 116

[@grandmasteryoda9893]

Or Just look on IT on Google with out make the SUN burn you eyes out

[@johnapple6646]

I don't want to even live til tmr

[@kashyyyk]

I'm reading in the comments that the video was taken down and re-uploaded because of something offensive. Can anyone tell me what that was about?